Table Legs Research Articles

PERANCANGAN TAS MEJA ERGONOMIS SEBAGAI PENUNJANG FASILITAS WORK FROM ANYWHERE

This ergonomic desk bag is useful as a product that makes it easier for people who work with high mobility so that a bag that functions as a storage area is combined with a foldable table and there are several features on the table, one of which is the height of the table legs that can be adjusted and in terms of materials choose materials that not too heavy so as not to make the user object. This product was made due to the lack of ergonomics of the table or the lack of availability of tables when people work outside the office. For this reason, this product is designed so that when carrying a bag, users can still use the table. The method used in this research is distributing questionnaires, the Ulrich and Eppinger Method, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process. . Ergonomic desk bag product design carries out the process of selecting the selected product then developing and implementing it on the user and the result is that the user can use the table when doing his work even though there is no table in that place.

The study of children’s preferences for the design elements of learning desks based on AHP-QCA

Children’s study tables are an integral part of a child’s learning life. Consumers are often attracted to their styling when deciding on the use and purchase of a children’s study desk. This study focused on consumption preference for the styling of children’s study desks and delved into the factors that influence these preferences. An important aspect of this research is to understand how different shapes of children’s desks influence consumer preferences through morphological analysis. The study breaks down these desks into six different parts based on morphological analysis: backplane, bookshelves, desktop, cabinet, drawer, and table legs. Through a hierarchical analysis (AHP) and pairwise comparisons, the study created a hierarchy of preferred morphological elements. The hierarchy ranked the importance of each element in influencing consumption preference, revealing the order of preference from backsplash to table legs. In addition, by integrating personal interviews and employing Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), this study provides insights into the most preferred components – backplane and bookshelves. This integrated approach revealed a preference for desks with curved backsplashes and multi-tiered functional shelves, which was ultimately validated by successfully combining weighted rankings of specific component styles.

Penerapan Metode Six Sigma Dengan Konsep DMAIC Sebagai Alat Pengendalian Kualitas Produk

This study aims to determine the value of sigma before improvement is carried out and find out the causes of defects in the production process, as well as produce proposals for improvement and quality control of products. The population in this study was Arsel furniture table products during April 2015 to March 2016 which amounted to 420 products. Sampling using purposive sampling techniques and with the considerations used, the number of samples used was 306 samples. The results of research using the Six Sigma method with the DMAIC concept as a product quality control tool in Arsel Mebel found defective products in the form of rupture during cutting, removal of laminate materials, size errors, and the process of drilling table legs. The results of the analysis showed that the defective product that was more dominant was broken at the time of cutting, which was 38 percent.

7763 Hysteroscopic Morcellation (with Bigatti Shaver) Under Laparoscopic Guidance: A Novel Approach to Management of Caesarean Scar Pregnancy

<h3>Study Objective</h3> To present our experience in treating cases with caesarean scar pregnancy by hysteroscopic morcellation using Bigatti Shaver over a period of 1 year. <h3>Design</h3> Longitudinal prospective study for 1 year & follow up done till beta HCG level comes to normal. <h3>Setting</h3> Patients positioning in the OT table: Lithotomy position, 45-degree angle between OT table & patients elevated legs. 2 Endomat Select: one for irrigation & other for suction, RPM-2100, Irrigation: 200-250 ml/min, Pressure: 150mm of Hg <h3>Patients or Participants</h3> 10 women between age 22-35years presented to us in the OPD with caesarean scar pregnancy confirmed on their dating ultrasound. <h3>Interventions</h3> Pre operative investigations were done prior to surgery and under laparoscopy they were posted for surgical intervention - removal of scar pregnancy by Bigatti Shaver. <h3>Measurements and Main Results</h3> • No fertility desired by the patient further, so patient should be tubectomised • It should be done till 7 weeks of period of gestation • Myometrial thickness should be between 2 to 4 mm <h3>Results</h3> 1. None had any intra or post operative complications. 2. Average duration of procedure: less than half an hour & blood loss less than 100ml. 3. Serial Beta HCG from the day of discharge and weekly therefore done, which returned to non-pregnant levels by end of 4 weeks. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Hysteroscopic morcellation is a convenient and effective mode of management of caesarean scar pregnancy with excellent safety profile and patient satisfaction rates.

Class Rooms

Class Rooms

RANCANG BANGUN MEJA SERBAGUNA MINIMALIS

The minimalist multipurpose table design aims to provide comfort for people who use it. As a society, of course, we need a product that not only has one function, but also has other functions that can make our daily life easier. This minimalist multipurpose table design aims to produce a product that can be used in a workspace that has a function for studying, doing office tasks, and so on. Besides that there are shelves that are used to place books, decorations, and so on. Data collection methods used for the preparation of this research report include primary data sources consisting of observations, and also through secondary data sources. The design process is carried out through several stages including measuring, cutting, welding, polishing, coloring, and assembling until the table is ready for use. Minimalist multipurpose table frame made of iron and wood with a shelf height of 115 cm, a table height of 75 cm, and distance between the two table legs 120 cm, and a table leg width of 50 cm.

ANALISIS ERGONOMI TERHADAP MEJA SERBAGUNA MINIMALIS

At this time there are many creative industries that make products to make it easier for consumers. We need a product that has a versatile function, is minimalistic, and doesn't take up much space or it can also be called a product that must have its own ergonomic function. Ergonomics analysis on the design of a minimalist multipurpose table frame aims to analyze the ergonomics of a minimalist multipurpose table in terms of the user's comfort level and suitability with the user's body posture and determine the cost per unit of the product of the minimalist multipurpose table design. In this study using a quantitative approach method. This method is used to examine certain populations or samples, data collection using research instruments, data analysis is quantitative/statistical, with the aim of testing predetermined hypotheses. The design process is carried out through several stages including field observations, literature studies, and questionnaires as well as interviews with resource persons. A minimalist multipurpose table frame made of iron and wood with a shelf height of 115 cm, a table height of 75 cm, a distance between the two table legs of 120 cm, and a table leg width of 50 cm. The results obtained from this study are above 85% or which can be categorized as very good. That way, it can be said that this minimalist multipurpose table provides an ergonomic impact for consumers or respondents.

PERANCANGAN MEJA LAPTOP ERGONOMIS DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DENGAN PENDEKATAN ANTROPOMETRI DAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD)

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many patterns of change in activities that were once normal have turned into virtual activities. One of them is the work from home system experienced by workers and the online learning system that occurs among students. Behind virtual activities like this, of course, they have to do long activities by staring at the laptop screen and need a laptop table to support this virtual activity. The use of inappropriate and non-ergonomic desks when working or studying from home can cause fatigue (fatigue) in some of the user's skeletal muscles. This research was conducted in order to be an innovative initiative and idea for the design of an ergonomic table design, functionality according to the needs and desires of its users, especially during a pandemic as it is today with its method approach, namely QFD and anthropometric suitability. The process of collecting data using a questionnaire, analyzing the data by determining percentiles, testing the validity, reliability, adequacy and uniformity of the data, then processed by HOQ analysis. The design of the resulting table product is a table with a design that can reduce musculoskeletal complaints, can be used for a sitting position or on a chair. The dimensions of this table are 70 cm long, 44 cm wide, 39 cm high when used on a bench and 68 cm maximum when sitting on a chair. In addition, this table also has additional features for drinking water insulation, book storage drawers, cooling pad holes, charger sockets and the table is easy to move because the table legs have wheels

Standing my ground.

When I saw the black bear emerge from the trees, I knew I shouldn't turn around and flee. So I held my ground in spite of my fear. It was a moment I'd been dreading for months. I'd been hired as an undergraduate field assistant to do geology work in an area with healthy populations of bears and cougars. I went into the summer not wanting to be alone in the field, fearing I'd encounter a potentially deadly animal. But bears and cougars turned out to be the least of my problems. I spent 6 weeks working alongside a male colleague who constantly belittled my abilities, leaving me mentally exhausted and questioning whether I belonged in the field. My encounter with the bear, in contrast, turned out to be empowering. > “I realized that if a wild animal feared me, I wasn't powerless after all.” I grew up in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and spent much of my childhood hiking, skiing, and otherwise exploring outdoors. I was fascinated by the mountains, streams, and canyons, so I decided to study geology at college. I loved my program and was excited when I had the opportunity to participate in summer field research. One summer, I spent nearly 3 months hiking every day and living in a rustic cabin. It was a great experience. My other summer in the field, however, was not. I was hired to work alongside my supervisor and one other undergraduate field assistant. Before we went into the field, I overheard the student telling others I was a slow hiker and that he hoped I wouldn't show up. It wasn't the first time he had disparaged my physical or intellectual abilities. Our supervisor didn't know our history before hiring us for the project. I desperately wanted to tell him about it, but I needed the research experience and I did not want him to second-guess hiring me. Once we were in the field, the other student never missed an opportunity to play the game of one-upmanship. He argued with me constantly. No matter what I said, he voiced an opposite position. The more it happened, the quieter I became. After a few weeks of misery, I could see that my supervisor was starting to have doubts about me, mistaking my silence for incompetence. Sensing his disappointment in me, I began to believe I wasn't cut out to be a scientist. Although I felt deeply uncomfortable with our team dynamics, I didn't want to work alone. We were in a remote area with rugged terrain, and I worried one of us might get injured and need help. I was also uneasy about encountering the locals alone. One man we had crossed paths with earlier in the summer had muttered something about seeing a woman and joked that he thought my rock hammer was a weapon. But when our supervisor left a few weeks early, the other student suggested we split up to cover more ground. I protested, telling him I was uncomfortable working alone. But he countered that I was paranoid. I felt I had no choice but to agree. A week later, I spotted the bear. At first I was terrified. But when it quickly ran away, simply because I was standing there, my feelings started to change. I realized that if a wild animal feared me, I wasn't powerless after all. I went back to camp with the confidence I needed to stand up to the real threat I faced that summer: the other student. That evening, after he criticized the way I was setting up the camp table for dinner, I threw the table legs down and told him how disgusted I was with how he'd treated me. He didn't apologize, but I felt better after getting it off my chest. I realized that in the future I need to address problems head-on rather than internalizing them and letting them affect my self-confidence. I am now in grad school, thanks in part to a supportive female mentor. I haven't faced any other dangerous beasts, but I assume I will someday. And the next time I do confront a bear, cougar, or menacing colleague, I won't turn around and run.

Research of technological processes of manufacture of legs of dining tables of various designs

A technical description of the legs of dining tables of various designs with the texture of oak wood with the following dimensions of 750 × 52 × 52 mm. A method for studying the production processes of production of dining table legs of various designs with the texture of oak wood. Necessary materials have been calculated to make three types of dining table legs with oak wood texture. The necessary equipment has been calculated and the routes of technological processes have been developed and the planning of the shops has been presented in order to make three varieties of modern dining table legs with oak wood texture. The comparison of technological processes of making dining table legs with the texture of oak wood is made. You have determined the rational technological process of making the legs of dining tables. It is estimated that the third option for making dining table legs with a wood texture of square cross-section is optimal, where the cost of equipment is 817.25 thousand UAH, the number of employees 10 people, total power is 34.8 kW. It should also be noted that the third option generates the least wood waste and residues, in particular in the amount of 103.37 m3, and the cost of materials for a set of legs in the amount of 4 pieces is the lowest, amounting to UAH 312, which is much less than other options. The highest value of economic efficiency is the third option of investment, which is 0.208. The payback period for this option is 4.8 years. Therefore, the technology of making dining table legs is recommended, in which the base is made of three laminated rails with chipboard with a thickness of 16 mm with a square cross section of 48 (16 × 3) × 48 mm, and the shank with a cross section of legs made of planed oak veneer with a thickness of 2 mm.

Design of work facilities using quality function deployment (QFD) and macro ergonomic analysis design (MEAD)

XYZ is a company engaged in the manufacturing of doors. XYZ process consists of 7 work stations, such as sorting of raw material, the unification of the core material, reaping, laminating, manufacture of components, finishing, and packing. Among 7 work stations, only 1 work station to work while standing still during work (8 hours) and do not have other work that supports the position that the work station finishing work. The purpose of this study is to make improvements to the facilities at the finishing work desk. Facility design work is done by using quality methods to obtain technical characteristics in accordance with the desire of works. Furthermore, the results of the design tool socialized to all component companies use macro ergonomic analysis and design (MEAD). From the result of the design was found that the workbench is design to have the specification table legs fixed, material frame of iron, base material of foam, base material of leather, color frame brown, place mats of blue, the durability of the table at least 3 years, and additional function where the laying equipment. Result are discussed with the company designing and disseminated to the component companies

Tracking People in a Mobile Robot From 2D LIDAR Scans Using Full Convolutional Neural Networks for Security in Cluttered Environments.

Tracking people has many applications, such as security or safe use of robots. Many onboard systems are based on Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) sensors. Tracking peoples' legs using only information from a 2D LIDAR scanner in a mobile robot is a challenging problem because many legs can be present in an indoor environment, there are frequent occlusions and self-occlusions, many items in the environment such as table legs or columns could resemble legs as a result of the limited information provided by two-dimensional LIDAR usually mounted at knee height in mobile robots, etc. On the other hand, LIDAR sensors are affordable in terms of the acquisition price and processing requirements. In this article, we describe a tool named PeTra based on an off-line trained full Convolutional Neural Network capable of tracking pairs of legs in a cluttered environment. We describe the characteristics of the system proposed and evaluate its accuracy using a dataset from a public repository. Results show that PeTra provides better accuracy than Leg Detector (LD), the standard solution for Robot Operating System (ROS)-based robots.

조선 辛未通信使行의 東萊府 印床 고찰

The last diplomatic mission to Japan during the Joseon period took place in 1811 (the eleventh year of the reign of King Sunjo). A formal banquet was held in Busan to praise their hard work and to pray for the successful completion of their mission. This seal table, or insang (印床), of Dongnae-bu county office designed to support an official seal case, is a type of furniture for use at a banquet for guests of the state. This example was actually used at an official banquet in Busan. An inscription of thirty-one characters is written in ink on the table. It describes how the officers Bak Su-ryang and Yi Yeong-jun, who are affiliated with the Naval Command of Dongnae-bu and also members of the Tongsinsa mission, requested this seal table of the county office on the eighth day of the third month of the year 1811, after the banquet was held. The inscription provides information about the use and owner of the table as well as people connected to it and when the item was used. The seal table is comprised of an octagonal top panel, rails, aprons, legs in the shape of tiger feet, and struts. It is coated with red lacquer and partially painted in blue-green, light blue, and black. It maintains its original form, although there are traces of use and previous restorations. The seal table is associated with a boan (寶案), a table for the royal seal, in terms of function. In appearance, it can be compared to a jujeong (酒亭, tables for liquor vessels), agasang (阿架床, ritual tables for placing liquor jars), or hyangjwaa (香佐兒, tables for incense burners and incense cases). Excluding the shape of the top panel, this seal table particularly recalls jujeong and agasang. A jujeong, however, is a conservative piece of furniture that has retained its form since the earliest days. Agasang, on the other hand, seems to have been applied as a broad name for tables since the term has been used for both jujeong and dajeong (茶亭, table for serving tea). It also carries the meaning that the table legs are highly decorative. This characteristic of ornamental legs is found in the Dongnae-bu seal table, demonstrating a certain relationship between the two. This seal table is an important source of information for examining the function and use of seal tables and other characteristics of furniture from the early nineteenth century, as well as for studying the Tongsinsa Mission of 1811 and the associated state banquet.

KAJIAN DESAIN DINING SET MID CENTURY DENGAN SISTEM KNOCK-DOWN STUDI KASUS NEW ELEGANT, LTD.

Mid century is one of furniture style which is quite difficult to be made knock-down for its slim structure. With market high demand of this particular style, furniture company needs to always release new designs with added value. One of added values is knock-down system. Knock-down is generally applied in furniture for space saving. A Case study is taken at New Elegant, Ltd., Vietnam, a furniture company focuses more on dining sets. Mid century dining chair design which can be produced at this company should have 3 basic constructions similar to factory standards (seat frame, front legs, chair back). While dining table design should have table top and table legs assembled with hardware (with or without apron). Forms of design is relative, adjusting to mid century design characteristics, rounded and slim. Quotation price should be in retail price rangeof USD90-99 per piece, and according to cost estimation, designs proposed are within this range.In terms of loadibility, knock-down designs in this research are 48% more efficient in space compared to those with non knock-down structure.Thus, this design model could be a reference on how to modify knock-down mid century designs

Building the foundations of a formal system of the laptop table

The study of the laptop computer table is one of the important studies at the present time due to the importance of electronic computers that are used in work sites and homes for very long hours, so one of the most important basics of caring for the comfort of the user lies in the design of the laptop table in different shapes and sizes and multiple functions in addition to calculating the measurements of the human body and the extent Its compatibility with the design and measurements of laptop computer tables by taking into account the calculations and measurements of the dimensions of the user's body of all ages and their consistency and use with the general measurements of the tables and the importance of research comes through the establishment of a knowledge base covering the topic of research to be of benefit to designers and specialists in this field and of benefit to product users as this study is It included all aspects of the tables, and the aim of this study was: to find foundations for building the formal system for the laptop table to be more suitable for the user. As for the limits of the research, the study of the formal system for the laptop table of the Chinese company Havic and available in the Iraqi market during the year 2011-2012 This study contains four chapters, the first chapter includes the research problem and the need for it in addition to oh The amount of research and its objectives and limits. As for the second chapter, it included the previous studies and the theoretical framework, which in turn contained three topics, the first was titled Foundations of Building the Formal System for the Laptop Desk and it contained an overview of the laptop computer, the laptop table, the system, the shape, and the second topic was titled Multifunctionality of the Laptop Table The third topic is on the mechanism of the human body ergonomics and its relationship to the laptop table. And then this chapter ended with indicators. The third chapter includes research procedures and methodology, and includes description and analysis of sample samples according to the axes analysis form. Finally, the fourth chapter included the results of the analysis, conclusions, recommendations and proposals. 1. The design system was distinguished by the efficiency of the functional performance and it helped in that the flat and supportive surface of the table surface in addition to the mechanism of the movement of the legs up and down as well as laterally and this achieved a distinct performance aspect although there were no fans for cooling The laptop computer while working and this was achieved in Form No. (1) and the percentage was 50%, while Model No. (2) achieved higher efficiency in functionality due to the presence of fans and the percentage was 50% .2 The dimensions of the computer tables differed according to the user’s need, as they were voluntary To the user as he wants through the size of the table tops and its inclination mechanism in addition to controlling the height and drop of the table legs. 3 The interconnectedness between the design parts aims to influence the functionality in a good way and this was achieved through the use of appropriate fastening means for the mechanism of movement and movement of the table by 50%

Keturių “stalo atramų” konsensuso modelis iš funkcionalizmo, takiosios modernybės bei kompleksiškosios teorijų perspektyvos

Based on the principle that the intensification of people mobility and societies configurations differentiation is the ongoing process de facto in societies living under democratic values , reaction to the dynamism of the plurality in societies is one of the most urgent problems in the contemporary world. Focusing on this problem and trying to find answers for it, the author of this article created a unique model: KSAK model. KSAK is the abbreviation in Lithuanian of the phrase “The four “table legs” for consensus” (Keturios “stalo atramos” konsensusui). The objective of this model is to provide strong premises for the pursuit of consensus. In pluralistic societies, where living individuals differently perceive and react to reality, social cohesion cannot be sought through universalism. In this case, this cohesion can be reached only by compromise, by pursuit of consensus. The KSAK model consists of four main affirmations. These affirmations raised by the KSAK model require being analyzed and confirmed empirically and theoretically, being a strong base for the model, and consequently, to the “table” for consensus it might have a firm basis. Therefore, the goal of this article is to analyze the affirmations of the new model created by the author of this article, through various sociological perspectives, namely through the modern and postmodern sociological theory. For this, as a representative of modern sociology, functionalism of Émile Durkheim was chosen. As representatives of postmodern sociology, liquid modernity of Zygmunt Bauman and theory of complexity of Edgar Morin were chosen. For the accomplishment of this work various theoretical literatures, mainly Portuguese, Spanish, Italian and English, were analyzed.

Living at the Crossroads: Three Exhibitions Vodou, a Way of Life, exhibition catalogue for Le Vodou, un art de vivre by Jacques Hainard and Philippe Mathez, and: Caribbean: Art at the Crossroads of the World, exhibition catalogue for Caribbean; Crossroads of the World by El Museo del Barrio, Harlem Studio Museum, and Queens Museum, and: Kafou, exhibition catalogue for Kafou

Living at the Crossroads: Three Exhibitions Vodou, a Way of Life, exhibition catalogue for Le Vodou, un art de vivre, Hainard, Jacques and Philippe Mathez. Geneva, Switzerland: Musee d'Ethnographie de Genevre, 2007. ISBN 978-2-88474-232-0. 175 pp. $41 - $116.00 paperback.Caribbean: Art at the Crossroads of the World, exhibition catalogue for Caribbean; Crossroads of the World, El Museo del Barrio, Harlem Studio Museum, Queens Museum. New York: El Museo del Barrio and Yale University Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0-300-17854-8. 491 pp. $65.00 paperback.Kafou, exhibition catalogue for Kafou, Nottingham Contemporary. Nottingham, England: Nottingham Contemporary Art Center, 2012. ISBN 978-1-907421-05-1. 247 pp. £25.00.Since the Sacred Arts of Haitian Vodou exhibitions and comprehensive catalogue of 1998-1999, neither Haitian art nor the wider category of Caribbean art has had such a simultaneous international presence in the art space as they had in 2011 and 2012. Three substantial presentations in Europe and the United State attracted large numbers of viewers. Vodou, Un Art de Vivre in Switzerland, Netherlands, Germany and Canada; Caribbean: Crossroads of the World in New York; and Kafou at Nottingham Contemporary, Nottingham, England each produced catalogue guides of permanent cultural merit.Vodou, un art de vivre featured Madame Marianne Lehmann's collection of Bizango and Vodou art: La Fondation pour la Preservation, la Valorisation et la Production d'OEuvres Culturelles Haitiens (FPVOCH). The exhibition was at the Musee d'Ethnographie de Geneve from December 2007 to August 2008; Amsterdam's Tropenmuseum 2008-2009; the Berlin Ethnologischishes Museum 209-2010; the Bremen Ubersee Museum in 2011; finally in Musee Canadien des Civilisations in Gatineau, Quebec, from November 2012 to February of 2013.The catalogue includes texts by Jacques Hainard, Philippe Mathez, Arnaud Robert, Oliver Schinz, and Gamila Walter; interviews with Marianne Lehmann and Max Beauvoir; an essay on the Vodou-Makaya tradition by Rachel Beauvoir-Dominique, and instructive excerpts from the writings of Beauvoir-Dominique, Elizabeth McAlister, and Patrick Polk. It highlights the importance of crossroads, presenting them as the transcendent geography of life and death. Several of the clay sculptures are of theriomorphic creatures existing as species at the crossroads of human and animal, incorporating an imaginaire of the genetic power of both.The Lehmann collection notably includes art generated in secret societies such as Bizango. Secret societies and Vodou should be distinguished from one another; but many Haitians participate in both. They share many beliefs and practices, and have a common source in Haiti's slavery and liberation history. Paralleling bellicose Vodou Petwo rites, forged in anguished resistance to colonial slave economy, arts produced in the secret milieu tend to be aggressive, even brutal, proclaiming a spirit of vigorous combat for self- and community preservation. Swaths of black, red and shades of grey dominate this collection and the catalogue, relieved by light scintillating out of darkness from mirrors and glittering ritual banners. The banners are gorgeous reminders of the fighting military heritage, as Patrick Polk has shown in Haitian Vodou Flags.Superbly photographed by Johnathan Watts, the more than 100 catalogue illustrations evoke a sense that the statues, assemblages, ceramic, wooden or metal objects and flags are an army of occupation. Safely on the page, their palpability nevertheless emanates power from their dark but optimistic presence. Overall the anthropomorphic and theriomorphic constructions especially are unsettling chimera. Danger is a resident force in the objects, fully capable of being unleashed if called upon. Not readily visible in the illustrations are table and chair legs fashioned from femurs and tibias. These appear also in Atis Rezistans works included in the Kafou exhibition. …

Flexural creep behavior of sandwich panels containing Kraft paper honeycomb core and wood composite skins

Flexural creep behavior is an important performance related characteristic for sandwich panels used as products, such as kitchen bench tops, table legs, and bookshelves. In order to characterize the creep behavior of the sandwich panels with Kraft paper honeycomb core and wood composite skins, a series of creep tests were carried out under a constant three-point bending. The sandwich panels contained different types of core and skin materials as well as various core and skin thicknesses. The flexural creep deflection as a function of time for each type of sandwich panel was measured. The results show that the flexural creep behavior of the sandwich panel is affected by honeycomb core shape, core and skin thickness, and skin material type.

How Perception Impacts on Drawings.

In 3 experiments the authors investigate how errors in perception produce errors in drawings. In Experiment 1, when Shepard stimuli were shown as a pair of tables, participants made severe errors in trying to adjust 1 part of the stimulus to match the other. When the table legs were removed, revealing a pair of parallelograms with minimal perspective cues, the illusion was weaker. The authors predicted that participants would err when drawing the table but not the parallelogram stimuli. The results of Experiment 2 support the prediction and establish a direct link between degree of perceptual distortion of the table stimuli and the severity of error in drawing. When drawing only the right-hand part of the figure, participants also erred to a greater degree in drawing the table than the parallelogram (Experiment 3). Collectively, the results suggest that perceptual distortion is linked with errors in drawing the table stimuli.

Functional Scalability through Generative Representations: The Evolution of Table Designs

One of the main limitations for the functional scalability of automated design systems is the representation used for encoding designs. I argue that generative representations, those which are capable of reusing elements of the encoded design in the translation to the actual artifact, are better suited for automated design because reuse of building blocks captures some design dependencies and improves the ability to make large changes in design space. To support this argument I compare a generative and a nongenerative representation on a table-design problem and find that designs evolved with the generative representation have higher fitness and a more regular structure. Additionally the generative representation was found to capture better the height dependency between table legs and also produced a wider range of table designs.