Tampa Scale For Kinesiophobia Research Articles

Increased kinesiophobia leads to lower return to sport rate and clinical outcomes following osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee.

The purpose of this study is to describe the postoperative psychological state of patients following osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation in the knee and to determine whether patient-perceived kinesiophobia is associated with the rate of return to sport (RTS). A retrospective review of the electronic medical record at a single institution was conducted for all patients that underwent OCA transplantation from January 2010 to 2020. Patient-reported outcomes including the visual analog scale (VAS), knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS)and the Tampa scale of kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11) were collected. Patients were surveyed regarding their postoperative RTS status. A total of 38 patients (52.6% female) were included in our analysis. Overall, 24 patients (63.2%) returned to sport with 12 (50%) of these patients returning at a lower level of play. When comparing patients that return to sport to those that did not, patients that return had significantly superior KOOS pain (p = 0.019) and KOOS QOL (p = 0.011). Measures of kinesiophobia (TSK-11) were significantly higher among patients that did not return to sport (p = 0.014), while satisfaction (n.s.) and pain intensity (n.s.) were comparable between groups. Logistic regression models controlling for demographic factors, VAS pain scoresand lesion size showed that for every one-point increase in TSK-11 kinesiophobia score, patients were 1.33 times more likely to return to sport at a lower level (p = 0.009). For every one-point increase in TSK-11 scores KOOS QOL decreased by 2.4 points (p < 0.001). Fear of reinjury decreases the likelihood that patients will return to their preoperative level of sport after OCA transplantation. Patients that do not return to sport report significantly greater fear of reinjury and inferior clinical outcomes, despite similar levels of satisfaction and pain compared to those that return. Level III.

The effect of conventional physiotherapy and median nerve radiofrequency therapy on kinesiophobia in lumbar facet syndrome

Aim: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of conventional physiotherapy (CPT) and median nerve radiofrequency therapy (MNRFT) on kinesiophobia in patients with lumbar facet syndrome (LFS). Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 60 patients over 18 with facet joint pain persisting for at least 3 months and unresponsive to medical treatment were included in the study. The patients were divided into CPT and MNRFT groups of 30 patients each according to the treatment they received. The patients were evaluated for pain severity, kinesiophobia, sleep quality, functional status, and depression both before the treatment and one month after the treatment using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TKS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. Results: There was a significant difference between the pre- and post-treatment VAS, PSQI, ODI, and BDE scores in both the CPT and MNRFT groups. Additionally, there was a significant difference between the pre- and post-treatment TKS scores in the RFT group, but not in the CPT group. There was no significant difference between the groups in any of the pre-treatment scores. There was also no significant difference between the groups in the post-treatment scores, except for the TKS scores. Conclusion: The study findings indicated that MNRFT and median nerve blockade reduced kinesiophobia more than CPT.

The relationship of behavioral and psychological traits with pain sensitivity in females with patellofemoral pain: A cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between behavioral and psychological traits with indicators of central sensitization in female runners with patellofemoral pain (PFP), and to determine if behavioral and psychological traits improve with strength training. DesignCross-sectional study. SettingUniversity laboratory. ParticipantsTwenty-eight active females (mean age 32 ± 8.1 years) with PFP completed testing at baseline, 8 weeks (post intervention), and 12 weeks. Main outcome measuresBehavioral and psychological questionnaires included the General Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionairre-9, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11, and Central Sensitization Inventory. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) measures were also collected. After baseline testing, subjects were instructed in a hip and knee strengthening intervention to be completed twice daily over 8 weeks. ResultsA statistically significant improvement was found at 12 weeks for anxiety (p = .015; ηp (Boling et al., 2010) = 0.099) and kinesiophobia (p = .041; ηp (Boling et al., 2010) = 0.076). There was no significant improvement for depression, catastrophizing, or subjective central sensitization. No significant correlations were found between any of the behavioral and psychological questionnaires with baseline QST variables. ConclusionsNo relationship was found for behavioral and psychological characteristics with QST measures in female runners with persistent PFP.

Compensatory latency time delays during consecutive perturbations in older adults with and without kinesiophobia

BackgroundFear of movement has been related to lower limb activation patterns in older adults. However, insight into consecutive perturbations on stepping strategy while considering fall-related confidence is unknown. Research questionAre there latency time delays following three consecutive slip perturbations between subjects with and without kinesiophobia when considering limb dominance and fall efficacy differences? MethodsThere were 15 older adults with kinesiophobia and 15 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched control subjects. The subjects stood on the platform during three consecutive perturbations (250, 300, and 400 msec excursions), which were produced by a Bertec device. The subjects completed questionnaires to evaluate the psychological features of their fall-related fear (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia: TSK) as well as the modified fall efficacy scale (FES). The latency times (msec) measured the time it took for a subject to respond to a translation. ResultsOverall, the results of the FES demonstrated a moderate negative association with the TSK (r = −0.52, p = 0.004). There was a significant group difference for the FES (t = 2.78, p = 0.01). The FES demonstrated significant positive correlation coefficients (ranging from 0.40 to 0.51) and significant negative correlation coefficients (ranging from −0.41 to −0.61), except for the slow perturbations. The groups demonstrated a significant interaction on consecutive latency times and limb side (F = 5.84, p = 0.02). The latency time during the fast perturbations on the dominant limb (F = 5.53, p = 0.02) was significantly shorter in the kinesiophobia group. SignificanceThe control group demonstrated confidence during fall-related activities, but the latency times were significantly different between groups when considering the dominant limb following repeated slip perturbations. The kinesiophobia group demonstrated shorter latency times on the dominant limb to protect against potential fall-risks from perturbations. The group interactions on limb side and consecutive perturbations need to be considered with fall-related confidence and improved standing balance in older adults with kinesiophobia.

Comparative Effects of Wearing Knee Support Brace and Kinesiotaping on Pain, Physical Activity Level and Kinesiophobia in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA), primarily affecting knees, hips, and hands, is the most prevalent form of arthritis, with knee OA being a significant cause of disability in older individuals. It poses a substantial burden on personal health and healthcare systems, characterized by symptoms like joint pain, restricted motion, and muscle weakness. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of knee support braces and kinesiotaping in managing symptoms of knee OA, focusing on pain reduction, physical activity enhancement, and kinesiophobia mitigation. Methods: Conducted at the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital from December 2022 to July 2023, this randomized controlled trial enrolled individuals aged 45-60 years with grade II-III medial compartment knee OA. Participants were purposively sampled and randomly allocated into two groups: the knee brace group and the kinesiotaping group. Data collection involved the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF) for physical activity level, and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) for measuring kinesiophobia. Interventions included a three-month rehabilitation program with either knee braces or kinesiotaping, supplemented with a home exercise program. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, employing parametric tests like independent sample t-tests and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The study comprised 96 participants, with a mean age distribution across groups ranging from 45 to 60 years. At baseline, pain scores were comparable between groups. However, significant reductions in pain scores were noted in the kinesiotaping group at the 4th (mean difference = 0.39, p = 0.001), 8th (mean difference = 0.39, p = 0.001), and 12th weeks (mean difference = 0.71, p = 0.000). Physical activity levels, as per IPAQ-SF, also showed significant improvements in the kinesiotaping group at the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks. Kinesiophobia levels, measured by TSK, decreased significantly in the kinesiotaping group over the study period. Conclusion: Kinesiotaping was found to be more effective than knee braces in reducing pain, enhancing physical activity levels, and decreasing kinesiophobia in patients with knee OA. These findings suggest that kinesiotaping could be a preferred non-surgical intervention in the management of knee OA symptoms.

Cross cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Persian version of the university of Wisconsin running injury and recovery index

BackgroundThe University of Wisconsin Running Injury and Recovery Index (UWRI) was developed to evaluate running ability after a running-related injury. The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the UWRI into Persian (UWRI-Persian) and to investigate its psychometric properties in patients with a running-related injury.MethodsThe UWRI-Persian was translated using the Beaton guidelines. One hundred and seventy-three native Persian patients with running-related injuries were participated in the study. The exploratory factor analysis was carried out using the principal component analysis method with Varimax rotation. The construct validity of the UWRI-Persian was evaluated using the Pearson correlation with the pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ), Tampa scale for Kinesiophobia (TKS), and visual analogue scale (VAS). Test-retest reliability was tested among 64 patients who completed the form again after seven days.ResultsThe UWRI-Persian showed excellent internal consistency for total score (α = 0.966). An excellent internal consistency (α = 0.922) was shown for psychological response and good internal consistency (α = 0.887) for running progression. The interclass correlation coefficient for the UWRI-Persian total scores was 0.965 (95% CI, 0.942 to 0.979), indicating high intra-rater reliability. The UWRI-Persian showed a moderate correlation with the PSEQ (r = 0.425) and the TSK (r = 0.457) and a weak correlation with the VAS (r = 0.187). These findings suggest no floor or ceiling effects.ConclusionsThe UWRI is a reliable and valid tool for Persian-speaking patients with running-related injuries. The UWRI was successfully translated from English to Persian and demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency, validity and reliability with no floor or ceiling effects.

Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Associated with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain in College Athletes.

This study aimed to determine the psychosocial factors associated with non-specific chronic low back pain (NS-CLBP) among college athletes. A cross-sectional study was performed at one university. A non-anonymous, self-administered online questionnaire was collected from each athlete. Participants with a history of orthopaedic spine disease or surgery were excluded. Online responses from 368 college athletes belonging to 18 clubs were collected, among which 263 were included in the analysis. In the 263 responses, 41 individuals were identified as having NS-CLBP. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with presence of NS-CLBP. Independent variables included the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire physical activity subscale (FABQ-PA) score, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11) score, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ) score, and body mass index (BMI). Additionally, the Mann-Whitney U-test was utilized to compare FABQ-PA, TSK-11, RDQ scores, and BMI between the NS-CLBP and non-NS-CLBP groups. The FABQ-PA (odd ratio = 1.096, P = 0.003) was significantly associated with NS-CLBP. No significant association was observed between NS-CLBP and TSK-11 (P = 0.776), RDQ (P = 0.074), and BMI (P = 0.296). The scores for FABQ-PA, TSK-11, RDQ, and BMI in the group with NS-CLBPwere found to be significantly higher compared to the group without NS-CLBP (P < 0.001, P = 0.034, P < 0.001, and P = 0.022, respectively). The present study revealed a significant relationship between higher FABQ-PA scores and NS-CLBP among college athletes. Conversely, TSK-11 and BMI values showed no significant association with NS-CLBP presence. The findings suggest that addressing fear-avoidance beliefs may be crucial in managing NS-CLBP among college athletes.

Effect of the Shoulder Symptom Modification Procedure on Pain and Kinesiophobia in Patients with Shoulder Pain: A Quasi-experimental Study

Introduction: Shoulder pain, ranking third among musculoskeletal issues, hampers diagnostics due to test limitations. The present study explores the potential of the Shoulder Symptom Modification Procedure (SSMP) as an intervention. Influential factors in physiotherapy outcomes, including kinesiophobia, are linked to shoulder pain. A knowledge gap remains on the impact of SSMP on pain and kinesiophobia in individuals with shoulder pain, contributing insights to musculoskeletal interventions. Aim: To investigate the effect of SSMP on pain and kinesiophobia in patients with shoulder pain. Materials and Methods: A single-blinded quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy on 35 participants aged 40-60 years experiencing shoulder pain, recruited from R.V. College of Physiotherapy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, over a six month period from February 2022 to July 2022. Pain was measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and kinesiophobia was measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). The researcher, blinded to pre- and post-test results of TSK11 and NPRS, conducted a shoulder symptom modification assessment. The procedure’s response-guided treatment was administered twice a week for three weeks, with each session lasting 30 minutes. Pre-assessment of TSK-11 and NPRS was performed by an assessor, with the same assessor re-evaluating outcomes after three weeks. Data underwent statistical analysis using a paired t-test in R Software version 4.1.0, with significance attributed to results having a p-value &lt;0.05. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 52±7.74 years. There was a significant reduction in NPRS from 7.54±1.146 to 3.74±1.70 post-intervention and TSK-11 scores from 27.20±5.12 to 23.17±4.83 in subjects with shoulder pain after three weeks of intervention. The study showed a significant improvement in pain (p&lt;0.001*) and kinesiophobia (p&lt;0.001*) in patients with shoulder pain. Conclusion: The SSMP was found to be effective in reducing pain and kinesiophobia in patients with shoulder pain. Further research should be conducted in the future, taking large samples and varied techniques into account for the identification of optimal strategies in improving health-related outcomes.

The Relationship between Kinesiophobia, Pain Intensity and Functional Disability among Elderly Individuals with Low Back Pain: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common health problem among elderly individuals, leading to pain and disability. Alongside pain, psychosocial factors have a significant impact on patients with LBP. Kinesiophobia is defined as a fear of physical movement and activity, which can result in avoidance of activities and movement, leading to deconditioning. The relationship between kinesiophobia and pain severity is complex and interrelated, with each affecting the other and restricting the patient’s participation in daily activities. Aim: To investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia, pain severity, and functional disability in older people with LBP. Materials and Methods: A total of 49 participants over 60 years old with LBP were recruited for this cross-sectional study at the Department of Physiotherapy, Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. Subjects were recruited from March 2022 to February 2023 based on inclusion criteria. Screened participants completed a self-reported questionnaire, The subjects themselves filled out the outcome tools. including the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) Questionnaire, the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire tool, and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) to assess various aspects of kinesiophobia, functional disability, and pain severity. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between kinesiophobia, pain severity, and functional disability. A p-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The age of the elderly participants ranged from 60 to 84 years, with a mean age of 70.9±6.5 years. positive correlation was found between kinesiophobia and functional disability (r value=0.464, p-value=0.001), while no correlation was observed between kinesiophobia and pain intensity. Conclusion: It is concluded that kinesiophobia may contribute to disability, as a positive relationship between kinesiophobia and functional disability was observed in individuals with LBP. However, no correlation was found between kinesiophobia and pain intensity.

Psychometric evaluation of the Danish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in patients with subacute and chronic low back pain.

The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) is a widely used patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess the level of pain self-efficacy in patients with low back pain (LBP). Although the PSEQ has been translated into Danish, its measurement properties remain unknown in patients with subacute and chronic LBP in Danish outpatient clinics. The aim of this study was to investigate the construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and measurement error of the Danish version of the PSEQ in a group of Danish patients with subacute and chronic LBP in a hospital outpatient setting. Patients with LBP referred to two Danish outpatient clinics were recruited for this study. Two days after the consultation, the participants were emailed a link to a survey that included the following outcome measures: the PSEQ, the Oswestry Disability Index, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia. Five days after completion of the survey, a new survey that included the PSEQ was sent to the participants. In total, 109 participants were included for the analysis of construct validity and internal consistency, with 94 participants included for the analysis of test-retest reliability and measurement error. Construct validity was found to be high and internal consistency was acceptable, with Cronbach's alpha = 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.91-0.93). Test-retest reliability was found to be good, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2.1) of 0.89 (95% CI = 0.82-0.92). The standard error of measurement was calculated to be 4.52 and the smallest detectable change was 12.5 points. The Danish version of the PSEQ showed acceptable measurement properties in terms of construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability in a group of patients with subacute and chronic LBP. However, further studies are needed to investigate other aspects of the measurement properties.

Assessing healthcare professionals' perceptions of pain concepts and beliefs.

Healthcare professionals deliver pain education, yet their perception of pain experiences is not well understood, which can affect their interactions with patients in pain. This study explored Korean healthcare professionals' perceptions of the usefulness of assessing pain concepts and beliefs and the importance of domains identified in the pain literature. This descriptive cross-sectional study employed an online survey administered to nurses, physical therapists, and physicians, including the Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, and related optional open-ended questions. Most participants acknowledged the importance and usefulness of assessing understanding of pain concepts but anticipated patients' difficulty comprehending items assessing biological mechanisms underlying pain. Participants questioned the items' accuracy, indicating their limited pain knowledge and the necessity of reducing literacy demands. The critical domains of pain education were learning about pain, external factors influencing pain, and pain as a form of protection. Participants had suboptimal pain knowledge but emphasized decreasing literacy demands of pain neurophysiology items. Additionally, it is necessary to develop and implement a pain education program to improve pain-related knowledge and provide educational content for healthcare professionals encountering patients in pain.

Comparing the Effects of Progressive Balance and Hip Strengthening Rehabilitation in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is associated with motor-behavioral and sensory-perceptual impairments, including reduced balance performance, hip strength, and ankle function, and increased disablement, and injury-related fear. Progressive balance training (BAL) and hip strengthening (HIP) can both improve balance and function, but their comparative effects are unknown. Our objective was to compare the effects of progressive BAL and HIP on balance, hip strength, and patient-reported outcomes in those with CAI. Forty-five individuals with CAI volunteered for this randomized control study. Participants were randomly allocated to BAL, HIP, and control (CON) groups (n = 15 per group). BAL and HIP each participated in 8-week interventions while CON did not. Participants' involved limbs underwent testing of patient-reported outcomes (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure [FAAM-ADL, FAAM-S], modified Disablement in the Physically Active Scale [mDPA], Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11 [TSK-11], Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire [FABQ], and Self-Efficacy of Balance Scale [SEBS]), Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), and isometric hip strength (extension [EXT], abduction [ABD], and external rotation [ER]) before and after the intervention. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Multivariate repeated-measures analyses of variance analyzed effects of the interventions. A significant group × time interaction existed for psychosocial outcomes (P = .008), but not for balance (P = .159), strength (P = .492), or ankle function and disability (P = .128). Time main effects existed for balance (P = .003), strength (P < .001), function and disability (P < .001), and psychosocial outcomes (P = .006). BAL significantly improved in SEBT, EXT, ABD, and all patient-reported outcomes. HIP significantly improved in EXT, ABD, ER, FAAM-S, mDPA, FABQ, and SEBS. Balance training and hip strengthening can both improve motor-behavioral and sensory-perceptual impairments in individuals with CAI; however, balance training remains the most effective option for clinicians.

Ab. No. 122 Functional Restoration Approach in the Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Crps) Caused By Onychomycosis: A Case Report

Introduction: The objective of this case report is to highlight the importance of incorporating functional restoration approach in the physiotherapy management of CRPS. The significant pain and disability associated with CRPS is not only biomedically faceted but frequently encompasses psychosocial aspects too. Physiotherapy management should address both these aspects. The functional restoration approach emphasizes gradual progression, starting with pre-sensorimotor cortices activation, then advancing to functional tasks. Methods: This is a case review of a 61 year old man with history of Onychomycosis presenting with left shoulder, wrist and hand stiffness and pain 6 months post the infection. Patient also presented with fear of movement and was reported to have had not used the arm functionally for daily activities since the onset of the infection. Patient is a k/c/o intentional tremors since 25 years. The functional restoration approach included patient education, desensitization using kinetic sand, followed by movement with Mulligan’s technique and graded functional activity by perpetual training over subsequent sessions. Pre and post assessments after a 3-week intervention included Kinesiophobia, Function, Pain, ROM, and grip strength. Additionally, the Archimedes spiral test was used to gauge tremor severity as a secondary outcome. Results: Post-intervention, positive changes were observed in outcome measures: a 16% decrease in Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, 10% improvement in Michigan Hand Outcome, 7% in grip strength, and 7% and 8% in wrist and shoulder ROM, respectively. The Archimedes spiral test also showed a notable improvement. Conclusion: The approach demonstrated improvement in Function, pain, and Kinesiophobia, with notable changes in range of motion, grip strength, and tremors as well. Implication: Functional restoration approach is a comprehensive method of managing CRPS since it addresses the syndrome’s multifaceted nature. Simultaneous assessment of biopsychosocial components aids in tracking progress and predicting better outcomes.

Exercise sensitivity, physical activity, and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic coronary syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

Cardiac risk factors and diseases exacerbate anxiety and may cause exercise sensitivity by increasing awareness of physical conditions. However, the extent to which exercise sensitivity influences the level of physical activity and kinesiophobia in CVD patients is unclear. The current study aimed to determine exercise sensitivity and its associated kinesiophobia and physical activity levels in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). This cross-sectional study involved 43 patients diagnosed with CCS and 45 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals. Exercise sensitivity (questionnaire created by researchers), physical activity levels (short form Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ), and kinesiophobia (Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale Heart, TSK-H) were evaluated. The exercise sensitivity score (ESS, 37.40 ±7.38 and 33.65 ±5.83, p = 0.010) was higher in the CSS group. During exercise, feeling pain, depletion of energy fatigue, chest pain, chest tightness, dizziness, palpitations, dyspnoea, and fainting frightened the patients (p < 0.05). The TSK-H score was higher, and the difference was significant in CCS patients compared the healthy controls (p = 0.007). Tye physical activity level was lower in patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.001), and 58.1% of CCS patients were inactive. ESS was significantly associated with IPAQ score (r = -0.360; p = 0.018) and TKS-H score (r = 0.529; p < 0.001) in CCS patients. According to linear regression analyses, exercise sensitivity explains 25% of kinesiophobia and physical activity. Patients with CCS exhibit fear and sensitivity towards exercise, and these fears contribute to high levels of kinesiophobia and low physical activity levels. Future studies should be designed based on exercise sensitivity to increase participation in exercise-based programs.

Examining the presence of sarcopenia in women with rheumatoid arthritis: Case-control study.

The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of sarcopenia, functional status, fear-avoidance behaviors, biopsychosocial status and quality of life in RA women with healthy controls. 25 RA women and 25 healthy women were included in the study. Definition of sarcopenia was assessed using parameters recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia (EWGSOP): Bioimpedance analysis for muscle mass (body fat ratio, skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass index); grip and knee extension strength for muscle strength and 4-m course gait speed test for physical performance was applied. Functional status was evaluated with the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), fear-avoidance behaviors with the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), biopsychosocial status with the Biopsychosocial Questionnaire (BETY-BQ), and quality of life with Short Form-36 (SF-36). While none of the healthy women had sarcopenia, severe sarcopenia was detected in 7 (28%) of the women with RA. When RA and healthy groups were compared; skeletal muscle mass (p: 0,004); skeletal muscle mass index (p: 0,011); grip strength-right (p:0.001) and left (p:0.001); knee extension strength-right (p:0.001) and left (p:0.001), 4-m course gait speed test (p:0.001), HAQ (p:0.001), TKS (p:0.001), BETY-BQ (p:0.001), SF-36 physical (p:0.001) ve mental component (p:0.001) results were significant in favor of the healthy group while there was no difference in body fat ratio (p>0.05). In women with RA, the frequency of sarcopenia is higher, and functional status, fear-avoidance behaviors, biopsychosocial status and quality of life are worse than healthy.

The relationship between kinesiophobia and adaptation to illness in different chronic illnesses.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between kinesiophobia and adaptation to chronic illness. The study was conducted with descriptive design. The questionnaire consists of three parts: a form including questions about socio-demographic characteristics and chronic diseases-related characteristics of the participants, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, and Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale. A total of 217 patients participated in the study, consisting of 99 patients with diabetes, 74 with heart failure (HF), and 44 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The general mean age of the patients participating in the study was 61.03 ± 11.99 years, and the mean duration of disease diagnosis was 9.83 ± 7.16 years. While age, physical adaptation, and psychological adaptation affected the level of kinesiophobia of the patients with COPD and HF by 44.3% and 47.7%, respectively, physical adaptation and psychological adaptation affected the level of kinesiophobia of the patients with DM by 29.6%. While the level of kinesiophobia was found to be high in all disease groups, it was determined that the level of adaptation to the disease was limited. Psychological and physical adaptation to illness was correlated with kinesiophobia.

INVESTIGATION OF PERSISTENT POST-COVID-19 SYMPTOMS, FRAILTY, KINESIOPHOBIA, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN OLDER ADULTS: AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS‑SECTIONAL STUDY

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare kinesiophobia and quality of life in older adults among subgroups created according to persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms and frailty. Methods: This study included 63 adults over the age of 65 with COVID-19.. Frailty was assessed with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) was used to assess the kinesiophobia and The World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-OLD) was used to assess quality of life. Results: The TSK score was significantly higher in the visibly frail and frail group than in the non-frail group (p=0.040). The TSK score was also significantly higher in the group with at least one persistent symptom after COVID-19 than participants with no persistent symptoms (p=0.008). Among participants with at least one persistent post-COVID-19 symptom, the TSK score was significantly higher in those with persistent dyspnea compared to those without (p=0.016). There was no significant difference in the WHOQOL-OLD scores of any sub-groups (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that kinesiophobia was affected by the presence of persistent COVID-19 symptoms and dyspnea, and frailty in older adults. In addition, quality of life was found to be independent of frailty and persistent COVID-19 symptoms.

Correlation between psychosocial stresses, stress coping ability, pain intensity and degree of disability in patients with non-specific neck pain

This study was conducted to find out which factor among stress inducing factors and stress coping factors that can affect patients with non-specific neck pain has more correlation with the intensity of neck pain and the degree of disability. This study is a cross-sectional correlational study. 100 patients diagnosed with non-specific neck pain participated in this study. The characteristics of the participants in this study are as follows. There were 56 men and 44 women, with an average age of 34.11 years, height of 169.91, and weight of 66.97 kg. The participant`s pain intensity was 5.18 and disability index was 21.44. In order to evaluate the pain intensity and disability level of patients with non-specific neck pain, Numeric Pain Rating SCALE (NPRS), and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were investigated, respectively. Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) were used to evaluate stress inducing factors. Brief Resolution Scale (BRS), Latack Coping Scale (LCS), and Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) were used to evaluate stress coping factors. Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine the correlation between NPRS, NDI, and DASS-21, TSK, BRS, LCS, and PSEQ in patients with non-specific neck pain. As a results of this study, the NPRS was correlated with NDI and TSK. The NPRS and NDI were found to have a moderate correlation, but they were correlated with TSK, but showed a weak correlation. The NDI was found to be correlated with TSK, DASS, BRS, and PSEQ. In addition, NDI showed a weak correlation with TSK, BRS, and PSEQ, but the DASS showed a moderate correlation, showing the strongest correlation among the factors. These outcomes suggest that psychosocial factors, particularly stress-related factors such as depression, anxiety, and fear of movement, exert a more pronounced influence on pain intensity and disability in individuals with non-specific neck pain.

Trends and associations between kinesiophobia and knee function from preoperatively to three and six months postoperatively in patients post-ACL reconstruction surgery

ObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify the relationship between the transition of kinesiophobia and knee joint function from the preoperative period to three months postoperative, the time to resume running, six months post-ACLR, and the goal time to resume sports. Methods54 patients who underwent initial ACLR were included in this study. The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11) was used to assess kinesiophobia. One-way ANOVA was performed for the preoperative, three-month postoperative, and six-month postoperative endpoints. To examine changes in knee function associated with changes in TSK-11, we calculated correlations between the differences at each time point. ResultsTSK-11 decreased significantly at both three and six months postoperatively compared with the preoperative level, but there was no significant change between three months and six months postoperatively. Similar to the decrease in TSK-11 from preoperatively to three and six months postoperatively, there was an improvement in flexion ROM, Pain, Subjective knee function, but none of these changed significantly from three to six months postoperatively. ConclusionThere may be significant improvements in knee function associated with TSK-11 reduction up to three months postoperatively.

Comparison of breathing pattern and diaphragmatic motion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic group

BackgroundThe associations between neck pain and respiratory dysfunction were clarified in patients with neck pain. There is dearth of evidence on pulmonary dysfunction and diaphragmatic excursion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy (CR). The purpose of this study was to compare the breathing pattern and diaphragmatic excursion in patients with unilateral CR with those in an asymptomatic group.MethodsTwenty-five patients with unilateral CR and 25 asymptomatic individuals aged between 30 and 55 participated in this study. Diaphragmatic motion, breathing pattern, active cervical range of motion and kinesiophobia were investigated in both groups by using fluoroscopy, manual assessment of respiratory motion (MARM), cervical range of motion device, and Tampa scale of kinesiophobia. Statistical significance was set at 0.05.ResultsNo statistically significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to sex, age and body mass index. The mean excursion of the hemi diaphragm on the involved side (the side of CR) was significantly lower than that on the uninvolved side in patients with unilateral CR with a large effect size. The excursion of the involved hemi diaphragm in patients was reduced compared to the matched hemi diaphragm in the control group. There was no significant difference between the hemi diaphragms excursion in the control group. The results of the MARM variables showed that the volume of breathing and the percentage rib cage motion in normal and deep breathing were significantly different between the two groups, but there was no significant difference in the balance of breathing between the two groups. Additionally, the active cervical range of motion was reduced in these patients in comparison to the control group, and it was less on the involved side than on the uninvolved side.ConclusionThe results of this study revealed a dysfunctional breathing pattern in normal and deep breathing and a unilateral reduction in diaphragmatic excursion on the side of radiculopathy in patients with unilateral CR compared to the control group.