System Resources Research Articles

Rational Design of Heterostructured MXene‐based Nanomaterials in Electrocatalytic Water Splitting

Hydrogen energy is widely considered the potential energy resource for energy conversion systems owing to its high energy density and pollution‐free nature. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in heterostructured MXenes for hydrogen production. The fundamental properties of MXenes and their unique contribution to catalytic application are addressed, including the synthesis strategies, interlayer modification, and hybridization with other materials to enhance catalytic performance. Comparative analysis highlights the effect of different heterostructured MXenes on enhanced catalytic efficiency by tuning their electronic properties and increasing the surface interactions. We provide the future research direction and challenges of functionalized MXene composites, such as material stability, scalability, and environmental impact. Ultimately, the recent progress underscores the potential of heterostructured MXenes in advancing hydrogen production technologies, offering a path toward cleaner energy solutions.

RETRACTED: Design and Implementation of Folk Arts and Crafts Resource Library System Based on Ontology Description and Random Matrix

This article first constructs an ontology, designs the ontology of the resource library, and then uses the ontology to generate formatted SMD. It uses semantic elements to standardize the description of system resources, organizes folk arts and crafts resources in a machine understandable manner, and presents semantic features to users in an intuitive manner. And use random matrix theory to extract the correlation between data from massive amounts of data. The experimental results show that the running time of the system algorithm reaches 1.8 seconds, effectively avoiding the algorithm's extended state estimation falling into local optima and greatly reducing the computational complexity of the algorithm. This study is conducive to promoting the role of resource library systems and improving retrieval efficiency.

“We usually use paragraph one to introduce the topic”: trust building via appraisals by practicum EFL teachers in classroom interactions

Abstract This study investigates how practicum EFL teachers build trust through appraisals in classroom interactions at a local senior high school in Mainland China. Building upon prior research on trust discourse and appraisals, we present a model of teachers’ trust discourse, which we apply to analyze six English reading lessons conducted by three young EFL practicum teachers. The findings reveal that the practicum EFL teachers construct two distinct types of trust: cognition-based trust (CBT) and affect-based trust (ABT). CBT is formed through the communication of the teachers’ epistemic and deontic authority, while ABT is fostered by emphasizing values congruence and guanxi (interpersonal connections) between the teachers and the students. Appraisals play a crucial role in the trust-building efforts of the practicum teachers. Our analysis further indicates a preference among the practicum teachers for prioritizing CBT, as evidenced by their strategic use of appreciation and judgment resources in the attitude system, as well as the application of force resources in the graduation system. This study provides valuable insights into the pivotal role of appraisals in cultivating trust between EFL teachers and students in classroom settings.

E-CARGO-based dynamic weight offload strategy with resource contention mitigation for edge networks

With the widespread use of Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) in smart manufacturing systems in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and 5G networks, determining how to efficiently offload computing tasks has become a hot research area. The Role-Based Collaboration (RBC) Environments-Classes, Agents, Roles, Groups, and Objects (E-CARGO) model is introduced to comprehensively manage MEC servers and user computation tasks in edge network environments, thereby improving the effectiveness and performance of task offloading in smart manufacturing systems. To begin with, latency and energy consumption are important indicators for evaluating the offloading effect. A pre-allocation algorithm based on user latency tolerance is proposed to dynamically adjust the latency-energy consumption weighting factor to optimize system resource allocation for real-time adjustment of offloading decisions. Second, the Group Role Assignment of Agent Role Conflicts (GRACAR) model based on E-CARGO is extended, along with a dynamic weighting of the GRACAR (GRACAR-DW) model and formal modeling. By introducing resource contention constraints, the resource contention caused by excessive task data offloading to the same MEC server is proactively mitigated. Finally, a Gurobi solution based on Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) is developed to help validate and synthesize the proposed model. Simulation results show that the strategy considerably enhances the MEC system's overall performance in terms of latency and energy consumption while also providing new ideas and technological support for offloading decisions in edge networks.

Evaluating Real World Health System Resource Utilization and Costs for a Risk-Based Breast Cancer Screening Approach in the Canadian PERSPECTIVE Integration and Implementation Project.

A prospective cohort study was undertaken within the PERSPECTIVE I&I project to evaluate healthcare resource utilization and costs associated with breast cancer risk assessment and screening and overall costs stratified by risk level, in Ontario, Canada. From July 2019 to December 2022, 1997 females aged 50 to 70 years consented to risk assessment and received their breast cancer risk level and personalized screening action plan in Ontario. The mean costs for risk-stratified screening-related activities included risk assessment, screening and diagnostic costs. The GETCOST macro from the Institute of Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) assessed the mean overall healthcare system costs. For the 1997 participants, 83.3%, 14.4% and 2.3% were estimated to be average, higher than average, and high risk, respectively (median age (IQR): 60 [56-64] years). Stratification into the three risk levels was determined using the validated multifactorial CanRisk prediction tool that includes family history information, a polygenic risk score (PRS), breast density and established lifestyle/hormonal risk factors. The mean number of genetic counseling visits, mammograms and MRIs per individual increased with risk level. High-risk participants incurred the highest overall mean risk-stratified screening-related costs in 2022 CAD (±SD) at CAD 905 (±269) followed by CAD 580 (±192) and CAD 521 (±163) for higher-than-average and average-risk participants, respectively. Among the breast screening-related costs, the greatest cost burden across all risk groups was the risk assessment cost, followed by total diagnostic and screening costs. The mean overall healthcare cost per participant (±SD) was the highest for the average risk participants with CAD 6311 (±19,641), followed by higher than average risk with CAD 5391 (±8325) and high risk with CAD 5169 (±7676). Although high-risk participants incurred the highest risk-stratified screening-related costs, their costs for overall healthcare utilization costs were similar to other risk levels. Our study underscored the importance of integrating risk stratification as part of the screening pathway to support breast cancer detection at an earlier and more treatable stage, thereby reducing costs and the overall burden on the healthcare system.

Application of Human-Computer Interaction in Religious Music Resources System Based on Artificial Intelligent Powered CAD

Application of Human-Computer Interaction in Religious Music Resources System Based on Artificial Intelligent Powered CAD

Contribution of the time domain electromagnetic method to the study of the Kalahari transboundary multilayered aquifer systems in Southern Angola

AbstractThe Cunene Province (Southern Angola) is facing recurrent and pluriannual droughts. Surface water supply could be reinforced using the groundwater resources of the multilayered aquifer systems (MAS) hosted in the siliciclastic sediments of the Kalahari Group. The MAS were first identified in the early 2000s in Northern Namibia and recently in the Cunene Province, by studies of the PLANAGEO project based on modern processing and reinterpretation of legacy data from the 1960s and 1970s (electrical resistivity data and deep boreholes). This article presents the results of a time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) survey conducted in the Cunene Province to: (i) contribute to the design of the hydrogeological conceptual model of the transboundary MAS, namely their geometry and extension; (ii) validate the reprocessing of the legacy data; and (iii) guide the future location of boreholes. Results depict the geometry of the sedimentary basin and the characterization of the MAS, with particular emphasis on the intermediate and deep aquifers. The borehole siting, based on the interpretation of the new TDEM data and the legacy data (clay markers in borehole logs), was successful, with a good agreement between estimated and observed horizons of the deep aquifers. However, the presence of clayey layers, a clay-rich matrix in the detrital deposits and saline/brackish groundwater led to uncertainties in the interpretation of the electrical transects. As such, recommendations are made to improve future data collection and mapping of the MAS.

Separation and extraction of NH4Br and (K,NH4)2SO4 from 1-Bromooctane production wastewater by crystallization method

This work provides a method for the separation and extraction of bromine salts from bromine-containing wastewater by crystallization. Wastewater from the production of 1-Bromooctane is rich in potassium and bromine salts. This will allow for the recycling of chemical resources in this aqueous salt system. Based on the need for the process design of the new method, the solubility phase equilibrium of the quaternary K+,NH4+//SO42-,Br-–H2O system at 298.15 K and 323.15 K was investigated in this paper by using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method, and the dry basis phase diagrams were plotted using the experimental data. And the equilibrium solid phase composition was determined by X-ray diffraction. At 298.15 K, the dry phase diagram of the quaternary system K+,NH4+//SO42-,Br-–H2O consists of three invariant points and five crystalline regions (K2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, (K,NH4)2SO4, (K,NH4)Br, (NH4,K)Br). At 323.15 K, there is one invariant point in the phase diagram of this quaternary system and three crystalline regions((K,NH4)2SO4, (K,NH4)Br, (NH4,K)Br). The (K,NH4)Br crystallization zone grows while the (NH4,K)Br crystallization zone decreases with increasing temperature, according to comparisons of the dry basis phase diagrams of this quaternary system at different temperatures. Crystallization zones of solid solution (K,NH4)2SO4 replaced the K2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 single salt crystallization zones at the same time. The Pitzer model was used to calculate the solubility of this quaternary system at 298.15 K. The results showed that the experimental values were in good agreement with the calculated values. Based on the theoretical analysis of the dry phase diagram of the quaternary system K+,NH4+//SO42-,Br-–H2O, a process route for salt extraction using bromine-containing wastewater generated from the production of 1-Bromooctane was proposed and designed. The new process was experimentally verified to be technically feasible to obtain NH4Br with 99.01 % purity and (K,NH4)2SO4. The process has significant advantages, such as production safety, low input costs and no three-waste emissions.

Adaptive fuzzy performance control based on a triggering mechanism with decreasing function and internal dynamic variable

The problem of fuzzy adaptive prescribed performance control with dynamic event-triggered input for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is investigated in this article. A dynamic event-triggered scheme is proposed that integrates an internal dynamic variable and an exponentially decreasing function, effectively reducing unnecessary trigger events and minimizing the system of communication resources. Subsequently, a fuzzy estimator is designed to estimate the unmeasurable states of the system, while fuzzy logic systems are employed to approximate the uncertain nonlinear terms. The proposed scheme ensures semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) of the closed-loop system and converges the tracking error to a prescribed performance range based on a barrier Lyapunov function. Finally, a simulation example is given to justify the rationality of the proposed strategy.

Correlation of Pseudocholinesterase Level with Clinical, Biochemical Parameters Including Cardiac Profile and the Outcome in Organophosphorus Poisoning.

Poisoning is a significant health hazard and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. India, being a predominantly agrarian country, routinely employs organophosphate (OP) pesticides in farming, and they are readily available "over the counter." OPs exert their toxicity by interfering with the normal function of acetylcholine, an essential neurotransmitter throughout the autonomic and central nervous systems. Due to the limited availability of facilities and resources in health-care systems, and economically restraining patients, it is necessary to rely more on clinical features to assess the severity of poisoning and manage the condition properly. It was a hospital-based prospective observational study that included patients aged >13 years in a tertiary care hospital. All patients were clinically evaluated based on their history and examination. The diagnosis was made based on characteristic clinical manifestations or evidence of exposure to organophosphorus compounds (corroborative evidence such as empty containers and the odor of gastric aspirates). Clinical severity was assessed and categorized according to the Peradeniya Organophosphorus Poisoning Scale (POP scale). A score of 0-3 is considered mild poisoning, 4-7 as moderate poisoning, and 8-11 as severe poisoning. Out of the 50 patients enrolled in the study, 17 (34.00%) were aged <20 years, 19 (38%) were in the 20-30 years age group, and 14 (28%) were aged >30 years. Ingestion is the only mode of exposure to poisoning. None of the patients had history of contact or inhalational exposure. Of the 50 cases, 12 (24.0%) were in the mild category, 26 (52.0%) in the moderate category, and 12 (24%) in the severe category on the POP grading. A comparison of the mean serum pseudocholinesterase, troponin-T, and pro-BNP levels with severity was performed. In mild OP poisoning, the mean serum PChE level was 2766.58 ± 1120.44; in moderate, it was 1969.35 ± 1330.07, and in severe, it was 701.83 ± 961.17. Pseudocholinesterase levels decreased progressively with increasing clinical severity from mild-to-severe cases, and this association was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Two-dimensional echocardiography screening done in all patients did not show any significant abnormalities. This study shows that serum PCE is reduced in OP poisoning and correlates with the clinical severity grading done by the POP scale and is also associated with an increase in the duration of intensive care unit stay. No significant evidence of direct cardiac injury was observed in this study. A low Glasgow Coma Scale score and an increased respiratory rate at presentation are associated with poor outcomes.

Dynamic assessment of the impact of compound dry-hot conditions on global terrestrial water storage

Precipitation and temperature are critical factors influencing terrestrial water storage (TWS) can lead to unexpected TWS losses when compounded by dryness and high temperatures. Yet, a dynamic assessment of the individual and combined effects of these conditions on TWS is lacking. This study proposes a framework to assess TWS loss driven by compound dry-hot conditions (CDHC) and dynamically evaluates risk probabilities and thresholds for 2003–2012 and 2013–2022. Results showed that CDHC exert a greater impact on TWS than dry or hot conditions alone. The risk probabilities of global TWS loss are higher in the late period than in the early period, with risk probabilities for light and extreme levels increasing by approximately 9–11 % and 2–7 %, respectively. Although the resilience of water resource systems to CDHC has increased in some regions, it still shows a decreasing trend on a global scale. The decrease in the resilience to TWS in major hyperarid areas is primarily influenced by temperature, whereas that in arid areas is primarily affected by precipitation. These distinct patterns may be the primary factors contributing to the exacerbation of global TWS loss. This study provides a novel approach for the dynamic assessment of global TWS under CDHC. The research findings offer valuable insights for decision-makers developing adaptive strategies to mitigate future CDHC challenges.

DDPG-AdaptConfig: A deep reinforcement learning framework for adaptive device selection and training configuration in heterogeneity federated learning

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach that protects user privacy by collaboratively training shared models across devices without sharing their raw personal data. Despite its advantages, FL faces issues of increased convergence time and decreased accuracy due to the heterogeneity of data and systems across devices. Existing methods for solving these issues using reinforcement learning often ignore the adaptive configuration of local training hyperparameters to suit varying data characteristics and system resources. Moreover, they frequently overlook the heterogeneous information contained within local model parameters. To address these problems, we propose the DDPG-AdaptConfig framework based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) for adaptive device selection and local training hyperparameters configuration in FL to speed up convergence and ensure high model accuracy. Additionally, we develop a new actor network that integrates the transformer mechanism to extract heterogeneous information from model parameters, which assists in device selection and hyperparameters configuration. Furthermore, we introduce a clustering-based aggregation strategy to accommodate heterogeneity and prevent performance declines. Experimental results show that our DDPG-AdaptConfig achieves significant improvements over existing baselines.

AI Utilization in Communication Buildings and Data Centers

This paper examines the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in communication buildings and data centers, emphasizing its role in enhancing operational efficiency and reliability. AI technologies, including machine learning, predictive analytics, and automation, are increasingly leveraged to optimize the management of these critical infrastructures. The paper provides an overview of current AI implementations, reviews the benefits and challenges associated with these technologies, and discusses future directions. The findings indicate that while AI significantly improves system performance and resource utilization, challenges such as data security and integration complexity persist.

Free-Riding in Plant Health: A Social-Ecological Systems Approach to Collective Action.

Plant disease epidemics often transcend land management boundaries, creating a collective-action problem where a group must cooperate in a common effort to maximize individual and group benefits. Drawing upon the social-ecological systems framework and associated design principles, we review variables of resource systems, resource units, actors, and governance systems relevant to collective action in plant health. We identify a need to better characterize how attributes of epidemics determine the usefulness of collective management, what influences actors' decisions to participate, what governance systems fit different plant health threats, and how these subsystems interact to lead to plant health outcomes. We emphasize that there is not a single governance structure that ensures collective action but rather a continuum of structures that depend on the key system variables identified. An integrated social-ecological systems approach to collective action in plant health should enable institutional designs to better fit specific plant health challenges.

A Review of Research on Human Resource System Strength and Its Future Prospects

A Review of Research on Human Resource System Strength and Its Future Prospects

Workplace violence against junior doctors in Iraq: implications for job satisfaction and retention

IntroductionHealth workers worldwide report being exposed to workplace violence, but those in conflict settings (or post-conflict settings) are especially targeted, as political conflict shifts societal norms. Iraq has suffered war and conflict for decades. A 2013 study of 567 Iraqi-trained physicians found nearly 2/3 had emigrated to mostly English-speaking countries; further, half of those remaining wished to leave Iraq. While prior studies have examined the phenomenon of violence against health workers in Iraq, no qualitative study has characterized Iraqi front line junior doctors’ experiences of workplace violence within a workplace violence causal framework, to inform an educational and policy response.MethodsWe consented and interviewed 73 junior physicians at six teaching hospitals across Central Iraq between December 2021, and January 2022. We analyzed 22 of the 73 conversations, after rejecting 29 because they were terminated prematurely when doctors were called away for patient care, and 22 others where doctors indicated they had no experience with workplace violence. (Our goal was to understand these interactions, not to quantify them).ResultsThe physicians we interviewed had been practicing an average 3 years since graduating from medical school (ranging from 6 months to 7 years). Interviewees represented eight hospital departments, with most coming from internal medicine and surgery. Within a socio-ecological framework, we identified two primary individual-level factors prompting patient-associated violence: patients and their families don’t understand triage (and resent being pushed to the side when doctors focus on more serious cases), and junior doctors (by definition) are young and inexperienced. At the family level, doctors reported patient relatives often demonstrate their devotion to the patient by acting out. At the hospital level, institutions are operating in an environment of scarcity, which generates high emotions as patients compete for attention, supplies and space. At a societal level, doctors reported family attacks persist because perpetrators face no real legal consequences. In addition to causes of violence, there are consequences. Doctors who are targets of violence reported experiencing mental health problems, including depression and loss of self-esteem, and reported thoughts of leaving their positions and even their country. Doctors also expressed regret for choosing a career in medicine.ConclusionYoung, inexperienced junior doctors in Iraq are bearing the brunt of patient frustrations with the scarcity of resources in the health system. Hospitals would likely improve the job satisfaction of junior physicians, and their longevity in the health system, by attending to this problem.

Визуальная интерпретация парадигмы управления организационной системой c разнородными производственными ресурсами

The object of the study is developing a formalized mechanism for managing an organizational system that implements complex production activities, including different types of industrial production, and applies the corresponding heterogeneous resources. The subject of the article is an important intermediate stage of this development, which is an abstract interpretation of the optimal management paradigm of limited resources of such an organizational system, proposed earlier by the authors. The interpretation will allow reasonably forming a strict mathematical model of objects and control processes. The management mechanism in any subject area, providing for adopting management decisions by people authorized to do so, must have an ergonomic development and appropriate information support for these decisions. The so-called result information plays the role of such support, that is the information on the characteristics of the current and planned states of the management object in the problem being solved which is the productivity of the organizational system resources. It seems advisable to carry out such ergonomic and information development of the designed problem-oriented management mechanism in the form of a visual interpretation of its substantive concept. The prototype of such interpretation tools is graphic images used in modelling and designing technical systems, developed in this work in the field of management in organizational systems with heterogeneous resources. The article provides examples of their application, demonstrating the possibility of visual representation of the current state of the organizational system and the set of its possible controlled states.

Two-timescale joint service caching and resource allocation for task offloading with edge–cloud cooperation

Task offloading with edge–cloud cooperation has emerged as a pivotal solution for meeting the intricate array of application coupled with dynamically evolving business demand in 6G business scenarios, such as traffic sensing, environmental monitoring, and video surveillance in smart cities. Nonetheless, effectively leveraging heterogeneous edge–cloud network resources for effective task offloading presents substantial challenges. Additionally, the inherent differences in system decision cycles escalate the complexity of the task offloading problem to a new dimension. In this study, we delve into a two-timescale joint service caching and resource allocation optimization for task offloading within edge–cloud cooperation aiming to maximize long-term network performance while adhering to energy constraints. We propose a novel edge–cloud cooperation task offloading scheme that supports both edge–cloud and edge–edge cooperation to effectively balance the edge–cloud and edge–edge loads, promoting the efficient co-utilization of all edge–cloud system resources. Furthermore, we devise an online two-timescale Lyapunov-based joint optimization framework for service caching, task offloading, and computing resource allocation. Our two-timescale decision-making framework can flexibly accommodate the inherent differences in the sensitive decision optimization periods, thereby mitigating the degradation of task offloading performance caused by frequent service caching updates. Finally, theoretical analysis confirms that our proposed algorithm can converge to an approximate optimal solution in polynomial time, and the superiority of our scheme is validated by extensive simulation experiments.

A Study on the Automation of Fish Species Recognition and Body Length Measurement System

The rapid depletion of fishery resources has led to the global implementation of Total Allowable Catch (TAC) systems. However, the current manual survey methods employed by land-based inspectors show limitations in accuracy and efficiency. This study proposes an automated system for fish species recognition and body length measurement, utilizing the RT-DETR (Real-Time Detection Transformer) model and ARCore technology to address these issues. The proposed system employs smartphone Time of Flight (ToF) functionality to measure object distance and automatically calculates the weight of 11 TAC-managed fish species by measuring their body length and height. Experimental results reveal that the RT-DETR-x model outperformed the YOLOv8x model by achieving an average mAP50 value 2.3% higher, with a mean recognition accuracy of 96.5% across the 11 species. Furthermore, the ARCore-based length measurement technique exhibited over 95% accuracy for all species. This system is expected to minimize data omissions and streamline labor-intensive processes, thereby contributing to the efficient operation of the TAC system and sustainable management of fishery resources. The study presents an innovative approach that significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of fishery resource management, providing a crucial technological foundation for the advancement of future fisheries management policies.

Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem Akuntansi dan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Daerah: Studi Kasus pada Badan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Gorontalo

Regional government financial statements play a crucial role in developing regional government accountability. Thus, it must be quality as it will determine its possibility to be a reference of policy-making and beneficial for its users. This research aims to determine the influence of implementing an accounting system and human resource competency on the quality of regional financial statements at the Regional Financial and Asset Agency of Gorontalo Regency. This research uses a descriptive quantitative. The samples were determined through purposive sampling. This research uses primary data by distributing questionnaires to 41 respondents who manage financial statements. Then, the data are analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that 1) the accounting system has a positive and significant influence on the quality of financial statement, 2) human resource competence has a positive and insignificant influence on the quality of financial statement, and 3) the accounting system and human resource competence simultaneously have a significant influence on the quality of financial statement at the Gorontalo Regency Regional Financial and Asset Agency.