Tert-amyl Methyl Ether Research Articles

Isobaric vapor—liquid equilibrium in two binary systems involving tert-amyl methyl ether

Vapor—liquid equilibrium data ( x-y-T-P) were measured using the Świȩtosa̵wski ebulliometric still in binary methanol-2-methoxy-2-methylbutane (tert-amyl methyl ether, TAME) and 2-methoxy-2-methylbutane(TAME)—phenol systems at 101.325 kPa. The maximum-likelihood method was applied to adjust parameters in several liquid phase activity coefficient models (regular, Redlich-Kister, Van Laar, Wilson, Renon-Prausnitz (NRTL) and UNIQUAC) to obtain the reduced experimental x-T-P data and the best models were selected.

Synthese de l'ether methyl ter-amylique (tame) en catalyse acide: cinetiques et equilibres de la methoxylation du methyl-2 butene-2

Tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) has been prepared by methoxylation of a pure C 5 isoolefin with good selectivity. A polymer-supported sulfonic acid proved to be the best catalyst. The isomerization of 2-methyl-1-butene and 2-methyl-2-butene has been studied under methoxylation conditions of the isoolefin, since they are the decomposition products of TAME; in both cases the major isomer obtained is 2-methyl-2-butene (92 – 97%). The methoxylation kinetics of 2-methyl-2-butene in the temperature range 55 – 90 °C show a reversible reaction, with an equilibrium constant decreasing from 4.48 (at 55 °C) to 1.09 (at 90 °C). Consistent results are obtained for the enthalpy of TAME formation (−41.17 kJ mol −1) and decomposition (+40.54 kJ mol −1) and for activation energy of the forward ( E 1 = 81.09 kJ mol −1) and reverse ( E = 114.95 kJ mol −1) reactions. These kinetic and thermodynamic data agree with an electrophilic addition reaction mechanism with a carbocationic intermediate, the rate-determining step being the protonation of the alkene.

Extraction of phenols with tert-amyl methyl ether from coking plant wastewater : Laboratory and pilot plant results

The equilibrium distribution coefficient K for mixed phenols, between coking plant wastewater and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), is determined. The effect of pH upon the distribution K of pure phenol is measured in the buffered water solution-phenol-TAME system. Laboratory and pilot plant results of continuous countercurrent extraction of mixed phenols from coking plant wastewater are reported.

Excess volumes in the methanol-tert-amyl methyl ether system at 298.15 K

Excess volumes have been measured by means of a vibrating-tube densimeter in the methanol - tert-amyl methyl ether system at 298.15 K. The excess volumes are negative over the whole concentration range.

Liquid-liquid equilibrium in the system methanol-water-tert-amyl methyl ether

Liquid-liquid equilibrium was measured in the system methanol (MEOH)-water(W)-tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) at 20 °C. Nine tie-lines and the binary solubilities were correlated by the Rod method. A comparison is presented of the representation of experimental data in terms of the Rod method and the NRTL and UNIQUAC equation.

Use of ethers as high-octane components of gasolines

This article reports on a study of the possible utilization of methyl tert-amyl ether (MTAE) as an automotive gasoline component, both by itself and in combination with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The naphtha used in these studies consisted of 80% reformer naphtha produced under severe conditions and 20% straight-run IBP-62/sup 0/C cut. The physicochemical properties of the MTAE, the MTBE, and the naphtha base stock are given. It is determined that MTAE, which has a slightly poorer knock resistance than MTBE, is fully equal to MTBE in all other respects and can be used as an automotive gasoline component; that a gasoline blend prepared from 89% naphtha base stock, 5.5% MTAE, and 5.5% MTBE meets all of the requirements of the standard GOST 2084-77 for Grade AI-93 gasoline; and that the use of MTAE offers a means for expanding the resources of high-octane components, lowering the toxicity of the gasolines and the exhaust gas (in comparison with organometallic antiknock agents), and bringing non-petroleum raw materials into the fuel production picture.

The viscosity of gasoline

The transportation of bitumens and heavy oils is made difficult by the excessively high viscosity of these compounds. The current solution to this problem is the dilution of the compounds with C4 + liquid hydrocarbon to the extent that the mixture becomes pumpable through surface pipelines. To open new avenues for transportation of heavy oils, oxygenates, which are gaining acceptance as octane enhancing components in gasoline, are investigated as an alternative diluent. This study investigates the use of the oxygenate tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) as a blending diluent with Cold Lake bitumen, and compares the results to a previous study by the same authors which utilized methyl tret-butyl ether (MTBE) as the blending agent. A liquid viscosity model was utilized to calculate the component viscosities as a function of temperature, and then a mixing rule to determine blend viscosities as a function of composition. The mathematical viscosity model suggested for the blends in these investigations was found to be accurate over the entire range of compositions and temperatures for both oxygenates. A number of simple experimental distillations performed on mixtures of bitumen and oxygenates proved that these easily separate without any significant loss.