Tagging Jets Research Articles

Jets associated with Z0 boson production in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC

The heavy ion program at the LHC will present unprecedented opportunities to probe hot QCD matter, that is, the quark gluon plasma (QGP). Among these exciting new probes are high energy partons associated with the production of a Z0 boson, or Z0 tagged jets. Once produced, Z0 bosons are essentially unaffected by the strongly interacting medium produced in heavy-ion collisions, and therefore provide a powerful signal of the initial partonic energy and subsequent medium induced partonic energy loss. When compared with theory, experimental measurements of Z0 tagged jets will help quantify the jet quenching properties of the QGP and discriminate between different partonic energy loss formalisms. In what follows, I discuss the advantages of tagged jets over leading particles, and present preliminary results of the production and suppression of Z0 tagged jets in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at LHC energies using the Guylassy-Levai-Vitev (GLV) partonic energy loss formalism.

Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to Higgs production at a future lepton-proton collider

Crucial information on the coupling of the Higgs boson to bottom quarks is expected from Higgs production in association with a forward tagging jet at a future high-energy lepton-proton collider. In order to control the theoretical uncertainties of the signal process, the impact of radiative corrections has to be quantified. We present the full next-to-leading order QCD corrections to e- p -> e- j H and e- p -> nu_e j H in the form of a flexible Monte-Carlo program allowing for the calculation of cross sections and kinematic distributions within experimentally feasible selection cuts. QCD corrections are found to be very small for cross sections, while the shape distortion of distributions can be as large as 20%. Residual scale uncertainties at next-to-leading order are at the permille level.

Observing strongly interacting vector boson systems at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

We explore the potential of the CERN Large Hadron Collider to access a strongly interacting electroweak symmetry breaking sector via weak boson scattering with ${W}^{+}{W}^{\ensuremath{-}}jj$, $ZZjj$, and ${W}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}Zjj$ final states. As examples of models with scalar or vector resonances we concentrate on a scenario with a heavy Higgs boson and on a warped Higgsless Kaluza-Klein model of narrow spin-one resonances. The signal and the most prominent background processes are evaluated using exact tree-level matrix elements including full off-shell and finite width effects for final states with two tagging jets and four leptons. Using double forward jet-tagging techniques, we derive dedicated cuts on the observable jets and charged leptons to suppress standard model backgrounds. We demonstrate that the LHC has substantial sensitivity to strong interactions in the electroweak symmetry breaking sector.

Design, performance, and calibration of CMS forward calorimeter wedges

We report on the test beam results and calibration methods using high energy electrons, pions and muons with the CMS forward calorimeter (HF). The HF calorimeter covers a large pseudorapidity region (\(3\leq|\eta|\leq5\)), and is essential for a large number of physics channels with missing transverse energy. It is also expected to play a prominent role in the measurement of forward tagging jets in weak boson fusion channels in Higgs production. The HF calorimeter is based on steel absorber with embedded fused-silica-core optical fibers where Cherenkov radiation forms the basis of signal generation. Thus, the detector is essentially sensitive only to the electromagnetic shower core and is highly non-compensating (e/h≈5). This feature is also manifest in narrow and relatively short showers compared to similar calorimeters based on ionization. The choice of fused-silica optical fibers as active material is dictated by its exceptional radiation hardness. The electromagnetic energy resolution is dominated by photoelectron statistics and can be expressed in the customary form as \(\frac{a}{\sqrt{E}}\oplus{b}\). The stochastic term a is 198% and the constant term b is 9%. The hadronic energy resolution is largely determined by the fluctuations in the neutral pion production in showers, and when it is expressed as in the electromagnetic case, a = 280% and b = 11%.

Prospects for the measurement of the structure of the coupling of a Higgs boson to weak gauge bosons in weak boson fusion with the ATLAS detector

The prospects for the measurement of the tensor structure of the vertex between a standard model Higgs boson and two weak gauge bosons using the distribution of the azimuthal angles between the two tagging jets in the weak boson fusion channel are studied in a Monte Carlo analysis using the fast simulation of the ATLAS detector. The decay channels H→τ+τ-→ll+4ν, H→τ+τ-→lh+3ν at mH=120 GeV and H→W+W-→llνν at mH=160 GeV are used in the analysis. For a standard model Higgs boson it is found that purely anomalous couplings are expected to be excluded at a confidence level corresponding to 2σ or more at mH=120 GeV and more than 5σ at mH=160 GeV from 30 fb-1 of data. With a value of 1 roughly reproducing the standard model cross section for a purely anomalous coupling, the standard deviation in a measurement of a contribution of a CP even anomalous coupling in addition to the standard model coupling is estimated to be 0.20 at mH=120 GeV and 0.09 at mH=160 GeV.

Higgs plus two jet production via gluon fusion as a signal at the CERN LHC

Higgs boson production in association with two tagging jets will be mediated by electroweak vector boson fusion and by gluon fusion processes at the CERN LHC. The characteristic distributions for the gluon fusion process are analyzed for the $H\to W^+W^-$ signal at $m_H=160$ GeV, with subsequent leptonic decay of the $W$-pair. The dominant backgrounds from top-quark pair production, $WWjj$ production and vector boson fusion processes can be suppressed to a level of $S/B\approx 1/4$, yielding a highly significant gluon fusion signal with 30 fb$^{-1}$. Analysis of the azimuthal angle correlations of the two jets provides for a direct measurement of the CP-nature of the $Htt$ Yukawa coupling which is responsible for the effective $Hgg$ vertex.

Next-to-leading order QCD corrections toZboson pair production via vector-boson fusion

Vector-boson fusion processes are an important tool for the study of electroweak symmetry breaking at hadron colliders, since they allow to distinguish a light Higgs boson scenario from strong weak-boson scattering. We here consider the channels WW{yields}ZZ and ZZ{yields}ZZ as part of electroweak Z boson pair production in association with two tagging jets. We present the calculation of the NLO QCD corrections to the cross sections for pp{yields}e{sup +}e{sup -}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}+2 jets and pp{yields}e{sup +}e{sup -}{nu}{sub {mu}}{nu}{sub {mu}}+2 jets via vector-boson fusion at order {alpha}{sub s}{alpha}{sup 6}, which is performed in the form of a NLO parton-level Monte Carlo program. The corrections to the integrated cross sections are found to be modest, while the shapes of some kinematical distributions change appreciably at NLO. Residual scale uncertainties typically are at the few percent level.

Search for Anomalous Heavy-Flavor Quark Production in Association withWBosons

We search for anomalous production of heavy-flavor quark jets in association with W bosons at the Fermilab Tevatron pp Collider in final states in which the heavy-flavor quark content is enhanced by requiring at least one tagged jet in an event. Jets are tagged using one algorithm based on semileptonic decays of b/c hadrons, and another on their lifetimes. We compare e+jets (164 pb(-1)) and mu+jets (145 pb(-1)) channels collected with the D0 detector at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV to expectations from the standard model and set upper limits on anomalous production of such events.

Determining the structure of Higgs couplings at the CERN LargeHadron Collider.

Higgs boson production via weak boson fusion at the CERN Large Hadron Collider has the capability to determine the dominant CP nature of a Higgs boson, via the tensor structure of its coupling to weak bosons. This information is contained in the azimuthal angle distribution of the two outgoing forward tagging jets. The technique is independent of both the Higgs boson mass and the observed decay channel.

Mueller-navelet jets at hadron colliders

We critically examine the definition of dijet cross sections at large rapidity intervals in hadron-hadron collisions, taking proper account of the various cuts applied in a realistic experimental setup. We argue that the dependence of the cross section on the precise definition of the parton momentum fractions and the presence of an upper bound on the momentum transfer cannot be neglected, and we provide the relevant modifications to the analytical formulae by Mueller and Navelet. We also point out that the choice of equal transverse momentum cuts on the tagging jets can spoil the possibility of a clean extraction of signals of BFKL physics.

Diphoton background to Higgs boson production at the LHC with soft gluon effects

The detection and the measurement of the production cross section of a light Higgs boson at the CERN Large Hadron Collider demand the accurate prediction of the background distributions of photon pairs. To improve this theoretical prediction, we present the soft-gluon resummed calculation of the pp→ γγX cross section, including the exact one loop gg→ γγg contribution. By incorporating the known fixed order results and the leading terms in the higher order corrections, the resummed cross section provides a reliable prediction for the inclusive diphoton invariant mass and transverse momentum distributions. Given our results, we propose the search for the Higgs boson in the inclusive diphoton mode with a cut on the transverse momentum of the photon pair, without the requirement of an additional tagged jet.

Experimental properties of gluon and quark jets from a point source

Gluon jets are identified in hadronic Z\(^0\) decays as all the particles in a hemisphere opposite to a hemisphere containing two tagged quark jets. Gluon jets defined in this manner are equivalent to gluon jets produced from a color singlet point source and thus correspond to the definition employed for most theoretical calculations. In a separate stage of the analysis, we select quark jets in a manner to correspond to calculations, as the particles in hemispheres of flavor tagged light quark (uds) events. We present the distributions of rapidity, scaled energy, the logarithm of the momentum, and transverse momentum with respect to the jet axes, for charged particles in these gluon and quark jets. We also examine the charged particle multiplicity distributions of the jets in restricted intervals of rapidity. For soft particles at large \(p_{\rm T}\), we observe the charged particle multiplicity ratio of gluon to quark jets to be \(2.29\pm0.09\,{\mathrm{(stat.)}} \pm0.15\,{\mathrm{(syst.)}}\), in agreement with the prediction that this ratio should approximately equal the ratio of QCD color factors, \({\rm C_A/C_F}= 2.25\). The intervals used to define soft particles and large \(p_{\rm T}\) for this result, \(p < 4\) GeV/\(c\) and \(0.8 < p_{\rm T}< 3.0\) GeV/\(c\), are motivated by the predictions of the Herwig Monte Carlo multihadronic event generator. Additionally, our gluon jet data allow a sensitive test of the phenomenon of non-leading QCD terms known as color reconnection. We test the model of color reconnection implemented in the Ariadne Monte Carlo multihadronic event generator and find it to be disfavored by our data.

Experimental properties of gluon and quark jets from a point source

Gluon jets are identified in hadronic Z $^0$ decays as all the particles in a hemisphere opposite to a hemisphere containing two tagged quark jets. Gluon jets defined in this manner are equivalent to gluon jets produced from a color singlet point source and thus correspond to the definition employed for most theoretical calculations. In a separate stage of the analysis, we select quark jets in a manner to correspond to calculations, as the particles in hemispheres of flavor tagged light quark (uds) events. We present the distributions of rapidity, scaled energy, the logarithm of the momentum, and transverse momentum with respect to the jet axes, for charged particles in these gluon and quark jets. We also examine the charged particle multiplicity distributions of the jets in restricted intervals of rapidity. For soft particles at large $p_{\rm T}$ , we observe the charged particle multiplicity ratio of gluon to quark jets to be $2.29\pm0.09\,{\mathrm{(stat.)}} \pm0.15\,{\mathrm{(syst.)}}$ , in agreement with the prediction that this ratio should approximately equal the ratio of QCD color factors, ${\rm C_A/C_F}= 2.25$ . The intervals used to define soft particles and large $p_{\rm T}$ for this result, $p < 4$ GeV/ $c$ and $0.8 < p_{\rm T}< 3.0$ GeV/ $c$ , are motivated by the predictions of the Herwig Monte Carlo multihadronic event generator. Additionally, our gluon jet data allow a sensitive test of the phenomenon of non-leading QCD terms known as color reconnection. We test the model of color reconnection implemented in the Ariadne Monte Carlo multihadronic event generator and find it to be disfavored by our data.

Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov approximation versus O( alpha s3) corrections to large-rapidity dijet production.

We examine dijet production at large rapidity intervals at Fermilab Tevatron energies by comparing an exact scrO(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}^{3}$) calculation with the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) approximation, which resums the leading powers of the rapidity interval y to all orders in ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}$. We analyze the dependence of the exact scrO(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}^{3}$) calculation on the jet cone size as a function of y, and use this cross section to define an ``effective rapidity'' y^ which reduces the error that the largy-y approximation induces on the kinematics. Using y^ in the BFKL resummation, we reexamine jet production at large transverse momenta and the transverse momentum decorrelation of the tagging jets. We find less dramatic, but still significant, effects than found previously using the large-y approximation.

Dijet production at large rapidity intervals.

We examine dijet production at large rapidity intervals at Tevatron energies, by using the theory of Lipatov and collaborators which resums the leading powers of the rapidity interval. We analyze the growth of the Mueller-Navelet $K$-factor in this context and find it to be negligible. However, we do find a considerable enhancement of jet production at large transverse momenta. In addition, we show that the correlation in transverse momentum and azimuthal angle of the tagging jets fades away as the rapidity interval is increased.