Access System Research Articles

Intellisearch - Intelligent Employee Data Access System

- The IntelliSearch Intelligent Employee Data Access System leverages advanced machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to modernize employee information retrieval. Designed to address inefficiencies in traditional manual methods, IntelliSearch provides secure, real-time responses to queries about roles, attendance, salaries, and performance metrics. Its modular architecture integrates with existing databases, offering robust data security through encryption and role-based access control (RBAC). By streamlining repetitive tasks and enhancing query accuracy, the system fosters organizational productivity and employee satisfaction. Future enhancements include predictive analytics, advanced performance tools, and industry-specific adaptations, paving the way for scalable, intelligent solutions in employee management Key Words: IntelliSearch, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Employee Data Management, Role-based Access Control, Data Security, Organizational Efficiency, Real-time Queries, Scalable Architecture.

Rethinking financial deepening in Islamic countries: political system and economic growth

Purpose This study aims to determine the effect of financial deepening on economic growth. It also investigates the role of the two political systems (i.e. democracy and monarchy) in supporting the effect between the two factors. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts a dynamic panel regression model, i.e. generalized method of moments to answer the hypotheses. This paper uses data from 44 Islamic countries that are members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) for the period from 2010 to 2019. Findings This paper finds that financial deepening has an inverted U-shaped effect on economic growth. This means that financial deepening will only be effective at a certain threshold, if exceeded, it weakens economic growth. This negative effect is due to several reasons, such as high inflation, money supply, unproductive credit allocation and government policies. Furthermore, the political system facilitates the effect of financial deepening on economic growth. This finding becomes more valid as it is free from the endogeneity effect using two-stage least square tests. Research limitations/implications The proxies used for economic growth and financial deepening in Islamic countries require refinement to improve their relevance and applicability. Furthermore, due to the unavailability of an easily accessible political system index, this paper is forced to use dummy variables. Practical implications The primary outcome of this research is to advocate for the establishment of effective governance within each member country of the OIC countries. Originality/value This study addresses the need to understanding how the effectiveness of the political system enhances financial deepening, thereby fostering economic growth.

Mobility Challenges and Inclusive Solutions for People with Physical Disabilities in India

This study examines the complex mobility challenges encountered by individuals with physical disabilities in India and seeks to identify inclusive solutions that can improve their accessibility and autonomy. Significant barriers to their full societal participation include inadequate infrastructure, limited transportation options, societal stigma, economic constraints, and gaps in policy implementation. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research incorporates surveys, interviews, and field observations to analyze these issues. The findings underscore the critical need for enhanced accessibility standards and their enforcement, increased investment in accessible transportation, greater affordability and availability of assistive devices, as well as inclusive educational and employment opportunities. Additionally, public awareness campaigns are essential to address social stigma. The research advocates for a comprehensive framework of inclusive solutions, which encompasses universal design principles, accessible transportation systems, assistive technologies, support services, policy advocacy, and participatory design methodologies. By adopting these strategies, India can foster a more inclusive and equitable society, enabling persons with physical disabilities to fully exercise their right to mobility and engage meaningfully in all facets of life. The researchers are collaborating with a prominent NGO active in the field of disability in Bengaluru, and a study involving beneficiaries of CSR Program driven in association of NGO partner is planned.

Artificial Intelligence‐Enhanced, Closed‐Loop Wearable Systems Toward Next‐Generation Diabetes Management

Recent advancements in wearable healthcare have led to commercially accessible continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs) for diabetes management. However, CGMs only monitor glucose levels and lack therapeutic functions, prompting the development of closed‐loop systems that use monitored glucose levels to guide insulin dosing. While promising, these devices also pose risks, such as insulin overdosing, which can cause hypoglycemia. This review summarizes recent advances in integrating artificial intelligence methods with conventional CGMs. The developments in wearable CGMs and progress in insulin delivery technologies are explored, and existing algorithms for glucose prediction in closed‐loop systems are reviewed. Additionally, emerging trends in optimizing these algorithms to enhance the safety and security of closed‐loop insulin delivery systems are highlighted.

Enhancing covert communication in NOMA systems with joint security and covert design.

The explosion of Internet-of-Thing enables several interconnected devices but also gives rise chance for unauthorized parties to compromise sensitive information through wireless communication systems. Covert communication therefore has emerged as a potential candidate for ensuring data privacy in conjunction with physical layer transmission to render two lines of defense. In this paper, we aim to enhance the individual transmission of nearby users in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems under scenarios of an eavesdropper who monitors covert transmission before decoding covert information. For this problem, we first provide a comprehensive analysis of the NOMA system in terms of outage probability (OP), secrecy outage probability (SOP), and detection error probability (DEP), where all of them are quantified in exact and asymptotic closed-form expressions. Besides, we have also derived closed-form formulas for users' covert and public rates. Under the system requirements of the maximal OP and SOP and the minimal DEP, we formulate the optimization of resource power allocation to: 1) minimize the OP of covert communication and 2) maximize the covert rate. Thanks to the developed analytical expressions, we obtain closed-form expressions for the sub-optimal power allocation coefficient for each problem. Simulation results validate the efficacy of the analytical mathematical frameworks and reveal that the proposed approaches of power allocation can provide attractive performance improvement compared to fixed power allocations only.

MDFGNN-SMMA: prediction of potential small molecule-miRNA associations based on multi-source data fusion and graph neural networks

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal in the initiation and progression of complex human diseases and have been identified as targets for small molecule (SM) drugs. However, the expensive and time-intensive characteristics of conventional experimental techniques for identifying SM-miRNA associations highlight the necessity for efficient computational methodologies in this field.ResultsIn this study, we proposed a deep learning method called Multi-source Data Fusion and Graph Neural Networks for Small Molecule-MiRNA Association (MDFGNN-SMMA) to predict potential SM-miRNA associations. Firstly, MDFGNN-SMMA extracted features of Atom Pairs fingerprints and Molecular ACCess System fingerprints to derive fusion feature vectors for small molecules (SMs). The K-mer features were employed to generate the initial feature vectors for miRNAs. Secondly, cosine similarity measures were computed to construct the adjacency matrices for SMs and miRNAs, respectively. Thirdly, these feature vectors and adjacency matrices were input into a model comprising GAT and GraphSAGE, which were utilized to generate the final feature vectors for SMs and miRNAs. Finally, the averaged final feature vectors were utilized as input for a multilayer perceptron to predict the associations between SMs and miRNAs.ConclusionsThe performance of MDFGNN-SMMA was assessed using 10-fold cross-validation, demonstrating superior compared to the four state-of-the-art models in terms of both AUC and AUPR. Moreover, the experimental results of an independent test set confirmed the model’s generalization capability. Additionally, the efficacy of MDFGNN-SMMA was substantiated through three case studies. The findings indicated that among the top 50 predicted miRNAs associated with Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil, and Doxorubicin, 42, 36, and 36 miRNAs, respectively, were corroborated by existing literature and the RNAInter database.

Outage Performance of User‐Assisted Energy Harvesting Full Duplex MIMO‐NOMA Networks

ABSTRACTThis work focuses on analyzing the outage probability (OP) in a downlink multi‐user multiple‐input multiple‐output non‐orthogonal multiple access (MIMO‐NOMA) system, specifically employing the maximum‐ratio transmission/receive antenna selection structure. In the investigated system, the user close to the base station (BS) acts as a full‐duplex (FD) (or half‐duplex [HD]) energy harvesting (EH) relay adopting decode‐and‐forward (DF) protocol for transmission to the far user. With and without a direct link, we derive the exact and asymptotic OP expressions in closed form for Nakagami‐ fading channels. The analytical results are validated through simulations, which show that the presence of a direct link in the system significantly enhances the performance of the far user. This improvement occurs because the direct link mitigates the performance degradation caused by the self‐interference of the near‐user. Additionally, the far user exhibits superior performance when the near user operates in the FD mode to the HD mode. Moreover, as the number of transmit antennas of the BS increases, the signal‐to‐noise ratio gains are more pronounced in FD mode than in HD mode. For both HD and FD modes, the performance is better when the number of antennas at the BS is higher than that of the users.

Resident-Driven Guideline to Reduce Iatrogenic Pneumothoraxes From Small-Bore Feeding Tubes: A Quality and Safety Improvement Project.

Small-bore feeding tubes (SBFT) in vulnerable patients carry a risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax by misplacement into the lung. This institution noted a series of iatrogenic pneumothoraxes caused by the placement of these devices. A resident-led, multidisciplinary team developed a hospital guideline through a consensus-driven process. The guideline mandated SBFT placement by approved "super-users" via the CORTRAK Enteral Access System or via non-CORTRAK Methods, including the 2-step X-ray Method, fluoroscopy, or direct visualization techniques. A "super-user" Program for the CORTRAK Enteral Access System was developed to assure competency and consistency. With the development of the guideline and "super-user" program, the authors observed a decrease in the number of SBFT-related iatrogenic pneumothoraxes. Following a brief period of adoption, the three-hospital organization has had no SBFT-related iatrogenic pneumothoraxes. This project demonstrates the effectiveness of developing a resident-driven, evidence-based hospital guideline for the safe passage of SBFTs.

Design of effective non-orthogonal multiple access system by maximising spectral and energy efficiency using hybrid heuristic optimisation approach

Design of effective non-orthogonal multiple access system by maximising spectral and energy efficiency using hybrid heuristic optimisation approach

SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AMONG CUSTODIAL GRANDMOTHERS: ADVANCING AN INTERSECTIONAL APPROACH

Abstract Racial disparities in custodial grandparenting, as well as disparities in the physical and mental health outcomes of custodial grandparents, are well-documented. As a result of long-standing socio-structural inequalities across the life course, custodial grandparents are disproportionately single, Black women with low socio-economic status. These categories of difference and the process of racialization contribute both to the need for grandparent caregiving in the Black community and the negative health consequences of caregiving for Black custodial grandmothers. Macro level structures and systems of oppression impact access to the social determinants of health shaping the life trajectories of racialized groups and contributing to unequal aging which suggests the importance of an intersectional lens when understanding the lived experiences of Black custodial grandmothers. A scoping review was conducted to determine the extent to which an intersectional framework is utilized in research examining the experiences of Black custodial grandmothers. A search of relevant databases (PsychINFO, SociINDEX, PubMed, and Web of Science) was performed using the following search terms and Boolean logic: (“grandparent” OR “grandmother” OR “grandfather” OR “custodial grandparent”) AND (“intersectionality”). Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods peer-reviewed journal articles published in English through January 2024 were included. Findings suggest that research integrating intersectionality with large representative samples is limited. This presentation will propose a conceptual framework that integrates the social determinants of health with an intersectional life course perspective as proposed by Ferrer and colleagues (2017). Recommendations for future research using intersectional approaches will be offered.

Performance Analysis of NOMA Systems over Rayleigh Fading Channels in 5G Communication

This paper aims to analyse the performance of Non-vertical Multiple Access (NOMA) systems operating in radio communication systems, especially under Rayleigh fading channels. While NOMA technology improves spectrum efficiency by allowing users to share the same time and frequency resource, Rayleigh fading channels represent multipath propagation effects commonly encountered in real radio environments. In this research, the effects of different user power levels and channel conditions on performance metrics such as system capacity, error rate (BER) and energy efficiency are investigated. Using mathematical modelling and simulation methods, the performance advantages and limitations of NOMA under Rayleigh fading conditions are evaluated. The findings show that NOMA systems offer significant advantages in terms of spectrum efficiency and user fair sharing in Rayleigh fading channels, but require careful design for error rate and energy consumption optimisation. This study provides an important reference for more effective implementation of NOMA technology in radio communication systems.

ASSESSING THE COMPLEXITIES OF LONG-TERM SERVICES AND SUPPORTS FOR OLDER ADULTS OF TEXAS

Abstract Background Long-term services and supports (LTSS) encompass a broad range of medical and personal care assistance needed by individuals who are unable to perform self-care tasks due to aging, chronic illness, or disability. The No Wrong Door (NWD) System is a statewide network that coordinates the system of access to long-term services and supports. As an offshoot of the person-centered planning movement, the NWD System is premised on ensuring that no matter where individuals first interact with the system, they are guaranteed comprehensive information, assessment, and services. This work will help the Texas Health and Human Services Commission create a consumer-driven, cost-effective, and efficient system. Methods A mixed methods approach was constructed to understand the challenges and barriers to accessing LTSS, assess NWD System performance based on stakeholder perspectives, and identify community needs. Results Of 4,153 respondents, 56% identified as an adult 50 years or older and 53% older adults reported a LTSS need in the past year. The top three problems faced when trying to get services include a confusing system, long service wait times, and not knowing where to get help. Unpaid informal caregiver respite services, caregiver education, and caregiver support groups were among the services and supports that inadequately met people’s needs. Conclusions: Our results form the blueprint for facilitating access to care throughout Texas to ensure vulnerable populations obtain a high quality of life. Recommendations for the NWD system include effective community outreach and streamlined application processes for services and supports.

Factors influencing the behavior and challenges faced by visually impaired individuals in waste separation.

Understanding the behavior and the challenges of visually impaired individuals in waste separation remains a significant research gap that affects the development of an inclusive and sustainable society. This research study aims to identify and analyze the factors influencing the waste separation behavior of visually impaired people and the key obstacles that these individuals face in public spaces. The study uses a quantitative approach, relying on surveys to gather data from a sample of 358 visually impaired individuals through the use of structured questionnaires. The data was then examined using multiple regression analysis. Results revealed that 91.1% possessed a moderate understanding of waste segregation, while 97.7% held generally positive attitudes toward the practice. Approximately 74.9% of the participants actively engaged in waste segregation at a moderate level. Motivation emerged as the most significant influence of proper waste management behavior, alongside attitude and knowledge. However, challenges persist in public settings, where 69.3% of participants discarded waste without regard to bin types, primarily due to difficulties in distinguishing bin colors and general ignorance. To better address their needs, participants recommended practical solutions, such as bins designed to be distinguishable by shape or sound, ensuring a more accessible and inclusive waste segregation system. This research can help in designing targeted interventions that promote sustainable waste management practices for visually impaired individuals. It can also provide valuable information to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working towards creating inclusive and accessible waste management environments and processes for people with visual impairments.

Predictive modelling of hospital-acquired infection in acute ischemic stroke using machine learning

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are serious complication for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), often resulting in poor functional outcomes. However, no existing model can specifically predict HAI in AIS patients. Therefore, we employed the Gradient Boosting matching learning algorithm to establish predictive models for HAI occurrence in AIS patients and poor 30-day functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale > 2) in AIS patients with HAI by analyzing electronic health records from 6560 AIS patients. Model performance was evaluated through internal cross-validation and external validation using an independent cohort of 3521 AIS patients. The established models demonstrated robust predictive performance for HAI in AIS patients, achieving area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of 0.857 ± 0.008 during internal validation and 0.825 ± 0.002 during external validation. For AIS patients with HAI, the second model effectively predict poor 30-day functional outcomes, with AUROCs of 0.905 ± 0.009 during internal validation and 0.907 ± 0.002 during external validation. In conclusion, machine learning models effectively identify the HAI occurrence and predict poor 30-day functional outcomes in AIS patients with HAI. Future prospective studies are crucial for validating and refining these models for clinical application, as well as for developing an accessible flowchart or scoring system to enhance clinical practices.

An Algorithm for Synthesizing Groups of Codes in an RFID Multiple Access System

Relevance. One of the problems that must be solved when creating RFID systems is the reader's multiple access to a group of tags located in a limited space, since the reading signal causes a one-time response of many tags, which leads to collisions (conflicts) of response signals. This problem has not been solved in relation to passive tags without a chip, based on surface acoustic wave technologies, the code of which is laid down during manufacture and cannot be changed during operation. The purpose of the study is to develop algorithms that allow synthesizing such groups of codes that would provide a controlled level of pairwise correlation of the selected label signals and thereby ensure the specified accuracy of label identification. The proposed algorithms are based on the procedures of code concatenation and inductive construction of groups of codes with a given volume and correlation level. For the algorithm for forming a group of codes with the required value of the correlation coefficient and the algorithm for combining groups of codes into complete and maximum groups, properties have been proven that confirm the possibility of using them to formulate tasks for preparing groups of labels on surfactants that would correspond to the number of objects requiring identification and the accuracy of their identification and taking into account the number of labels in the group, the conditions for the propagation of radio signals in the area of operation of the reader, the number of repeated readings of the label codes, as well as algorithms for joint data processing, received with all calculations.The methods used. Methods of coding theory and correlation analysis. Result. The developed algorithm is a tool for creating modern coding systems for surfactant labels. The scientific novelty. Well-known algorithms for multiple access in RFID systems are proposed in the GEN1 and GEN2 EPC Global standards, and assume that the tag has a chip and a power supply, which makes it possible to implement protocols for influencing the tag with a reader using special commands. The proposed multiple access algorithm is applicable for passive surfactant tags, including those moving at high speed and/or located in aggressive environments, since the tags do not use silicon technology compared to active RFID tags. Practical significance. The use of the proposed set of algorithms will increase the efficiency of marking systems by reducing the identification time of objects located in a confined space.

CFO and PAPR Analysis for Single‐ and Multistream CIFDMA System

ABSTRACTThe paper investigates the performance of a cyclic interleaved frequency division multiple access (CIFDMA) system proposed in our earlier works. In our present study, the carrier frequency offset (CFO) and the peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) analysis are done for the proposed CIFDMA, supporting single and multiple data stream transmissions. The proposed system is analyzed without employing any compensation technique needed to alleviate the effect of CFO and PAPR. The CIFDMA delivers superior performance over the conventional IFDMA system under low and moderate CFOs. Besides, the bit error ratio (BER) versus signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) performance comparisons for constant and random CFOs reveal the dominance of the proposed system over the conventional system for both single and multiple data stream transmissions. The PAPR performance of the proposed system is superior to the orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system. However, the PAPR of the proposed system escalates by an acceptable margin to that of the conventional system, and the deviation in the PAPR value falls within the acceptable range. The simulation results conclude that the proposed CIFDMA system will better replace the conventional IFDMA system for next‐generation communications.

Performance of SWIPT‐Assisted CNOMA System With P‐CSI User Selection Under Nakagami‐m Fading

ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on the performance investigation of a cooperative non‐orthogonal multiple access (CNOMA) system consisting of a single base station (BS), multiple near users, and a single far user. The near users are energy‐constrained and harvest energy using the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique. The BS uses a partial‐channel state information (P‐CSI) scheme to select a near user. The BS broadcasts the superimposed near users' and far user's signals. The selected near user performs successive interference cancellation (SIC) to detect the data. It uses the harvested energy to forward the far user data using the decode‐and‐forward protocol. The Nakagami‐m fading environment is considered for the analysis of the system in terms of outage probability, throughput, and energy efficiency. We derive closed‐form expressions for the far and the selected near users. We validate the results obtained using these expressions with simulation results. Also, we compare different user selection schemes existing in the literature with P‐CSI. P‐CSI is observed to outperform some of these schemes.

Factors aggravating food insecurity and its impact on human health in Africa

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the prevalence of food insecurity in Africa remains double the globalscale to now reach 58% of its population. Relentless drought and high food prices have weakened the ability of Africans to growcrops, raise livestock, and buy food for their families. Food insecurity is multifactorial. Conflicts, climate change, lack of access todrinking water, poverty linked to economic shocks and inequalities as well as poor agricultural and food policies. The solutions tofight against food insecurity are diverse namely, sustainable livelihoods in rural areas and equitable access to resources, access ofvulnerable and disadvantaged groups to sufficient, safe and nutritious food, and effective and sustainable intervention plans andactions to deal with food or agricultural crises. In addition to the factors aggravating food insecurity in Africa, this scourge remainsa complex problem affecting human health. Efforts to improve food security must provide sufficient calories and adequate nutrientsto strengthen sustainable and accessible food systems

Innovation and Technology in Health: Current Perspectives from Latin American Public Policies and the SDGs

Objective: To examine and analyze the most relevant theoretical aspects of the academic literature on innovation and technology in the health sector, focusing on how they are integrated and developed within public policies in Latin America. Theoretical Framework: Innovation and technology gain importance as basic pillars to transform the health area in Latin America, which is a region that faces important challenges related to equity, access and quality of health services. Method: The methodology of the study consisted of an exhaustive narrative review of academic sources and relevant documents on technological innovation in health in Latin America, between 2021 and 2024. Results and Discussion: Although the region is promising on a path of technological transformation, the sustainability and expansion of these innovations depend on the commitment of governments and the development of public policies that promote investment in infrastructure and staff training. Research Implications: Collaboration between governments, health institutions and the private sector is essential to overcome existing barriers and maximize the impact of emerging technologies, thus achieving a more efficient, accessible and equitable health system, which guarantees a healthy life for all (SDG:3). Originality/Value: This study is original in analyzing the integration of technological innovation in public health policies in Latin America, highlighting inter-institutional collaboration as a key to a more efficient and accessible health system.

The Influence of Cultural Factors on Financial Decision-Making in Ghana

This study investigates the role of cultural factors in shaping financial behaviors in Ghana, focusing on elements such as family obligations, communal traditions, religious beliefs, and traditional practices. It examines how these cultural dynamics influence decisions related to savings, borrowing, investments, and the use of informal financial systems like "susu," a widely trusted savings method in Ghanaian society. Through a mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative techniques, the research provides a holistic view of the cultural influences driving financial decision-making. The analysis reveals a strong cultural preference for financial practices rooted in community trust and collective responsibility, often favoring informal systems over formal financial institutions. Family structures and societal expectations strongly influence financial priorities, emphasizing the needs of the group over individual goals. Religious values also play a significant role, shaping attitudes toward financial ethics, debt management, and charitable contributions. This reliance on cultural norms reflects the high level of trust in traditional methods that align with familiar and accessible systems. The findings underscore the necessity of culturally tailored financial solutions to bridge the gap between informal practices and formal financial services. Policymakers and financial service providers must consider these cultural intricacies when designing products and strategies to improve financial inclusion. Culturally aligned financial education and services can foster trust and encourage broader participation in formal financial systems, supporting economic growth and stability. This research not only advances academic understanding of the intersection between culture and finance but also offers actionable insights for creating financial policies and services that resonate with the cultural realities of Ghanaian society. By aligning modern financial systems with traditional values and practices, financial inclusion can be enhanced, fostering a more inclusive and equitable financial environment.