Introduction: Biliary complications remain a real issue in liver transplantation (LT). The anastomosis technique, especially the use of T tube drainage, is still debated. Our goal was to study the biliary complication (BC) rate after LT, in particular anastomotic stenosis (AS), according to the kind of biliary reconstruction. Methods: 1485 patients with LT surgery between 2009 to 2015 in 4 LT centers were included, divided into 3 groups: no drain (ND n = 442), transcystic drain (TCD, n = 169) and T-Tube drain (TT n = 874).The TT group includes 3 techniques : trans-anastomotic TT, sub-anastomotic TT and peritonized TT. Fistula and SA rates were studied. The risk factors of BC were investigated by multivariate analysis. Results: The BC rate was lower in the TT group (17% TT, 25% TCD, 31% ND, p < 0.05), the complication rate > Dindo II is higher in the ND group (24% vs 10% TT p < 0.05). Arterial complication has been found as a risk factor of BC with the multivariate analysis (OR 1.86 [1.20 – 2.84], p < 0.01) and TT as a protector factor (OR 0.49 [0.36 – 0.70], p < 0.001) . In addition, the TT decreased by 5 the risk of SA (p < 0.05 OR 0.19 [0.12–0.28]). The fistula rate does not differ regardless of the reconstruction mode. Conclusion: In this study, biliary drain decreases the of BC. TT appears to be the best drainage, regardless of the way it is set up, to reduce the SA.