Purchasing System Research Articles

중증장애인생산품 우선구매제도의 사회적 가치 규명

The purpose of this study is to measure the social value of the preferential procurement of products manufactured by persons with severe disabilities. To this end, domestic and foreign preceding studies were reviewed, and based on this, stakeholder interviews were conducted. Looking at the results of the study, first of all, from the perspective of disabled workers, the preferential purchase system for products produced by the severely disabled contributed a lot to the increase in income, Employment through the preferential purchase system was found to have a positive effect on improving social ties and psychological stability. Next, in terms of families with disabilities, it was found to be helpful to household income, and it was said that it had a positive effect on family relationships. From the perspective of business owners, all participants said that preferential purchase had a positive effect on job creation for the disabled, securing stable sales channels, and increasing sales. Finally, in terms of government (social public interest), all interviewees said that priority purchase has a positive effect on raising awareness of products produced by the severely disabled, creating jobs for the disabled, reducing social security costs, and increasing tax revenue. As such, it was confirmed that the preferential procurement of products manufactured by persons with severe disabilities has social value that positively affects not only disabled workers in vocational rehabilitation facilities but also various stakeholders.

Forecasting Student Clothes Purchases Intention in Bangladesh: A Machine Learning Approach

Online shopping provides an excellent opportunity and platform for today's traditional businesses. Because of the advancement of online purchasing systems, students often prefer online shopping. Thus, students' involvement in online purchasing has become an important trend. The research aims to determine university students' purchase intentions toward Bangladeshi clothing brands using several machine learning approaches. An online questionnaire survey was conducted with 1000 university students, and the study goal is to understand their attitudes to online shopping from a different perspective. This paper represents a comparative study of different machine-learning techniques that have been applied to the problem of customer purchasing intention. The experiments were conducted using supervised machine learning techniques like linear regression, logistic regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) was also used to predict university students' purchase intentions. This study found that students' age, quality of cloth, purchase discount, and price positively impacted student purchase intentions, but the buying risk negatively affected students' purchase intentions. Linear regression gives the highest accuracy with maximum features, and the accuracy is 89.2%.

Exploring commonly used terms from online reviews in the fashion field to predict review helpfulness

Online shopping for fashion products is a challenging process for consumers. Although customers can facilitate purchasing, review content and helpful voting systems can be unreliable. This study aims to apply linguistic approaches on term recognition to identify and extract frequent terms in fashion reviews and predict their helpfulness. Features are chosen using the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model for topics, bi-grams using the term frequency- inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) vectorizer and topics plus bi-grams using the TF-IDF vectorizer. The feature sets are then used to train four supervised algorithms on an imbalanced dataset to highlight the model performance. Models are validated using a dataset of 828,700 customer reviews collected from Amazon Fashion platform. The experimental results show that choosing LDA plus n-grams using the TF-IDF vectorizer for a random forest classifier outperforms the other models, with an accuracy of 0.81 and an F1-score of 0.78. Furthermore, the study indicates that reviews describing fabric quality, trend and fashion aesthetics, size details, price, and return experience are more helpful. Using the results, customers are made aware of how to narrow their search terms and retailers can optimize their review system more intelligently, especially on the first page of a product's description.

Research on Electric Vehicle Purchase and Sale Information Management System

With the increasing number of traditional fuel vehicle markets, the problems of energy supply and demand and environmental pollution are becoming more and more prominent. Electric vehicles with energy-saving and environmental protection characteristics are not only the breakthrough to solve this series of problems but also the key to the structural transformation of the automobile industry. This study takes the influencing factors of consumers’ purchase of electric vehicles as the research objective, takes quantitative research methods as the main method, and qualitative research methods as the auxiliary method to explore the influencing factors of electric vehicle purchase intention. At the same time, it takes into account the theory of consumers’ purchase decisions, builds an information management system, takes consumers’ purchase intention as the explained variable, and defines independent variables from four dimensions of consumers’ perceived value. It involves performance value, economic value, convenience value, and social value. Then, the research hypothesis is proposed that the four dimensions have a positive impact on consumers’ purchase intention. Then, the author puts forward his opinion on how to obtain the maximum benefit for electric enterprises through information management. This paper finds that the higher the consistency, coherence, and credibility of the policy mix, the higher the consumers’ willingness to adopt electric vehicles, and positively regulates the relationship between perceived behavioral control and consumers’ willingness to adopt electric vehicles. This paper also expounds on the influencing factors of purchase, which will play a positive role in promoting the consumption and development of electric vehicles.

Kajian Rantai Pasok Biji Kopi (Grean Bean) Di PT Sulotco Jaya Abadi Kabupaten Tana Toraja

This study aims to identify the coffee supply chain that occurs at PT Sulotco Jaya Abadi, Tana Toraja Regency. This research was conducted from February to August 2022. The selection of respondents was carried out using the Snowball Sampling method. The types of data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The primary data collected was obtained directly from the results of interviews and through questionnaires which were distributed to one respondent in the company, two collecting traders, sixty five farmers. So that the total respondents in this study were 68 people. Secondary data were obtained from related agencies, namely through the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), books, the internet, journal articles, thesis articles related to this research topic. The results of this study indicate that the supply chain at PT Sulotco Jaya Abadi, Tana Toraja Regency has two sources of raw materials, namely from the company's own coffee plantations and from local farmers through collectors. PT Sulotco Jaya Abadi's supply chain product flow is in the form of Green Bean coffee beans. PT Sulotco Jaya Abadi's supply chain financial flow is using a purchase and sale transaction system, namely a cash system and interbank transfers. The supply chain information flow of PT Sulotco Jaya Abadi occurs in two directions between the actors involved in the supply chain.

Pengaruh Social Media Marketing dan Brand Ambassador terhadap Minat Beli Nacific Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19:

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has caused changes in consumer behavior, from buying in person to buying through online. This change in consumer behavior makes companies change their sales system. Nacific is a company that implements an online product purchase system. Therefore, the researcher aims to examine the variables of social media marketing and brand ambassadors on Nacific's interest. The method used in this research is a quantitative survey research, with multiple linear regression analysis. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling technique. Researchers collect research data by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents who are consumers and potential customers of Nacific. Research data processing techniques are classical assumption test and hypothesis testing. The results showed that the influence of social media marketing and brand ambassadors on purchase interest was 46.3%. The results of testing the research hypothesis show that social media marketing and brand ambassadors have a simultaneous positive and significant effect on Nacific's purchase interest. Social media marketing and brand ambassadors have a positive and significant partial effect on Nacific's purchase interest. Meanwhile, the brand ambassador has no positive and partially significant effect on Nacific's purchase interest.
 Keywords: social media marketing, brand ambassador, purchase interest, covid-19 pandemic, nacific

Desktop-Based of Outdoor Tools Buying and Sales Information System

System development is carried out to produce a system that can help process transactions related to purchases and sales. System development is designed to make a computerized sales and purchasing system so it will facilitate all activities quickly, easily and accurately. System development carried out in Alambara Adventure because it still uses a manual system in running the sales and purchasing system, so that the manual implementation process is still experiencing time and accuracy problems. The method used in this research is the descriptive analysis method. Information systems applied in the sale and purchase of outdoor equipment are in the form of internet and desktop-based information systems. The system is built using Borland Delphi 7 and Microsoft Access as a database and there is automation for coding, among others, item code, customer, supplier, and invoice number. System analysis starts from analyzing the running system then analyzing system weaknesses and finally making a system requirements analysis. The system design stage starts from making context diagrams, data flow diagrams, and flowcharts, then making input and output designs. The novelty of the system designed at Alambara Adventure is the testing phase carried out on the user through Acceptance testing at the system design stage and at the end of the system design.

MISCONCEPTIONS OF PROSPECTIVE MATHEMATICS TEACHER IN LINEAR EQUATIONS SYSTEM

Misconceptions are still a problem in learning mathematics. The causes are very diverse, ranging from the cognitive abilities of students who are not good at mathematics to the teacher who is the trigger for this misconception. The misconception diagnostic test benefits readers as a reference and pressure point in conveying certain concepts that are prone to misconceptions. This study aims to diagnose the occurrence of misconceptions and to analyze the types of misconceptions in 29 prospective mathematics teachers on the two-variable (SPLDV) and three-variable (SPLTV) linear purchasing system materials. A test to detect conceptual errors was given to these prospective teacher students to diagnose conceptual errors that occurred when they studied SPLDV in junior high school and SPLTV in high school before being given linear sales system material in Elementary Linear Algebra courses. The results show that there are still classificational, correlational, and theoretical misconceptions. Theoretical misconceptions that occur in students are related to the definition of misconceptions and related to the definition and types of SPL solutions. Classificational misconceptions occur when students classify examples and non-examples of a given linear sales system. Correlational misconceptions occur in students, namely students cannot connect a statement related to SPLDV with its graphical representation of the statement given, also students are not precise in compiling mathematical models of everyday problems given so the solutions obtained are incorrect.

The Weight Allocation Method of Component Based on the Mutual Influence

Components play a pivotal role in component‐based software, with certain components being crucial in realizing the software’s overall functionality. The importance of component is usually characterized using the weight value of component. How to get the weight value is a problem that needs to be studied. Traditionally, the weight value can be denoted by an expert’s evaluation. However, the importance of components can vary depending on their interactions within different combination structures. Therefore, it becomes necessary to consider the mutual influence resulting from component interactions when determining component weights, in addition to expert evaluations. In this study, we first establish an influence value model that captures the interactions between components within various combinations. Subsequently, we propose a comprehensive weight allocation method for components by integrating expert evaluations with the influence values obtained from the component interactions, using an evidence‐based information fusion approach. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our method by implementing a scenic spot ticket purchase system. This approach is more reasonable than the single method and can provide software developers with a more comprehensive analysis of component importance, enabling them to make informed decisions.

Review of Legal Policy Concerning Payment of Book Royalties in Indonesia Based on Copyright Law

This study aims to find out how the study of legal policy regarding payment of book royalties in Indonesia is based on the Copyright Act, the royalty payment system must of course be through an agreement between the two parties, namely between the publisher and the author of the manuscript. The agreement is made after the manuscript is received and deserves to be published by signing the SPPB (Book Publishing Agreement). The royalty amount for the purchase system is decided by mutual agreement between the publisher and the author. Publishers give royalties to authors in accordance with the general standard, which is 10%, it can be increased or less depending on how famous the author's denomination is and the superiority of the elbow grease produced. document as contained in clause 1 characteristic 1 of collection character 28 of 2014 in reference to document (UUHC) that "Copyright is the incompatible hold together of the originator that arises mechanically supported on declaratory customaries subsequently a elbow grease is accomplished in a touchable configuration without reduction the qualifications in conformation with with the refreshments of regulations and regulations". The refreshments in document be resonant the accomplishment and security of a elbow grease mechanically without continuance certified nailed down pronouncements and are extremely intimately related the continuance of the elbow grease and its originator if a elbow grease has been touchable and has incompatible rights which are dual-laned into economical Rights and conscientious Rights.

Spare Parts Purchase Information System at PT Fuboru Indonesia

Purchasing an item from a supplier is an important element for companies to procure goods. Because in a purchase there are so many things that must be considered such as the quality of the goods, the quantity of the goods, the prices of the goods, and many other attributes of the goods which later the goods will be resold to the customers. One company that has a business process/purchase cycle to suppliers is PT. Fuboru. But until now PT. Fuboru in the process of purchasing to suppliers and management of goods in the warehouse still uses the manual method, namely by recording purchases/procurement of goods using books and purchase notes, often loss occurs because the storage of purchase notes is still in the form of archives, causing the absence of systematic purchase data records. This causes problems in service to customers because if there is an error in calculating the stock manually / not computerized, then if there are goods that are out of stock, the procurement of goods will not be carried out immediately, it will take time in the process of procuring goods to suppliers. So that a system is needed that can facilitate the Warehouse and purchasing department to place an order for goods and monitor the stock of goods in the Warehouse. In this research will be made a web-based purchasing information system at PT. Indonesian Fuboru. The information system created can store data on supplier purchase transactions made and management of goods in the warehouse of PT. Fuboru Indonesia. In addition, it can facilitate PT Fuboru Indonesia in monitoring the purchase and management of goods in the warehouse. The research uses the waterfall software development method and uses the PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) programming language. By using the waterfall software development method, it can facilitate researchers in building information systems because the system is carried out in stages starting from gathering requirements to implementation. Each stage is carried out optimally before the next stage so as to minimize errors

E-Commerce Coffepedia with Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Testing

Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in economic activities in Indonesia. Coffee is also one of Indonesia's export commodities which is quite important as a foreign exchange earner in addition to oil and gas. As a producer, Indonesia occupies the fourth position while as a consumer Indonesia is in seventh place, and coffee connoisseurs in Indonesia are growing rapidly at 8% for the development of coffee connoisseurs in Indonesia while the development of coffee connoisseurs in the world is only 6%. With the increase in coffee drinkers in Indonesia, the level of sales of coffee powder will also increase. In this study, the system was designed to facilitate the sale of coffee powder using prototyping methodology and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for testing method. The purchasing system can make it easier and provide convenience for buyers and sellers in Indonesia. Based on the TAM test that has been carried out on 79 respondents, it shows the results that Attention to Use (ATU) affects Behavioral Intention to Use (BITU) by 4.427, Behavioral Intention to Use (BITU) affects Actual System Usage (ASU) 16.511, Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) affects Attention to Use (ATU) by 3.130, Perceived Usefulness (PU) affects Attention to Use (ATU) by 6.712, and PU affects BITU by 4.692.

淸末 捐納廢止論의 形成과 그 意味

The office purchase system (Juanna; 捐納) is a system that sells the titles of university student (jiansheng 監生), tribute student (gongsheng 貢生) and clerk or archivist (典簿), Rank, the title of an office (guanxian 官銜) - mostly just a brevet title (xuxian 虛銜) - or a real office (shizhi 實職) etc., and was also called ‘maiguan(賣官)’ (Selling Offices). It is a system in which the government sells according to certain regulations to cover insufficient financial resources as a financial means other than fixed-rate, and civilians and bureaucrats purchase it. From a social point of view, the office purchase system not only functioned as a tool to prevent the rise or fall of status along with the past system, but also provided a means of guaranteeing faster promotion and commissioning for incumbent or candidate bureaucrats. After the Xianfeng reings (1851~1861), the frequent implementation of the office purchase system was to prove the state''s financial difficulties, but above all, it was causing the collapse of the official administration. In this respect, after the Xianfeng reings, public opinion on the suspension of the payment of arrears began to boil, but from a financial point of view, it did not lead to the abolition due to ''unavoidable''(不得已). From the time after Xianfeng reings until Shiguanjuan (Purchasing for real Offices;實官捐) implemented the ‘permanent suspension’(永遠停止) in 1901, public opinions on the suspension of the donation System was mainly focused on the collapse of reason from the traditional perspective. However, during the Guangxu reigns (1875~1908), the utility of annual payments as a non-fixed financial means was lost, and only the negative effects were exacerbated. In the end, the ‘permanent suspension’ measures were taken in 1901, but nevertheless, the actual relationship was not stopped and continued until the moment of the collapse of the Qing Dynasty. The public opinion at the time regarding the abolition of the abolition of the pension after 1901 never trusted the ''permanent suspension'' because of the precedent that had already been repeated over and over again. Shiguanjuan (Purchasing for real Offices) after 1901 was an important ground that it mainly hindered the promotion of the theocracy, but paradoxically, Shiguanjuan (Purchasing for real Offices) had to be implemented in order to raise expenses for the promotion of various new policy(光緖新政). In fact, from 1900 to 1911, the practice was conducted in various parts of the Porvinces. By 1910, annual donation income was incorporated into the official fiscal income of the Porvinces. Although the proportion of total fiscal revenue is significantly lower than in the previous period, the reason why the Selling Offices System could never be given up was because the annual payment was ultimately a financial means.

Penerapan Model Extereme Programming Pada Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Pembelian

Record management in the purchasing process in a construction company is very important. It is intended that all expenditures for purchases can be neatly arranged, but this has not been implemented properly by PT. Putri Guntur Prakarsa who became the object of our research. Recording in purchasing activities is still not well integrated and even this company has not gotten used to making formal reports. This makes it difficult for top management to make decisions because the information presented is still in the form of raw data. The solution to this problem can be done by creating a purchasing information system that can generate purchase reports directly. The method in developing this application uses the Exterme Programming (XP) model. The result of this research is the realization of an information system that can assist purchasing activities at PT. Putri Guntur Perkasa who can assist in managing purchase data, speed up data processing and present purchase reports quickly and in detail.

Analisis Kualitas Rancangan Point of Sale Menerapkan Metode Mean Squared Error

The development of the business prompted the company to always strive to improve the quality of products and services to consumers. The service can purchase goods was done electronically and can also be done online or electronic commerce. Implementation of business solutions is a commitment to improve its corporate customers a competitive advantage in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, performance, and business development. The research purpose is to analyze the quality of point of sale (POS) designs to support a purchasing service system that can help Nasi Kapau Unidar restaurants. This creation begins with data collection using the mean squared error (MSE) method with a flowchart approach and Unified Modeling Language (UML) with the result of the accuracy with mean squared error of 0.44.

Pay to Win or Pay to Cheat: How Players of Competitive Online Games Perceive Fairness of In-Game Purchases

The advent of various in-game purchasing systems has led to several ethical concerns in contemporary gaming ecosystems, including the monetary dark patterns in game design and the potential harms on gamer welling by introducing cheating, gambling, and addictive mechanisms. These concerns have resulted in the rise of tensions regarding the impacts of in-game purchases on players who pay versus those who do not pay, such as their perceptions of "fairness" in highly competitive gaming contexts when spending is involved. Using 2,685 Reddit posts from five subreddits of popular online sports and card games that focus on player-to-player competition, we investigate how players of these games perceive fairness of their in-game purchases. This research expands our existing knowledge on ethical concerns and fairness in gaming by highlighting consumers' (players') diverse ethical judgments regarding the increasingly popular monetization mechanisms in modern gaming. It also highlights ethical dilemmas surrounding competition, spending, and enjoyment in online gaming and informs the design of future digital consumption systems for fairer, healthier, and more ethical gaming dynamics.

Analisis Ekonomi Syariah dalam Praktik Jual Beli Panen Padi di Kelurahan Klemunan Kabupaten Blitar

Buying and selling is an economic activity that cannot be separated from daily life. Basically the law of buying and selling in Islam is permissible. Islam has regulated all provisions related to buying and selling activities, but in its implementation there are still irregularities found, one of which is bond trading which contains an element of taghrir (uncertainty) in its implementation. Such buying and selling is still taking place in Klemunan Village, Wlingi District, Blitar Regency. This study aims to determine the mechanism of implementing the system of buying and selling rice harvests in Klemunan Village in terms of an Islamic economic perspective and the reasons why farmers choose to use the system in buying and selling agricultural crops. This research is a case study qualitative research. Data was collected through interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that the sale and purchase of crops carried out with the slashing cengkalan system which took place in Klemunan Village, Wlingi District, Blitar Regency, East Java, was included in the bonded sale and purchase system. The buying and selling system applied contains an element of market distortion in the Islamic economy, namely taghrir in quantity. The ongoing buying and selling activities with this system are driven by several things, including the area of arable land, practicality, compatibility with buyers, and habits and lack of religious knowledge.
 Keywords: rice farming; ijon system; transaction; Islamic economics

Analysis of Internal Control on Cash Receiving (Case Study at the Pratama Tiara Bunda Clinic)

This study aims to make Tiara Bunda Clinic able to understand and evaluate internal control in the purchasing system that has been implemented. This type of research is a case study at the Pratama Tiara Bunda Clinic, with data collection techniques used are interviews and documentation. The results of this study can be concluded that the internal control system for cash receipts at Tiara Bunda Clinic Pratama for the risk assessment component and control activities are not adequate with COSO 2013 this is evident from the practice implemented by Tiara Bunda Clinic Pratama. This difference is because there have not been any changes at all related to regulations or the operating environment relating to cash receipts and physical control of cash receipts assets at the clinic every time a deposit is made to the clinic owner, it is always recalculated, for computer programs related to cash receipts assets there data in non-computerized cash receipts, only patient data is computerized. Meanwhile, the components of internal control, information, and communication, as well as monitoring are by the 2013 COSO theory, This can be proven from the practice that has been carried out by Tiara Bunda Clinic.

The ACM’s Apple decision: to boldly go where no enforcer has gone before

App stores are at the epicentre of current antitrust enforcement as cases are unfolding across the globe.1 While Google’s Play Store is not insulated from antitrust enforcement, most complaints target Apple’s App Store. The complainants are diverse, but the most vocal among them—including Epic Games, Spotify, and Match Group—have grouped together in the Coalition for App Fairness.2 They have two main grievances. First, Apple reserves to its own App Store the monopoly of app distribution within iOS. Second, developers selling digital content via the App Store must use Apple’s in-app purchase system (IAP), which comes with a 30 per cent fee, and cannot inform users of alternative purchasing possibilities such as the web (‘anti-steering provision’).3 For comparative purposes, two cases are particularly important. First, Epic has tried to break the App Store’s monopoly within iOS. A US judge rejected its monopolization claim but did find Apple’s anti-steering provision in breach of California’s unfair competition law.4 Second, the European Commission (EC) has adopted a statement of objections regarding the mandatory use of IAP and the related anti-steering provision.5 This critique examines the Apple decision of the Dutch Authority for Consumers & Markets (ACM) within that context, focusing on the ACM’s choice for an exploitative rather than an exclusionary theory of harm.

P6.01: Actuarial Perspective on the Immunosuppressive Medication Costs and Coverage for Transplant Recipients in the Argentine´S Public System: 2009-2021

Introduction: In 2007, a National Post-Transplant Follow-up Program (PNSPT) was created, which is managed by the Special Programs Coordination Unit (UCPE). One of the objectives of this Unit is to provide immunosuppressive drugs to patients with exclusive public coverage and some special programs. The PNSPT program includes stages that involve the purchase of medicines requested by the Ministry of Health (according to the history of consumption and the balance between registrations and withdrawals of the beneficiary); and the collection in Logistics Operators (medical prescription, request for medicines from each jurisdiction, distribution logistics, patient care and stock management). The cost of immunosuppressive drugs is high, highly variable, and poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of the PNSPT program in compliance with the coverage of immunosuppressive drugs. Methods: This is a descriptive study. The data was obtained from INCUCAI’s National Purchasing and Transplant Information System (SINTRA). The different program regulations were reviewed and medication shipments to the provinces registered and systematized. Subsequently, the following were evaluated annually: the number of patients in the program and the formulary; the amount of medicines distributed, the investment in US dollars made according to the prices paid for each medicine according to the purchase order of the last tender (to control the inflationary effect that occurred during the period analyzed). Results: PNSPT coverage has steadily increased from 705 patients (2009) to 4,351 (2021). Investments in medicines increased even more, going from US$1.1 million in 2009 to US$13.1 million in 2021. Thus, the direct increase in the average investment per patient doubled between the periods analyzed (2009: u $1,559.9; 2021: $3,010.6). The largest investment was in 2019 and there was a slight decrease in the following 2 years, as a result of changes in the management of the Program, related to the search for efficiency in the use and purchase of medicines. Throughout the analyzed period, the vademecum included drugs such as Everolimus, Azatriopine, Tracolimus XL, Meprednisone, Sirolimus, Thymoglobuline, Valganciclovir, Ganciclovir, Basiliximab and Belatacept; Oral sirolimus and eye drops for pre and post corneal transplant treatment. Conclusions: From the creation of the PNSPT, the INCUCAI increased the coverage and the annual investment for transplant patients with exclusive public coverage and for the beneficiaries belonging to the other coverage under the program. The expansion of the vademecum allowed patients under the program in all regions of the country to have full coverage of induction and immunosuppression drugs. Taking into account that the medication favors the patient´s adherence to the treatment, it is probable that the correct execution of the program benefits the patient, increasing the survival of the graft and the patient.