Penicillium Rugulosum Research Articles

2,2'-dimethoxy-4a,4a'-dehydrorugulosin (rugulin), a minor metabolite from Penicillium rugulosum.

A new metabolite was isolated from the culture of Penicillium rugulosum and its structure was determined from physico-chemical data. Accompanying metabolites skyrin and rugulosin were characterized by UV, IR, CD, mass and NMR spectra.

Production of alkaloids and related substances by fungi. XIV. On the mechanism for the formation of indole alkaloids in Penicillium concavo-rugulosum.

Experiments on the biosynthesis and microbiological conversion of indole alkaloids in Penicillium concavo-rugulosum were carried out with the growing and resting mycelia, respectively, of a selected strain of the same mold. The former experiments were performed by the use of DL-tryptophan-3-14C or DL-mevalonic acid-2-14C-lactone as a precursor, while the latter experiments by the use of rugulovasine A-3H, dihydrorugulovasine A-3H, 4-[γ, γ-dimethylallyl]-tryptophan-3H, chanoclavine-[I]-3H or the other tritilated ergoline alkaloids. The results of these experiments suggested that in the Penicillium mold employed there exist the following biosynthetic route: tryptophan+mevalonic acid→4-[γ, γ-dimethylallyl]-tryptophan→rugulovasine A→dihydrorugulovasine A→dihydrorugulovasine A-lactam.

Isolation and characterization of luteoskyrin and rugulosin, two hepatotoxic anthraquinonoids from Penicillium islandicum Sopp. and Penicillium rugulosum Thom.

Isolation and characterization of luteoskyrin and rugulosin, two hepatotoxic anthraquinonoids from Penicillium islandicum Sopp. and Penicillium rugulosum Thom.

Microbial assay of hepatotoxic anthraquinones with Escherichia coli F-11.

In order to find out the method for a biological detection of luteoskyrin, a hepatotoxic anthraquinone of Penicillium islandicum Sopp, we investigated the inhibitory effect of mycotoxins on the growth rate of Escherichia coli F-11 and Q-13. The results were summerized as follows ; 1) 0.4 μg/ml of (-)-luteoskyrin or 1.5 μg/ml of (+)-rugulosin, hepatotoxic anthra-quinoes of Penicillium islandicum Sopp or Penicillium rugulosum, caused the 50% inhibition of the growth of E. coli F-11, an actinomycin D sensitive mutant derived from E. coli Q-13, without affecting the parent type. 2) 2-5 μg/ml of patulin, (-)-rugulosin and penicillic acid inhibited the both bacteria. 3) Sporidesmin, flavoskyrin, catenarin and emodin inhibited slightly E. coli F-11. 4) No inhibition was observed with chlorine-containing peptide, islandicin, ascradiol, nivalenol, fusarenon-X, rubratoxin B, aflatoxin B or citrinin. 5) E. coli F-11 is considered to be a simple tool for the microbial assay of the hepatotoxic luteoskyrin or rugulosin contaminated in fungi-polluted cereal grains or foodstuffs.

Isolation of Chanoclavine-(I) and Two New Interconvertible Alkaloids, Rugulovasine A and B, from the Cultures ofPenicillium concavo-rugulosum

Isolation of Chanoclavine-(I) and Two New Interconvertible Alkaloids, Rugulovasine A and B, from the Cultures of<i>Penicillium concavo-rugulosum</i>

Isolation of Chanoclavine-(I) and Two New Interconvertible Alkaloids, Rugulovasine A and B, from the Cultures of Penicillium concavo-rugulosum

Isolation of Chanoclavine-(I) and Two New Interconvertible Alkaloids, Rugulovasine A and B, from the Cultures of Penicillium concavo-rugulosum

Toxicity of P. rugulosum and P. tardum, Animal Test of Pericle

The following preparation of mold pericle was found to be fatal to the test animal rats.: Surface culture of Penicillium rugulosum and Penicillium tardum on czapek's medium, 50 and 25 gram of obtained pericle dried at 55 to 60°C being mixed per 1 kirogram of basal diet. Both the strength of toxicity resulted the decease of test animal within 10 to 52 days.The main cause of death is found to be kidney disease.