Electrical Engineering Systems Research Articles

Modeling Borehole Resistivity Logs with Exponentially Graded Multilayered Soil Inversion for Electrical Engineering Applications

In this paper, we present the application of a special soil resistivity model, the Exponentially Graded Multilayered Soil model, to the interpretation of Borehole Resistivity Logging surveys. The model, which was recently introduced by the authors, offers an alternative to the interpretation provided by constant resistivity layer models. The model is applied to synthetic soil surveys as well as to a real survey that is not satisfactorily interpreted using conventional models. This model aids in the design and calculation of grounding systems in electrical engineering, providing an alternative to calculations performed by traditional layered models.

Mathematical Methods for Control Systems in Electrical Engineering

Control frameworks are exceptionally imperative in electrical building since they make it conceivable to absolutely control and move forward complicated gadgets and forms. This unique talks almost essential scientific procedures that are required to get it and construct control frameworks within the field of electrical designing. Through science structures, it appears vital thoughts like criticism control, soundness examination, and framework optimization. Differential conditions, which depict how energetic frameworks carry on, are the building squares of control frameworks. These conditions appear how framework variables are associated to each other and how quick they alter over time. They are utilized to ponder how frameworks move and remain steady. These forms decide how electric circuits, engines, generators, and other critical parts of advanced innovation foundation work in electrical building employments. The thought of control gives us ways to form these frameworks more steady, controlled, and successful. Differential conditions can be effectively interpreted into the recurrence space utilizing strategies like Laplace changes. This makes it simpler to think about how frameworks react to distinctive inputs and changes. This alter makes it less demanding to figure out framework exchange capacities, which makes a difference when making controls that alter how frameworks carry on to meet execution objectives. Steadiness investigation too makes beyond any doubt that controlled frameworks work reliably and typically indeed when conditions alter. Strategies like root locus, Nyquist measure, and Bode plots offer assistance us get it the limits of a system's steadiness and how it reacts, which is vital for making beyond any doubt it works well and anticipating undesirable variances or insecurity.

Determining Fault Location in Transmission Lines Using Differential Equation Algorithms

A transmission line, in the context of electrical engineering and power systems, is a high-voltage or high-tension line that is used to transmit electrical power over long distances from power generation sources (such as power plants) to substations, where the electricity is then distributed to homes, businesses, and industrial facilities. Transmission lines are the backbone of the electrical grid, serving as the highways for electricity delivery. Their efficient and reliable operation is essential for ensuring that electricity is generated, transmitted, and distributed effectively, meeting the needs of consumers while maintaining grid stability and resilience. Transmission line protection refers to a set of techniques and devices used in electrical power systems to detect and respond to faults or abnormal conditions that can occur in high-voltage transmission lines. These lines are a critical part of the electrical grid and are responsible for transporting electricity over long distances from power generation plants to distribution substations. This paper proposes a different differential equation algorithm to locate faulty section on transmission lines. As seen from performance curves, the proposed protection algorithm is able to distinguish normal and faulty conditions.

Assessment of Cyber Security Risks in Electrical Engineering System of Georgia

Cyber security is an integral part of electrical engineering and covers various aspects such as power grid security, electrical and power equipment security, risk management, standards compliance, and incident response to prevent cyber attacks on power grids. The article examines the probable risks of the electrical system of Georgia. for this purpose a logical graphic tool is used, to identify top-down failures, which cause lower-level system failures. Fault tree analysis consists of "events" and "logic gates", which correlate accidents to determine the cause of the most adverse event. The paper analyzes the causes of possible short-circuiting, violation of the dynamic stability of the network, and harmonic distortion in the networks of the electric system of Georgia and gives recommendations for their reduction.

Evaluation of low voltage on electrical cables using microct and COMSOL Multiphysics

Safety and quality are critical challenges in electrical engineering and unscheduled system outages caused by device failures present a significant concern. One of its main causes is the presence of air voids in the insulating layer of power cables. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of current pulses, which generally occurs in transients, on the proliferation of voids in the insulating layer of electrical cables. X-ray microtomography (microCT) was used in the identification and analysis of air voids in aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) electrical cables, with different cross-sectional areas, before and after electrical current pulses. The results showed an increase in voids caused by current pulses and an increase in electromagnetic fields and temperature inside the conductor. Furthermore, it was observed that the current pulses applied to the cables increased the agglomeration of small imperfections in voids of larger diameters and it was possible to verify the phenomenon of electrical arborescence in the cable with the aluminum core, as well as modifications in the core of stranded cables. Soon after, the Comsol Multiphysics software was used, which uses the Finite Element Method (FEM), solving Maxwell's equations, to better understand the information accessed by the microCT technique that describes electromagnetic phenomena in power cables. The results showed that cables with a greater number of voids have higher electromagnetic field densities when compared to cables without voids in the insulation, showing an increase of 7.5, 10.16, and 9.91 for the copper cables of 25, 35 and 50 mm2, respectively.

AI-Powered Innovations in Electrical Engineering: Enhancing Efficiency, Reliability, and Sustainability

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in the field of Electrical Engineering, revolutionizing traditional practices and unlocking unprecedented possibilities. This research paper investigates the integration of AI-powered innovations to enhance efficiency, reliability, and sustainability within electrical engineering systems. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, this study delves into key applications of AI, including predictive maintenance, optimal resource allocation, and fault detection, among others. Utilizing advanced machine learning algorithms and data analytics techniques, AI facilitates real-time decision-making processes, enabling proactive maintenance strategies and optimizing system performance. Moreover, AI-driven approaches contribute to the enhancement of reliability by predicting potential failures and implementing pre-emptive measures, consequently reducing downtime, and improving operational continuity. Furthermore, the implementation of AI in electrical engineering fosters sustainability by optimizing energy consumption, mitigating environmental impacts, and facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources into power grids. By leveraging AI technologies, electrical engineering systems can adapt to dynamic operational conditions, maximize resource utilization, and minimize environmental footprints, thereby paving the way for a more efficient, reliable, and sustainable future. This paper underscores the transformative potential of AI in shaping the landscape of electrical engineering and provides insights into future research directions to harness the benefits of AI-powered innovations further.

Designing Heuristic-Based Tuners for Fractional-Order PID Controllers in Automatic Voltage Regulator Systems Using a Hyper-Heuristic Approach

This work introduces an alternative approach for developing a customized Metaheuristic (MH) tailored for tuning a Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (FOPID) controller within an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) system. Leveraging an Automated Algorithm Design (AAD) methodology, our strategy generates MHs by utilizing a population-based Search Operator (SO) domain, thus minimizing human-induced bias. This approach eliminates the need for manual coding or the daunting task of selecting an optimal algorithm from a vast collection of the current literature. The devised MH consists of two distinct SOs: a dynamic swarm perturbator succeeded by a Metropolis-type selector and a genetic crossover perturbator, followed by another Metropolis-type selector. This MH fine-tunes the FOPID controller’s parameters, aiming to enhance control performance by reducing overshoot, rise time, and settling time. Our research includes a comparative analysis with similar studies, revealing that our tailored MH significantly improves the FOPID controller’s speed by 1.69 times while virtually eliminating overshoot. Plus, we assess the tuned FOPID controller’s resilience against internal disturbances within AVR subsystems. The study also explores two facets of control performance: the impact of fractional orders on conventional PID controller efficiency and the delineating of a confidence region for stable and satisfactory AVR operation. This work’s main contributions are introducing an innovative method for deriving efficient MHs in electrical engineering and control systems and demonstrating the substantial benefits of precise controller tuning, as evidenced by the superior performance of our customized MH compared to existing solutions.

Model order reduction, a novel method using krylov sub-spaces and genetic algorithm

Model Order Reduction (MOR) of complex and large systems in Electrical engineering, continuous to be an attractive field for Engineers and Scientists over the last few decades, this complexity of models makes the control designs and simulation using Computer Aided Design (CAD) more and more difficult and consuming a lot of time. There for, accurate, robust and fast algorithms for simulation are needed. The goal of MOR is to replace the original system by an appropriate reduced system which preserves the main properties of the original one such that stability and passivity. Several analytical MOR techniques have been proposed in the literature over the past few decades, to approximate high order linear dynamic systems like Krylov sub-space techniques and SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) techniques. However, most of these techniques lead to computationally demanding, time consuming, iterative procedures that usually result in non-robustly stable models with poor frequency response resemblance to the original high order model in some frequency ranges. Recently a set of new techniques based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) were proposed in [1] for MOR. This article considers the problem of model order reduction of Linear Time In varying (LTI) systems. It is described by first and second order ordinary differential equations model. A tow steps method for model order reduction of LTI systems is proposed here, which combined features of an analytic technique (Krylov approach) and an AI technique (Genetic Algorithm). In the first step, the size of the original model is reduced to an intermediate order, using an analytical technique based on Krylov sub-spaces. In the final step of the reduction process, an AI approach based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied to obtain an optimized nominal model.

Preface

It is with great pleasure and enthusiasm that we present the proceedings of the 2023 3rd International Conference on Frontiers of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. This conference, held from December 23-24, 2023, brought together researchers, scholars, engineers, and industry professionals from around the world to share their latest advancements and discoveries in the dynamic field of electrical power and energy systems.Electrical power and energy systems form the backbone of modern society, enabling the seamless functioning of industries, homes, and technological advancements. The conference theme, “Advancing Innovation in Power and Energy Systems,” underscored the importance of embracing cutting-edge technologies, novel methodologies, and innovative solutions to address the challenges and opportunities in the realm of electrical power and energy. The papers selected for inclusion cover a wide spectrum of topics, spanning Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Energy and Power System, Automation and Engineering Application and so on.One of the highlights of this conference was the international collaboration and knowledge exchange that took place among participants. Researchers from different continents and cultural backgrounds shared their unique perspectives, fostering a global understanding of the issues at hand. This interconnectedness is vital as we collectively strive towards sustainable and efficient solutions for the world’s growing energy needs.The diversity and depth of the papers included in these proceedings reflect the richness of the discussions and presentations that took place during the conference. We extend our sincere appreciation to all the authors for their valuable contributions, which have significantly enriched the body of knowledge in this rapidly evolving field. We also extend our gratitude to the dedicated reviewers who rigorously evaluated each submission. Their commitment to academic excellence has ensured the high quality and relevance of the papers included in these proceedings. Special thanks are due to the organizing committee, session chairs, keynote speakers, and sponsors for their invaluable contributions to the success of the conference. Their dedication and support have played a pivotal role in creating a vibrant and intellectually stimulating environment.Once again, we welcome you to the proceedings of the 2023 3rd International Conference on Frontiers of Electrical Power & Energy Systems and hope that the insights gained from this conference will contribute to the development of sustainable and resilient solutions that address the evolving challenges in our ever-changing world. We look forward to continued collaboration and the prospect of meeting again at future conferences to further advance the frontiers of electrical power and energy systems. EPES 2023 Organizing Committee List of Committee Members is available in this pdf.

Blow up at Infinite Time of Solutions for a Plate Equation with Delay Term

In this article, we investigate the viscoelastic plate equation with both delay and source terms. Initially, we give the local-global existence results. Later, we establish the blow-up results at infinite time by utilizing the energy method when E (0) < 0 under suitable conditions. Delays effect generally seems in many practical problems for instance medicine, biological, chemical, physical, thermal, economic phenomena, electrical engineering systems and mechanical applications.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЭЛЕКТРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ И СИСТЕМЫ

Nowadays, electrical engineering and information systems play an important role in various spheres of human activity, affecting the economy, industry, education, healthcare and other aspects of our lives. The development of these technologies opens up new prospects for improving life, optimizing processes and increasing productivity. The purpose of this scientific article is to consider modern electrical engineering and information systems, their role in society and development prospects. To achieve this goal, the article will address such important aspects as the technical characteristics of the systems, their advantages, the possibilities of integration with information technology and other aspects.

Terminology, structure and model of the electrical systems operation process

The content of operation as one of the most important stages of the life cycle of a technical system is revealed. The structure of the process of technical operation of electrical engineering systems is considered. The essence of the individual stages of operation is revealed, their functional purpose is given. It is shown that some fundamental concepts related to operation do not have an unambiguous interpretation. The well-known definitions of these concepts are considered and a one-digit formulation of each of them, which corresponds to the current standards, is given. Special attention is paid to the disclosure of the content of the concept of state and consideration of various types of technical states of the system. The definition of the “condition” category, the formulation of which differs from the known definitions and allows more fully and accurately solving the problems of diagnosing the studied electrical systems, is given. An important feature of this definition is that it fixes the continuous variability of the state of any system in a function of time. At the same time, stable technical conditions that differ significantly from each other and correspond to the current version of the standard are distinguished. Such states are serviceable, faulty, operable, inoperable, partially inoperable, marginal. Functional conditions that are determined by the operating modes of the system are considered. The current definitions of the most important properties and events, among which a special place is occupied by reliability, survivability, safety, failure, damage, defect, are given. For the selected technical states, a model in the form of an oriented graph is synthesized. It is shown that the actual process of an electrical system operation has two features. The first one is that the probability of transition from one state to another does not depend on the type of state the system is in at the moment. The second feature is that the time spent in each technical condition can be either deterministic or random. The conclusion about the possibility of modeling the process of changing the technical states of the system by semi- Markov models with a discrete set of states is made. A mathematical model in the form of Kolmogorov differential equations, which makes it possible to estimate the probabilities of the system being in a particular state, has been compiled.

The Design of IoT Based Lighting Installation Tools in Electrical Installation Engineering and Microcontroller Systems Courses

Internet of Things (IOT)-based lighting installation development Since teaching aids are an exact science, it is essential to have a tool that can depict the subject covered in the Electrical Installation Engineering course. The teaching tools created are meant to help lecturers better present the topic for electrical installation engineering to their students while also making it simpler for them to comprehend. In order to turn on and off lights and outlets using a smartphone and a manual switch in the event that the wifi network is damaged, this study added Internet of Things (IOT) installation procedures and a swap switch. The Research & Development approach is being used in this investigation. A validation sheet is created by planning and creating research instruments, which is what is done to test the viability of instructional aids by professional validators. According to the results of expert validation, this teaching tool is appropriate for use with media and material experts based on the percentage values of media expert 1 receiving a score of 94.28% and media expert 2 receiving a score of 97.14%, and for material expert 1 receiving a score of 90% and material expert 2 receiving a score of 92%, with the category "Very Eligible".

Mathematical Analysis of the Reliability of Modern Trolleybuses and Electric Buses

The rhythmic and stable operation of trolleybuses and autonomous trolleybuses or urban electric buses, depends to a large extent on the reliability of the equipment installed on the trolleybus. The actual operational reliability of trolleybus electrical equipment (EE) depends on its technical condition. Under the influence of external factors and specific operating modes, the technical condition of the equipment is continuously deteriorating, reliability indicators are decreasing, and the number of failures is increasing. Using the mathematical theory of reliability, probability theory and mathematical statistics, numerical methods of solving nonlinear and transcendental equations, this article defines the conditions of diagnostics depending on the intensity of failures and the given probability of failure-free operation of the equipment. Additionally, the inverse problem of determining the current reliability of electrical engineering systems depends on the terms of diagnostics and the intensity of failures being solved. As a result of the processing of statistical information on failures it is established that for the electrical equipment of a trolleybus, after a number of repair measures, the maximum density of failures occurs at a lower mileage, and the probability of failure-free operation can vary depending on the degree of wear of the equipment, i.e., on the number of previous failures. It is theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed that the reliability of trolleybus electrical equipment changes according to the exponential law of distribution of a random variable. It has been established that the real averaged diagnostic terms regulated by instructions are not optimal in most cases and differ several times from those defined in this paper. The dependence of switching equipment run-in on time has been clarified, which served as a prerequisite for specifying the inter-repair period for various types of trolleybus electrical equipment. A method of adjustment of the inter-repair time for the electrical equipment of trolleybuses is proposed.

An efficient method for the fractional electric circuits based on Fibonacci wavelet

In this article, we provide effective computational algorithms based on Fibonacci wavelet (FW) to approximate the solution of fractional order electrical circuits (ECs). The proposed computational algorithm is novel and has not been previously utilized for solving ECs problems. Firstly, we have constructed the operational matrices of fractional integration (OMFI). Secondly, we transform the given initial value problems into algebraic equations, we used the Riemann–Liouville (R–L) fractional integral operator. The proposed approach is capable of handling a wide range of fractional order dynamics in ECs. To validate the effectiveness of the method, four models of electrical circuits with fractional order parameter are considered. The numerical results are compared with exact solutions and absolute errors are calculated to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the approach. The proposed method provides a valuable tool for analyzing and designing fractional order systems in electrical engineering, offering improved accuracy and capturing the intricate behavior of complex systems.

Hidden modes of DNA binding by human nuclear receptors

Human nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of ligand-responsive transcription factors that have central roles in cellular function. Their malfunction is linked to numerous diseases, and the ability to modulate their activity with synthetic ligands has yielded 16% of all FDA-approved drugs. NRs regulate distinct gene networks, however they often function from genomic sites that lack known binding motifs. Here, to annotate genomic binding sites of known and unexamined NRs more accurately, we use high-throughput SELEX to comprehensively map DNA binding site preferences of all full-length human NRs, in complex with their ligands. Furthermore, to identify non-obvious binding sites buried in DNA–protein interactomes, we develop MinSeq Find, a search algorithm based on the MinTerm concept from electrical engineering and digital systems design. The resulting MinTerm sequence set (MinSeqs) reveal a constellation of binding sites that more effectively annotate NR-binding profiles in cells. MinSeqs also unmask binding sites created or disrupted by 52,106 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with human diseases. By implicating druggable NRs as hidden drivers of multiple human diseases, our results not only reveal new biological roles of NRs, but they also provide a resource for drug-repurposing and precision medicine.

Application on Intelligent Technology of Electrical Engineering and Automation

In the electrical industry, the complexity and construction scale of electrical engineering are increasing, the traditional technology has been difficult to efficiently adapt to the development needs of the new era industry, deepening the popularization of the application of intelligent technology in electrical engineering and automation, is an important development direction of the electrical industry. This paper describes the basic connotation of electrical engineering and automation and intelligent technology, analyzes the electrical engineering and automation intelligent technology application in improving the level of system control, improve data processing accuracy and optimize the significance of system design, studied the electrical engineering and automation system in fault response processing, automation control, system design, the specific application of real-time monitoring.

STUDY OF THE ILLUMINATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ITS IMPROVEMENT

Goal. Investigate the existing methods of lighting rooms of various search purposes, make effective decisions on increasing the energy efficiency of electrical engineering systems of internal education through the implementation of automated education management systems and energy-efficient management algorithms, explain the principles of lighting construction using natural lighting and the application of modern technologies of familiar and modern lighting devices.
 Task. Analysis of existing technical solutions to increase the energy efficiency of the internal lighting system and substantiation of their energy efficiency indicators.Synthesis of the internal lighting control system of the administrative building. Development of algorithms for energy-efficient control of the internal lighting system taking into account external factors.
 The result of the study. The work is devoted to the analysis of lighting methods and devices used today, as well as the search for effective solutions to increase the energy efficiency of the electrical system of internal lighting due to the implementation of an automated lighting control system and energy-efficient control algorithms, an explanation of the principles of lighting construction using natural lighting and modern application technologies conventional and modern lighting devices, as well as methods of improving lighting efficiency using the latest technologies from existing lighting devices. The main attention is paid to the problems of the currently existing methods of artificial lighting of rooms in houses of various purposes, and to the solution of these problems with the most effective and real methods in practical use. This article may be useful for those interested in upgrading existing lighting or building a new lighting system with efficient use of electricity.
 Conclusions and practical significance. In this work, an analysis of existing energy-efficient technical solutions in interior lighting systems was carried out, based on the results of which it can be concluded that it is appropriate to use LED lamps in the lighting system due to their excellent indicators of luminous flux, light output, long service life and affordable price. It was also a source of various energy-saving methods in lighting systems, which can be attributed to: the introduction of half-light, LED lights and fluorescent lamps, the installation of electronic start-up control devices, more efficient use of light output, the introduction of a system of automatic lighting regulation depending on external factors and maintaining efficiency. education system.

Preface to “Model Predictive Control and Optimization for Cyber-Physical Systems”

The concept of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) in electrical, civil and mechanical engineering is closely related to Smart Grids and Smart Cities, based on advanced computing technologies used for monitoring, control and communication [...]

Ethical Aspects of Implementing Intelligent Systems in Electrical Engineering

Ethical Aspects of Implementing Intelligent Systems in Electrical Engineering