Tag Performance Research Articles

Blockage Aware Fair Scheduling with Differentiated Service Support in mmWave WPANs/WLANs

Millimeter Wave (mmWave) communications are evolving as a potential and promising technology to address the ever increasing mobile data rate requirements. This paper addresses fair scheduling in directional antenna based mmWave wireless personal and local area networks with non-uniform traffic demand. Due to their small wavelength, mmWave signals are susceptible to blockage. The proposed fair schedulers handle the link blockage problem through relaying, and are capable of providing end-to-end fair bandwidth allocation to relay flows. To achieve differentiated and fair service allocation to various regions of the network while using only limited flow related information, a service tag based scheduler is proposed in this paper. Then, the performance bounds on the minimum throughput and unfairness of this scheduler are obtained. To approximate the performance of the service tag based scheduler while minimizing the control overhead, a heuristic fair scheduler is also proposed. Results from extensive simulations conducted in a mmWave WPAN deployed to support high data rate applications show the performance advantages of the proposed schedulers, compared to existing fair schedulers, in terms of throughput and fairness.

Erratum for “Building Codes Part-of-Speech Tagging Performance Improvement by Error-Driven Transformational Rules” by Xiaorui Xue and Jiansong Zhang

Erratum for “Building Codes Part-of-Speech Tagging Performance Improvement by Error-Driven Transformational Rules” by Xiaorui Xue and Jiansong Zhang

Passive Moisture Sensor Based on Conductive and Water-Soluble Yarns

In this paper, we establish a new type of passive ultra-high-frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) technology-based moisture sensor. The sensor system consists of a sensor tag and a reference tag to indicate exposure to moisture. The sensor tag is fabricated on a cotton substrate from conductive silver yarn and water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) yarn. When the sensor is exposed to water, the PVA yarn will melt, which causes a permanent change to the tag antenna body and to the wireless performance of the sensor tag. By measuring the backscattered power strength difference, $\Delta \text{P}$ , the presence of moisture can be detected and recorded. When $\Delta \text{P}$ is below 0, the sensor system shows that it has been in a highly moist condition. Our PVA-based moisture-sensing system can provide cost-effective and maintenance-free monitoring of moisture exposure for versatile application fields.

Radio Frequency IDentification for Meat Supply-Chain Digitalisation.

Digitalised supply-chain traceability systems can offer wide prospects both for improving safety as well as enhancing perceived quality. However, the coupling between physical goods and information is often difficult for agri-food items. A solution could be the use of RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) systems. Due to its wide reading range, Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) technology is already widely used in logistics and warehousing, mostly for the identification of batches of items. A growing interest is also emerging in Near Field Communication (NFC), as several smartphones embed an integrated NFC antenna. This paper deals with the automatic identification of meat products at item level, proposing and evaluating the adoption of different RFID technologies. Different UHF and NFC solutions are proposed, which benchmark tag performances in different configurations, including four meat types (fatty beef, lean beef, chicken and pork), by using a specifically designed test bench. As avoiding the application of two different tags could be advantageous, dual frequency devices (UHF and NFC) are also considered. Significant differences in tag performances, which also depend on meat type and packaging, are highlighted. The paper highlights that tag positioning should consider the geometry of the packaging and the relative positioning of tag, meat and reader antenna.

Smart University Library Management System Based on Internet of Things

With the innovation of new technologies, many life concepts have been changed. However, libraries remain the same in many sides while the main role of libraries has been changed and new references may not need a classical library as it was 50 years ago. In the same time, library services can be improved using Internet of Things (IoT) to increase user satisfactions. In recent years, there has been arisen in the diversity of implementation based on radio-frequency identification (RFID) systems and has been successfully utilized in several areas such as health care and transportation. RFID-based library management system will let rapid transaction flow for the library and could prove instant and long-term benefits to library in traceability and security. To solve the problem that it is inconvenient to find references in the traditional library, a kind of reference positioning system using RFID technology is designed to achieve fast search references in the library. Searching and sorting misplaced references are a hard task often carried out by the librarians. In this paper, the performance of RFID reader motion and tags allows fast transaction flow and easily handling the process like references borrowing from library can be done using RFID technology and users will get notified using Global System for Mobile. Two big issues have been exposed and tried to find the best solution for them, first is the management process of any library, from user management to shelving system and the second one is the data and reference security. The results show that the system can quickly find the references that bookworms hid, and the references are not timely put back on the shelves. Furthermore, the new library hall design and IoT-based system improve the security.

Body Movement-Based Controlling Through Passive RFID Integrated Into Clothing

We present a passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radiofrequency identification (RFID)-based strain sensor, which is designed for simple and efficient body movement monitoring. This RFID platform is fabricated from electro-textile materials and can thus be seamlessly integrated into our everyday clothing. The sensor platform has an integrated reference tag, in order to avoid the effects of reflections or external disturbances on the sensor tag performance. This sensor platform prototype has an on-body read range of 1 meter in a normal office environment with an off-the-shelf RFID reader. The wireless performance of the sensor tag has a significant change caused by arm elongation. Thus, the sensor functionality can be based on variation of the sensor tag's backscattered power percentage (ΔP%). Based on the preliminary results achieved in this study, this passive and cost-effective sensor platform could be an efficient future way to turn human gestures into inputs for digital devices.

Performance, Accuracy and Generalization Capability of RFID Tags' Constellation for Indoor Localization.

Indoor localization has recently witnessed an increase in interest due to its wide range of potential services. Further, the location information is very important in many applications, such as the Internet of Things, logistics, library management and so on. Hence, different technologies and techniques have been proposed in the literature for indoor localization systems. Most of these systems present the disadvantages of a poor performance, low accuracy and high cost. However, thanks to its low cost, high accuracy and non-line-of-sight detection, radio frequency identification (RFID)-based localization has increasingly become the most used technology for indoor localization. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach based on the multiple input single output (MISO) protocol to improve the accuracy of a low-cost RFID localization system. Whereas most traditional systems use a single tag for localization, the proposed architecture encourages the use of a group of RFID tags named as a constellation. According to experimental results and based on the signals’ diversity, the location accuracy is improved to get an estimated position error of 81 cm at the cumulative distribution function of 90%.

Building Codes Part-of-Speech Tagging Performance Improvement by Error-Driven Transformational Rules

AbstractTo enable full automation, automated code compliance checking systems need to extract regulatory information in building codes and convert it to computable representations. This conversion ...

Preparation of Complex Glycans From Natural Sources for Functional Study.

One major barrier in glycoscience is the lack of diverse and biomedically relevant complex glycans in sufficient quantities for functional study. Complex glycans from natural sources serve as an important source of these glycans and an alternative to challenging chemoenzymatic synthesis. This review discusses preparation of complex glycans from several classes of glycoconjugates using both enzymatic and chemical release approaches. Novel technologies have been developed to advance the large-scale preparation of complex glycans from natural sources. We also highlight recent approaches and methods developed in functional and fluorescent tagging and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) isolation of released glycans.

Performance and optimization of an ear tag automated activity monitor for estrus prediction in dairy heifers

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the SCR eSense ear tag automated activity monitor (AAM) to detect estrus behavior in Holstein heifers and to determine the optimal time from estrus alert to artificial insemination (AI) using sex-sorted or conventional semen. In total, 281 heifers were fitted with the AAM once eligible for breeding (>13.5 m of age). For the first AI, estrus was synchronized using 500 μg of cloprostenol (PGF), given 14 d apart, and heifers were given estrus detection patches (Estrotect™) after the second PGF. Heifers were inseminated at randomly attributed times after high activity alert from the AAM system or if the estrus patch had ≥ 50% colour change. Most heifers received sex-sorted semen for the first AI and conventional semen for subsequent inseminations. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed at 30 d post AI and heifers had four opportunities to become pregnant. In a subset of heifers (n = 149), ovaries were scanned every 12 h from the time of AI until ovulation (OV). The system recorded a heat index (measure of estrus strength), maximum activity change, maximum rumination change and duration of high activity. The sensitivity was 91.0%, with a false positive and false negative rate of 8.0%, and the positive predictive value to detect true estrus events was 83.5%. Pregnancy per AI to first AI was 67.6% and 97.9% of heifers become pregnant after four inseminations. Most false positive estrus events had a heat index < 45 and a rumination change < -20, while false negative events had a rumination change ≥ -20. Odds of pregnancy was not associated with any estrus characteristics measured by the system. However, pre-ovulatory follicle diameter had a weak correlation (r < 0.25) with all estrus characteristics. The average (range) interval of onset of high activity, peak activity and end of high activity to OV was 28 h (16–46 h), 22 h (10–40 h) and 16 h (0–36 h), respectively. For conventional semen, each hour increase in interval from activity onset or peak activity to AI reduced the predicted probability of pregnancy by 3.8 and 4.2%, respectively. For sex-sorted semen, the relationship between activity onset or peak activity to AI and predicted probability of pregnancy was quadratic, but not significant. Overall, the SCR eSense ear tag AAM performed well and strategies to identify false positive and false negative estrus events, along with optimization of timing of AI, should further improve performance in Holstein heifers.

Performance Analysis of a Compact UHF RFID Ceramic Tag in High-Temperature Environments

In this paper an experimental analysis of the effect of high temperature on the performance of a compact UHF RFID tag is described and discussed. The tag is designed to be integrated into small cavities carved out of metal objects to identify themselves during the entire fabrication and assembly line. Since the UHF RFID tag is applied just after the die casting operations needed to model the metal component, it must be robust to high temperature manufacturing environments and processes. Tests demonstrated a significant chip input impedance variation by increasing the surrounding temperature, with a consequent read-range reduction. However, the considered ceramic tag can be detected at a satisfactory distance of 30 cm when employed with temperatures so high as up to 120°C.

Factors affecting detection probability and range of transmitters and receivers designed for the Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System

Acoustic telemetry allows collection of data on the movement and survival of fish and other aquatic organisms. The passive form of this technology uses transmitters (tags) and fixed receivers to record when an organism is present at a given location. Understanding and interpretation of these data depends on knowledge of the detection range and detection probability of the receivers. This study examines factors affecting performance of tags and receivers designed for the Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System (JSATS) at a location in the Sacramento River in CA, USA. A group of tags (n = 13) of two power output levels, each transmitting a unique code at five second intervals, were manually moved past a set of two fixed receivers in upstream and downstream directions along transects of different distances from the receivers at two different speeds. The factors that significantly affected detection probability were tag orientation and tag movement direction. Tag orientation had the largest effect on detection probability, with higher detection rates when the tag’s piezoelectric transducer was directed towards the receiver. Detection probability (proportion of transmissions detected) was 30–50% out to 160 m. Detection efficiency (proportion of tags regarded as present) was 99–100% when tags passed within 25 m and 84–96% within 135 m of a receiver. These results have implications for the design and interpretation of acoustic tracking studies and the orientation of transmitters when implanted into fish.

An approach to data tag optimization base on self-attention generative adversarial nets

In order to solve the problem of low performance caused by errors and omissions in tags in the data resources, this paper proposes a tag optimization method based on self-attention generative adversarial nets(SAGAN). First use TF-IDF training to calculate the similarity between texts, then use the consistency between the similarity between texts and tag similarity to define the objective function. Second add correction terms to reduce the bias of user-provided tags before and after optimization. Finally, we propose to apply Self-Attention GAN to further improve the performance of tag optimization objective function, and the results are compared with the original tags. Compared with the original tag, the optimized tagging performance has been improved. The test results show that the tag is optimized and improved, and the performance problem in tag recommendation is solved.

Performance Evaluation of English Part-of-Speech Tagging Based on Typical Parameter Smoothing Algorithm

Part-of-speech (POS) tagging for English is the basis for implementing English automatic correction. Although researchers have done a lot of useful studies on English POS tagging, most of them are aimed at users with English as the first language, while studies for users with English as the second language are few. For this purpose, manual tagging is performed based on the typical parameter smoothing algorithm. On this basis, a performance evaluation method for English part-of-speech tagging is proposed, which integrates the features of term clustering, non-tagged corpus statistics, word pronunciation, etc. The experimental results show that the algorithm can improve the performance of POS tagging effectively, with the tagging accuracy improved from 94.49% to 97.07%

Design of UHF Tag Antenna Based on Internet of Things

This paper presents a detailed study of UHF RFID system on tag antenna design and performance measure methods based on antenna design knowledge and electromagnetic theory. The paper analyzes the characteristics of UHF tag antenna. The paper provides the compact UHF antenna that covers 840MHz∼965MHz. The impedance of the antenna is easy to adjust. The tag antenna has a good performance which satisfies the design requirements. The paper studies the effect of the metallic ground on the tag antenna performance and designs a low-profile anti-metal UHF tag antenna. An antenna with a pair of F-slots is proposed. The antenna can achieve the good complex impedance matching between the antenna and chip. The simulation results show the anti-metal antenna has good working bandwidth from 840MHz to 965MHz and return loss S11<-10dB.

Improving Code-mixed POS Tagging Using Code-mixed Embeddings

Social media data has become invaluable component of business analytics. A multitude of nuances of social media text make the job of conventional text analytical tools difficult. Code-mixing of text is a phenomenon prevalent among social media users, wherein words used are borrowed from multiple languages, though written in the commonly understood roman script. All the existing supervised learning methods for tasks such as Parts Of Speech (POS) tagging for code-mixed social media (CMSM) text typically depend on a large amount of training data. Preparation of such large training data is resource-intensive, requiring expertise in multiple languages. Though the preparation of small dataset is possible, the out of vocabulary (OOV) words pose major difficulty, while learning models from CMSM text as the number of different ways of writing non-native words in roman script is huge. POS tagging for code-mixed text is non-trivial, as tagging should deal with syntactic rules of multiple languages. The important research question addressed by this article is whether abundantly available unlabeled data can help in resolving the difficulties posed by code-mixed text for POS tagging. We develop an approach for scraping and building word embeddings for code-mixed text illustrating it for Bengali-English, Hindi-English, and Telugu-English code-mixing scenarios. We used a hierarchical deep recurrent neural network with linear-chain CRF layer on top of it to improve the performance of POS tagging in CMSM text by capturing contextual word features and character-sequence–based information. We prepared a labeled resource for POS tagging of CMSM text by correcting 19% of labels from an existing resource. A detailed analysis of the performance of our approach with varying levels of code-mixing is provided. The results indicate that the F1-score of our approach with custom embeddings is better than the CRF-based baseline by 5.81%, 5.69%, and 6.3% in Bengali, Hindi , and Telugu languages, respectively.

One-Year Results From the SURPASS Observational Registry of the CTAG Stent-Graft With the Active Control System

Purpose: To report the outcomes from the observational SURPASS registry, which was created to assess the performance of the Conformable TAG (CTAG) stent-graft with the Active Control System (ACS) in patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in a real-world setting. Materials and Methods: The SURPASS registry (ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier NCT03286400) was an observational, prospective, single-arm, post-market, international study that enrolled patients undergoing TEVAR using the CTAG with ACS for both acute and chronic thoracic aortic disease between October 2017 and July 2018. The CTAG with ACS features 2-stage deployment of the stent-graft and an optional angulation mechanism that modifies only the proximal end of the stent-graft. During the observation period, 127 patients (mean age 67.1±12.1 years, range 27–86; 92 men) were enrolled and treated for an array of aortic pathologies, including chronic and acute lesions and 4 ruptured descending thoracic aneurysms. The primary outcome of this study was technical success; secondary outcomes were clinical success and major adverse events at 30 days and 12 months. The numbers of 2-stage device deployments and applications of the angulation mechanism were recorded, along with the reasons for use. Results: Technical success of the TEVAR was 97.6% owing to unintentional partial coverage of supra-aortic branches in 3 cases (the vessels were patent on imaging). The stent-graft was repositioned at its intermediate diameter in 79 patients (62.2%), and the angulation feature was applied in 64 cases (50.4%), mainly to improve proximal wall apposition and orthogonality in the aorta. The desired effect was achieved in 60 cases (93.8%). There was no device compression, bird-beak configuration, fracture, or graft occlusion. The 30-day and 12-month clinical success rates were 97.6% and 92.9%, respectively. There were 3 aorta-related deaths at 30 days and a further 3 at 12 months. Fatalities were due to a retrograde type A dissection (0.8%), paraplegia, bowel ischemia, sepsis in the setting of a mycotic aneurysm, aneurysm rupture post aortoesophageal fistula, and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Three endoleaks (2 type Ia and 1 type III) required reintervention. Conclusion: In the SURPASS registry, the use of the CTAG device with ACS showed promising outcomes despite the challenging pathologies. The new delivery system enables a controlled staged delivery with in situ adjustments during positioning, facilitating the treatment of complex aortic disease.

A theoretical and experimental study of passive computational radio frequency identification tags

AbstractThe investigation and optimization of the RF frontend of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags represents a crucial topic when looking for an increased tag performance. This work studies the RF frontend of three state‐of‐the‐art passive computational RFID tags: AMS SL900a Dev Kit, Farsens Spider Eval, and WISP 5.1. Given a module‐based approach, the antenna, the matching network, the RF energy harvesting, and the load modulation are reviewed both theoretically and experimentally. The influence of a set of properties, corresponding to these modules, on the overall RFID tag performance is evaluated using a tag read range measurement.

Complex Dispersal of Adult Yellowfin Tuna From the Main Hawaiian Islands

Local availability of yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, is a key economic, dietary and cultural concern for Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) communities and insular fisheries. Consequently, interactions of inshore versus offshore fisheries and connectivity to yellowfin elsewhere in the Pacific remain important scientific management questions. Local fisheries target adult tuna during the summer months, but subsequent tuna movements, presumably away from the islands after reproduction ceases, remain undocumented. From 2014-2016, we partnered with local fishermen to catch and release nineteen yellowfin tuna (41- 91 kg, estimated whole weight) off Kauaʻi, with popup satellite archival tags programmed for 9 to 12-month missions. Although data collection periods did not exceed 59 days mainly because of tag hardware failures and predator interactions, short tracks revealed diverse patterns: local residency for some individuals, and rapid, long-distance (>800 km) dispersals in multiple directions for others. Adult yellowfin tuna frequenting the MHI have more complex movements than previously assumed. Despite being a nursery area, whether the assemblage is entirely produced and retained in the region is not resolved. However, attaining one-year migration records requires tag performance that was not achieved by the deployed tags. It remains a prerequisite for greater understanding of yellowfin in the Main Hawaiian Islands and Central North Pacific, including assessment of their spatial connectivity, impacts of climate change, and shifting ecosystems.

Evaluating Combined Precursor Isotopic Labeling and Isobaric Tagging Performance on Orbitraps To Study the Peripheral Proteome of Alzheimer's Disease.

Combined precursor isotopic labeling and isobaric tagging (cPILOT) is an enhanced multiplexing strategy currently capable of analyzing up to 24 samples simultaneously. This capability is especially helpful when studying multiple tissues and biological replicates in models of disease, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, cPILOT was used to study proteomes from heart, liver, and brain tissues in a late-stage amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 (APP/PS-1) human transgenic double-knock-in mouse model of AD. The original global cPILOT assay developed on an Orbitrap Velos instrument was transitioned to an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos instrument. The advantages of faster scan rates, lower limits of detection, and synchronous precursor selection on the Fusion Lumos afford greater numbers of isobarically tagged peptides to be quantified in comparison to the Orbitrap Velos. Parameters such as LC gradient, m/z isolation window, dynamic exclusion, targeted mass analyses, and synchronous precursor scan were optimized leading to >600 000 PSMs, corresponding to 6074 proteins. Overall, these studies inform of system-wide changes in brain, heart, and liver proteins from a mouse model of AD.