System For Commercial Vehicles Research Articles

A Driver Health Monitoring-based Accident Prevention System for Commercial Vehicles in India

In the growing nation, road transportation is crucial. Accident rates will rise in tandem with an increase in road traffic. There are several categories in which accidents might arise. Among these reasons, one significant cause—the accident resulting from a heart attack—is chosen here. The majority of the time, it is seen that drivers who experience heart attacks abruptly lose control of their vehicles, which leads to accidents. The suggested system aims to address this problem by identifying heart attack symptoms early and automatically slowing down the vehicle. It also applies a gentle hand brake to bring the car to a stop, and it uses GSM services to send a GPS-coordinated message to the relevant department, such as the health department. The goal of the suggested approach is to raise the survival rate.

Self-tuning neural network generalized predictive control and energy consumption optimization for electro-hydraulic composite steering system of commercial vehicle

Self-tuning neural network generalized predictive control and energy consumption optimization for electro-hydraulic composite steering system of commercial vehicle

A Study on the Design of Hydraulic Auxiliary Braking System for Commercial Vehicles

A Study on the Design of Hydraulic Auxiliary Braking System for Commercial Vehicles

Rotating Dip System for Commercial Vehicles

Rotating Dip System for Commercial Vehicles

Designing Audible Safety with Acoustic Vehicle Alerting System for Commercial Vehicles

Abstract: Electric and hybrid vehicles, known for their environmental benefits, also present a unique challenge because of their quiet operation. In urban settings, this lack of noise increases the potential for accidents with pedestrians who rely heavily on auditory cues. In response to this concern, Acoustic Vehicle Alerting Systems (AVAS) have been introduced and many countries, including the US and EU, have mandated the installation of Acoustic Vehicle Alerting Systems. These systems produce sounds to alert pedestrians of an approaching vehicle by increasing the audibility of electric and hybrid vehicles to ensure pedestrian safety [1]. In this paper, we dive deep into designing an effective AVAS for commercial vehicles, such as trucks and buses. Any AVAS must conform the international regulations such as the ECE-R138 regulation by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and FMVSS 141 by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), so our design adheres to guidelines set by key global bodies. This endeavour was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye. Our AVAS not only offers a variety of sound options but also includes self-diagnostic features to ensure its consistent performance. An integral part of our study was the utilization of an ASIL-B functional safety-compliant embedded MCU system to generate and manipulate psychoacoustic sounds. The regulations regarding the acoustic characteristics of AVAS sounds, such as minimum sound level, frequency spectrum, and frequency shift, have been instrumental in improving awareness of the AVAS sounds of quiet vehicles[2]. The ultimate aim is to showcase a versatile, compliant, and efficient AVAS, beneficial for the future landscape of electric and hybrid commercial vehicles

Highly Redundant Safety Scheme and Its Experimental Validation for the Electronic-Controlled Pneumatic Braking System of Commercial Vehicle for Autonomous Driving

Highly Redundant Safety Scheme and Its Experimental Validation for the Electronic-Controlled Pneumatic Braking System of Commercial Vehicle for Autonomous Driving

A novel dual power-driven electric power steering system for electric commercial vehicles

To solve the power limitation problem faced by the development of EPS system for commercial vehicles and achieve the high-performance steering, this article presents a novel dual power-driven electric power steering system (DPEPS) for commercial vehicles by using the open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor (OPMSM) fed by dual inverter with high and low DC voltage supplies. First, the two-level control strategy is introduced for the developed DPEPS system, where the upper control is designed to make the actual steering follow the expected steering performance as determined by the assistant torque curve and to generate the appropriate target current according to the vehicle speed and steering torque. And then the lower control consists of the synthetical space vector control scheme and dual PI control loop is used to execute commands from the upper control, which can make the motor execute the appropriate power supply method according to the steering torque and assist current. Finally, a co-simulation model is carried out for an electric bus, and based on which the proposed DPEPS system is validated.

Event-triggered H∞ control of semi-active quasi-zero stiffness air suspension system for commercial vehicles

In this paper, an event-triggered [Formula: see text] control strategy is proposed for a novel quasi-zero stiffness semi-active air suspension (QZS-AS) system. The QZS-AS system consists of a quasi-zero isolator and magnetorheological dampers. The quasi-zero stiffness structure is composed of an air spring and a pneumatic actuator-cylinder. Compared with normal air suspension system, QZS-AS can achieve much lower natural frequency and better vibration isolation performance. In order to further enhance the vibration isolation performance of the QZS-AS system, semi-active robust control for nonlinear QZS-AS system is performed by adjusting the current of the magnetorheological damper. An event-triggered damping controller is introduced in the QZS-AS system to save the communication resources. Model-in-the-loop test and hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) test are conducted to verify the performance of proposed strategy. It is demonstrated that the event-triggered [Formula: see text] control is able to provide a similar performance as traditional time-triggered [Formula: see text] control while saving about 50% of the communication resources.

Synchronous and fault-tolerance control for dual-motor steer-by-wire system of commercial vehicle

In order to meet the high safety requirement of high-level automatic steering mechanism for commercial vehicle, a kind of steer-by-wire (SBW) system with redundant motors is studied in this paper, and the structure principle and control strategy of the system are studied. Commercial vehicles have the characteristics of large steering resistance moment, which is accompanied by impact and vibration during steering, so the synchronous control of dual motors is the key and difficult problem. Based on the circulating ball steering gear for commercial vehicle, dual-motor synchronous control architecture is designed and the dual-motor global-fast-terminal-sliding-mode (nonsingular-GFTSM) synchronous control is formulated. Compared with the sliding-mode control, the simulation results show that the dual-motor actuator based on nonsingular-GFTSM can better realize the synchronous operation in angle, speed and torque. In addition, a real-time motor fault-diagnosis method based on sliding mode observer and a fault-tolerant control strategy based on smooth switching system are designed, which can achieve fast fault-isolation and smooth torque switching in case of actuator failure in dual-motor system. A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test bench is built to further verify the effectiveness of the synchronous and fault-tolerance control strategy for dual motors.

Semi-active Control of Quasi-zero Stiffness Air Suspension System for Commercial Vehicles Based on H∞ State Feedback

Semi-active Control of Quasi-zero Stiffness Air Suspension System for Commercial Vehicles Based on H∞ State Feedback

Passenger Destination System for Commercial Vehicles

Public vehicles are predominantly the commonest and most widely used means of transport for humans in this current time. However, passengers who often commute with public vehicles mostly encounter the challenge of missing their destination primarily due to difficulties in communicating their destination to the driver, sleeping in the case of long-distance travel or the inability to recognize their destinations, and many more. In this paper, a fully functional and cost-effective passenger destination alert system for commercial vehicles (PDSCV) was developed. This designed passenger destination alert system provides solutions to the problems and as well meets the needs of some target groups such as the physically challenged. To solve these challenges, a GPS-based location module interfaced with a microcontroller unit was employed in the hardware prototype design. Destination stations were displayed and announced via an LCD and audio system respectively to generally alert all passengers on board the vehicle. The prototype also includes alert buttons beside every seat which were to be used by passengers in emergencies and to alert the driver to skip a particular terminal provided the bus is fully occupied and no passenger intends to alight. In addition to the hardware prototype, a software application was developed to provide further information to first-time travellers. The test and results from the entire system indicate a bridge in the communication gap between the driver and the passengers of commercial vehicles.

Analysis of a Measurement Method and Test System for Pressure Change Rates in Commercial Vehicle Brake Chambers.

The pressure change rate (PCR) of the brake chamber is the key control parameter and evaluation index in the pneumatic braking system for intelligent braking. The PCR threshold value of commercial vehicle brake chambers for braking comfort is analyzed. The PCR measurement method based on a laminar flow resistance tube is proposed, and the PCR test system is designed. The simulation model of a PCR test system for commercial vehicle brake chambers is presented. By analyzing the simulation and experimental results, it is validated that the PCR test system of commercial vehicle brake chambers has the function of measuring PCR in real time. Finally, according to the MSA (Measurement System Analysis) evaluation method, the performance of the PCR test system for commercial vehicle brake chambers is analyzed, and the correctness and applicability of the test system are verified.

High-energy Battery Systems for Commercial Vehicles

High-energy Battery Systems for Commercial Vehicles

Research on accurate modeling and control for pneumatic electric braking system of commercial vehicle based on multi-dynamic parameters measurement

Accurate pressure control and fast dynamic response are vital to the pneumatic electric braking system (PEBS) for those commercial vehicles that require higher regulation precision of braking force on four wheels when braking force distribution is carried out under some conditions. Due to the lagging information acquisition, most feedback-based control algorithms are difficult to further improve the dynamic response of PEBS. Meanwhile, feedforward-based control algorithms like predictive control perform well in improving dynamic performance but because of the large amount of computation and complexity of this kind of control algorithm, it cannot be applied in real-time on the single-chip microcomputer, and it is still in the stage of theoretical research at present. To address this issue and for the sake of engineering reliability, this article presents a logic threshold control scheme combining analogous model predictive control (AMPC) and proportional control. In addition, an experimental device for real-time measuring PEBS multi-dynamic parameters is built. After correcting the key parameters, the precise model is determined and the influence of switching solenoid valve on its dynamic response characteristics is studied. For the control scheme, numerical and physical validation is executed to demonstrate the feasibility of the strategy and for the performance of the controller design. The experimental results show that the dynamic model of PEBS can accurately reflect its pressure characteristics. Furthermore, under different air source pressures, the designed controller can stably control the pressure output of PEBS and ensure that the error is within 0.08 bar. Compared with the traditional control algorithm, the rapidity is improved by 32.5%.

Development of a Compound Power-split Hybrid Power System for Commercial Vehicles

Development of a Compound Power-split Hybrid Power System for Commercial Vehicles

LMI-Based H∞ Controller of Vehicle Roll Stability Control Systems with Input and Output Delays.

Many of the current research works are focused on the development of different control systems for commercial vehicles in order to reduce the incidence of risky driving situations, while also improving stability and comfort. Some works are focused on developing low-cost embedded systems with enough accuracy, reliability, and processing time. Previous research works have analyzed the integration of low-cost sensors in vehicles. These works demonstrated the feasibility of using these systems, although they indicate that this type of low-cost kit could present relevant delays and noise that must be compensated to improve the performance of the device. For this purpose, it is necessary design controllers for systems with input and output delays. The novelty of this work is the development of an LMI-Based H output-feedback controller that takes into account the effect of delays in the network, both on the sensor side and the actuator side, on RSC (Roll Stability Control) systems. The controller is based on an active suspension with input and output delays, where the anti-roll moment is used as a control input and the roll rate as measured data, both with delays. This controller was compared with a controller system with a no-delay consideration that was experiencing similar delays. The comparison was made through simulation tests with a validated vehicle on the TruckSim® software.

Holistic Analysis of a Mild Hybrid Waste Heat Recovery System for Commercial Vehicles

Holistic Analysis of a Mild Hybrid Waste Heat Recovery System for Commercial Vehicles

Pressure control for pneumatic electric braking system of commercial vehicle based on model predictive control

Precise braking pressure control of a pneumatic electric braking system (PEBS) poses challenging non-linear control problems, since it can operate in several distinct discrete processes (the pressure increasing, holding and decreasing) by switching the on-off solenoid valves and the piston of relay valve moves irregularly. This article describes the development and experimental validation of a viable controller for an electronically controlled braking pressure based on the theory of model predictive control (MPC). The controller design consists of two parts. The non-linear characteristic is first studied to ensure the pressure response of PEBS when the opening time is 4–10 ms in a fixed period, followed by calculation and prediction of the optimal on-off time of inlet valve and release valve based on the current braking pressure to realize steady state. A logic rule is designed to ensure that the MPC controller and feedback control work coordinate to guarantee engineering reliability. A comprehensive system model is derived to help characterize system non-linearities and design the MPC predictive model. Simulations and experimental results are presented finally to show how the MPC and feedback control strategy can be successfully applied to solve the braking pressure control of a PEBS in a systematic way.

A control strategy for efficient slip ratio regulation of a pneumatic brake system for commercial vehicles

This paper presents a control strategy for efficient slip ratio regulation of a pneumatic brake system for commercial vehicles. A model-based estimator for brake pressure estimation has been developed. The braking torque applied to the wheel has been computed using the estimated brake pressure for the control of the wheel slip both in braking and traction situations. The vehicle velocity and wheel slip ratio estimation algorithms have been designed using only wheel speed sensors. The proposed slip regulation algorithm has also been successfully implemented for the antilock braking system (ABS) and traction control system (TCS). In ABS, the slip ratio and wheel acceleration are stabilized by a limit cycle control of the braking pressure. The TCS has been implemented by combining engine torque control and pneumatic brake pressure control. The brake controller is based on the valve switched control that incorporates the wheel dynamics and valve on/off characteristics. The ABS and TCS algorithms are integrated into the slip regulation algorithm to reduce the computation load of an Electrical Control Unit (ECU). Four-wheel independent slip monitoring and slip ratio control algorithms have been implemented on the ECU, and their performance has been investigated via both computer simulations and vehicle tests. Both results show that the proposed algorithms enhance the acceleration and braking performance without vehicle acceleration information. Moreover, the proposed split-mu strategy has improved the lateral stability during braking, and the acceleration performance during accelerating on the split-mu road. It has been shown via vehicle tests that, compared to the reference commercial algorithm, the braking distance was reduced by more than 4% on the split-mu and low-mu roads, and the acceleration performance was improved by 7.9% on the split-mu road.

Study on Pressure Change Rate of the Automatic Pressure Regulating Valve in the Electronic-Controlled Pneumatic Braking System of Commercial Vehicle

In contrast to the traditional pneumatic braking system, the electronic-controlled pneumatic braking system of commercial vehicles is a new system and can remedy the defects of the conventional braking system, such as long response time and low control accuracy. Additionally, it can adapt to the needs and development of autonomous driving. As the key pressure regulating component in electronic-controlled pneumatic braking system of commercial vehicles, automatic pressure regulating valves can quickly and accurately control the braking pressure in real time through an electronic control method. By aiming at improving driving comfort on the premise of ensuring braking security, this paper took the automatic pressure regulating valve as the research object and studied the pressure change rate during the braking process. First, the characteristics of the automatic pressure regulating valve and the concept of the pressure change rate were elaborated. Then, with the volume change of automatic pressure regulating valve in consideration, the mathematical model based on gas dynamics and the association model between pressure change rate and vehicle dynamic model was established in MATLAB/Simulink and analyzed. Next, through the experimental test of a sample product, the mathematical models have been verified. Finally, the key structure parameters affecting the pressure change rate of the automatic pressure regulating valve and the influence law have been identified; therefore, appropriate design advice and theoretical support have been provided to improve driving comfort.