Talon Cusp Research Articles

Dental morphological and metric characteristics in contemporary and historical population of Târgu Mureș

Teeth, as an integral part of human organism, are not exceptions from the physical anthropology changes caused by biological evolution and the way of living. Different stress factors and the natural selection are contributing to the emphasis of certain morphological characteristics. Comparison of dental metric characteristics and the presence of accessory tooth cusps between human remains from the Middle Ages and dental study models of today's patients. Morphological characteristics of 132 teeth from 19 skulls and 694 teeth on dental models of 30 patients were examined. The mesiodistal, incisivocervical and buccolingual diameters of crowns were measured by a validated 2D image analysis method. Carabelli and talon cusps were also examined using a magnifying glass. Statistically significant differences between the size of the 14th-century and the present-day teeth were found in some of the teeth groups. In medieval artifacts, lateral teeth had smaller crown width than teeth measured in the contemporary population. The Carabelli cusps found in the archeological human remains belonged to grades 1 and 3 on Dahlberg scale (23.07%), while the Carabelli cusps observed in the contemporary group belonged to grades 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (50.90%). Talon cusp occurred only once in the contemporary group. In case of the contemporary teeth, the Carabelli cusps appeared in a more pronounced morphological form and with a higher frequency, which emphasizes the European origin of today's population. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(30): 1235-1240.

Occurrence of Type III Dens Invaginatus and Type I Talon Cusp in Maxillary Lateral Incisor: A Rare Case Report

Occurrence of Type III Dens Invaginatus and Type I Talon Cusp in Maxillary Lateral Incisor: A Rare Case Report

Selected dental anomalies in Ramadi population (Clinical and radiographic survey)

The form, size, shade and time of eruption of teeth in humans show very wide variation among different population and some times within the same population. Anomalies like Dilaceration, Taurodontism and recently Talon cusp were a subject for a large number of studies, Studies related to such anomalies in our community are very little and for this reason, this current research is carried out to provide a quick view on the prevalence of these anomalies in our community. The sample of this research composed of 1908 teeth from them the prevalence of the selected dental anomalies were recorded. The results showed that the prevalence of these anomalies where found to be 7.52 % in the maxillary teeth and 7.35% in the mandibular teeth and these anomalies were more frequent in molars and lateral incisors than other teeth.

Endodontic management of Type 2 dens in dente (DI) with talons cusp (DE): A rare case report

Dens invaginatus (DI or dens in dente) and Talons cusp or dens evaginatus are relatively rare developmental anomalies which affect the shape of teeth. DI is a deep surface invagination of the crown or root which is commonly detected on routine radiographic examination. Talon cusp is an additional cusp that projects predominately from the lingual surface of anterior teeth. These anomalies most commonly may be observed in the maxillary lateral tooth. Concurrently, the coexistence of these two anomalies in a single tooth is considered extremely rare. However, still in literature, there are a few reports cases available. This article is a case report of Talons cusp with DI involving maxillary lateral incisors in a 16-year-old patient.

A unique case of nonsyndromic concomitant hypodontia and multiple supernumerary teeth with talon cusps

The simultaneous presence of hypodontia and hyperdontia is a rare condition in general population posing a diagnostic dilemma to dental practitioners. Its etiology is still not exactly known. It can result in several clinical problems which may require a multidisciplinary approach and long-term dental care. The growing knowledge about this condition emphasizes that concomitant anomalies should be excluded when hypodontia or hyperdontia is diagnosed. Presented here is an unusual case of bimaxillary concomitant hypodontia and multiple supernumerary teeth with Talon cusps as an associated dental anomaly.

Primary Fused Teeth and Findings in Permanent Dentition

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of primary fused teeth (PFT) and their effect on permanent dentition in a group of Turkish children. Subjects and Methods: Dental records of 13,450 pediatric patients who attended the Pediatric Dental Clinic in northern Turkey between 2015 and 2017 were reviewed. Forty patients had been diagnosed with PFT and were included in the study. Clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted, and the distribution of PFT was calculated by type, sex, affected jaw, associated dental anomalies, and clinical complications. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 50 PFT were detected in the 40 patients. The mean age of patients was 6.7 ± 0.3 years (range 3–10 years). The most common PFT were the mandibular lateral incisors and canines (34, 68%). The most prevalent type of PFT was type III (20, 40%). Of the 40 patients with PFT, 34 (85%) also ex­hibited other dental anomalies such as tooth aplasia, peg-shaped incisors, talon cusps, ectopic eruption, and delayed eruption in both related and unrelated areas. The most common complications of PFT were fusion-related tooth aplasia (n = 26 [76%]) and caries formation in the affected teeth (24 [48%]). Conclusion: In this study, PFT were frequently observed in the mandibular anterior region. Caries formation and dental anomalies, especially permanent tooth aplasia, were often encountered in areas where PFT were seen. Hence, parents should be informed about possible dental problems associated with PFT and be encouraged to schedule regular follow-up appointments.

Twin talon cusp - A case report with review of literature

Twin talon cusp - A case report with review of literature

Dodatkowy guzek talon na powierzchni wargowej kła żuchwy – opis rzadkiego przypadku

Talon cusp is an unusual abnormality characterized by a cusp-like projection that occurs due to the evagination of enamel and dentin with a variable amount of pulp tissue before calcification, usually present on the cingulum area on the palatal and lingual surface of the anterior teeth. The maxillary lateral incisors are most often affected, followed by the maxillary central incisors in both primary and permanent dentition. The etiology is unknown. This developmental anomaly is rare on the facial surfaces of mandibular canines and very few cases have been reported. When it occurs on the facial surface, it usually affects the esthetics and functioning. The present case report describes an unusual case of a facial talon cusp on a permanent mandibular left canine in a 12-year-old girl. To date, only 1 such case has been reported to our knowledge and it requires careful dental and radiographic examination of the affected patient since the findings can be of clinical significance.

Twin Talons Cusp: A Case Report with Review of Literature

Talon cusp is one developmental anomaly of tooth that shows varied presentation as mentioned in the literature. The occurrence of talon cusp in the palatal aspect of the maxillary teeth has been the most common of all. These cases tend to occur due to hyperactivity of the enamel organ. The occurrence of this developmental defect in turn can lead to alteration in normal structure and function of the tooth. Hereby, we are reporting a rare occurrence of twin talon's cusp involving the palatal aspect of maxillary central incisor.

Selective Reduction of Talon Cusps- A Case Series.

Patients referred to the Dublin Dental University Hospital for treatment of talon cusps were identified, contacted and consent obtained. Clinical notes, photographs and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed. Eleven patients with 14 talon cusps were identified. The age ranged from 8-15 with a mean of 11 years. Four teeth had radical talon cusp reduction carried out and 10 teeth underwent selective reduction. Follow up ranged from 3-66 months. Technical information from these cases was used to devise a protocol for selective reduction. Selective reduction is a valuable technique for managing talon cusps. It is a conservative approach which can be employed before an incisor has reached maturity and is acceptable in young children.

Unilateral Talon Cusp on Primary Lateral incisor in a three-year-old Libyan Girl: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Talon cusp is an uncommon dental anomaly; it is a cusp-like projection appears usually on the palatal surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth in both deciduous and permanent teeth. Case report: A threeyear-old Libyan girl seeks the dentist for carious anterior teeth. On examination: asymptomatic talon cusp on the palatal side of tooth 52 was found. Discussion: Talon cusp is more common in permanent dentition than primary dentition, and is relatively rare in primary maxillary lateral Incisor comparing with the primary maxillary central incisors. Conclusion: Talon cusp is asymptomatic, but it could affect esthetic or interfere with occlusion, and might be a sign for a developmental anomaly in its permanent successors, so early diagnosis and management are important.

Prevalence of dental developmental anomalies of permanent teeth in children and their influence on esthetics.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental developmental anomalies in permanent teeth and their influence on esthetics. The records of 473 subjects, which comprised of orthopantomograms, clinical examination, and anamnestic data, were explored for dental developmental anomalies. Subjects with dental anomalies completed the modified questionnaire. Data on reasons for seeking the treatment as well as factors affecting the patients' satisfaction were collected. The data were processed using the Chi-square test. It was found that 79 subjects (16.7%) had at least 1 dental developmental anomaly. The most common anomalies were hypodontia (7.2%), followed by talon cusps (3.4%), and microdontia (2.5%). Hypodontia, microdontia, and talon cusps were found more prevalent in females than males, whereas hyperdontia and macrodontia were more common in males. The reason for dissatisfaction with their smile in most cases was due to missing teeth or spacing between anterior teeth (excess space 2.9 mm ± 1.1 mm), followed by crowding of anterior teeth (lack of space 3.1 mm ± 0.8mm), difficulty maintaining oral hygiene and midline asymmetry (1.8 mm ± 0.9 mm). All subjects were treated using a fixed orthodontic appliance and 30 (37.9%) of them had additional dental specialists included to achieve good esthetics and function. Overall, 92.4% of subjects were satisfied with their resulting appearance after treatment. Dental developmental anomalies are clinically evident abnormalities. They may be the cause of various dental problems and can influence esthetics and the development of orthodontic problems. This paper evaluates the distribution of dental developmental anomalies and their influence on esthetics and function. Careful observation and appropriate investigation are required to diagnose the condition and institute treatment. The therapeutic approach to some dental anomalies should be interdisciplinary.

Talon cusp on palatally erupted mesiodens

Talon cusp is an accessory cusp-like structure or an extra cusp on an anterior tooth arising as a result of evagination on the surface of the crown before calcification has occurred. The cusp is composed of normal enamel and dentin containing varying extensions of pulp tissue. It is associated with few developmental anomalies such as peg laterals, dens invaginatus, and mesiodens. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth located in the premaxillary central incisor region which is supplemental or rudimentary type. Association of mesiodens with talon cusp is a rare occurrence with 25 cases reported. The presence of Talon cusp or a supernumerary tooth – mesiodens – leads to clinical implications such as poor esthetics, crowding, rotations, and also occlusal discrepancies. In this report, we present a case report of an 18-year-old male having a talon cusp on palatally erupted mesiodens.

Prevalence of Dental Developmental Anomalies in Patients Attending a Faculty of Dentistry in Ajman, United Arab Emirates

Objective: To determine the prevalence of dental developmental anomalies among patients visiting the dental clinics at Ajman University, United Arab Emirates. Material and Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 425 digital panoramic radiographs. The study sample included people in the United Arab Emirates who have visited the outpatient dental clinics at the Faculty of Dentistry, at Ajman University. These OPGs have been evaluated for the presence of dental anomalies such as: Macrodontia, Microdontia, Talon cusp, Taurodontism, Dilaceration, Ectopic Eruption, Supernumerary teeth or roots, Fusion, Gemination, and Concrescense. Results: 80.7% had at least 1 anomaly, with the maximum of 5 anomalies presented in 1.2% of the sample. Dilacerations were the most commonly identified anomaly (61.4%), followed by missing third molars (22.8%), and Ectopic Eruption (15.5%) where (12.9%) of this anomaly has affected the maxillary canines. Hypercementosis (10.2%) followed by Microdontia (4.6%), which was mostly seen in the Upper laterals. Taurodontism accounted for (4.1%), Macrodontia (2.3%) and Talon cusp (2.3%). Gemination, Dens Invaginatus, and Concrescence were separately present in 1.1%, each one, of the cases observed. Conclusion: Variations in data and results among different studies suggest the impact of racial, genetic and environmental factors. The high frequency of dental anomalies emphasize the need of early detection and diagnosis which can be achieved through radiographic imaging, this would aid in further awareness to minimize any means of complexity in dental problems.

A rare co-occurrence of facial talon's cusp on fused maxillary permanent central and lateral incisor

Fusion is a developmental anomaly of dental hard tissues characterised by the union of two adjacent teeth. It can be complete or incomplete and commonly seen in deciduous than in the permanent dentition with higher frequency in anterior maxillary regions. Talon’s cusp is an unusual cuspal projection from the lingual aspect of the tooth with normal enamel and dentin and varying degree of pulp tissue. It commonly affects the permanent maxillary lateral incisors followed by central incisors and canines. Talon cusp is mostly found on the lingual aspect of teeth and rarely it projects from the facial aspect. We hereby report a case of fusion of permanent left central and lateral incisor with facial talon cusp which is rarely reported.

Prevalence of dental anomalies in deciduous dentition and its association with succedaneous dentition: A cross-sectional study of 4180 South Indian children.

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dental anomalies in primary dentition of Indian population. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 4180 children in the age of 2-6 years. Anomalies were classified based on Kreiborg criteria. The term "double tooth" was used to avoid misinterpretation between gemination. and fusion. Patients having radiographs were also examined for associated dental anomalies in permanent dentition. The occurrence and gender prevalence were evaluated using descriptive statistics. About 95. (2.27%) children exhibited at least one dental anomaly. Thirty.seven children showed 51 missing teeth. (0.88%), mostly in lower right incisors with a statistically significant difference between arches. (P = 0.0056) Nine children. (0.21%) had supernumerary teeth commonly in the right maxilla. Two cases of oligodontia. (0.04%) and talon cusps. (0.04%) and one case of triple tooth. (0.02%) were observed. Forty children. (0.95%) had 43 double teeth mostly in the right mandible with a statistically significant difference between the arches. (P = 0.0105). No significant difference was observed based on gender and arch, but they were statistically significant between the right and left sides. (P = 0.018). Among the children with radiographs available, 45% showed anomalies in the succedaneous dentition. The prevalence rates of children with double tooth, hypodontia, and hyperdontia in our study are 0.95%, 0.88%, and 0.21%, respectively. The overall prevalence rate of anomalies among boys was higher than girls.

Impacted Maxillary Canine Prevalence and Its Association with Other Dental Anomalies in a Mexican Population

Objective. We quantified the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines (IMC) and their association with other dental anomalies (DAs). Materials and Methods. A retrospective study was done with 860 patients 12 to 39 years of age. The prevalence of IMC was calculated and compared by sex. The sample was divided into a control group and an impaction group, and the prevalence was calculated in both for a series of anomalies: agenesis, supernumerary teeth, shape anomalies of the upper laterals (microdontia, peg and barrel shape, and talon cusp), fusion, gemination, other impacted teeth, transposition, and amelogenesis imperfecta. The prevalence values for both groups were compared (Pearson's χ2 test, p ≤ 0.05). Results. IMC were present in 6.04% of the sample with no difference by sex (p = 0.540). Other DAs occurred in 51.92% of the IMC group and in 20.17% of the controls (p < 0.05). Significant associations (p < 0.05) were identified between IMC and four other DAs: microdontia, barrel shape, other impacted teeth, and transposition. The prevalence of all anomalies was lower in the control group. Conclusion. IMC were seen in 6.04% of patients. Patients with this condition also had a higher prevalence of other DAs. These other anomalies should be used as risk indicators for early diagnosis.

Talon Cusp with Double Tooth in Primary Dentition: A Rare Entity

Talon Cusp with Double Tooth in Primary Dentition: A Rare Entity

Dental Anomalies in Permanent Teeth and the Associated Etiological Factors among Fifteen Years-Old Students in Basrah City, Iraq

Background: Dental anomalies of teeth are major issue that contributes to dental problems encountered in general practice. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of dental anomalies and the associated etiological factors among 15 years old students in Basrah city –Iraq. Materials and methods: The total sample composed of 1000 students (435 males and 565 females) from urban area selected randomly from different high schools in the city. Diagnosis of dental anomalies were recorded by present or absent, diagnosis and recording of enamel defects were done according to the criteria of WHO (1997). Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 4.6%, Females have higher prevalence than males (5.8% females and 3.0% males), talon cusp prevalence was 37.0% (males 38.6% and females 35.8%), the prevalence of microdontia was 1.4% (males were equal to females 1.4%), the prevalence of supernumerary teeth, fusion, macrodontia and gemination was 0.8%, 0.7%, 0.1% and 0.1% respectively. The prevalence of enamel defects was 30.5%, demarcated opacities prevalence was 23.8%, it is the most prevalent type of enamel defects (males 20.5% and females 26.4%) followed by diffuse opacities 9.1% then enamel hypoplasia 0.4%. Conclusion: This study revealed that secondary school students have dental anomalies, some of them with high prevalence, while other has very low prevalence

Multidisciplinary Aesthetic Dental Treatment; Peg lateral with Congenitally Maxillary lateral Incisors

Maxillary lateral incisors vary in form more than any other tooth in the mouth except the third molars. If the variation is too great, it is considered a developmental anomaly. Developmental alterations which are most commonly associated with maxillary lateral incisors either unilaterally or bilaterally are microdontia, hypodontia, dens invaginatus and dens evaginatus (talon cusp). Microdontia is a condition where the teeth are smaller than the normal size, which may involve all the teeth or be limited to a single tooth or a group of teeth. However, involvement of single tooth is a rather common condition, especially involving maxillary lateral incisor. Microdontia of maxillary lateral incisor is called as lateral, that exhibit converging mesial and distal surfaces of crown forming a cone like shape. The root on such a tooth is usually shorter than usual. In this article, a case is reported of a young patient with one congenitally missing and one peg shaped lateral incisor. The patient was treated with a combination of orthodontics, periodontal surgery and aesthetic restorative dentistry interventions. Keywords: Maxillary lateral incisors, Developmental anomaly, Peg lateral; Hypodontia,Dental implant, Aesthetics