Tablet Ownership Research Articles

Survey of dental students’ perception of ubiquitous-based test (UBT)

This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of dental students in a dental school where the ubiquitous-based test (UBT) system has been implemented for several years. The research explored differences in perceptions based on respondents' characteristics and identified possibilities for improving the UBT system.This study surveyed fourth-year dental students who had taken the UBT exams for two years. A questionnaire covered respondent characteristics, UBT system perceptions, convenience, reliability, and comparison of UBT and paper-based test (PBT). The responses were measured on a 5-point Likert scale for all items except for some respondent characteristics. Analysis employed descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and Spearman's correlation at a significance-level of p<0.05.A total of 157 responses were analyzed, including 86 respondents in 2021 and 71 in 2022. The respondents' general characteristics were similar across both years. Students exhibited positive perceptions towards the introduction of the UBT system and its convenience. However, their preference for UBT over PBT was less pronounced. Female students had higher tablet ownership rates than males. Gender-based and tablet ownership-based differences were observed in several items, such as tablet usage frequency and interest in new technologies. The strong correlations were identified between PBT and UBT assessment results.With user-centered interface enhancements and the incorporation of multimedia items, the UBT system will be effectively utilized in dental education as a valuable tool for both instruction and assessment.

An Examination of the Attitudes of Teacher Candidates towards Mobile Learning

This study aims to ascertain how potential Turkish language and literature and Turkish teacher candidates tend to mobile learning. In this context, it investigates whether there are any notable differences in these aspiring teachers' attitudes toward mobile learning based on elements like gender, age, major field of study, grade level, personal tablet ownership, computer ownership, income level, social media usage, and enrollment in computer courses. A relational survey model, a quantitative research method, is used in this study. 209 females and 65 males who willingly joined the study at a university in Turkey's east comprise its participant pool. The findings reveal that prospective teachers of Turkish language and literature, as well as Turkish language teaching, strongly endorse the statements in the Mobile Learning Attitude Scale. Furthermore, their attitudes towards mobile learning do not exhibit significant variations concerning variables such as gender, major field of study, grade level, personal tablet ownership, possession of a computer, income level, social media usage, and participation in a computer course. Nevertheless, a noteworthy difference is identified in attitudes towards mobile learning across different age groups. The outcomes imply that while substantial distinctions exist among age groups, the attitudes of prospective teachers in the aforementioned fields do not significantly differ in terms of demographic or technological aspects. These results underscore the importance of integrating mobile learning into teaching and learning. Encouraging positive attitudes towards mobile learning and conducting additional research on this subject are strongly recommended.

A-55 Updated validation of the accuracy of reaction time assessment on computer-based tablet devices

Abstract Purpose Computer-based assessment continues to evolve, migrating from paper- to computer- to tablet-based assessment/devices. Despite the increase in tablet ownership and use, there remains limited research validating their timing accuracy. The purpose of this study was to update previous (2015) research documenting timing delays on touchscreen devices. Methods Delays between stimulus presentation and (simulated) touch response were recorded using an custom-made timing device and a Javascript-based timer using an Acer Chromebook (Spin 211; Chrome OS 98.0), an 8th generation Apple iPad(iOS 15.4), a Kindle Fire HD 10 (Fire OS 7.3), and a Samsung Galaxy A7 (Android OS 11.0) at response intervals of 100, 250, 500, 1000 milliseconds (ms). Results The Chrome browser was consistently the fastest browser on the Acer and Samsung devices, and similar to Safari (Apple iPad) and Firefox (Samsung Galaxy). Using the Chrome browser, results showed significantly greater timing error on the Samsung tablet (88-105ms), than Kindle Fire (65-70ms), Apple iPad (49-54s) and Acer Chromebook (36-41ms), across all response intervals. Conclusions Due to inherent timing delays, touchscreen devices are not recommended for collection of simple RT. For choice RT measures on tablet devices, the Safari browser (Apple iOS devices) and Chrome Browser (Chromebooks or Kindle Fire) are recommended. However, use of the Samsung Galaxy tablets (any browser) and Kindle Fire (Silk browser) are not recommended.

Play Is a Child’s Work (on Instagram)

Play Is a Child’s Work (on Instagram)

The Relationship Between Gadget Usage and Adolescents Eye Health

The changes in public life style cause the raising demand in practical communication media. The data from a survey conducted in 2014 in United States shows that the gadgets ownership in group of people ranged from 13 to 15 years old has increased from 35% to 55%, and tablet ownership has increased twice as much, from 18% to 37%. Referring to the previous study, it is said that teenagers are susceptible to experience the negative effect from the excessive use of gadget, for the gadget screen exposure could induce the release of dopamine hormone which has important role in shaping addictive trait. To prevent such impact, the government of Denpasar City should be having the latest data about the gadget use in teenagers, especially early teenagers. The study aims to determine the relationship between the use of gadgets with eye health in adolescent.
 Methods: This research uses quantitative methods. The research is conducted in SMP Negeri 3, 6, 7, 8 and 9 Denpasar. The data gathering was conducted from July 23 until August 19, 2020. The technique for determining the minimum sample size is the estimation of the proportion in a simple random sample with absolute precision.
 Results: Bivariate analysis with chi-square test showed p-value = 0.000. There is a relationship between gadget use and the eye health on teenager informants.
 Conclusion: There is a positive and significant relationship between the use of gadgets with eye health in adolescent.

Online course satisfaction in a holistic flipped classroom approach

The present study aimed to investigate the satisfaction of pre-service teachers with the completely online course instructed with the flipped classroom model. The study was conducted with the explanatory sequential mixed design. The participants included 117 pre-service teachers. Data were collected during the 2020-2021 academic year fall semester with the Online Course Satisfaction Scale and face-to-face interviews. The study findings demonstrated that the pre-service teachers were satisfied with the online course. The satisfaction level of female participants was higher, and the differences were not significant based on the student department. On the other hand, the participants stated that there were systemic and instructor-oriented problems. Furthermore, it was determined that ease of use was an important factor in predicting satisfaction. Ease of use varied based on PC ownership, but not based on tablet ownership. Satisfaction did not differ based on both PC and tablet ownership. It was found that the flipped classroom model exhibited interactional challenges. However, the model had advantages due to its structure that allowed flexibility. It could be suggested that the findings of the present study would contribute to future studies that would address flipped classroom method and satisfaction with online courses.

Prevalence and Predictors of Health-Related Internet and Digital Device Use in a Sample of South Asian Adults in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: Results From a 2014 Community-Based Survey.

BackgroundSouth Asian Canadians are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Consumer-oriented health information technology may help mitigate lifestyle risk factors and improve chronic disease self-management.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of the use of the internet, digital devices, and apps for health purposes as well as preferences for future use of eHealth support in South Asian Canadians.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-mode survey in a convenience sample of 831 South Asian adults recruited at faith-based gathering places, health care settings, and community events in Edmonton, Alberta, in 2014. The 706 responders (mean age 47.1, SD 17.6 years; n=356, 50.4% female; n=509, 72.1% Sikh) who provided complete sociodemographic information were included in the analysis, and the denominators varied based on the completeness of responses to each question. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine sociodemographic and health status predictors of internet use, being a web-based health information seeker, smartphone or tablet ownership, health app use, and willingness to use various modes of eHealth support.ResultsOf all respondents, 74.6% (527/706) were internet users and 47.8% (336/703) were web-based health information seekers. In addition, 74.9% (527/704) of respondents owned a smartphone or tablet and 30.7% (159/518) of these had a health and fitness app. Most internet users (441/527, 83.7%) expressed interest in using ≥1 mode of eHealth support. Older age, being female, having less than high school education, preferring written health information in languages other than English, and lacking confidence in completing medical forms predicted lack of internet use. Among internet users, factors that predicted web-based health information seeking were being female, use of the internet several times per day, being confident in completing medical forms, and preferring health information in English. Predictors of not owning a smartphone or tablet were being older, preferring health information in languages other than English, having less than high school education, living in Canada for <5 years, having a chronic health condition, and having diabetes. Increasing age was associated with lower odds of having a health app. Preferring health information in languages other than English consistently predicted lower interest in all modes of eHealth support.ConclusionseHealth-based chronic disease prevention and management interventions are feasible for South Asian adults, but digital divides exist according to language preference, education, age, sex, confidence in completing medical forms, and number of years lived in Canada. Community-based, culturally tailored strategies targeting these factors are required to address existing divides and increase the uptake of credible web-based and app-based resources for health purposes.

Determination of Secondary School Students' Levels of Sensitivity towards Cyberbullying and Cyberbullying Behaviour

The development of technology and especially the changes and innovations experienced in the development of mobile technologies have increased the use of such technological devices in the society. Mobile technologies and smart phones among them have positive effects both in social life and academic life, as well as situations that cause some negative use as a result of intensive use of such technologies. Cyberbullying behaviour, which aims to harm others' lives by using technological devices, comes to the forefront among these problems. Therefore, this study aims to investigate engagement in cyberbullying behaviour and the sensitivity towards cyberbullying, which is a common behaviour especially among secondary school students. The study was carried out with 747 secondary school students studying in the 5th and 6th grades of public schools in the fall term of the 2019-2020 academic year. “Cyberbullying Scale” and “Sensitivity towards Cyberbullying Scale” were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H and Spearman rho tests were used to evaluate the data that were found not to show normal distribution. As a result of the study, it was determined that the students' levels of engagement in cyberbullying behaviour were “low”, whereas their sensitivity levels towards cyberbullying were “high”. In the study, it was revealed that the difference between students' engaging in cyberbullying behaviour and their sensitivity towards cyberbullying in terms of gender and grade variables, and the difference between their cyberbullying sensitivity levels and mother education level, father education level, computer ownership, tablet ownership variables, were found to be significant. However, it was determined that there was a negative and moderate relationship between their cyberbullying behaviour and their sensitivity towards cyberbullying.

Investigating Academicians’ Use of Tablet PC from the Perspectives of Human Computer Interaction and Technology Acceptance Model

This phenomenological study examines academicians’ beliefs and lived experiences of using tablet PC based on Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Participants included 15 academic staff working in a university in Turkey. Data were collected through in–depth semi–structured interviews and subjected to content analysis. Main themes emerged from the data include reasons for purchasing tablet PC, usage patterns, professional and instructional implementation, comparison of tablet with other PCs, future expectations of tablets, and opinions about tablet experiences (performance increase, advantages, health issues). The results showed that academicians were satisfied with tablet PC and used it for presentation, social media, and routine tasks. However, they did not prefer it as a first PC option and they found it inadequate for all their works due to the limitation of subject-specific applications, incompatibility issues, difficulty in writing, and tendency to maintain previous PC usage habits. The findings did not indicate any reduction in the need and use of other PCs due to tablet ownership. Overall, this study supports the interaction of HCI components (user, tool, environment, tasks) and TAM components (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) and their effects on the adoption and use of a technological tool.

Sex and Height Influence Neck Posture When Using Electronic Handheld Devices.

With increased tablet ownership in the United States comes increased levels of neck flexion compared to desktop or laptop computer use, and these neck postures have been linked to increases in neck pain. Importantly, tablet viewing postures can be achieved in multiple ways and could be determined by the morphology of the individual and/or other extraneous factors. In this study, we aim to preliminarily evaluate how neck postures vary during tablet use among individuals and link this variation to other factors such as sex, height, weight, presence/absence of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), and morphology of the head and neck. We analyzed two-dimensional landmarks placed on lateral-view radiographs of 22 participants (10 female and 12 male) seated in neutral, upright, fully flexed, semi-reclined, and reclined postures. We utilize geometric morphometric techniques, which are advantageous for evaluating shape variation and have not been extensively applied to biomechanical analyses. We found skeletal morphology to be significantly related to sex and height in all but the neutral posture (P < 0.05), and weight was marginally significantly related to shape in the semi-reclined posture (P = 0.047). Morphologically, male participants exhibited more flexion at the articulatio atlantooccipitalis than females, and females showed greater mandibular protrusion than males, although this result is likely related to height. No relationship was found between posture and TMD. This research establishes a framework for future work that uses geometric morphometric analyses to evaluate how neck postures vary in relation to TMD. Clin. Anat. 32:1061-1071, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Mobile Phone Ownership, Health Apps, and Tablet Use in US Adults With a Self-Reported History of Hypertension: Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundMobile phone and tablet ownership have increased in the United States over the last decade, contributing to the growing use of mobile health (mHealth) interventions to help patients manage chronic health conditions like diabetes. However, few studies have characterized mobile device ownership and the presence of health-related apps on mobile devices in people with a self-reported history of hypertension.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the prevalence of smartphone, tablet, and basic mobile phone ownership and the presence of health apps by sociodemographic factors and self-reported hypertension status (ie, history) in a nationally representative sample of US adults, and to describe whether mobile devices are associated with health goal achievement, medical decision making, and patient-provider communication.MethodsData from 3285 respondents from the 2017 Health Information National Trends Survey were analyzed. Participants were asked if they owned a smartphone, tablet, or basic mobile phone and if they had health apps on a smartphone or tablet. Participants were also asked if their smartphones or tablets helped them achieve a health-related goal like losing weight, make a decision about how to treat an illness, or talk with their health care providers. Chi-square analyses were conducted to test for differences in mobile device ownership, health app presence, and app helpfulness by patient characteristics.ResultsApproximately 1460 (37.6% weighted prevalence) participants reported a history of hypertension. Tablet and smartphone ownership were lower in participants with a history of hypertension than in those without a history of hypertension (55% vs 66%, P=.001, and 86% vs 68%, P<.001, respectively). Participants with a history of hypertension were more likely to own a basic mobile phone only as compared to those without a history of hypertension (16% vs 9%, P<.001). Among those with a history of hypertension exclusively, basic mobile phone, smartphone, and tablet ownership were associated with age and education, but not race or sex. Older adults were more likely to report having a basic mobile phone only, whereas those with higher education were more likely to report owning a tablet or smartphone. Compared to those without a history of hypertension, participants with a history of hypertension were less likely to have health-related apps on their smartphones or tablets (45% vs 30%, P<.001) and report that mobile devices helped them achieve a health-related goal (72% vs 63%, P=.01).ConclusionsDespite the increasing use of smartphones, tablets, and health-related apps, these tools are used less among people with a self-reported history of hypertension. To reach the widest cross-section of patients, a mix of novel mHealth interventions and traditional health communication strategies (eg, print, web based, and in person) are needed to support the diverse needs of people with a history of hypertension.

The Role of Brand Reputation and Perceived Enjoyment in Accepting Compulsory Device’s Usage: Extending UTAUT

This study is exploring the acceptance of compulsory Apple iPad usage by Faculty of Business and Economics, Atma Jaya Yogyakarta University (FBE-UAJY) in Indonesia. New undergraduate students each year are required to purchase e-books and iPad as part of their admission and enrollment package. Previous two studies using UTAUT (both published and “original” version) have concluded that the students accepted the iPad. The subsequent interview revealed that the students might be influenced by brand reputation and enjoyment of using a well-known brand such as Apple. Few pieces of anecdotal evidence suggested that the price of iPad has caused new students to cancel their enrollment due to cost consideration. We devised a survey to extend UTAUT by using Brand Reputation and Perceived Enjoyment as new variables. We also used Gender, Prior Tablet Ownership, Price Perception, and hypothetical options if the iPad was not compulsory as moderating variables. We circulate the survey to FBE-UAJY class of 2018 undergraduate students. The findings suggest that Brand Reputation and Perceived Enjoyment are in fact influencing the Intention to Use iPad. While Gender, Prior Tablet Ownership, and Price Perception moderating the influences toward Intention to and the Actual Use of iPad.

Exposure to and use of mobile devices in children aged 1-60months.

The present study was conducted to determine young children's (aged 1-60months) exposure to and use of mobile devices. The study included 422 parents of children aged 1-60months admitted to pediatric outpatient clinics. A questionnaire was administered to the parents via face-to-face interview. Children's overall exposure to mobile devices was 75.6% (n = 319). Of the children, 24.4% (n = 103) had never used a mobile device. Among the children that had used a mobile device, 20.6% (n = 66) were aged between 1 and 12months; 24.5% (n = 78) were aged between 13 and 24months. The median age at the first time use of a mobile device was 12months. The youngest child that used a mobile device was 6months old. Tablets had a significant difference in the age at first use compared with other mobile media types (P < 0.01). Children's overall mobile device ownership was 30.7% (98/319) in frequency. There was a positive relationship between mobile device ownership and age (p < 0.001). The most commonly owned mobile device was a "tablet" at a frequency of 68.4% (67/98). The frequency of tablet ownership was inversely associated with household income (P < 0.01). Of the children that used mobile devices, 25.7% (82/319) used multiple mobile devices simultaneously. Among 422 children, 15.9% (n = 67) had a tablet in their room. The frequency of tablet use and ownership was inversely related to the mother's educational level (P < 0.01). The parents reported that 22.3% (n = 71) never received help while navigating the mobile device. The most frequent activity with mobile devices was watching videos (70.8%, n = 226). Of the parents, 59.6% (190/319) let their children use mobile devices while they are doing daily tasks or domestic chores. Of the parents, 91.5% (n = 386) reported not having been informed by a doctor about the effects of mobile devices on their children.Conclusion: This study demonstrates a high prevalence of exposure to mobile devices in young children. The frequency of tablet use and ownership of offspring was inversely related with maternal educational level and household income. What is Known: • Mobile phones and other similar mobile devices are now embedded in the dailylives of children. • There are limited data about mobile media use in early childhood, and few guidelines on which clinicians can base their recommendations. What is New: • The exposure to mobile devices is high in young children aged 1-60months. • The frequency of tablet use and ownership of offspring was inversely related to household income and maternal educational level.

Work Design: Rethinking How Technology Is Used In University Classrooms

Driven by perceived millennial student expectations, the in-class use of mobile technology is becoming increasingly popular in postsecondary institutions. Thus, it is important to gain insights into students’ self-competence and learning transferability when using these technologies within the learning environment. This study was undertaken to assess an iPad iLearn Program in a school of business after students had been provided with an on-loan tablet that would become their property after a pre-determined period of enrollment. In this study, comfort with technology, comfort with iPad, perceptions of iPad, and frequency of use were all significant predictors of learning transferability. The adjusted R2 explained 72% of the variance in the model. Moreover, this study found there were significant differences for these predictor variables depending on university support of the program and tablet ownership. This reinforces the point that when selectively targeting this generation by promoting in-class use of tablet technology, institutions must provide the needed resources.

A Biomechanical Analysis of Cervical Spine Posture using Geometric Morphometrics

Tablet ownership in the United States has increased rapidly in the past decade. With this increase in tablet use comes increased levels of neck flexion compared to using a desktop or laptop computer use. These neck postures have been linked to increases in neck pain. Importantly, tablet viewing postures can be achieved in multiple ways and could be determined by either the morphology of the individual or other extraneous factors. In this study, we aim to preliminarily evaluate how neck postures vary among individuals with the goal of further examining how neck morphology and postures may be related to other factors such sex and height of the subject. We utilize geometric morphometric methods to evaluate the biomechanics of the cervical spine and skull in various neck postures; this technique is excellent for evaluating shape variation and has not been extensively applied in the biomechanical literature. Lateral‐view radiographs of 22 college‐aged subjects (10 female, 12 male) were taken seated in 5 neck postures: neutral, maximum neck flexion, upright seated tablet viewing, semi‐reclined tablet viewing, and reclined tablet viewing. In addition to the radiographs, a participant survey was completed to indicate the presence or absence of discomfort and/or abnormalities of the neck and mandible (e.g., pain, clicking/popping at the TMD, stiffness). Eighty‐seven two‐dimensional landmarks were placed on the cervical spine and skull on each radiograph signifying osteological features of the face, positions of the posterior‐most occlusal molars, the mandible, and the morphology of the cervical vertebrae. Variation among positions and subjects was visualized using principal components analysis and thin‐plate spline analysis. A series of ANOVAs and regression models were performed to examine relationships between morphology and other factors such as sex, weight, height, and the presence of symptoms related to temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Separate one‐way ANOVAs for each neck posture indicate that every posture but neutral is achieved differently by sex, with males tending to flex more at the atlanto‐occipital joint than females, and females showing greater protrusion in the neck than males. We further observed a significant relationship between neck flexion and height, suggesting that neck length may influence how subjects adopt specific postures. Though we did not observe a significant relationship between neck morphology or postures and the presence of TMD, these findings may provide some insight into why females experience higher rates of TMD, given that increased neck protrusion has been linked increased stresses on the temporomandibular joint and jaw. This study establishes a framework for future research that focuses on evaluating how neck postures vary in relation to TMD.Support or Funding Information Arkansas Student Undergraduate Research Fellowship University of Arkansas Provost's Collaborative Research Grant This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Tablets@university: The ownership and use of tablet devices by students

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;Tablet devices have made a dramatic impact in the computing industry, and have been widely adopted by consumers, including tertiary students. Published research surrounding the use of tablet computers in tertiary settings appears to be largely centred on the advantages of integrating tablets into university pedagogies. However, there appears to have been very little research into the current level of ownership and use amongst students beyond university-sponsored adoption programs. This paper sets out to provide baseline data on the level of ownership and the current usage of tablets by students at an Australian university. A survey of 200 undergraduate and postgraduate students and interviews with five students showed high tablet ownership and significant engagement with educational uses. The findings of this study have implications for the incorporation of tablets into university education.&lt;/p&gt;

Mobile Health in the Retinal Clinic Population: Access to and Interest in Self-Tracking.

Implementation of mobile health-tracking programs for retinal pathology requires both access to mobile devices and patient motivation to participate in self-tracking. The authors' study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of smartphone and tablet ownership and patient interest in self-tracking among a retinal clinic population. This is an institutional, prospective, cross-sectional survey of 103 retinal clinic outpatients. Consenting patients underwent a one-on-one interview conducted in the examination room during their waiting period by one researcher. Overall, 75 of 103 participants (72.2%) reported either owning a smartphone and/or tablet or having access at their household to a device that could be used to track eye health. The majority of participants (69 of 103 participants; 67%) reported interest in using a mobile application (smartphone or tablet) to track their eye health. These data suggest strong patient interest in the use of mobile devices to track eye health.

Filling the Void: Gaining a Better Understanding of Tablet-Based Surveys

“Survey respondents are increasingly attempting to take surveys on their mobile devices, whether researchers intend for this or not” (Cazes et al. 2011, p. 2). Approximately 50 percent of US adults own a smartphone (Nielsen 2012; Smith 2012), and approximately 20 percent of US adults own a tablet (Rainie 2012). These trends have serious implications for online surveys, especially for online surveys that are designed specifically for a computer screen and not modified, or optimized, for the smaller screen typical of a mobile device. In this paper, we present results from tablet, computer, and smartphone administrations of a survey. For each, we examine three measures of survey taking behavior. Our main focus is on surveys taken with tablets and whether tablet survey administration is comparable to computer survey administration. Our results are preliminary, but instructive, since there is currently very little research on tablet administration of online surveys. However, with tablet ownership on the rise, understanding the effects of this survey mode will become exceedingly more important. Just as tablets have served to fill the void between the often difficult-to-read smartphone screen and the difficult-to-transport computer, tablets can also fill the void for mobile survey takers.

A survey of smartphone and tablet computer use by colorectal surgeons in the UK and Continental Europe

The prevalence of smartphone or tablet computer ownership among colorectal surgeons in the UK and Continental Europe, and their use for academic activity, is unknown. The aims of this study were to ascertain the level of ownership of such devices, to determine their use in accessing medical literature and to obtain opinions on online publishing. A Web-based electronic 11-point questionnaire was emailed in March and April 2012 to all members of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI), the Dukes' Club and the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP). Members at all levels of training were included. Questions covered demographic details, technology ownership, current technology usage, options for future developments and attitudes to online publishing. The survey was sent to 1048 surgeons, and 182 (17.4%) responses were received. Smartphone and tablet ownership was 83.5% (152/182) and 36.8% (67/182), respectively. Respondents in the 21-50 years age group were more likely to own a smartphone and use it to access full-text versions of scientific papers or to access journals using an application (app). As an author, just over half (56.7%) of respondents were happy for their article to be published online only rather than in print. Nevertheless, journals published online only were perceived to be of lower status by 55.6% of respondents. Younger age groups are more likely to use smartphones and tablet computers to access medical publishing. The publishing of papers online only by journals with a print version is acceptable, but online only journals are perceived to have a lower status than print journals.