System Of Rice Intensification Technology Research Articles

EFFECT OF SRI AND AWD TECHNOLOGY IN COMPARISON TO TRADITIONAL METHODS ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA)

The leading objective of this anticipated research is to observe the effect of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Alternate Wetting & Drying (AWD) on yield contributing characters of rice. The project was conducted during two Rabi seasons viz. Rabi/2017-18 and Rabi/2018-19 in 9 sites under 5 Upazilla. Rice varieties namely BRRI dhan 28 and BRRI dhan 29 were used where 148 beneficiaries were involved. Modern technology SRI (System of Rice Intensification) with Traditional system were implemented for cultivation of BRRI dhan 28 and BRRI dhan 29 in Rabi/2017-18. SRI technology yielded 6.57 cm higher plant height, 12.47 more tiller and 12.90 more effective tillers and also enhanced panicle length (4.03 cm), no. of grain per panicle (20.07), 1000 grains weight (2.80 gm) and 2.60 monds higher yield than that of traditional method. During Rabi/2018-19, technology AWD (Alternate Wetting and Drying) was used with traditional method. AWD yielded 4.73 cm higher plant height, 9.89 more tiller and 9.27 more effective tillers that were significantly higher than that of traditional method. AWD technology has increased panicle length (3.24 cm), no. of grain per panicle (24.69), 1000 grains weight (1.31 gm) and enhanced 2.21 monds higher yield than that of traditional method. SRI technology yielded 11.52% higher yield in Rabi/2017-18 and AWD technology enhanced 12.20% higher yield during Rabi/2018-19 over use of traditional technology. Modern technologies (SRI and AWD) reduced 15.36% water over use of traditional technology for rice cultivation in both seasons.

Assessment of the organic-based system of rice intensification (SRI) under coastal rice field ecosystem

Objectives: The effects of different levels of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of rice were investigated in a coastal field ecosystem under the systems of rice intensification (SRI) technology. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The study was conducted in a coastal rice field with 8.38 pH. It was laid out in a split-plot design with four treatments replicated thrice. Different amounts of organic fertilizer were applied as basal fertilizer. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significance of the treatment effect was determined using the F-test. Least significant difference (LSD) determined which means are statistically different at the 5% probability level. Findings: Results showed that the filled grains and yield increase were 35.6% and 45%, respectively, when applied with an organic fertilizer at the rate of 6 ton/ha compared with the control. Other parameters measured like the height of plants at maturity and the number of unfilled grains were all comparable with the control group. Applications: SRI technology is a potential option for growing inbred rice in coastal rice fields. Keywords: Coastal rice field; Organic-based; Rice crop; System of rice intensification

The comparison analysis of farming income between System of Rice Intensification (SRI) technology innovation and conventional agriculture system in rice production center in West Java

The purposes of this research are; to find out the short comings and strengths of applying the cultivation technology of the System of Rice Intensification in rice farming in the area of rice production centers in West Java. To know the comparison of rice farming results between conventional farming systems and the technological innovation of the System of Rice Intensification in the area of rice production center in West Java. The method used in this study is the quantitative approach survey method. Data analysis method using farming analysis is calculating the amount of production, revenue, income and level of farming feasibility in rice commodities in the production center. The results of the study prove that the cultivation technology innovation with SRI has strengths and weaknesses. The most visible strength is that this technology is able to increase rice production by 20% when it is compared to cultivation systems that use conventional methods. The method of cultivating rice plants using SRI technology is able to produce 6.20 tons/hectare of production, while those using conventional methods only produce 5.7 tons / hectare.

Complementarity of Technology Adoption and Social Capital Participation: The Case of Systems of Rice Intensification in Ghana

AbstractRice is the second most important staple food in Ghana. The system of rice intensification (SRI) technology has been introduced in farmers' fields, and its adoption is increasing. Using a bivariate probit model and maximum likelihood estimation methods, the study tests whether or not there is a complementarity relationship between adoption of SRI technology and membership in a cooperative. Results reveal that there is positive relationship between the SRI adoption and social capital participation. The study identified covariates including age, gender and educational level of respondents as influencing both the adoption of SRI technology and participation in a cooperative. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Persepsi Petani terhadap Program Upaya Khusus Peningkatan Produksi Padi, Jagung, dan Kedelai (Kasus Teknologi SRI di Subak Lungatad, Desa Peguyangan Kangin, Kecamatan Denpasar Utara, Kota Denpasar)

Perception of Farmers on Special Efforts to Increase Rice, Corn and SoybeanProduction (The Case of SRI Technology in Subak Lungatad,Peguyangan Kangin Village, Denpasar City)The need for food is one of the main aspects for the survival of society. Special Foodfor food self-sufficiency 2015-2017 is the effort of the Ministry of Agriculture tosucceed in self-sufficiency in rice, corn, soybeans in 2017. One of the hopes as the bestsolution for agriculture in Indonesia in increasing production is through a method offarming patterns with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). The purpose of thisstudy was to find out the perception of farmers on the Upsus Pajale program, especiallySRI technology in Subak Lungatad, Peguyangan Kangin Village, North DenpasarDistrict. The number of samples was 30 farmers. The data were gathered throughquestionnaires using quantitative and qualitative data types. The data that had beenprocessed were further analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis method.Research results show that the farmers' perceptions of SRI technology: (1) innovationwas in good category with a score of 3.96, (2) social aspects were in good category witha score of 3.61, (3) economic aspects were in good category with a score of 4.09. And(4) the technical/ environmental aspects were also in the good category with a score of3.48.Based on the results of the research and conclusions obtained, the suggestion that can bemade to the government is that they should provide more input on the SRI plantingsystem, both through technical guidance, field practice (making demonstration plots)and mentoring during each planting season, so that the results achieved could berailored to the expectations of all parties. It is also recommended that they should paymore attention to the rice sales system which is currently being sold using a slashsystem, with the calculation using the area (acre), thus making it difficult for farmers toobtain optimal benefits.

System of Rice Intensification Verses Conventional Rice System: Off-farm Field Studies

With inevitable growth of demand for human and industrial needs, water available for agriculture will become scarcer in the future. India is a highly water-stressed country. Hence, India needs to invest in improving its water productivity, and any capacity to produce more rice with less water. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) has attracted much attention in increasing rice yield per unit area. For this study, fifteen farmers were selected those were practicing SRI technology by themselves during the Boro-cultivation season (January-April). The study was continued for three consecutive years 2012 to 14 on the same fields. In addition to the SRI plots, a similar size of non-SRI plot was maintained in conventional cultivation for comparison purpose. On an average, the non-SRI ight increased by 12%, number of tillers per square meter by 85%, number of reproductive tillers per hill by 286%, weight of panicle per hill by 139%, number of seeds per panicle by 41% and test weight by 26% due to SRI practice over the non-SRI practice. Average increment in straw and grain yield due to SRI over the non-SRI is 70% and 59% respectively. The physico-chemical and biological properties of soil improved due to SRI practice.

The Value of Information in Technology Adoption: Theory and Evidence from Bangladesh

We develop a theoretical model in which farmers' adoption decisions are based on their degree of risk aversion and on the information about the quality of a new technology received from other farmers. To test the predictions of this model, we run a field experiment in Bangladesh. We show that (treated) farmers who receive more training in terms of the quality of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) technology, and thus have more accurate information about this technology, have a higher impact on the adoption rate of the untreated farmers. We also find that more risk-averse untreated farmers tend to adopt less and are less influenced by their treated peers. Finally, a trained farmer's impact on his untrained peers increases if he adopts himself the SRI technology. Our results thus indicate that the crucial determinant of technology adoption for untreated farmers is their degree of risk aversion and the accuracy and reliability of the information transmission about the quality of the technology circulated among farmers.

The Value of Information in Technology Adoption

We develop a theoretical model in which technology adoption decisions are based on the information received from others about the quality of a new technology and on their risk attitudes. We test the predictions of this model using a randomized field experiment in Bangladesh. We show that the share of treated farmers who receive better training in System of Rice Intensification (SRI) technology have a high positive impact on the adoption rate of untreated farmers. We also find that untreated farmers who are more risk-averse tend to adopt the technology less and are less influenced by their treated peers. Finally, a trained farmer's impact on his untrained peers increases if he himself adopts SRI technology. Our results indicate that the crucial determinants of technology adoption for untreated farmers are the accuracy and reliability of information transmission about the quality of the technology circulated among farmers as well as their degree of risk aversion.

ADOPTION OF SRI PLANTING SYSTEM IN RANDUAGUNG VILLAGE, LUMAJANG REGENCY, EAST-JAVA, INDONESIA

SRI (System of Rice Intensification) planting system is technological innovation which emphasizes on soil function as growth media and source of plant nutrition. Introduction process to the SRI technology in Randuagung Village, Lumajang Regency has implemented for 5 years. However, farmers are still unwilling to implement the system. Therefore, it is necessary to know obstacles that caused slow process of that system adoption. This research was qualitative descriptive and conducted on September to October 2016 to the “Tani Khisma Agung” Farmer Group. Sample determination method that used in this research was snowball sampling, thus it was obtained 2 key informants and 18 informants. Data analysis used interactive model data analysis by Miles , Huberman, and Saldana (2014), which is data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The research result showed that there were obstacles that caused slow process of SRI planting system innovation adoption as follow: Labour system, water availability, less real proofs, program continuity, late assistance, plant pest organism, and cost. Besides that, there were other obstacles such as planning process with top-down system and group counseling method that less appropriate to the actual condition.

More Crop per Drop of Water: Adoption and Dis-adoption Dynamics of System of Rice Intensification

For efficient use of water, there is a dire need to manage acute water scarcity in agriculture through the adoption of sustainable water management technologies. To produce more crops per drop of water, the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) technology is being promoted. We undertook a case study in the state of Kerala, India, to examine the factors influencing adoption and dis-adoption of SRI. The humid and tropical climate of Kerala is conducive for rice cultivation. However, over the years, the area under rice cultivation in Kerala has been declining. In this context, SRI technology has emerged as a prominent tool to achieve increased rice production and thus productivity. The study reveals that factors such as experience in farming, income from off-farm and non-farm sources, size of landholding and contact with agriculture extension officers are significant determinants of adoption of SRI technology. On the other hand, factors such as difficulty in water management and early transplantation, non-availability of skilled labour and difficulty in using the cono weeder cause the dis-adoption of SRI. We suggest that, in addition to promoting SRI technology, it is also imperative to develop effective irrigation facilities and promote participatory irrigation management to produce more crop per drop of water. Many farmers who discontinued SRI technology cited the lack of institutional support and capacity building as the factors influencing their decision. Therefore, the state government needs to focus on these aspects so that not only dis-adoption can be minimized significantly, but more farmers can also be encouraged to adopt the technology in the coming years.

Study on yield potentiality and spatial requirement of rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in system of rice intensification (SRI) under red and laterite zone of West Bengal, India

Field experiment was conducted at Rice Research Station, Bankura during kharif season 2009 and 2010 to study the yield potentiality and spatial requirement of rice varieties in system of rice intensification (SRI) under red and laterite zone of West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a three replications with two rice varieties (Swarna and Lalat). Performances of swarna and lalat varieties in SRI as compared to conventional method of rice cultivation (CMRC) were investigated. Swarna (MTU 7029) has yielded maximum grain yield (6.07, 5.66 and 5.86 t ha-1 during 2009, 2010 and in pooled, respectively) from the treatment T7 (25 × 25 cm spacing) under SRI. Lowest grain yield (3.55, 3.23 and 3.38 t ha-1 during 2009, 2010 and in pooled, respectively) was recorded from treatment T9 (Lalat at 20 × 15 cm spacing) under CMRC. SRI technology has potential in increasing more grain yield, it saves seed requirement and irrigation water and chemical fertilizer considering than conventional method of cultivation. Rice cultivation is more sustainable and profitable for the farmers in SRI under the red and laterite zone of West Bengal.

Socio-economic impact of system of rice intensification (SRI) and traditional rice cultivation in Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu : experiences from TN-IAMWARM Project

The study has assessed the socio-economic impact of rice intensification. The results of the study revealed that, variables namely age, education, farming experience, SRI experience, information seeking behaviour, training attended, extension orientation, economic motivation, risk orientation, market perception, innovativeness and attitude were found to be positively significant at 1 per cent level of probability with their extent of adoption of SRI technology. The most important constraint in SRI cultivation has been identified as usage of cono-weeder (58.21 %) followed by nursery management (56.61 %). The adoption of SRI technique has helped increase the rice production without increasing the area under its cultivation and has proved to serve as an alternative method for rice cultivation.

Frontline demonstration an effective way of popularization of system of rice intensification (SRI)

Frontline demonstrations (FLD) were conducted in 2011-12 and 2012-13 at eight farmer’s fields, to popularize the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). SRI technology, conoweeder and two rice varieties were used in FLDs and improved technologies were compared with local practices. Joyti and Uma variety of paddy crop in SRI Method gave higher yield of (30.7, 35.3 and 38.6, 40.7 q/ha) which was 10.1, 13.8 and 12.9, 14.1 q/ha more than farmers practices in first and second year of FLD, respectively. Cono-weeder reduced the labour required for weeding by 35 man-days/ha and labour cost by Rs 20000-25000 /ha. The seed requirement was found lesser in this system (10-12 kg vs 100 kg/ha), the young seedlings were used in order to initiate more tillering (14 days instead of 20-25 days old seedlings) and seedling number (1 in SRI vs. 3-4 seedlings in conventional system). Farmer’s participatory evaluation indicated that SRI method is an acceptable and economically viable technology. As a result in 2012-13, an area of 5 ha, near to the FLD fields was subsequently converted to SRI system. In conventional rice farming farmers use 20-25 days old seedling, ten times quantity of seeds, 3-4 seedlings per hill, standing water of 5cm and 55 labour per ha. This increases the cost of cultivation for conventional method of farming by Rs 25450. There after this technique more popular in Ernakulum, district.

System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Its Implications over Food Security and Farmer Sovereignty

Better is the technology; better is the livelihood of farmers’ community. The correlation between technology and rural development is highly positive. An agrarian technology apart from ensuring better production should also lead to better remuneration. SRI is one such technology that not only augments rice production but also reduces cost of cultivation. In this context, the present study has been undertaken to understand the impact of SRI over resource use efficiency and technical efficiency of rice cultivation. Upper velar basin in Salem district of Tamil Nadu was chosen for study as in this area SRI method of rice cultivation is practiced in great extent. The factors influencing the adoption of SRI are also determined. The cost involved in the adoption of SRI is also studied through partial budgeting analysis to show how far SRI is better than conventional rice cultivation practices. It was found that 98 % of SRI farmers are technically efficient against 54 % of the traditional farmers. The study revealed that per hectare cost of cultivation is around five per cent lower in SRI than the conventional method. Moreover adoption of SRI has led to 84 per cent increase in net income than conventional method. Net gain from adopting SRI technology was Rs.17045. It was also found out that SRI ensures farmers’ sovereignty by low quantum of water usage, improvement in soil health, decreased in cost of production and low seed requirement.