Organizational Structure System Research Articles

Evaluation of Communicable Diseases Surveillance System Structure in Mosul City

Background: One of the most important global public health issues and it is a major source of death for many people around the world. Illnesses caused by infection invasion of the body with specific germs such as viruses, bacteria, funguses, and parasites. Aim(s): Evaluatıng communicable diseases surveillance system structure at Mosul City. Methodology: A descriptive study using an evaluation approach is conducted to evaluate the Communicable Diseases Surveillance System Structure in Mosul City from April 20th 2022 to May 21th 2023. A non-probability multistage sample was adopted of the study, as twenty-three (23) health institutions are chosen and interview is conducted with health staff works in the communicable diseases Surveillance System. Developed evaluation tool (Questionnaire) used to collect the data according to WHO framework (Generic Questionnaire) for monitoring and evaluating surveillance and response system for communicable disease. Results: The outcomes indicate that the most of system's organizational structure component are effective, available and sufficient to implement such system for the benefit of consumers from communicable diseases services’ in relation to patient surveillance manual, personnel, resources and supplies and training. However, the study findings showed that Public Health Department, both healthcare sectors and hospitals, in Mosul City, have much better organizational structure of Communicable Diseases Surveillance System than Main and Family Medicine Primary Healthcare Centers. Conclusion: All hospitals, in Mosul City, have presented an experimental evidence that their organizational structure of the Communicable Diseases Surveillance System is well competent to implement it.

Pharmacy informatics in multihospital health systems: Opportunities and challenges.

Challenges and opportunities in managing pharmacy-related technology in a multihospital health system are reviewed. With electronic medical record (EMR) implementations, pharmacy technology deployments, and increased numbers of hospitals merging into single health systems, opportunities and challenges for pharmacy informatics (PI) teams have grown. Pharmacy leaders must consider the implications of using technology in a multihospital health-system environment, as well as the impact of the health system's organizational structures on technology implementations and dedicated support teams. Common challenges in achieving EMR and other technology implementation and standardization initiatives in multihospital health systems include harmonization of practices across hospitals of various sizes and types and issues of platform compatibility and interoperability. PI teams must collaborate with information technology teams at the system level to identify practical strategies for making the best use of available resources to implement pharmacy automation and software to help pharmacists continue to provide safe and effective patient care. The organizational structures that affect informatics teams, pharmacy integration and standardization initiatives, formulary management practices, data management and analytics, and clinical decision support systems all must be areas of focus. An integrated pharmacy enterprise can be well positioned to leverage operational efficiencies gained from appropriate use of technology to enhance patient care. Careful attention must be paid to the manner in which these systems are designed, implemented, and managed in order to make the best use of the technological resources used by the health system.

GGPRF: AGPU-Based Generic Parallel Rendering Framework

With the development of CUDA architecture and GPU technologies, parallel rendering technologys have been developed rapidly. There are already some parallel rendering frameworks, such as Chromium, MPK, VR Juggler, etc., but these systems have obvious flaws.In this paper,GGPRF: a GPU-Based Generic Parallel Rendering Framework is proposed. The framework contains three roles, Master, Server, and Slave, which are responsible for rendering task drivers, cluster management, and rendering. Server manages the entire parallel rendering system's organizational structure through the NTTree (Network Topological Tree) data structure. GGPRFhas improved the shortcomings of the existing universal parallel rendering framework, which has the advantages of universal, extensibility and ease of use. In this paper, the design of the frame is described in detail and the experiment is tested.

The Role of Networks in the European Union Public Health Experience

Improving our understanding of how the public health system should be organized is important, because the system's organizational structure makes a significant difference to the public's health. How the system is structured influences a practitioner's ability to respond and the system's capacity to adapt to changing circumstances. In view of the scarce resources society is willing to expend for public health, it is essential to have a structure in place that most appropriately and efficiently allocates those resources. The articles in this issue offer considerable insight from a European context, that deserves attention from US public health practitioners, advocates, and policy makers.

Tale of two databases: The history of federally funded information systems for education and medicine

Abstract Access to scholarly information in the disciplines of education and medicine occurred primarily through the simultaneous development of two bibliographic databases. The Education Resource Information Center (ERIC) originated as a resource designed to be comprehensive in its inclusion of peer-reviewed and unpublished literature for the entire education community. MEDLINE began as a resource of selective materials for physicians and researchers. Today, ERIC includes selected peer-reviewed literature directed primarily to researchers and practitioners, although others use the database, while MEDLINE is a vast information system serving all health professionals and consumers. This literature analysis of their policy history shows important differences in their evolution. Application of the Multiple Streams Framework can help in formulating possible explanations for the different developmental paths. These paths include: the degree of centralization or decentralization of the information system's organizational structure; the stability of the organizational mission; and the success of assessment strategies, federal budgetary support, and bias toward science in federal policy-making. These two government-supported databases served as models for a plethora of other databases. However, one was successful in acquiring funding from the outset, while the other continually suffered deficiencies in support. The importance of each to public welfare should have been obvious, but was not.

A capabilities-based model for adaptive organizations

Multiagent systems have become popular over the last few years for building complex, adaptive systems in a distributed, heterogeneous setting. Multiagent systems tend to be more robust and, in many cases, more efficient than single monolithic applications. However, unpredictable application environments make multiagent systems susceptible to individual failures that can significantly reduce its ability to accomplish its overall goal. The problem is that multiagent systems are typically designed to work within a limited set of configurations. Even when the system possesses the resources and computational power to accomplish its goal, it may be constrained by its own structure and knowledge of its member's capabilities. To overcome these problems, we are developing a framework that allows the system to design its own organization at runtime. This paper presents a key component of that framework, a metamodel for multiagent organizations named the Organization Model for Adaptive Computational Systems. This model defines the requisite knowledge of a system's organizational structure and capabilities that will allow it to reorganize at runtime and enable it to achieve its goals effectively in the face of a changing environment and its agent's capabilities.

The application of axiomatic design and lean management principles in the scope of production system segmentation

Systematic design and evaluation of segmented production system structures is the subject of this paper. Recently emerged paradigms of Lean Management and Business Process Re-engineering call for adaptation of a production system's organizational structure to be more reactive to a volatile and diversified market behaviour. One opportunity to optimize production system design is segmentation of the manufacturing enterprise into small, flexible and decentralized production units. The presented segmentation procedure utilizes an Axiomatic Design framework and supports Lean Management practices following strategic, organizational, and technological design aspects. A case study exemplifies the developed methodology to improve the competitiveness of a manufacturing company.

Wagging the Tail with the Dog: Organizational Design Considerations in Ergonomics

A macroergonomics approach to system design, focused around establishing the design of the system's organizational structure before proceeding with the microergonomic design of jobs, work groups, and human-machine interfaces is proposed. The major dimensions and generalizable models of organizational structure are reviewed. Key measurable variables that can be evaluated by human factors specialists as part of the systems analysis/preliminary systems design process and utilized to determine optimal macroergonomic design are reviewed. Empirical results of the effects of these key variables on organizational design are summarized.