System Dibutyl Ether Research Articles

Excess enthalpies of ternary mixtures of oxygenated additives + hydrocarbon mixtures in fuels and bio-fuels: Dibutyl ether (DBE) and 1-butanol and 1-hexene or cyclohexane or 2,2,4 trimethylpentane at 298.15 K and 313.15 K

New experimental excess molar enthalpy data (420 points) of the ternary systems dibutyl ether (DBE) and 1-butanol and 1-hexene at 298.15K and 313.15K, and DBE and 1-butanol and cyclohexane or 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) at 313.15K at atmospheric pressure are reported. A quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter has been used to make the measurements. All the ternary systems show endothermic character. The experimental data for the ternary systems have been fitted using the Redlich–Kister rational equation. Considerations with respect the intermolecular interactions amongst ether, alcohol and hydrocarbon compounds are presented.

Ether + alcohol + hydrocarbon mixtures in fuels and bio-fuels: Excess enthalpies of binary mixtures containing dibutyl ether (DBE) or 1-butanol and 1-hexene or methylcyclohexane or toluene or cyclohexane or 2,2,4-trimethylpentane at 298.15 K and 313.15 K

New experimental excess molar enthalpy data (304 points) of the binary systems dibutyl ether (DBE) or 1-butanol and 1-hexene, or methylcyclohexane or toluene at 298.15 K and 313.15 K, and DBE or 1-butanol and cyclohexane or 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) at 313.15 K at atmospheric pressure are reported. A quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter has been used to make the measurements. All the binary systems show endothermic character except the system DBE + 1-hexene at both temperatures. The experimental data for the binary systems have been fitted using the Redlich–Kister rational equation. The values of the standard deviation indicate good agreement between the experimental results and those calculated from the equations.

Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium Data, Excess Enthalpy Data, and Azeotropic Data for the Binary System Dibutyl Ether + o-Xylene

For the binary system dibutyl ether + o-xylene, isothermal and isobaric vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) data were measured with the static synthetic and the dynamic method. Additionally, excess enthalpy (HE) data were determined by means of an isothermal flow calorimeter, and azeotropic data were investigated using a spinning band column. The experimental data from this work were correlated using linear temperature-dependent UNIQUAC interaction parameters.

Excess enthalpies of oxygenated compounds + hydrocarbon mixtures: Binary and ternary mixtures containing dibutyl ether (DBE), 1-butanol and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane at 298.15 K

Measurements of excess molar enthalpies at the temperature of 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure in a quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter are reported for the ternary system dibutyl ether (DBE) + 1-butanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) and the corresponding binary systems. All the binary and the ternary systems show endothermic character. The Redlich–Kister equation and the NRTL and UNIQUAC models have been used to fit the experimental data for the binary and ternary systems.

Isothermal Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium at 333.15 K and Excess Volumes and Molar Refractivity Deviation at 298.15 K for Binary System Dibutyl Ether (DBE) + 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane and for Ternary System DBE + Ethanol + 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

Isothermal vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) data are reported for the binary system dibutyl ether (DBE) + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane at 333.15 K, as well as for the ternary system DBE + ethanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane using headspace gas chromatography. The experimental binary and ternary VLE data are correlated with common activity coefficient models. Excess volumes and deviations in molar refractivity data are also reported for the same binary and ternary systems at 298.15 K. These properties are correlated with the Redlich−Kister equation for binary systems and the Cibulka equation for ternary systems, respectively. The ternary excess volumes and deviations in molar refractivity data are also compared with the estimated values from the binary contribution models of Radojkovič, Tsao−Smith, Kohler, and Rastogi.

Excess enthalpies of ether + alcohol + hydrocarbon mixtures: Binary and ternary mixtures containing dibutyl ether (DBE), 1-butanol and benzene at 298.15 K and 313.15 K

Experimental excess molar enthalpies of the ternary systems dibutyl ether (DBE) + 1-butanol + benzene and the corresponding binary systems at T = 298.15 K and T = 313.15 K at atmospheric pressure are reported. A quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter has been used to make the measurements. All the binary and the ternary systems show endothermic character. The experimental data for the binary and ternary systems have been fitted using the Redlich-Kister equation and the NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The values of the standard deviation indicate good agreement between the experimental results and those calculated from the equations.

Excess Enthalpies of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Containing Dibutyl Ether, Cyclohexane, and 1-Butanol at 298.15 K

Experimental excess enthalpies of the ternary system dibutyl ether (DBE) + cyclohexane + 1-butanol and the corresponding binary systems at 298.15 K are reported. A quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter has been built and tested to make the measurements. All the binary and the ternary systems show endothermic character. The experimental data have been fitted using a polynomial equation for the binary and ternary systems. The values of the standard deviation indicate good agreement between the experimental results and those calculated from the equation.

Binary Liquid−Liquid Equilibrium (LLE) for Dibutyl Ether (DBE) + Water from (288.15 to 318.15) K and Ternary LLE for Systems of DBE + C1 ∼ C4 Alcohols + Water at 298.15 K

The binary liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for the system dibutyl ether (DBE) + water from (288.15 to 318.15) K and the ternary LLE data for systems of DBE + C1 ∼ C4 alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, and 2-butanol) + water at 298.15 K were analytically determined at atmospheric pressure using stirred and thermoregulated cells. The experimental binary and ternary LLE data were correlated with the NRTL and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models. In addition, the distribution and selectivity of C1 ∼ C4 alcohols as solvents were analyzed.

Phase Equilibrium Properties of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Containing Dibutyl Ether, Cyclohexane, and Heptane or 1-Hexene at T = 313.15 K

New experimental isothermal P, x, y data for the ternary systems dibutyl ether + cyclohexane + heptane and dibutyl ether + cyclohexane + 1-hexene and for the binary systems dibutyl ether + 1-hexene and dibutyl ether + heptane at 313.15 K are reported. Data reduction by Barker’s method provides correlations for GE, using the Margules equation for the binary systems and the Wohl expansion for the ternary systems. Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC models have been applied successfully to both of the binary and ternary mixtures presented here.

Isothermal vapor–liquid equilibrium at 333.15 K and excess volumes and molar refractivity deviation at 298.15 K for the ternary system di-butyl ether (1) + ethanol (2) + toluene (3) and its binary subsystems

Isothermal vapor–liquid equilibrium data at 333.15 K are reported for the ternary system di- n-butyl ether (DBE) + ethanol + toluene and for its subbinary subsystems DBE + toluene and ethanol + toluene by using headspace gas chromatography. The experimental ternary VLE data were correlated with the Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC models, and the binary VLE data were correlated with the same models. The excess molar volumes ( V E) and deviations in molar refractivity (Δ R) at 298.15 K for the same ternary and binary systems were also determined from measured densities ( ρ) and refractive indices ( n D). The experimental V E and Δ R data of the ternary system are correlated with Cibulka equation and the binary data were correlated with the Redlich–Kister equation. The ternary V E and Δ R are additionally compared with estimated values using the contribution models of Tsao–Smith, Kohler, Rastogi and Radojkovic.

Isobaric Vapor−Liquid Equilibria of the Ternary System Dibutyl Ether + 1-Pentanol + Nonane

Isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria (VLE) were measured for the ternary system dibutyl ether + 1-pentanol + nonane and for two constituent binaries systems, dibutyl ether + nonane and dibutyl ether + 1-pentanol, at the pressures (26.66, 53.33, 79.99, and 101.32) kPa. Boiling temperature (T, x) relations were obtained by using a semi-microebulliometer. 1-Pentanol formed a minimum boiling azeotrope with dibutyl ether. The modified Wilson model with parameters that linearly depend on temperature was used to correlate to the binary T, x data and to predict VLE in the ternary system.