Systematic Procedures Research Articles

The Online Writing Feedback －Distinctive Features and Directions

Online writing feedback requires eclectic instructional approaches that exceed traditional face-to-face and oral interactions within the classroom setting. This study investigated the writing feedback systems and training materials used in universities in the United States to determine the common features and systematic procedures of student writing development. Data on teacher training programs and educational materials from 21 university writing centers in the United States and writing programs were collected, and a hermeneutic phenomenological approach (HPA) was used to examine university writing feedback systems and their implications. Analysis of the materials has extended the knowledge about online writing feedback, which presents distinctive features compared with the traditional methods for writing feedback.

Comparison of the Contents Pancasila Education and Citizenship From 1975-2013 Curriculum in Indonesian at The 21st Century

Abstract
 The study are philosophically Citizenship Education curricular subjects and is a learning tool creates learners who have mental Pancasilaist in word, deed and behavior in everyday life. Civics is the best material is original from Indonesia is not copied from other countries, including the Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, the Republic of Indonesia, national unity, and the Red and White. The findings of this study also have implications for the development of scientific development theory and Citizenship Education in terms of the future of Indonesian high school curriculum. This research uses the method of literature analysis with grounded theory is a qualitative research method that uses a number of systematic procedures to develop a theory compiled inductive. Research grounded theory, this research inductive research techniques, emphasizes observation and develops a base of "intuitive" relationship practices between variables. The establishment of Citizenship Education in the Curriculum 1975 with the name of Moral Education Pancasila (PMP). The material is civics, national history, events after Indonesia's independence, the 1945 Constitution, each pancasila principle, the message of the importance of development (such as the five-year development plan and GBHN) for the Indonesian nation, specific state doctrines, discussing moral issues and so on, the vision of its mission is oriented towards value inculcation with the content of the values of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. In the 1984 PKn curriculum, Pancasila Moral Education (PMP) aims to strengthen morality and improve the ethics of students so that they can face and respond to all kinds of changes in living conditions in the future. Then the 1994 curriculum, where "Pancasila Moral Education" (PMP) has changed its name to "Pancasila education and citizenship" (PPKn). Curriculum in 2004, Initially the subjects were combined into one, because the content of Civic Education is derived from Pancasila itself. It is then broken down into its own subjects because Citizenship Education is considered important to be taught to students. Then PKn Curriculum in 2006, developed a body of knowledge known to have a systemic paradigm in which there are three domain citizenship education, namely academic domain, curricular domain, and socio-cultural domain. Furthermore, curriculum in 2013, Draft from Puskurbuk, Ministry of National Education in 2012, PKn 2006 will be changed to the lessons of Pancasila and Citizenship Education abbreviated PPKn.

Features of Preparing Future Teachers for Work in an Inclusive Educational Environment

The purpose of the study: to determine the specifics of preparing future teachers to work in an inclusive educational environment. This study used standard systematic review procedures that include transparent and principled methods for identifying, describing, evaluating, and comparing studies on a specific research issue. A teacher of inclusive education in an educational context represents one of the specific educational resources that, in the context of his specialty, supports, jointly and in the logic of involvement, another student's teachers in defining strategies for pedagogical differentiation and adaptation of curricula, in strengthening learning and in defining various means of motivation, representation and expressiveness. Within the framework of quality educational equity, education systems must not only manage diversity, but also apply a set of appropriate practices and strategies. It is proposed to invest in this area in the curricula of the schools being certified, and tools should be developed at the research level to assess the model that emerges from this review.

Effectiveness of digital primary prevention interventions targeting physical activity, motor skills and nutrition in children aged 3–10 years in the setting of day care and primary school: protocol for a systematic review

IntroductionAvailable evidence points to an association of increased screen time and the availability of digital tools during childhood with negative health outcomes in later life. For many years, public discourse...

Reduced multibody system transfer matrix method using decoupled hinge equations

AbstractIn the multibody system transfer matrix method (MSTMM), the transfer matrix of body elements may be directly obtained from kinematic and kinetic equations. However, regarding the transfer matrices of hinge elements, typically information of their outboard body is involved complicating modeling and even resulting in combinatorial problems w.r.t. various types of outboard body's output links. This problem may be resolved by formulating decoupled hinge equations and introducing the Riccati transformation in the new version of MSTMM called the reduced multibody system transfer matrix method in this paper. Systematic procedures for chain, tree, closed‐loop, and arbitrary general systems are defined, respectively, to generate the overall system equations satisfying the boundary conditions of the system during the entire computational process. As a result, accumulation errors are avoided and computational stability is guaranteed even for huge systems with long chains as demonstrated by examples and comparison with commercial software automatic dynamic analysis of the mechanical system.

Behind the Curtain: Ballet Dancers’ Mental Health

Using Moustakas’s modification of Van Kaam’s systematic procedures for conducting transcendental phenomenological research, we explored ballet culture and identity and their impact on ballet dancers’ mental health. Participants included four current professional ballet dancers and four previous professionals. Four main themes emerged: (a) ballet culture—“it’s not all tutus and tiaras”; (b) professional ballet dancers’ identity—“it is a part of me”; (c) mental health experiences—“you have to compartmentalize”; and (d) counseling and advocacy—“the dance population is unique.” Suggestions for counselors when working with professional ballet dancers and professional athletes, such as fostering awareness about ballet culture and its impact on ballet dancers’ identity and mental health, are provided. We also discuss recommendations to develop future research focusing on mental health treatment for this population.

DESIGNING ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROGRAM AT PESANTREN: A NEED ANALYSIS OF COURSE DESIGN

<p class="ContentAbstrak"><span lang="EN-US">Pesantren is an Islamic educational institution with a boarding school system. Mostly in modern pesantren, the students learn and use Arabic and English among the use of local and national languages. Designing English course in specific context such as pesantren should consider systematic procedures. This current study was the initial step in course design, called need analysis, to collect information about the learners’ need. The framework of course development by Graves was applied, and the instruments were questionnaire and interviews. Moreover, pesantren stakeholders including teachers, students, and head of language center were recruited to be participants on the research. The findings show dimensions of present situation and future expectation on English course. It covers the purpose and objectives in learning English. The students’ goal in learning English is to communicate with people in nearest community and to continue study. The preferences in teaching method and recommended topics are also searched from both students and teachers. Making dialogues and conversation becomes the most preferable method completed with topics related to family life, school life, education, science and technology. Both teachers and students agree that the policy of full English system is important and necessary.</span></p>

Theoretical Framework to Assess Green Roof Performance in Mitigating Urban Flooding as a Potential Nature-Based Solution

Increases in extreme hydro-meteorological events due to climate change and decreases in soil permeability and infiltration due to urbanization have increased the risk of flooding, particularly in cities. The limitation of the expansion of conventional drainage systems to manage excess stormwater leads to the application of nature-based solutions (NBS) to control flooding. This study explores potential of green roof NBS for rainfall-fed flood reduction, which can utilize existing roof space for deployment. A detailed literature survey using systematic literature-search procedures was conducted to investigate the performance of extensive/intensive green roofs in runoff reduction using monitoring/modeling approaches. Since limited studies have explored the use of semi-intensive green roofs for flood management, a new simulation study has been developed to compare the effectiveness of semi-intensive green roofs. The performance of different types of vegetation used on green roofs in runoff reduction was investigated using a simulation study, which was validated using a real-world green roof deployed in Dublin.

Abstract 10927: Development and Psychometric Testing of A Heart-Healthy Information Questionnaire

Introduction: Acquiring sufficient information about cardiovascular prevention is a prerequisite for individuals’ decision making to practice heart-healthy lifestyle behaviors. However, no well-validated instrument currently exists to measure the knowledge about information on heart disease symptoms, risk factors, and benefits of heart-healthy behaviors for cardiovascular prevention targeting healthy people. We used systematic scale development procedures to create a scale of the Heart-Healthy Information Questionnaire (HHIQ) based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills model and recent scientific guidelines of cardiovascular prevention. Methods: Standard scale development methods were used to create items and test their psychometric properties. Participants were 1,315 people without cardiovascular diseases, who were residing in Seoul Metropolitan city. Results: We created preliminary 70 items using a 3-point True/False format with a Don’t know option. The items were two times reviewed by a panel of eight experts in terms of the relevance and clarity of the items, and 54 items were selected by using the cut-off score of content validity index (0.8 or greater). Next, we administrated the questionnaire of 54 items for 1,315 participants, and finally selected 50 items by using the cut-off scores of difficulty index ( < 0.95), discrimination index ( > 10), and item-total correlation (tetrachoric coefficient > 0.2). The Kuder-Richardson formula 20 coefficient for the HHIQ indicated good internal consistency (0.85), and the test-retest reliability coefficient with a 15-day interval also indicated that it had good stability (0.78). Finally, individuals (n = 107) who were informed from heart-healthy education sessions showed significantly higher scores of the HHIQ than those (n = 1,208) who were not informed (p = 0.009). A total score of the HHIQ was significantly correlated with a total score of the Heart Disease Facts Questionnaire (r = 0.61, p < 0.001) and significantly correlated with a total score of the Evaluation Tool for Metabolic Syndrome Modification Lifestyles (r = 0.23, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The HHIQ may be useful to evaluate the knowledge levels of heart-healthy information in the areas of cardiovascular prevention

The Implementation of Application Software to Improve Verbal Communication in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review.

Autism-assistive apps offer therapists and caregivers new approaches for educating and assisting individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), mainly in social interaction. Even though these apps are deemed effective, they are not. These autism-assistive apps are not highly customizable, which limits their usefulness. This article examined the application software that was applied to encourage verbal communication in the intervention for children with ASD. The aim was to determine the minimum requirements for a verbal communication intervention app that adequately satisfies children with ASD, caregivers, and therapists. Databases were searched, including Scopus, Springer, PubMed, Education Resources Information Centre, and Google Scholar, with the following free-text terms combining Boolean operators: autism, children, intervention, verbal communication, software, app, and technology. A total of fifteen studies were found relevant, and the following information was collected: participant characteristics, information on the devices and apps, target behaviors, intervention procedures, and intervention outcomes. The findings suggest that the autism-assistive apps effectively improve verbal communication of children with ASD. For that, the apps should be attractive and engaging to the children with ASD, able to identify the child’s capability and suggest appropriate lesson activities, as well as encompass specific learning outcomes with multilevel lesson strategy. The apps should also use systematic evidence-based intervention procedures in the activities, be able to evaluate the child’s learning progress, and allow caregivers or therapists to keep track of application usage and performance. The use of apps in intervention does provide many benefits. However, they should never replace qualified therapists. App-based interventions make home-based treatment more focused, systematic, and economical.

Progress and challenges in dual- and triple-isotope (δ18 O, δ2 H, Δ17 O) analyses of environmental waters: An international assessment of laboratory performance.

Stable isotope analyses of environmental waters (δ2 H, δ18 O) are an important assay in hydrology and environmental research with rising interest in δ17 O, which requires ultra-precise assays. We evaluated isotope analyses of six test water samples for 281 laboratory submissions measuring δ2 H and δ18 O along with a subset analyzing δ17 O and Δ17 O by laser spectrometry and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Six test waters were distributed to laboratories spanning a wide δ range of natural waters for δ2 H, δ18 O and δ17 O and Δ17 O. One sample was a blind duplicate to test reproducibility and claims of analytical precision. Results showed that ca 83% of the submissions produced acceptable δ18 O and δ2 H results within 0.2‰ (mUr) and 1.6‰ of the benchmark values, respectively. However, 17% of the submissions gave questionable to unacceptable results. A blind duplicate revealed many laboratories reported overly optimistic precision, and many could not replicate within their claimed precision. For Δ17 O, dual-inlet results for IRMS using quantitative O2 conversion were accurate and highly precise, but the results for laser spectrometry ranged by ca 200 per meg (μUr) for each sample, with ca 70% unable to replicate the duplicate to their claimed Δ17 O precision. One complicating factor is the lack of certified primary reference waters for δ17 O. No single factor or combination of factors was identifiable for poor or good performance, and underperformance came from issues like data normalization including inadequate memory and drift corrections, compromised working reference materials and underperforming instrumentation. We recommend isotope laboratories include high and low δ value controls of known isotope composition in each run. Progress in Δ17 O analyses by laser spectrometry requires extraordinary proof of performance claims and would benefit from the development of adoptable and systematic advanced data processing procedures to correct for memory and drift.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Disaster Training and Self Efficacy on Disaster Preparedness

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of knowledge, attitudes, disaster training and self-efficacy of adolescents of Sirnaresmi Village, West Java on disaster preparedness. This study uses the qualitative method with field research in Sirnaresmi. The results showed that there was a simultaneous or shared influence on knowledge, attitudes, disaster training and self-efficacy on disaster preparedness. The results revealed that there is a relationship between the four aspects in influencing disaster preparedness. Training is needed in mitigation as a short-term educational process. It needs to be conducted by using systematic and organized ways and procedures where training participants will learn practical knowledge and skills for specific purposes. By conducting disaster training, an individual will gain knowledge and skills in dealing with disasters so that with the training carried out, knowledge about disasters will increase.

Anomaly detection for volunteered geographic information: a case study of Safecast data

ABSTRACT Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), defined as geographic information contributed voluntarily by individuals, has grown exponentially with the aid of ubiquitous GPS-enabled technologies. VGI projects have generated a large amount of geographic data, providing a new data source for scientific research. However, many scientists are concerned about the quality of VGI data for research, given the lack of rigorous and systematic quality control procedures. This study contributes to the improvement of quality control procedures by proposing a Cross-Volunteer Referencing Anomaly Detection (CVRAD) method to filter anomalous data, using the crowdsourced Safecast radiation data as a case study. The anomaly detection method is validated using two data sets: (1) an official radiation survey data set collected by the KURAMA car-borne system, (2) a set of anomalous Safecast measurements filtered by Safecast moderators. The validation results show that the proposed CVRAD method outperformed the 1.5 IQR benchmark method in minimizing the overall measurement error and detecting abnormal imports of Safecast measurements, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the overall accuracy of crowdsourced radiation measurements.

INFLUENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES AT NATIONAL IRRIGATION BOARD IN KENYA

Purpose: Globally competitive enterprises and business organizations depend greatly on the uniqueness of the human resource management in order to achieve successfully their competitive advantages, therefore the human resources practices and their contribution on the employee performance has been greatly researched on by different scholars. The current study focused on the influence of human resource management practices on the performance of employees at the National Irrigation Board in Kenya.
 Design/ Methodology/Approach: The current study adopted the use of the descriptive research. This research design was used to enable the researcher establish how human resources management practices influence employees’ performance at National Irrigation Board. A response of 100 was adopted where a response rate of 81 respondents was realized. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the employees of NIB from the 8 selected stations.
 Findings: The study concluded that there are a number of variables on the human resource planning such as having the right people at the right time doing the right job, management focusing on the employee competencies, providing solutions necessary to satisfy the human resource needs, utilization of the changing needs which are related to the utilization of its employees, application of the systematic procedures for collecting, analyzing and documenting information provided about a particular job are all necessary and important in enhancing employees performance
 Contribution to policy and practice: Differential training is necessary for the top management of the National Irrigation Board to initiate human resource planning to allow for the improvement of effectiveness.
 Originality/Value: The study extends the literature on Human resources management. This study help reduce incidences of labor turnover and save the National irrigation board from incurring unnecessary recruitment costs.

Training Needs for the Digital Teacher: الاحتياجات التدريبية للمعلم الرقمي

Using digital technologies has become an urgent demand in this ever-changing world. The change in teachers’ role; from traditional to digital, requires systematic procedures and training. This study explores the importance of defining the training needs, the strategies of enclosing these needs, the types of training and the process of designing the training course. It also investigates the reasons that forces this change in the teacher’s role and the competencies and skills they should be equipped with.

Increasing Organizational Citizenship Behavior Through Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment

<p>This study aims to examine the effect of Quality of Work Life on Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Organizational Commitment as a mediating variable. The population in this study were all permanent employees of PT. Petro China International Jabung Ltd with a sample of 120 respondents. The data collection method uses questionnaire method which is measured using Likert scale and the hypotheses was tested by using the PLS (Partial Least Square) program. The results showed that the quality of work life has positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, the quality of work life is proven to have positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, organizational commitment has positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and organizational commitment partially mediates the relationship between the quality of work life and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The implication of this research is that the increasing quality of work life will increase organizational commitment so that it can improve Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The company must continuously improve the quality of work life program to increase the employee performance with objective and systematic procedures.</p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p>

Direct-MS analysis of antibody-antigen complexes.

In recent decades, antibodies (Abs) have attracted the attention of academia and the biopharmaceutical industry due to their therapeutic properties and versatility in binding a vast spectrum of antigens. Different engineering strategies have been developed for optimizing Ab specificity, efficacy, affinity, stability and production, enabling systematic screening and analysis procedures for selecting lead candidates. This quality assessment is critical but usually demands time-consuming and labor-intensive purification procedures. Here, we harnessed the direct-mass spectrometry (direct-MS) approach, in which the analysis is carried out directly from the crude growth media, for the rapid, structural characterization of designed Abs. We demonstrate that properties such as stability, specificity and interactions with antigens can be defined, without the need for prior purification.

On which common ground to build? Transferable knowledge across cases in transdisciplinary sustainability research

To support societal problem solving, transdisciplinary research (TDR) uses knowledge co-production focusing on relevance and validity in a studied case and its particular social–ecological context. In the first instance, the resulting situated knowledge seems to be restricted to these single cases. However, if some of the knowledge generated in TDR could be used in other research projects, this would imply that there is a body of knowledge representing this special type of research. This study used a qualitative approach based on the methodology of grounded theory to empirically examine what knowledge is considered transferable to other cases, if any. 30 leaders of 12 Swiss-based TDR projects in the field of sustainable development were interviewed, representing both academia and practice. The transferable knowledge we found consists of the following: (1) Transdisciplinary principles, (2) transdisciplinary approaches, (3) systematic procedures, (4) product formats, (5) experiential know-how, (6) framings and (7) insights, data and information. The discussion of TDR has predominantly been focusing on transdisciplinary principles and approaches. In order to take knowledge co-production in TDR beyond an unmanageable field of case studies, more efforts in developing and critically discussing transferable knowledge of the other classes are needed, foremost systematic procedures, product formats and framings.

WHO Community Engagement Package: A Reinforcement of an Inclusive Approach to Public Health

Community Engagement (CE) plays a crucial role in successful public health actions, achieving universal health coverage, and the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. It has emerged as an effective strategy across different settings through prevention, preparedness, readiness and response, and recovery towards attaining community resilience, Primary Health Care (PHC) strengthening and universal health coverage (UHC), health security, and sustainable development. We reviewed the existing literature and various data sources and found that several CE training packages are available from international partners, focusing on the principles, theories, general questions, and CE techniques. However, there are still challenges because they are often fragmented, with little or no systematic procedures to guide the CE processes in different settings.In this light, WHO initiated a discourse on the CE Package (CEP) development in consultation with some selected international partners. The CEP Project will focus on developing a database, learning, and workshop packages based on curation of CE experiences in different settings using defined criteria. The CEP would harmonize CE processes and facilitate the reinforcement of the CE integration into public health. Further, the CEP Project serves as a collection of selected best practices for pre-service and in-service training packages for health professionals. Also, there is an anticipated inclusion into curricula of health training institutions and WHO staff capacity development. Finally, the database for compiling best practices is designed such that it can be periodically updated and becomes a compendium of CE for learning, research, and informing practice.

The Russian translations of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): A document analysis and discussion of implementation challenges

Aims: To analyze existing Russian translations of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and their applicability in Russian-language populations.
 Method: Document analysis of different Russian-language versions of the AUDIT and its shorter versions as identified in a systematic search.
 Findings: A total of 122 Russian translations of the AUDIT or its shorter versions from Russia and other countries were included in the document analysis, 61 of which were unique versions. Across the translations, a series of inconsistencies was identified, most of which related to the first three consumption items and the concept of a standard drink. The identified problems appeared to have been caused by difficulties in adapting the tool to local drinking patterns and local beverage volumes. None of the analyzed sources mentioned systematic translation procedures according to a predetermined protocol.
 Conclusions: Despite the fact that the AUDIT was developed as a standardized screening tool almost 30 years ago, there is still no official translation into the Russian language according to the commonly used procedures for the translation and adaptation of instruments. A systematic translation and validation appears to be urgently needed in order to have an internationally comparable AUDIT for research and clinical purposes in Russian-speaking populations.