Services In Taiwan Research Articles

Factors Influencing Sustained Use of Shared E-Scooter Services in Urban Taiwan

This study investigates the factors that drive users to sustain their usage of shared electric scooter (e-scooter) services in Taiwan, distinguishing itself from the conventional focus on predicting consumers’ initial adoption and behavioural intentions. It employs subjective rating questions, incorporating constructs related to user acceptance, attitudes and user experience (UX). Through hierarchical regression analysis of quantitative survey data, the study identifies key factors such as users’ modes of transportation, environmental attitudes, acceptance of shared services, attitudes towards private scooters, UX, total usage instances and age. However, reliance on private scooters as a mode of transportation and frequent usage of shared e-scooters negatively impact the sustained usage of these services. The research further highlights early development challenges in shared vehicle services, including concerns over personal data security, user-unfriendly system designs, lack of convenience, inadequate parking infrastructure and ineffective financial incentives. Based on these findings, the study provides recommendations for service providers and government entities to enhance service design and proactively address these challenges. Implementing these recommendations is expected to mitigate the impact of these challenges and potentially improve user acceptance, UX, and the overall sustainability of shared vehicle services.

Using Unsupervised Learning Methods to Explore the Trajectory of Long-Term Care Service in Taiwan

Abstract Background Understanding the temporal trends in long-term care (LTC) utilization enables more effective planning by government and service providers. This study employed machine learning methods to explore LTC utilization trajectories among care recipients in a southern county of Taiwan. Methods Administrative data from the government-funded LTC programme was utilized, with a total of 24,614 participants included after excluding those with less than six months of data. Daily service utilization records, mainly focusing on caregiving services, were aggregated, and the number of days each participant used LTC services within every 30-day period post-application was calculated. Utilization rates during 6 and 12 months post-application were separately analyzed. K-means clustering, an unsupervised machine learning method, was employed to select the optimal classification and identify LTC utilization trajectories using 10-fold cross validation. Temporal frequency variations of each caregiving service within each trajectory group were visualized using heatmaps. Results In the analysis of LTC utilization within the first 6 months post-application, trajectories were classified into 7 groups; while within 12 months, trajectories were divided into 4 groups. These trajectories can be categorized into 4 distinct patterns: High-Stable (6 mo: 21.3%; 12 mo: 35.7%), Low-Stable (6 mo: 33.1%; 12 mo: 37.2%), High-Decrease (6 mo: 12.8%; 12 mo: 10.7%), and Low-Increase (6 mo: 32.7%; 12 mo: 16.5%). We further explored differences in socio-demographic characteristics and needs factors among trajectory groups. Heatmaps were used to illustrate temporal variations in the utilization rates of specific service items, which played a significant role in determining the trajectories. Conclusions K-means clustering is useful in identifying distinct patterns among LTC users. Tailored service delivery strategies can be designed to meet the diverse needs of these different user groups. Key messages • The unsupervised machine learning method distinguished various temporal dynamic patterns in LTC utilization. • Tailored service delivery strategies can be designed to meet the diverse needs of these different user groups.

Enhancement of Marina Service Quality of Yacht Tourism in Taiwan: A Euclidean Distance of Importance-Performance Analysis

In spite of COVID-19 struck tourism industry, the trend of yachting tourism is steadily increasing and provides a way for the tourism industry to resume after the epidemic. Marinas, a vital component of yachting tourism, deeply effects the yacht owners’ satisfactions and the coastal destinations attraction. Since the marina industry in Taiwan is still in its early stages, this study aims to identify ideal service quality standards to enhance competitiveness. With a limited cohort of 69 yacht owners in Taiwan possessing yachts exceeding 20 gross register tonnage (GRT), insights from our research, which engaged perspectives from 50 yacht owners, provide valuable understanding into their satisfaction regarding marina services in Taiwan. As the first study to explore key factors of marina service experience among yacht owners, this study applies importance-performance analysis (IPA) and Euclidean distance to provide the development strategy and improvement priority of Taiwan marina service. Overall, the result from improving IPA technique which adopted Euclidean distance reveal that yacht owners generally thought that the improvement priority of marina service quality is sewage, bilge water, and oil sludge treatment facilities, fueling facilities, high-voltage shore power facilities, land storage space. It is noteworthy that marina managers should embark on improving marina physical facilities as development strategy which highlight the performance of marina service quality for yacht owners and the improvement in those facilities can be developed to either increase the marina competition or to resume tourism industry.

The effectiveness of case management and nursing counselling among caregivers of patients with dementia: A pilot study.

According to the data released by the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2021, in 2019, 235,000 patients sought medical treatment for dementia-related diseases at the National-Health-Insurance-participating hospitals and clinics for more than three outpatient visits or had been hospitalised, and the number had increased by 15,000 from the previous year (Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2021). This implies that families are affected, causing tremendous physical, psychological, and economic pressures and burdens on the caregivers and families of the patient. The estimated social cost of caring for dementia families increased from $1.3 trillion in 2019 to $2.8 trillion in 2030 (World Health Organisation, 2021). Thus, long-term care for the dementia population has become a critical issue in medical care and social services in Taiwan and worldwide. In 2017, Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare has been starting Dementia care policy with 10 years long-term care plan through set up dementia care centre. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of dementia care centre for reducing the burden and improving the quality of life for caregivers of dementia patients. This pilot study adopts a quasi-experimental research design and uses purposive sampling to select in house informal caregivers of dementia patients who are part of a dementia collaborative care programme at a medical centre in the northern region and were willing to participate in this study. Upon enrolment in the study, subjects were given a pre-test, followed by a one-hour face-to-face nursing consultation and assessment after 2weeks. Subsequently, a telephone nursing consultation was conducted once a month for 3months. Two weeks after completing all counselling sessions, a post-test was administered to measure the caregiver burden with The Chinese version of the Caregiver Burden Inventory and the quality of life for caregivers with The 'Chinese Health Questionnaire CHQ-12'. After providing case management and nursing counselling, the total caregiver burden score significantly decreased from an average of 40.1 (SD=21.6) at the pre-test to an average of 38.6 (SD=21.4) at the post-test, reaching statistical significance (p<0.01). The results of this study showed that providing dementia caregivers with case management and nursing consultation services helpsimprove the overall caregiver burden (particularly emotional burden and physical burden) as well as the health questionnaire scores. However, the social burden and time burden did not improve after receiving case management and counselling among caregivers; instead, post-test scores of these aspects were significantly higher.

Examining customer intentions to purchase intelligent robotic products and services in Taiwan using the theory of planned behaviour

BackgroundThe literature for assessing online and offline shopping behaviours that are linked to intelligent robotic goods and services is inadequate. In this study, we applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour model for guidance regarding how consumer behaviour affects their purchase intentions for intelligent robotic goods and services.MethodsData from 408 respondents were gathered through an online questionnaire binned into Online and Overall Shoppers, and analysed using SPSS, AMOS, and Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modelling software to evaluate the appropriateness of the measurements and to confirm data reliability, convergence, divergence, and validity. These tools were also used to track and test hypothesized relationships between the variables and model constructs used in this study.Results and conclusionsThe overarching outcomes from the data analyses indicated the Ease of Usage, Brand Perception, and Product Pricing variables causally impacted the TPB model constructs, namely Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behaviour Control for the two populations tested with respect to their intention to purchase intelligent robotic goods and services. The reliability measurements for Ease of Usage, Brand Perception, and Product Pricing are discussed. The results are important for companies and future investors because opportunities to study the complex relationships that ultimately drive consumer behaviour and their intention to purchase intelligent robotic goods and services are provided.

Association between socioeconomic and motherhood characteristics with receiving community-based treatment services among justice-involved young female drug users: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan

BackgroundDrug-involved individuals who contact treatment services in Taiwan are mostly driven by criminal justice systems either as an alternative or adjunct to criminal sanctions for a drug offence. With a focus on justice-involved young female drug users, the present study examines the extent to which socioeconomic and motherhood characteristics are associated with receiving deferred prosecution, a scheme diverting drug offenders to community-based addiction treatment.MethodsWe identified a cohort of 5869 women under the age of 30 arrested for using Schedule II drugs (primarily amphetamine-like stimulants) from the 2011–2017 National Police Criminal Records in Taiwan. Information concerning socioeconomic characteristics, pregnancy and live birth history, and deferred prosecution was obtained through linkage with the 2006–2019 National Health Insurance, birth registration, and deferred prosecution datasets. Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate the association with stratification by recidivism status.ResultsWithin six months of arrest, 21% of first-time offenders (n = 2645) received deferred prosecution and 23% received correction-based rehabilitation; the corresponding estimates for recidivists (n = 3224) were 6% and 15%, respectively. Among first-time offenders, low/unstable income was associated with lower odds of deferred prosecution (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.88). For recidivists, those with low/unstable income (aOR = 1.58) or unemployment (aOR = 1.58) had higher odds of correction-based rehabilitation; being pregnant at arrest was linked with reduced odds of deferred prosecution (aOR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.71) and correction-based rehabilitation (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.77).ConclusionsFor the young women arrested for drug offences, disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions were generally unfavored by the diversion to treatment in the community. Childbearing upon arrest may lower not only the odds of receiving medical treatment but also correctional intervention. The criminal prosecution policy and process should be informed by female drug offenders’ need for treatment and recovery.

Considerations of Taiwanese Working Carers on Choosing Long-Term Care Services for Relatives with Disabilities

Unpaid carers are a significant support for dependent people with chronic illnesses in most countries. Working carers have specific needs because they face a conflict between employment and care. This study reports on the views of seven working carers in Taiwan to discover the factors they might have considered when arranging publicly funded Long-Term Care (LTC) services for the person they care for to reconcile their work and care. According to the testimony of working carers, the issue of safety for care recipients motivates the application for LTC services. However, LTC services in Taiwan, while affordable, are limited. Working carers have a positive attitude towards home care due to its low price and flexible service time. The constructed barriers to accessing daycare make it difficult for families to use daycare, even though it may be the most suitable service for care recipients. The findings have implications for improvements in LTC services. They show that an extension of opening hours of daycare is needed to meet the employment needs of working carers and that care skill training should be offered for providers of LTC services.

UAV Detect and Avoid from UTM-Dependent Surveillance

A hierarchical unmanned aircraft system (UAS) traffic management (UTM) system has deployed 45 ground transceiver stations (GTS) for UAS services in Taiwan. This UTM system covers most areas for UAV-dependent surveillance using ADS-B Like technology. UTM Controller can monitor all UAV flights under transparent surveillance in low airspace. Controller-initiated UAV “detect and avoid” (DAA) mechanism assists UAV separation to ensure flight safety on UTM for small multirotor UAVs. From similar concept to traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) for the manned aircraft system, the UTM software executes DAA functions to generate approach alerts to UTM Controller. Conflict is detected by heading arrow extrapolation from multiple approaching UAVs by their time to conflict (TTC) on icons. Traffic advisory (TA) and resolution advisory (RA) are pronounced on UTM console to controllers. The less priority UAV pilot will receive the controller-pilot communication (CPC) to perform avoidance resolution. In UTM, the surveillance data period is broadcasting at 5~8 seconds on LoRa (long-range wide-area network) chip. Referring to TA=48 seconds and RA=24 seconds, the signal delay in ADS-B Like system to UTM server is about 0.5 seconds and CPC response is measured about 3~5 seconds. From real flight tests, the RA is enough for the less priority pilot to maneuver UAV for avoidance. From real flight tests, the proposed DAA mechanism based on UTM-dependent surveillance is feasible to resolve multiple approaches. The developing UTM system using ADS-B Like technology is also examined of high availability with redundant reliability and performance stability for flight safety.

Sign language support in an inclusive environment: Educational sign language interpreting services in Taiwan

ABSTRACT Educational sign language interpreting services (SLIS) are vital for ensuring equal access to classroom information for mainstreamed deaf students. This study conducted interviews with 12 stakeholders, including deaf students and their parents, sign language interpreters, and resource room teachers, to comprehensively explore the status of educational SLIS in Taiwan, utilising the ecological systems theory as the framework. The findings underscore the critical importance of deaf students’ sign language proficiency in the personal system. Sign language interpreters play a crucial role in enhancing their skills through additional time and support, leading to improved learning, motivation, and attitudes. At the microsystem level, parents of deaf students are key persons in advocating for the SLIS of primary school, while resource room teachers assist at the university level during the application process. In the mesosystem, interpreter stability is crucial for parents and students. Close collaboration between sign language interpreters and teachers is essential for adjusting teaching methods and seating arrangements, and interpreters should possess qualities like enthusiasm, patience, and an understanding of students’ psychological development. At the exosystem level, higher education institutions offer established systems for educational SLIS, but primary schools lack clear regulations. Budget constraints limit comprehensive provision, making it challenging to attract qualified professionals. Increased funding and improved incentives are necessary. In the macrosystem, deaf parents expect early intervention with sign language learning resources to create a conducive environment for early sign language acquisition.

Customer’s orientation, show-rooming Behavior, and Sales Performance: Mediated Moderation model of Taiwan's services industry

Customer’s orientation, show-rooming Behavior, and Sales Performance: Mediated Moderation model of Taiwan's services industry

User-centered care, engagement, and user’s orientation preference in postpartum care of quality: practitioner-postpartum women interdependence mediation analysis

Postpartum or “zuo yue zi” services are well-received among Chinese communities such as Taiwan, China, Singapore, and Malaysia. The postpartum services provided by the confinement center or one-month home confinement are designed to support the needs of postpartum women and to help in regaining their health. The goal of this research was to analyse the impact of postpartum women-centered care towards the quality of the postpartum care. Engagement was proposed as the mediating variable to investigate whether postpartum women-centered care can drive the postpartum women’s engagement and, eventually, improve the quality of care. In addition, patient-practitioner orientation preference was tested whether it moderates the relationship between postpartum women-centered behavior and quality of care. 80 female participants who had the experience of using postpartum service in Taiwan were recruited. The analysis results showed that postpartum women-centered care had significant and positive effect on quality of care. Meanwhile, the mediating effect of postpartum women engagement and the moderating effect of orientation preference were not significant.

Emergency Medical Services in Taiwan: Past, Present, and Future.

This review assessed the development of Taiwan's emergency medical services (EMS) and focused on the optimizing initiatives of the EMS systems, the current state of Taiwan's EMS system, EMS benchmarks in different regions of Taiwan, EMS response during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and future design. In the past decade, there has been a noticeable increase in prehospital services, numerous optimizing initiatives to improve patient prognosis, and the medical oversight model. Taiwan's current EMS system, including the dispatch system, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patient management, time-sensitive critical illness in prehospital settings, and disaster response, has undergone significant improvements. These improvements have been demonstrated to have a measurable impact on patient outcomes, as supported by medical literature. Each region in Taiwan has developed a unique EMS system with local characteristics, such as the implementation of the Global Resuscitation Alliance 10 steps for OHCA-related quality control, hearing automated external defibrillator program, a five-level prehospital triage system, an island-hopping strategy for patients with major trauma, dispatcher-assisted teamwork for OHCA resuscitation, and optimized prehospital care for acute coronary syndrome patients. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 to 2023, Taiwan's EMS implemented measures to combat the outbreak such as interagency collaboration to obtain patient's personal information, to optimize prehospital management initiatives, and to provide financial compensation and personal insurance for emergency medical technicians. The areas that need focus include integrating prehospital and in-hospital information to build a national-level database (One-Stop Emergency Management), increasing public awareness of first responders and emergency casualty care, and evolving the EMS system by incorporating private EMS system, initiating school-based education of paramedicine, and legally recognizing paramedics as medical and health care personnel. By improving these areas, we can better prepare for the future and ensure that Taiwan's EMS system continues to provide high-quality care to those in need.

Uptake of genetic testing among patients seeking cancer genetic counseling in Taiwan.

Genetic testing is becoming increasingly available and affordable. Understanding the reasons for individual decisions about genetic testing may assist in the identification of clinically appropriate use of genetic counseling and genetic testing resources. With the ongoing development of cancer genetic counseling services in Taiwan, we conducted this study to understand the characteristics of those seeking cancer genetic counseling and genetic testing and the predictors for undergoing genetic testing after counseling. Cross-sectional with correlational design was used in this study. Surveys completed by patients visiting the genetic counseling clinic at the cancer center included demographics, personal and family history of cancer, and questions on attitudes toward genetic counseling and genetic testing. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the predictors of decision to undergo genetic testing. A total of 120 participants between the years 2018 and 2021 were analyzed, of which 54.2% were referred by health care professionals. The majority (76.7%) had a personal history of cancer and 50% had breast cancer. Over half (53.3%) had a strong family history of cancer defined as two or more 1st-degree relatives having cancer at a young age. Only 35.8% decided to receive genetic testing right after counseling and 47.5% were undecided. The main reason for hesitation or not pursuing testing was cost (41.4%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a positive attitude toward genetic counseling was significantly associated with the uptake of genetic testing (Odds ratio 7.60, 95% CI 2.34-24.66, p < 0.001). Given the significant number of individuals undecided about genetic testing after counseling, decision aid could be developed to support genetic counseling and increase satisfaction with the testing decision.

Operation, development, opportunities and challenges of a human library in Taiwan

PurposeHuman libraries are special libraries that give access to real persons known as “human books.” Readers “check out” human books by attending reading sessions organized by the human library. The majority of previous studies focus on reporting the achievement of human libraries, especially on reducing prejudice and promoting social inclusion. There is a dearth of research to investigate how a human library serves and interacts with society. In this regard, this study aims at examining the operation, development, opportunities and challenges of the New Taipei City Human Library (NTCHL), the first and largest human library in Taiwan.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a triangulation methodology to collect and analyze a multitude of data. Participatory observation intends to understand the operation of the NTCHL. In-depth interview is conducted to collect the opinions of the staff of the NTCHL to identify the challenges and opportunities of the human library. Content analysis on relevant documents is performed to review the development and performance of the NTCHL.FindingsResults indicate that the NTCHL has successfully developed a good collection of human books. The NTCHL not only provides an alternative channel of learning, but also helps build connections between community members. The number of book loans and readers has substantially increased since NTCHL' inception, indicating an increasing demand for human library services in Taiwan. While the NTCHL strives for providing readers with better and diversified services, the issues of limited involvement and commitment of human books, heavy workload and the difficulty to establish a good collection of human books need to be addressed.Research limitations/implicationsThis study investigates a human library in Taiwan, but human libraries in different places are different in some aspects because those human libraries' social contexts are different. Future studies are recommended to compare the similarities and differences between different human libraries systematically. Furthermore, this study identifies the benefits of the human library but human library's effectiveness is not quantified and evaluated. Future studies may conduct quantitative assessments to fill the research gap.Practical implicationsHuman libraries must strive for providing better and diversified services to readers, but there are implications for workload and administration. The experience of the NTCHL may cast light on the future development of human libraries in Taiwan and other countries around the world.Social implicationsThis study shows that the NTCHL has brought a couple of benefits to the society of Taiwan. First, the NTCHL provides readers with an alternative experience of reading. This is an effective way to transmit informal or tacit knowledge. Second, building connections between community members was another benefit of the NTCHL. As modern people are becoming more accustomed to virtual life on the internet which suppresses interpersonal communication, the NTCHL represents an effective platform for communication and sharing of interpersonal experiences.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study is the use of triangulation methodology to investigate the operation, development, opportunities and challenges of the first and largest human library in Taiwan. The findings of this study may cast light on the future development of human libraries in Taiwan and other countries.

Barriers to Telemedicine Adoption during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Comparison of Perceived Risks by Socioeconomic Status Correlates

Telemedicine is the use of technology to deliver healthcare services from a distance. In some countries, telemedicine became popular during the COVID-19 pandemic. Its increasing popularity provides new research opportunities to unveil users' perceptions toward its adoption and continued use. Existing studies have provided limited information and understanding of Taiwanese users and the various sociodemographic factors that influence their intention to use telemedicine services. Thus, the goals of this study were twofold: identifying the dimensions of perceived risks of telemedicine services in Taiwan and providing specific responses to those perceptions as well as determining strategies to promote telemedicine to local policymakers and influencers by providing a better understanding of the perceived risks in relation to socioeconomic status. We collected 1000 valid responses using an online survey and found performance risk to be the main barrier, which was followed by psychological, physical, and technology risks. Older adults with lower levels of education are less likely to use telemedicine services compared to other categories because of multiple perceived risks, including social and psychological concerns. Understanding the differences in perceived risks of telemedicine services by socioeconomic status may aid in identifying the actions required to overcome barriers and may consequently improve adoption of the technology and user satisfaction.

Survival and characteristics of older adults receiving home-based medical care: A nationwide analysis in Taiwan.

In Taiwan, the National Health Insurance Administration initiated the integrated home-based medical care (iHBMC) program in 2016 to improve accessibility to health care for homebound patients. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of older people receiving iHBMC services in Taiwan as well as the relationship between patient characteristics and survival. All older adults registered in the iHBMC application dataset were enrolled between March 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018. Data on social determinants of health (income level, residential area), functional status, consciousness status, nasogastric tube or urinary catheter placement, and major diseases were retrieved from the database. Data on the frequency of multidisciplinary team members' visits were collected. The survival rate was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox proportional hazards univariate regression was conducted to analyze factors influencing survival rates. A total of 41,079 patients aged ≥65 years were enrolled in iHBMC services. The results showed that the one-year survival rates were 72.1%, 67.4%, and 14.7% in the home-based primary care (HBPC), home-based primary care plus (HBPC-Plus), and home-based palliative care (HBPalC), respectively. Nearly two-thirds of the HBPC-Plus patients underwent nasogastric tube placement. The Cox proportional hazards univariate regression analysis showed that a low urbanization level, a low income level, a low functional status, and an impaired consciousness status were significant predictors of poor survival after adjustment for confounding variables. Older adults receiving iHBMC services had a high mortality rate. The high rate of feeding tube use indicated that education and support for both clinical practitioners and family caregivers regarding careful hand feeding are warranted. There was a relationship between low income levels and poor survival in rural areas. Further research on whether social care could impact prognosis should be considered.

Utilization of inpatient ophthalmology services in Taiwan—A nationwide population study

BackgroundThis study attempted to illustrate the demographic of inpatient eye careservice from 1997 to 2011 in Taiwan, and also the ophthalmic disease landscape and utilization change over time. These insights might apply to resource allocation planning and trainees’ better understandings of ophthalmic inpatient practice.MethodsThis study utilized Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Admission records of eye service that occurred since 1997 and until 2011 were included. Records were separated into operative and non-operative. The records were further divided according to their time: a group of early time before 2006 and a late one after 2006.ResultsPatients’ mean age were 56 and 44 years for operative and non-operative records. The sex ratio (male to female) was 1.3, and the average of admission duration was 4 days. The average spending was around 1000 United State Dollars per admission and a gradually upgoing trend was also noted. The number of inpatient eye services decreased over time, from 3,248 to 2,174 in the studied period. Cases admitted for operation primarily underwent cataract surgery, vitrectomy, and scleral buckling during the studied period. Trabeculectomy emerged as another major indication of admission during the later time. Cases admitted for non-operative management were primarily corneal ulcer, glaucoma, and infection, including orbital cellulitis and lid abscess. Corneal ulcers made up a major proportion of admission records in the non-operative group during both periods.ConclusionsThis study described the demographics of inpatient eye service in Taiwan. Ophthalmologist, especially trainees, and officials could make better policies according to the presented results in this study.

The methodology to estimate the demand and supply of national psychiatric services in Taiwan from 2005 to 2030.

The transformation from institutionalization to community-based mental healthcare may increase the difficulty of psychiatric workforce estimation and change the role of psychiatrists in hospitals and private clinics. This study aimed to estimate the growth and forecast psychiatric services in hospitals and private clinics in Taiwan from 2005 to 2030. We first examined the correlation between the number of psychiatrists and several indicators of psychiatric services. The forecast of the national demand for psychiatrists was based on projected outpatient psychiatrist visits from historical data. We also estimated the supply of psychiatrists by the number of psychiatrists practicing in hospitals or private clinics from Taiwan's Medical Affairs System and examined the supply and demand of the psychiatrist workforce through 2030. Outpatient visit was the most relevant indicator of psychiatric services to psychiatrist workforce. Growth rates in private clinics were higher than the hospital counterparts within the following decade (172.3 % vs. 37.7 %) and in the following decade (42.3 % vs. 13.3 %). The hospital-clinic disparity in the growth of psychiatric services also reflects the shortage of psychiatrists in private clinics but not in hospitals through 2030. The supply of 1158 psychiatrists in hospitals would nearly equal the clinical-based demand of 1156 psychiatrists in 2030. By contrast, the supply of 514 psychiatrists in private clinics would be lower than the clinical-based demand of 636 psychiatrists in 2030. The hospital-clinic disparity in the growth of psychiatric services reflects the transformation from hospital-based to community-based mental healthcare in Taiwan.

Revisiting Pioneering Thinkers and Ideas of Public Television Service in Taiwan During Media Reform Era: A Memorial Article on the Academic Thoughts and Practices of Chuen-Fa Chuang, Jia-Ching Pan, and Thomas C. Lee

Revisiting Pioneering Thinkers and Ideas of Public Television Service in Taiwan During Media Reform Era: A Memorial Article on the Academic Thoughts and Practices of Chuen-Fa Chuang, Jia-Ching Pan, and Thomas C. Lee

Applying the DEMATEL Method to Evaluate Social Media Criteria in Promoting Sustainable Health Behavior—A Case Study of Vegetarian Diet Promotion by a Non-Profit Organization

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the determinants of the success of social media health promotion by non-profit organizations. Based on a literature review, fourteen criteria were considered in the study. A questionnaire was administered to seventeen respondents working with a non-profit organization involved in healthcare services in Taiwan. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to evaluate the causal relationships among the proposed factors. The results indicated that user-friendliness, word of mouth, and security mechanisms are some of the key causal factors. In addition, cultural consideration, emotional connection, using the same language and tone, and mobilization are among the key effect factors. The findings provide non-profit healthcare organizations with insights about how they can better implement health promotion on social media. The study also provides an original contribution by examining the success criteria of social media health promotion using the DEMATEL method.