Fungi of the genus Fusarium are nonpigmented organisms that are occasional pathogens of humans [1]. Their natural habitat is the natural environment, and they are important causes of contamination of soil and plant debris as well as causes of major economic diseases of grain crops, both in the field and in harvested grain stored under wet conditions. Their conidia are disseminated on air currents, and are most often found in the airborne flora in summer and autumn, particularly after rain [2,3]. Fusaria have long been recognised as important causes of mycotoxicoses such as toxic aleukia associated with ingestions of contaminated food, but they also cause poisoning in animals, such haemorrhagic and oestrogenic syndromes. The T2 toxin produced by fusaria is, for instance, an inhibitor of protein synthesis and it may also affect platelet aggregation. Another important group of toxins are the tricothecenes which affect immunity, but they are also toxic to the skin. It is not clear if these organisms’ pathological capabilities are enhanced by their production of a wide range of tissue toxins. Fusaria are, however, found to cause a number of important human diseases. These include disseminated fusariosis seen mainly in neutropenic subjects and increasingly described in association with severe neutropenic states associated with the management of leukaemia [4]. In Europe and the US the distribution of these infections varies; the infections are commoner for instance in Italy and France than elsewhere in Europe, although there is considerable variation in incidence between different hospital units. Fusarium species may cause localised deep infections [5], e.g. of the peritoneum following contamination of peritoneal dialysis catheters. In addition, these organisms also cause eumycetomas and corneal infections, mycotic keratitis, that may progress to endophthalmitis. Fusaria are sometimes found growing on leg ulcers, including diabetic ulcers, as well as the surface of burns, and cause deep invasion from these sites.