Acetone System Research Articles

An Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Acetone and Mesityl Oxide Adsorption on Acid Catalyst

The interactions between the acetone carbonyl and the carbonyl and double bond of mesityl oxide and the Brönsted and Lewis acid sites of acid catalysts have been studied by Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The acetone carbonyl interactions with bridging acidic OH and with bridging weakly acidic OH can be distinguished from one another semiquantitatively. This was substantiated by a quasi one-to-one relation between the number of bridging OH in a cluster Si−nAl containing only one Al and the number of strongly hydrogen-bonded acetone. The distinction between Brönsted and Lewis sites is not easy with acetone, while it is with mesityl oxide. The system acetone−mesityl oxide adsorbed an acid catalysts is rather unique, since the reagent and the reaction product of the condensation reaction are qualitatively and quantitatively detectable by FTIR spectroscopy. The quantitative determination of the coverage of the acid sites by the reagent and the reaction product was a prerequisite to the study of the reaction presented elsewhere.

Product sequences in azeotropic batch distillation

AbstractThe formation of multicomponent azeotropes in waste‐solvent streams often complicates separation and recovery of solvents. The implications of applying batch distillation to such a mixture can be studied in a residue curve map. Ahmad and Barton (1996) extend and generalize the theory for ternary residue curve maps applied to batch distillation to homogeneous systems with an arbitrary number of components. These theoretical results are used to develop an algorithm for elucidating the structure of the batch distillation composition simplex for a system with an arbitrary number of components. The batch distillation regions are identified by completing unstable boundary limit sets. The completed boundary limit sets accurately represent the topological structure of the composition simplex and make it possible to extract all product sequences achievable when applying batch distillation. The algorithm is demonstrated on the five‐component system acetone, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, and benzene, which exhibits nine azeotropes. Furthermore, the set of batch distillation product sequences predicted is validated using a commercial dynamic batch distillation column model. Although the problem does not closely approach the limiting conditions of the theory, the predictions agree excellently with the simulations.

Isothermal Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium Data for the Acetone + Methanol + Lithium Nitrate System

Isothermal vapor−liquid equilibrium data at (39.5, 55.0, and 70.6) °C have been measured for the system acetone (1) + methanol (2) + lithium nitrate (3) at constant salt molalities (0.000, 0.500, 1.00, 2.000, and 3.000) with the help of headspace gas chromatography. The data were compared with the predicted results using the LIQUAC model.

Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium Data for Acetone + Methanol + Benzene, Chloroform + Methanol + Benzene, and Constituent Binary Systems at 101.3 KPa

Isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria were measured for the ternary systems of acetone + methanol + benzene and chloroform + methanol + benzene and their constituent binary systems of acetone + benzene and methanol + benzene at atmospheric pressure. The pressure control system was the only modification of the apparatus described previously. Parameters of the Wilson and NRTL equations were determined from binary data, and the predictions for the two ternary systems were compared with experiments. The NRTL equation gave better results for the acetone + methanol + benzene system, and the Wilson equation yielded a better prediction for the chloroform + methanol + benzene system.

Dielectric and conformational studies of hydrogen bonded acetone and acetonitrile system

Dielectric studies of the 1:1 mixture of acetone and acetonitrile are performed at 300 kHz, three microwave frequencies and optical frequencies to determine the dipole moment of the binary system. The dipole moments are determined using Guggenhiem's method and Higasi's method. The dipole moment value obtained from these measurements are compared with that obtained from semi-empirical and ab-initio methods. Conformational studies have been carried out with two isomers. Good agreement is seen. In addition, 13C NMR chemical shifts have been determined to seek further experimental proof for the minimum energy conformer obtained for the binary system. It is found that the [CO⋯H] bond is more favourable than the [CN⋯H] bond.

Acetone transport in poly(ethylene terephthalate) and related phenomena

The acetone transport in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and related phenomena was investigated. Based on Harmon's model for Case I, Case II, and the anomalous transport, we analyzed the data of mass uptake. The diffusivity for Case I and the velocity for Case II satisfied the Arrhenius plot. It was found that the solvent moves from outer surfaces to the center according to Case I kinetics, and there is movement in the opposite direction according to Case II kinetics during the mass uptake. This result indicated that pure Case II behavior did not appear in the PET–acetone system. The saturated amount of acetone in PET satisfied the van't Hoff plot. X-ray diffraction pattern and DSC curve showed solvent-induced crystallites and thermal crystallites. The results of density measurement explained the difference of the sorption kinetics between the acetone-treated PET crystallites and thermally treated PET. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 163–169, 1998

Acetone transport in poly(ethylene terephthalate) and related phenomena

The acetone transport in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and related phenomena was investigated. Based on Harmon's model for Case I, Case II, and the anomalous transport, we analyzed the data of mass uptake. The diffusivity for Case I and the velocity for Case II satisfied the Arrhenius plot. It was found that the solvent moves from outer surfaces to the center according to Case I kinetics, and there is movement in the opposite direction according to Case II kinetics during the mass uptake. This result indicated that pure Case II behavior did not appear in the PET–acetone system. The saturated amount of acetone in PET satisfied the van't Hoff plot. X-ray diffraction pattern and DSC curve showed solvent-induced crystallites and thermal crystallites. The results of density measurement explained the difference of the sorption kinetics between the acetone-treated PET crystallites and thermally treated PET. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 163–169, 1998

Study of Chemical Oscillation in a Mixed Substrate System of Gallic Acid and Acetone using Cerium(IV) Ions as Catalyst and a Comparative Study of the Catalytic Activity of Cerium(IV) Ions and Ferroin

Study of Chemical Oscillation in a Mixed Substrate System of Gallic Acid and Acetone using Cerium(IV) Ions as Catalyst and a Comparative Study of the Catalytic Activity of Cerium(IV) Ions and Ferroin

Gas Phase Derivations of Endohedral Metallofullerenes by Ion-Molecular Reactions

Gas phase ion-molecular reactions of endohedral metallofullerenes with the self-chemical ionization ion system of vinyl acetate, benzene and acetone in the ion source of the mass spectrometer have been studied. Several derivatized endohedral metallofullerene cations [M@C82-C2H3O]+, [M2@C80-C2H3O]+, [M@C82-C6H6]+ and [M@C82-CO-CH3]+ are observed as the major products. The experimental results indicate that endohedral metallofullerenes have active gas phase reactivities and can be efficiently derivatized by some small organic cations.

Particle design Part A: Nucleation kinetics of ketoprofen

This work is part of a study of the spherical crystallization process by the quasi-emulsion method. The induction time of ketoprofen in acetone + ketoprofen solutions and in solutions of acetone + water + ketoprofen have been experimentally determined. Ketoprofen presents a large metastable zone in the case of primary nucleation and a very narrow metastable zone in the case of secondary nucleation. The rate of primary nucleation in pure acetone has been measured and is correlated by the equation 1.0 × 1036 exp (-2.68 × 106/T3 × ln2S) (in number m3 s−1). The physico-chemical properties—phase diagram of the system acetone + water + ketoprofen involved in the process-are given. An experiment to study crystallization into a droplet is presented.

Platinum as a Chlorine Dioxide/Chlorite Redox Electrode in ClO2-Based Oscillating Reactions and a New Semibatch Oscillator: The ClO2−Acetone System with I- Inflow

A systematic study of the potential response of platinum electrode to various redox species in ClO2-based chemical oscillators proves that it is the Cl(+4)/Cl(+3) redox pair that determines the potential in these systems. According to the results reported here, the electrode potential can be predicted from known concentrations of the Cl(+4) and Cl(+3) species, or inversely, these concentrations can be estimated from the measured potential. Thus, at constant ClO2 levels the platinum behaves as a “chlorite selective” electrode. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, potentiometric oscillations were recorded in two different ClO2-based oscillating systems, and the experimental results were compared with potentiometric traces calculated by two alternative models.

Binodal curve of two liquid phases and solid-liquid equilibrium for water + fatty acid + ethanol systems and water + fatty acid + acetone systems

To determine the liquid-liquid-solid three-phase equilibrium (LLSE), binodal data of the liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) and the solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) have been measured for the ternary water + acetone or ethanol + lauric acid, myristic acid or palmitic acid systems. The binodal region for two liquid phases increases successively in the following order of the third component: lauric acid < myristic acid < palmitic acid. The binodal regions of the ternary systems with acetone as the second component are larger than those for ethanol. These binodal curves are not highly sensitive to temperature. The isothermal solubility of these fatty acids is considerably reduced when the water content in the aqueous phase increases. The solubility of fatty acids is successively reduced in the following order: lauric acid > myristic acid > palmitic acid. The solubility of fatty acids in aqueous solutions containing acetone is smaller than in those containing ethanol. Predictions of both the binodal curve for LLE and the SLE curve by the UNIFAC method and the NRTL equation do not represent the experimental data. However, data of the binodal curve and solubility are well correlated by the NRTL equation, and also the LLSE relationship could be represented.

Refractive indices, densities and excess properties on mixing of the systems acetone + methanol + water and acetone + methanol + 1-butanol at 298.15 K

Refractive indices and densities of acetone + methanol + water, acetone + methanol + 1-butanol and of the binary mixtures acetone + water, acetone + 1-butanol, methanol + water, and methanol + 1-butanol have been determined experimentally over the entire range of composition at the temperature 298.15 K and at atmospheric pressure. Derived excess properties were determined, variable-degree polynomials being fitted to the results. Methods for predicting ternary excess properties from the values of the corresponding three binary mixtures involved are tested and compared. An estimation of excess volumes is also evaluated using a modified Heller equation (Heller, 1965) which depends on the refractive indices of the mixture. Comparison of the predictions by different methods with the experimental values of the physical properties is made.

Isobaric Vapor−Liquid Equilibria of 3-Pentanone with Acetone and Isopropyl Ether at 101.3 kPa

Vapor−liquid equilibrium at 101.3 kPa has been determined for the binary systems of acetone + 3-pentanone and isopropyl ether + 3-pentanone. The two systems exhibit positive deviations from ideal behavior. The activity coefficients were correlated by the Wilson equation. The results are thermodynamically consistent according to the method of Van Ness. Neither system shows an azeotrope.

Use of infrared thermography for temperature measurement during evaporative casting of thin polymeric films

In this paper we describe the development of a real-time, noninvasive technique using infrared (IR) thermography for measurement of the temperature of polymer solutions cast as thin films in which evaporation of a volatile solvent occurs. The technique requires the accurate determination of a single surface radiation property, the emittance, and its dependence on the casting solution composition. We report results obtained for the cellulose acetate (CA)-acetone system for which IR measurements indicate a relatively rapid and significant temperature decrease followed by a gradual temperature recovery toward the initial temperature. In general the thin film temperature response can be described by the parameters ΔT max, the maximum degree of cooling; t min, the time at which T min is reached; and the recovery temperature, T rec, at a time equal to 2 × t min. For 155 and 258 μm thick films evaporatively cast from a 15 wt% CA solution, IR thermography indicated maximum temperature decreases of 18 and 26°C, respectively. The characteristics of the thin film temperature curves for these two cases compare favorably with those predicted by a first-principles model recently developed by the authors. Based upon these results, the general applicability of the infrared technique for the study of dense film- and membrane-formation processes is described, and the significance of thin film temperature measurements with respect to membrane morphology is discussed.

Excess molar enthalpies of acetone + water, cyclohexane, methanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol and 1-pentanol at 283.15, 298.15, 323.15, 343.15 and 363.15 K

Excess molar enthalpies h E of the binary systems acetone + water, cyclohexane, methanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol and 1-pentanol were measured at temperatures of 283.15, 298.15, 323.15, 343.15 and 363.15 K and at a pressure of 0.4 MPa. An LKB flow microcalorimeter was used. The experimental h E values were correlated with a modified Redlich-Kister equation.

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibria of acetone-propyl ether and isopropyl ether-propyl ether systems. Corroboration of no reverse volatility

Isobaric vapor - liquid equilibria were determined at 101.325 kPa for binary mixtures containing acetone + isopropyl ether, acetone + propyl ether and isopropyl ether + propyl ether using a dynamic still with vapor and liquid circulation. The azeotrope of the system acetone + isopropyl ether is in agreement with the literature value and none of the other systems shows an azeotrope. The thermodynamic consistency of the experimental data was checked by Van Ness's test and Herington's criterion modified by Wisniak and they satisfied our data. The activity coefficients were correlated using the Wilson model and the UNIFAC prediction. In the final part of the work, an experiment for extractive distillation is described on a laboratory scale and the results confirmed that there is no reversal of volatility of this system.

Vapour-liquid equilibria. VII: The ternary system hexanemethanolacetone at 313.15 K

Total vapour pressure measurements made by the modified static method for the ternary system hexanemethanolacetone and constituent binary system hexanemethanol at 313.15 K are presented. The alcohol high dilution region of the methanolhexane system is thoroughly studied. The different expressions for G E suitable for correlation of these data are tested; the systems hexaneacetone and methanolacetone, published previously, have been also rediscussed from the point of view of the present ternary system. The prediction of ternary VLE from constituent binaries is studied. Our results are compared with literature data.

Refractive Indices and Densities of the System Acetone + Benzene + Cyclohexane at 298.15 K. Changes of Refractivity and of Volume on Mixing

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRefractive Indices and Densities of the System Acetone + Benzene + Cyclohexane at 298.15 K. Changes of Refractivity and of Volume on MixingAleksandar Z. Tasic, Dusan K. Grozdanic, Bojan D. Djordjevic, Slobodan P. Serbanovic, and Nenad RadojkovicCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1995, 40, 3, 586–588Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/je00019a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (343 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Gas-phase Ion-molecular reactions of C&lt;sub&gt;60&lt;/sub&gt; and C&lt;sub&gt;70&lt;/sub&gt; with Acetone and Quantum Chemistry Study

Gas-phase ion-molecular reactions of C-60 and C-70 with the ion system of acetone have been studied in this paper. The ions of protoned and acetylized C-60 and C-70 were formed by the reactions of C-60 and C-70 with some ions which existed in the ion system when mass spectrometer worked on chemical ionization conditions. The reactivity of C-70 is greater than that of C-60. Results of quantum chemical calculation for the adduct ions showed a sigma bond between the acyl carbon atom and C-60 may be Formed. These results will provide some valuable informations on the condense-phase acetylization of C-60.