Financial Security System Research Articles

Systemic problems and ways of Ukraine financial security in the conditions of hybrid warfare

The purpose of this paper is to identify the problems and ways of providing Ukraine financial security in a hybrid war. The subject of the study is the system of financial security of Ukraine. Research methods. The paper uses a set of scientific methods, including systematic, structural, comparative, factorial, and others which allowed to realize the conceptual unity of the research. Research results. The article deals with systemic problems and ways of ensuring the financial security of Ukraine in the conditions of hybrid warfare, clarifies the concept of "financial security", an analysis of the peculiarities of the factors of providing and assessing the financial security of Ukraine at the present stage of development of the state. It has been determined that financial security is one of the key elements of economic security, the state of finance in the state depends on the state of the economy of the country, and simultaneously, the economic well-being of the country depends to a large extent on the level of ensuring the financial security of each individual citizen, as well as of the society state in the whole. Conclusions. Financial security is the protection of financial interests of business entities at all levels of financial relations, financial coverage of households, enterprises, organizations and institutions, regions, industries, sectors of the economy, government, sufficient to meet their needs and to fulfill obligations. In public administration practice there are often problems in assessing and analyzing individual components of national security or making decisions on one of the areas of ensuring financial security, when data on changes in other components of security are not available. Ensuring the financial security of the country requires the cessation of capital flight practice being one of the most powerful internal threats to the financial security of the country as a whole. The rise of external public debt and the excessive openness of the economy are the factors contributing to financial security risks.

FINANCIAL INCLUSION AS AN INDICATOR OF MANAGEMENT OF BANK COMPONENT OF THE STATE FINANCIAL SECURITY

It is established that financial inclusion is an instrument that is capable of transforming savings into investment and, therefore, it can be an effective tool for raising the level of financial sovereignty of the state and stabilizing its financial security. The necessity of updating methodological approaches to assessing the financial security at the macro level was substantiated by supplementing the list of indicators of the state of the banking component of the financial security system of Ukraine by the indicator of financial inclusiveness in the banking sector. The definition of financial inclusion in the sphere of banking services and of management of bank security is offered. It is found out that World Bank analytical materials are currently the only relevant source of information about the level of financial inclusion in different countries of the world, and in national economies internal experts do not assess the level of financial inclusion. Taking into account this circumstance, it is suggested, using the information of domestic statistics, to formulate judgments on the state of financial inclusion in the sphere of banking services by indicators that characterize the level of use different types of banking operations by population and business structures. An analysis was made and a critical comment on the financial inclusion of Ukrainians to the banking services segment as of the beginning of 2018 was provided. It has been established that in Ukraine the level of financial inclusion in the last few years is lower than the value that is inherent for its global indicator. Assumptions regarding availability of reserves in the financial system of Ukraine for the growth of the level of financial inclusion in the future are made. Based on a retrospective analysis of financial results and key performance indicators of banks in Ukraine, the need to take measures to increase the level of financial inclusiveness of the population and business entities based on the growth of their interest in the use of banking products and services has been substantiated. The possibilities of using the indicator of financial inclusion level as an indicator of the state of the banking component of the state financial security management are revealed.

A Novel Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Hybrid Chaotic Mapping and Intelligent Learning in Financial Security System

With the expansion and prevalence of financial certification, problems of financial security have been springing up. How to ensure the security of financial information and protect our privacy is an issue of particular concern. In order to reduce the influence of chaotic periodicity on cipher-text, an image dynamic encryption algorithm based on hybrid chaotic system and deep network is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the hybrid chaotic system is constructed to combine many mapping functions by using the nonlinear combination mechanism, and the chaotic sequence is outputted to generate the initial value of hybrid chaotic system by using the pixel value. Then the plain-text pixel values are adopted to generate the initial value of the hybrid system for improving the anti-plain attack ability of the algorithm; Artificial neural network is used to process chaotic sequences, and effectively eliminate chaotic periodicity; The classification and encryption of permutation image are realized by constructing quantization method and hetero-diffusion technology. The experimental results show that our proposed encryption technology has higher security and stronger ability to resist plain-text attack compared with the existing image encryption algorithms, which adapts to enhance the security of the financial system.

Financial and economic security system strategic management as an independent direction of management

The scientific views of domestic researchers regarding the definition of financial and economic security using the basics of the systematic approach are generalized. The author's vision on the definition of financial and economic security system is proposed. The main shortcomings of existing approaches to the process of formation of financial and economic security system as an object of management are revealed and systematized. The main defects and miscalculations in security management both – at the micro and macro levels are identified. The 16-component model of management of financial and economic security (PROM) was proposed. The conceptual foundations of security oriented strategic management are specified. Three strategies offered for achieving economic and financial security: Strategy for achieving financial and economic security on the basis of branding, image and reputation (BIR strategy), Strategy for achieving financial and economic security through partnerships with stakeholders and ensuring their interests (Strategy of PIS), Strategy for achieving the state of financial and economic security through the interconnection of experts, control and standardization (Strategy of ECS).

ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ДОСВІД ПУБЛІЧНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА НА ПРИКЛАДІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЕКТІВ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ДОРОЖНЬОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ

The article analyzed the dynamics and structure of sectoral PPP implementation in European countries, systematized existing experience in PPP road projects implementing. The expediency of relevant experience implementation in Ukraine of such countries as the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany, Turkey and France is substantiated. The largest share of private investments on the basis of PPP in Europe were involved in the transport infrastructure sector. Currently the UK is the worldwide leader in the implementation of PPP. The particularities of PPP implementation in France is summarized, which are the following: mainly the form of concessions application in the field of infrastructure, the maintenance of a balance between large state projects and small state - local authorities, mainly the use of bank financing. Two PPP models of road infrastructure projects implementation in Germany is analyzed. The special attention is given to the PPP road projects implementation in Spain, Italy and Turkey. The separate PPP projects in road sector of these countries that give sufficiently clear guidance for the development of "best" business practices in Ukraine are considered. On the base of the European experience systematization and generalization the key conditions for the success in the PPP road projects implementation are determined. The benefits that create opportunities for activating PPP activities in Ukraine in accordance with the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU are highlighted. Key conditions for the success of road PPP projects realization are developed. The European experience of the PPP adaption in Ukraine in the system of PPP financial and economic security is justified. An analysis of the provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU revealed that the key direction in which the European experience in implementing the PPP should be adapted is the creation of an effective system of financial and economic security of the PPP. Keywords: European experience, road sector, public-private partnership, transport infrastructure.

ПОНЯТТЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ЯК НАУКОВОЇ ТА УПРАВЛІНСЬКОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ У ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗКУ З ДЕФІНІЦІЯМИ ВИКЛИКУ, НЕБЕЗПЕКИ, ЗАГРОЗИ І РИЗИКУ

Introduction . The article defines the conceptual features and characteristic semantic features of the terms and risk. The list of popular and suitable approaches for defining the essence of the concept of financial security as a scientific and management category, and their advantages and disadvantages, have been established. The concept of financial security as a scientific and management category in relation to the definitions of challenge, danger, threat and risk is explored . One such interest in times of economic instability and the presence of destructive processes in the financial systems of even economically advanced nations, triggered by financial threats and risks, is to ensure financial security at the macro level. The lack of a unified universal approach to the definition of the concept of financial security, which is an important component of economic security, the lack of formation of thesaurus of security studies for the processes of formation, operation and management of the financial security system of subjects of the national economy and the state as a whole actualize the scientific task of developing a methodology for managing financial and macroeconomic security strategic levels and the applied task of applying its provisions in the practical plane. Purpose . The purpose of the article is to provide suggestions for specifying the substantive features of the concept of financial security. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to perform such tasks as: to establish conceptual features and characteristic semantic features of the terms and risk, to establish the essence, advantages and disadvantages of popular approaches to defining the essence of financial security as scientific and management category. Methods. The method of theoretical analysis, the method of generalization, comparison is used. Results. From the managerial position of the manager, the risk always exists and has an uncertain outcome for the security state; a challenge is a risk that has not been taken by management and preventive action; danger is a phenomenon with probable negative consequence, and threat is a consequence of unsuccessful risk management. Features of such popular approaches to the definition of financial security as classical (traditional), systemic, stakeholder-oriented, resource, multilevel (structural), risk-oriented (threat-oriented), complex, mixed are described. Originality. Financial security is not only an activity for managing risks (in particular, financial) and protecting the financial interests of the enterprise from external and internal threats, but also the ability of the enterprise to effectively carry out its economic, first and foremost, financial, activities. Financial security is not only a balanced state of finances, a sufficient level of liquidity of assets and availability of necessary financial reserves, but also resistance to negative influences of the internal and external environment and the ability of the enterprise to independently develop and implement a strategy for conducting its own financial activity in the future. Conclusion. Studying the problems of providing financial security at the micro and macro level has led to the conclusion that there is a lack of common understanding of the concept of financial security of the national economy, the lack of thesaurus of security studies to form a financial security system, its functioning and management in the process of activity of the subjects of the national economy.

CONCEPTION OF MODELING THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING FINANCIAL ECONOMIC SECURITY

Urgency of the research. Functioning of the mechanism of ensuring financial economic security within the system of strategic management of a business entity is based on the use of information and analytical support along with economic mathematical modeling. Target setting. Economic mathematical modeling has a significant cognitive potential to describe the laws and patterns of the studied systems functioning. Its use leads to the formation of the main tasks for ensuring the financial economic security system and the creation of the concept of modeling such a system as a theoretical foundation to shape a model basis of its description. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The issues of the managerial mechanisms for the financial economic security formation and the modeling tools use are highlighted in the scientific publications by O. Zyhriy, T. Vasyltsiv, L. Menggang, D. Nanto, J. Jürjens, O. Illiashenko, V. Heiets, and many others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The issue of creating a holistic system of scientific and theoretical positions regarding the use of means of economic mathematical modeling is not sufficiently studied now. The research objective of this article is to identify the main tasks of modeling the composing parts of the financial economic security system and to shape conceptual provisions aimed at designing the appropriate modeling toolkit. The statement of basic materials. A description of the conceptual provisions regarding the modeling of the system of financial economic security in the context of the solution of the main tasks is presented. Conclusions. The presented conception allows identifying the structure of the model basis as a part of the mechanism of ensuring financial economic security. This contributes to the selection of models for solving the issues of forming managerial decisions to provide the required level of security.

FINANCIAL SECURITY OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN UKRAINE: CONTENT, COMPONENTS, THREATS

Introduction. The process of fiscal decentralization contributes to the transformation of territorial communities and local authorities into full-fledged members of the system of financial inter-connections. Territorial communities have individual financial interests. The need to protect them is at the heart of creating a safe environment for the functioning of territorial communities. However, financial security of territorial communities as separate economic units is not given enough attention to Ukraine. Instead, a more general notion is explored which isfinancial security of the regions. Purpose– theoretical substantiation of author's view on the content and structural components of the financial security of territorial communities, its place in the system of financial security of territories and the state as well as systematization of main threats to the financial security of communities in the context of implementing the budget decentralization policy. Results. The definition of financial security of territorial communities is substantiated. It is based on the protection of the financial interests of territorial communities. The features of financial interests of territorial communities are derived. Components of financial security of territorial communities are characterized. These include budget, tax, debt and investment security. The main threats to the financial security of territorial communities are analyzed and systematized. They are a result of imperfect institutional environment for local self-governments and the integration of territorial communities as subjects of a single (national) economic system. Furthermore, the threats are connected to the peculiarities of the territorial economy, communal infrastructure, the level of public consciousness and financial responsibility of heads of local self-overnment bodies. Conclusions.The financial security of territorial communities should be investigated as a part of the financial security of regions. Achieving a desirable state in practice requires synergy with the financial security of households and business entities located on the territory concerned. It is also necessary to seek coordination of financial interests of various territorial ommunities and the state as a whole.Local governments and central authorities are responsible for creating a safe financial environment for the functioning of territorial communities during budget decentralization. It is necessary to improve the mechanism of inter-territorial redistribution of financial resources.The list of potential threats to the financial security of territorial communities should be identified in the process of strategic development of territories and the use the SWOT-analysis for this purpose.

ФІНАНСОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРА У КОНТЕКСТІ ПРОСТОРОВОГО РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОНОМІКИмм

The questions that determine the theoretical and empirical aspects of the scientific study of financial support for the agricultural sector have been raised. The necessity to modernize the system of financial security in the conditions of spatial development of the economy has been stated and the vitality of systematic reform of state regulation of the national financial market has been argued. It has been revealed that the regulation of the rights for individuals and legal entites to acquire land for private ownership, registration of land ownership and land use should be revised and filled with new context. The methodology of the study is based on the dialectical, systemic and institutional approach according to which the agricultural sector and the sufficiency of financial support are considered inseparable and causation. The basic theoretical and methodological approaches to justification and clarifying of the essence of financial security in ensuring the spatial development of the economy have been systematized; modern approaches to the financial market’s state regulation have been disclosed in order to prevent price manipulation and speculative transactions with securities and other financial instruments; institutional foundations are defined and modern trends of development of the corporate sector are characterized in the conditions of expansion of dispositiveness and digitalization of the companies. The outlined principles of ensuring internal financial stability assessment procedures will facilitate the entry of agricultural enterprises into the financial market in order to attract or allocate free capital. The development of a financial security system requires improving the productivity of the banking system, the introduction of FinTech, the development of payment infrastructure in accordance with the EU PSDII Directive, the implementation of ISO standards and the guarantee of cybersecurity for market participants. The improvment of the quality of financial services provided by financial institutions through the use of a neural network capable of modeling the ability of human thinking to solve recognition problems with specific precedents are important priorities for the modernization of the agricultural sector's financial security.

COMMUNICATIVE PARADIGM IN THE RESEARCH OF JOINT STOCK COMPANIES FINANCIAL SECURITY

Introduction. The development of the information society requires the application of the bases of the communicative approach in the process of researching the financial security of joint stock companies. This is due to the high level of sensitivity of corporate structures to the quality, completeness and timeliness of financial information and, as a consequence, can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of financial and economic activity of joint stock companies and the level of their financial security. The purposeof the article is to outline the place of the communicative paradigm in the scientific knowledge of the financial security of joint stock companies, to identify its main characteristics. On this basis, there is a need for structuring financial communications of the financial security system of joint stock companies. Results. The results of the study allowed to establish such basic essential characteristics of the communicative paradigm in the study of financial security of joint stock companies, such as multisubjectivity, multilevelness, intersubjectivity, equality of control subjects, flexibility and dynamism of the structure of the subject of management. It is established that in the structure of financial communications of the financial security system of joint stock companies are allocated intangible, basic and derivative. The author's approach to understanding the methodology of scientific knowledge of financial security of joint stock companies as an interconnection of financial resources of corporate structures and the formation of relevant financial information with the aim of regulating the interests and intentions of all stakeholders is proposed. Conclusions. Construction of the methodology of scientific knowledge of financial safety of joint stock companies on the basis of the above mentioned methodological approaches can contribute to the formation of a real assessment of the latest trends in the formation of financial security of joint stock companies, the identification of weaknesses and the risks of their mplementation in the context of existing macroeconomic and microeconomic threats, as well as substantiation of effective directions for increasing financial security. We believe that the application of such scientific approaches to the study of financial security of joint stock companies will also enhance the quality of the use of mathematical tools in financial science, a more detailed study of the basic models of the functioning of the finances of joint stock companies, the accumulation of empirical data.

ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ФІНАНСОВОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В УКРАЇНІ

ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ФІНАНСОВОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В УКРАЇНІ

Osiguranje depozita i utjecaj na financijski sustav

Važnost stabilnosti financijskog sustava najbolje je pokazala nedavna globalna financijska kriza. Slom financijskih tržišta i poremećaji u radu institucija ozbiljno su zaprijetili financijskim sustavima širom svijeta i doveli u pitanje njihovu ulogu u posredovanju pri razmjeni viškova kapitala i njihova usmjeravanja prema deficitarnim subjektima. Mnoge financijske institucije našle su se na rubu propasti, a države širom svijeta pokrenule su ekspanzivne mjere i uložile golema sredstva u spašavanje svojih tržišta. Kako financijske i bankarske krize uvijek uzrokuju fiskalne presije, važnost nadogradnje financijskog sustava preventivnim mjerama koje će očuvati povjerenje javnosti u njegovu sigurnost i zaštititi gospodarstvo od velikih gubitaka u interesu je vlada širom svijeta. Cilj ovih mjera, koje se nazivaju sigurnosne mreže financijskog sustava, je stvoriti kontrolirane uvjete za slabije informirane sudionike tržišta i zaštititi ih od gubitka. Sustavi osiguranja depozita prepoznati su kao jedan od ključnih elemenata preventivnih sigurnosnih mreža financijskog sustava. Najvažniji cilj organiziranog sustava osiguranja depozita je zaštita sredstava tzv. malih štediša odnosno potrošača koji nisu u mogućnosti samostalno procijeniti rizik institucije u koju polažu svoje viškove sredstava. Cilj ovoga rada je obrazložiti ulogu organiziranog sustava osiguranja depozita s posebnim osvrtom na sustav u Republici Hrvatskoj.

A sistemática brasileira de segurança da atividade financeira no ciberespaço e a atual (in)aplicabilidade às initial coin offerings (ICOs) e aos seus ativos virtuais

Novas tecnologias no âmbito da economia digital, tais como a initial coin offering (ICO) e os seus ativos virtuais, os tokens e as criptomoedas, quando associadas a softwares que proporcionam anonimato em torno de suas transações, potencializam os riscos de criminalidade virtual, lavagem de dinheiro, financiamento ao terrorismo e até mesmo ciberataques ao sistema financeiro estatal. Tais riscos cibernéticos têm demandado dos governos o desenvolvimento de sistemas de segurança da atividade financeira no ciberespaço, envolvendo mecanismos de ciberdefesa, órgãos de fiscalização, bem como aparatos normativos para regular, prevenir e reprimir ciberataques. Tendo em vista esse panorama, esta pesquisa visou descrever a sistemática brasileira de segurança da atividade financeira no ciberespaço, analisando-a frente ao fenômeno da initial coin offering (ICO) e seus ativos virtuais, chegando-se à conclusão de que o atual sistema é inaplicável a tal fenômeno.

East Asia–Regional or Global Financial Integration?

The article considers the main directions of further financial integration of East Asian countries, developing deep and stable connections within the framework of global and regional economy. Currently, among the investment flows that lay ground for financial integration with other regions, the leading place is taken by funds from and to the countries of North America and Western Europe. At the same time, the growth in intraregional investment, especially in terms of assets, significantly exceeds growth from the group of developed countries, the share of participation of the latter in interregional relations is gradually decreasing. Through the development of regional integration at various levels of economic interaction, Asian countries are seeking ways to reduce vulnerability and contagion from the processes of financial globalization. While the trends in regional financial integration have certain advantages, they also involve some risks. On the one hand, the Asian region can benefit from greater financial diversification and reduce the concentration and dependence from western economies. On the other hand, this process can bring imported volatility from other countries of the region and reduce the regulatory counteraction from various types of shocks that arise in the economies of these countries and beyond. The intensity of further convergence of the financial markets and institutional arrangements of Asian countries will be largely determined by the scenarios of development of the world economy, as its slowdown and, consequently, decrease of activity in the global capital market clearly leads to strengthening of regional integration processes. The expansion of intraregional cross-border financial transactions requires a significant expansion of the regulatory framework for cooperation, the conclusion of two-and multilateral banking and investment agreements, as they directly determine the process of capital flows liberalization. As regional financial cooperation in Asia has not yet developed as in Western Europe and North America, it is important to pay attention to such essential elements as economic and financial supervision, normative harmonization of banking and securities market, strengthening of regional financial security system and maintenance of development of various segment of financial market, first of all bonds in local currency. In the process of work the basic methods of economic analysis were applied, namely basic system and statistical methods. The use of the system approach allowed to consider the movement of capital flows from an to Asia over a long period of time, the evolution of financial integration models. Calculations and comparisons, the construction of tables was carried out on the basis of statistical methods, which are applied for the study of currency and credit relations. The information base of the studies was based on reports and statistics of the World Bank (IBRD), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Asian Development Bank, as well as analytical materials of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of RAS.

FINANCIAL ARCHITECTURE AS THE BASE OF THE FINANCIAL SAFETY OF THE ENTERPRISE

In today’s economic realities, achieving the necessary level of financial security of enterprises is a prerequisite for ensuring their sustainable operation and the formation of competitive development parameters in the internal and external market environment. The effectiveness of this process depends on building a high-quality financial architecture as the basic structural element of the company’s financial security system. In this regard, the subject of the study is an analysis of existing theoretical approaches to the definition of financial architecture and its relationship with the financial security of the enterprise. The methodological basis of the research is the scientific development of domestic and foreign scientists, the fundamental theoretical positions of economic science in the field of financial architecture formation, financial risk management, and financial security of the enterprise. The purpose of the article is to study the essence of financial architecture in order to substantiate its determining influence on the financial security of the enterprise and ensure its sustainable functioning in an unstable development of economic processes. The article analyses the theoretical aspects of financial architecture and finds that the interpretation of this economic category is due to the existence of clear causal relationships between its constituent elements and their impact on the financial support. Proceeding from this, the definition of financial architecture is drawn as a set of interconnected structural elements such as capital structure, ownership structure and quality of corporate governance, which accumulate and mobilize financial resources, increase control over the activity of the enterprise, solve conflicts of interest between owners and other stakeholders. It is determined that the choice of principles and methods for constructing financial architecture depends on such financial interests of economic entities as forming a flexible financial potential, optimizing the structure of capital, increasing investment attractiveness, maximizing profits, and increasing the market value of the enterprise. It is proved that the result of building a flexible financial architecture is to provide the appropriate level of financial security of an enterprise by identifying, quantifying, neutralizing, minimizing, and monitoring its financial risks. It is proposed to systematize indicators of financial security level assessment on the most typical of its functional components, among which investment, credit, emission, innovation, and currency can be distinguished. It has been established that ensuring the appropriate level of financial security will contribute to achieving financial sustainability, forming qualitative financial potential, providing competitive advantages, harmonizing interests of economic entities, and creating an effective system of economic security of the enterprise. It is concluded that the construction of high-quality financial architecture is the basis of financial security of an enterprise, the level of which depends on the proper management of financial risks and ensuring an adequate level of safety of all its functional components. As a criterion for the effectiveness of the process of ensuring the financial security of the company, sustainable development of the enterprise was determined in the conditions of an unstable economic environment.

SWOT Analysis as an Effective Tool for Identification of the Strengths and Weaknesses of the State's Financial Security System

Subject/theme. SWOT analysis of the financial security of modern Russia is carried out herein to identify the prospects for the improvement of the financial security at the macrolevel.Purpose/objectives. The purpose of the article is to analyze the financial security of the state through the example of Russia. To achieve the purpose hereof, it is required to solve the following tasks:To provide the SWOT analysis matrix of the financial security of the Russian Federation.To determine the influence of the strengths on the opportunities and threats to the financial security of the Russian Federation.To determine the influence of the weaknesses on the opportunities and threats to the financial security of the Russian Federation.To quantify the elements of SWOT analysis.To identify the current threats to the financial security of the Russian Federation.To propose the measures to reduce the threats and to improve the level of financial security of the Russian Federation.Methods. The most common and high-quality strategic planning instrument – the SWOT analysis method – is used herein.Results.The imposition of anti-Russian sanctions made it possible to identify the problematic areas of the state, which are a threat to the financial security of the Russian Federation.The following can be identified as the current threats to the financial security of the Russian Federation: the outflow of domestic capital abroad and offshore; the quantitative restriction of money supply when issuing rubles for the growth of foreign exchange reserves; a high level of external public debt; high tax burden on business; weak investment activity and a slowdown in the rate of foreign investment; the instability of the banking system.Despite the considerable pressure from foreign countries, the Russian Federation is taking measures to neutralize the external threats to national security, reducing the possibility of external influence on its international position.Conclusion/relevance.SWOT analysis of the financial security of the state shows that the strengths prevail in the Russian Federation, but there are many weaknesses and external threats. In the aggregate, the field of strengths and opportunities prevails over the field of weaknesses and threats. Consequently, the Russian Federation has the prospects for development, but for further development the strength should be used to neutralize the threats.

A Novel Face Liveness Detection Algorithm with Multiple Liveness Indicators

Face recognition is a most widely used and rapidly growing biometric technology. Lot of research has been done in this field, due to its significant applications in various sectors and their influence in our daily life such as securing financial transactions, information security, personal identification and surveillance systems. But face recognition systems are permeable to spoofing attack. The problem of spoofing can be minimized by detecting face liveness which is the main area of concern. Most researchers utilized only eyeblink as liveness indicator to detect face liveness. A novel face liveness detection algorithm with multiple liveness indicators has been proposed in this paper. Eyeblink sequence, lip movement and chin movement are the multiple liveness indicators that have been considered for reliable face liveness detection. Experimental results show that, the proposed method in conjunction with multiple liveness indicators significantly improves the security of face recognition system. The proposed method achieves higher liveness detection rate by detecting photo attack, eye-mouth photo imposter attack and video attack.

THE PROCESS OF FORECASTING BANKRUPTCY AND RAIDING AS A TOOL OF PUBLIC MONITORING FINANCIAL SECURITY STATE OF UKRAINE

У статті розглянуто такий вид загроз економічній безпеці суб’єктів господарської діяльності у системі фінансової безпеки держави, як рейдерство. Уточнено сутність понять «рейдерство» та «протидія рейдерству». Проведено дослідження методології протистояння недружнім поглинанням. Проаналізовані передумови рейдерських атак на підприємства. Розроблено методику прогнозування банкрутства як загрози економічній безпеці підприємств, використання якої як інструменту державного моніторингу дозволить попередити негативні наслідки рейдерських захоплень для стану фінансової безпеки України.

ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES OF ZAPORIZHZHIA REGION WITH THE HELP OF INTEGRAL-RATING METHOD

In the deepening of the financial crisis, enterprises are trying to implement an effective anti-crisis policy. The financial system as a source of accumulation of modern crisis phenomena, which are spreading further to all spheres of the economy, generally require the formation of new instruments to ensure their financial and economic security. The constant increase in the riskiness of economic activity may entail a significant decrease in the level of financial stability and solvency of the enterprise, and in the future lead to bankruptcy, and requires each business entity to create a perfect system of financial and economic security. To assess the financial security situation at specific enterprises, not all financial and economic indicators that are used can be applied, but only those that most closely meet the requirements and most reflect the results of financial and economic activity, and, if possible, do not contradict each other. The modern business environment highlights the issues of ensuring financial and economic security. Proper assessment of it, as well as diagnostics of the financial condition of enterprises is a priority task for ensuring sustainable development and operation of the enterprise. Market conditions require enterprises to improve production efficiency, competitiveness of products and services based on the implementation of scientific and technological progress, effective forms of management and enterprise management, enterprise activation and so on. So, the role of diagnostics of a financial condition is great enough. Diagnostics of the financial security of an enterprise is an analytical assessment of all the functional components of safety from the standpoint of achieving the highest possible level of protection against internal and external threats, aimed at making effective management decisions and developing a financial security strategy. With the help of diagnostics of the company's financial security, the article will assess the level of financial security of machine-building enterprises in the Zaporizhzia region using the integrated-rating method.

ФІНАНСОВА БЕЗПЕКА ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ

The features of the theoretical and methodological aspects of the financial security of enterprises are considered in the paper. Modern theories, concepts and hypotheses of enterprise management are the theoretical and methodological basis of the paper. Comparative analysis is used. Scientific works, materials of periodicals, information resources of the Internet are the methodological and informational basis of the paper. It has been proven that the financial security of enterprises ensures a high level of financial security of the national economy. Content analysis of Ukrainian scientific publications on the subject for 2017-2021 was carried out. The main features of the definition of "enterprise financial security” were identified: provide balance and stable financial position; contribute to the efficient enterprise operation; allow to identify problem areas of an enterprise in the early stages; neutralize crisis and prevent bankruptcy. The key elements of the stability of the enterprise financial security system were identified. It is stated that the financial security system of specific enterprises provides a differentiated level of quantitative and qualitative parameters for protection of their financial interests, which are adequate for their financial philosophy. A system for ensuring the financial security of an enterprise was built on the basis of a hierarchical system of three levels: financial methods, financial tools, financial leverage. Internal and external threats to the financial security of enterprises were analyzed. A classification of threats to the financial security of enterprises was created in accordance with six groups of features: forms of manifestation; areas of origin; environment; ability to implement; type of object of attack; size of expected losses. It has been proven that financial risk management (risk management system) is part of a company financial security system. There are three components of financial risk management: high quality risk analysis, quantitative assessment of quantitative risks and development of risk situations. Prospects for further studies in this subject area are to substantiate methods and indicators of assessment, factors that affect financial security and levels of financial security for assessment of the state of financial security of enterprises.