Elements Of System Research Articles

Towards the design of a smart warehouse management system for spare parts management in the oil and gas sector

IntroductionThe oil and gas production industry requires rapid changing. As oil and gas companies around the world are called upon to decarbonize, several sectors within the industry are attempting to find new ways of working to achieve decarbonization. One of those sectors is spare parts warehousing. During the past decades of oil and gas production, spare parts warehousing has not been prioritized in optimization measures. Warehouses have been filled with material, all activities have been performed manually, and financial expenditure has been high. Now, a large oil and gas production company in Norway is looking to optimize its spare parts warehousing to streamline its logistics activities and increase sustainability.MethodThis study addresses the optimization ambitions of the company and proposes key design elements of a smart warehouse management system using Industry 4.0 technology implementation. The study is conducted by performing a review of relevant literature and company ambitions, before embarking on a qualitative design measure to contribute to the company’s innovative success.ResultsThe study proposes optimization of the warehouse activities goods receipt, issuing of stocked goods, and inventory count. Additionally, the digital supply chain of tomorrow and the technical architecture of a track and trace system in the warehouse is suggested.DiscussionThe study’s results can be used in practical implications and provide a foundation for future research. Future research is suggested to include extensive visual simulations, practical implementation studies, and studies on long-term effects of implementation.

Seasonal changes in activity of hypothalamic thyroid hormone system in different winter phenotypes of Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus).

Although the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus) is a seasonality model, it presents substantial variability in winter acclimation. In response to short photoperiod, some individuals express a suite of winter traits such as low body mass, regressed gonads, white fur, and daily torpor, while others develop only some adjustments or maintain a summer phenotype. Despite comprehensive research, the mechanisms underlying polymorphism of winter phenotype are still unknown. We compared key elements of the hypothalamic thyroid hormone system, as well as the tanycyte architecture in hamsters of both sexes. Individuals presented different responses to short photoperiod characterized either as phenotypes (non-responder, partial-responder and full-responder) or photoresponsive index. We measured the expression of genes coding iodothyronine deiodinase 2 and 3, monocarboxylate transporter 8, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and somatostatin in 40 individuals and counted the number of immunolabeled tanycyte processes in standardized regions of interest around the third ventricle in 30 individuals. Animals acclimated to short photoperiod presented a downregulation of diodinase 2 and somatostatin and an upregulation of deiodinase 3, as well as a decreased number of tanycyte processes, compared to long photoperiod-exposed individuals. Although phenotypes did not differ in gene expression, the higher the photoresponsive index, the lower was the deiodinase 2 expression and the higher the deiodinase 3 expression. Partial-responders and full-responders had less tanycyte processes than non-responders, and the number of tanycyte processes correlated with the photoresponsive index. Sexes differed neither in their seasonal response, nor hypothalamic gene expression, but females had more tanycyte processes. Our results are in accordance with studies emphasizing the pivotal role of thyroid hormones in seasonal response. We suggest that the whole spectrum of winter phenotypes exists within the population of Djungarian hamsters and that it is reflected also at the level of neuroendocrine regulation. However, the neuroendocrine underpinnings of winter phenotype polymorphism require further investigation.

EVALUATING TRACE FOSSILS, FLUVIAL ARCHITECTURE, AND COLONIZATION PATTERNS IN CHANNEL AND OVERBANK DEPOSITS FROM THE MIOCENE VINCHINA FORMATION, WESTERN ARGENTINA

Abstract Trace-fossil distribution within the framework of three-dimensional fluvial architecture has been commonly overlooked. The Miocene Vinchina Formation in western Argentina preserves extensive outcrops of fluvial deposits, including architectural elements of both anastomosing and braided systems identified along the Quebrada de La Troya. Multistorey sandy channels, amalgamated sandy channels, heterolithic multistorey channels, channels with gravel bars, abandoned channels, muddy floodplains, crevasse splays, and crevasse channels have been identified. Of these, only the deposits of three elements were bioturbated, namely crevasse splays, anastomosing abandoned channels, and braided abandoned channels. Vertical simple burrows (Skolithos isp.), large-sized J burrows (Capayanichnus vinchinensis), and simple horizontal burrows (Palaeophycus tubularis) are the most common trace fossils in the Vinchina Formation. Other elements include the horizontal meniscate trace Taenidium barretti and the vertebrate footprints Tacheria troyana, Macrauchenichnus troyana, and Ardeipeda isp. The trace-fossil assemblages identified in the Vinchina Formation collectively illustrate the Scoyenia Ichnofacies. In addition, five ichnofabrics are characterized. The position of the water table, substrate consistency, flow energy, and time between depositional events under arid to semi-arid climate conditions were the main parameters controlling bioturbation. Based on detailed observation of the cross-cutting relationship among ichnotaxa, the ichnofabric distribution and the preservation features of the trace fossils studied, a colonization sequence for each of the subenvironments of the Vinchina Formation is proposed in this study. In addition to integration with conventional facies analysis, articulating ichnologic data and fluvial architecture provides further insights into the application of trace fossils to unravel the sedimentary dynamics of alluvial systems.

Computational insights of double perovskite Na2CaCdH6 hydride alloy for hydrogen storage applications: a DFT investigation

Prospective use of perovskite hydride materials in H storage a crucial element of clean energy systems has drawn a lot of attention. The structural, electrical, mechanical, thermodynamic, and H storage qualities of Na2CaCdH6 hydride alloys were examined in this work using DFT. According to the structural properties, Na2CaCdH6 has space group 225 (Fm3m), and optimized lattice parameters and volume of Na2CaCdH6 are 3.3485 Å and 593.764 Å3. The measured gravimetric H storage capacity of Na2CaCdH6 hydrides is 2.956 wt%. The hydrides under research are semiconductors, as indicated by the computed electronic characteristics. Elastic constants, Pugh’s ratio, modulus, Poisson’s ratio, anisotropic, and microhardness of Na2CaCdH6 are calculated under mechanical properties. The hydrides are dynamically stable, as indicated by the phonon dispersion curves, but mechanically stable according to the Born criterion for elastic constant (Cij). The Cauchy’s pressure (C″ = 7.836) revealed the ductile behavior. The electronic and mechanical characteristics imply that Na2CaCdH6 hydride can conduct electricity and is also mechanically stable. Our findings shed light on the possibilities of Na2CaCdH6 perovskite hydride material for H storage utilization.

Doping effects in strontium hexaferrite: Theoretical and experimental analysis

Hexagonal ferrites based on SrFe12O19 (SFO) are vital materials in the field of permanent magnets, valued for their cost-effectiveness and reliable magnetic properties, making them a more affordable alternative to rare-earth permanent magnets. This study focuses on understanding the doping effects of commonly used elements in SFO system. DFT calculation results show that doping La or La-Co can enhance the phase stability of SFO, in which Co has a preference for the 4f1 sites of Fe. The total magnetic moment was observed to slightly decrease with La doping, whereas it exhibited an increasing trend with La-Co and La-Ca-Co co-doping and the largest increase of 6.5 % can be obtained in Sr2LaCaFe44Co4O76 (SLCFCO). The increase in the total magnetic moment is mainly attributed to the smaller antiferromagnetic moment of Co than that of Fe on 4f1 sites, as well as the reduction in the antiferromagnetic Fe moments at 4f1 and 4f2 sites. The total density of states indicates a transition from semiconductor behavior to a metallic character both in the La-Co and La-Ca-Co doped versions. The experimental results validate the theoretical predictions, confirming enhancements in magnetic performance. The saturation magnetization increased from 63.86 Am2/kg in SrFe11.7O19 (SFO) to 67.53 Am2/kg in Sr0.4La0.4Ca0.2Fe10.5Co0.5O19 composition. These findings provide a vital understanding of tuning the magnetic and electronic properties in doped SFO, which will enable the development of advanced applications in magnetic materials.

Соціальна політика як чинник забезпечення життєстійкості держави

In the conditions when Ukrainian statehood is facing the most serious challenge in its recent history, issues regarding state policy priorities in the social and economic sphere are becoming relevant. The goal of the article is to study the place and role of social policy in the process of ensuring the sustainability of the state. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, classification, system analysis, as well as a graphic method for visualization of the obtained results were used to form the main theses of the study. The work analyzes the modern scientific and theoretical platform and basic definitions of the concept of «sustainability», investigates the specifics and permanent context of the use of terms related to it — viability, stability and resilience, offers a systemic view of the state’s viability and identifies its components. Social policy is considered as an element of the management system of social processes, which directly affects the sustainability of Ukrainian society. At the current stage of development of the global economy, human is the main source of economic growth, and the quality of human potential is the key to the state’s competitiveness. Taking this into account, the importance of social and humanitarian policy is growing many times over. In economic policy, making a profit does not become a self-sufficient activity, instead the policy should be aimed at the person, unlocking the potential of the individual and forming the quality human potential of the state. Therefore, when assessing social policy, one should remember the value of a person, in particular the economic one, and the need for appropriate investments — in safety, health care system, and improving working conditions for the development of this resource. The work highlights the main elements of the state’s sustainability, shows the connection between its higher-level elements, such as the sustainability of the economy and the sustainability of society. It is in society — in the family, community, at the place of study — that the personality is formed and acquires a certain physical condition, education, professional skills and qualifications, and social connections. In this way, human and social capital is formed as a resource for the development of the economy and, accordingly, its stability and sustainability. At the same time, the economy generates material and financial resources that are necessary for both physical existence and development of an individual, as well as for the existence of society as a whole, in particular, social and engineering infrastructure facilities. The conducted analysis clearly demonstrates the importance of social policy as a social institution of sustainability in the state.

Barriers and Facilitators to Adopting a Systematic, Proactive, Evidence-Informed Technical Assistance System.

This article describes (a) key elements of a high-quality technical assistance (TA) system; (b) the operationalization of a high-quality TA system (Getting To Outcomes-Technical Assistance; GTO-TA) being implemented in a training and TA center (TTAC) interested in transforming its support services to include an evidence-informed approach to TA; and (c) key lessons learned in successfully transitioning from "TA-as-usual" to an evidence-informed TA system. GTO-TA is one operationalization of a systematic, proactive, evidence-informed approach to TA. GTO-TA includes best practices and core elements for a comprehensive TA system; it aims to increase the readiness (reduce barriers and increase facilitators) of an organization to deliver an innovation (program, policy, practice, process new to an organization) with quality. We describe the collaboration between the Wandersman Center and the Geographic Health Equity Alliance team to co-design and implement the GTO-TA system. Data from surveys, interviews, and consensus conversations led to important lessons learned, which are applicable to other TTACs seeking to develop a more proactive and systematic approach to TA. Lessons include: changing internal operations to facilitate TA providers making necessary changes in providing TA and understanding the relative advantage perceptions about a new TA system that influence adoption and must be considered.

Three Interpretation Paths on Understanding Political Relations between Southeast Asian Kingdoms and China from the Mandala System’s Perspective

In the late 1960s, some scholars started using the constituent elements of the mandala system, the traditional interstate relations model in Southeast Asia, to explore the official relationship between China and Southeast Asian Kingdoms and gradually formed three interpretation paths. The first is to use the mandala in the geopolitical sense to locate bilateral political relations. The second is about how the political culture with the universal monarch as the core enables Southeast Asia monarchs to join the tribute system. The third focuses on the different understanding of tribute in Southeast Asian countries. They supplement or revise the traditional view that the tributary relationship between ancient China and Southeast Asian Kingdoms was political. However, these three interpretation paths have their limitations. The review shows that scholars ignore the universal kingship of Southeast Asian Kingdoms’ discourse system to China. The unilateral policy design and understanding could not convincingly interpret the unique political relationship formed by bilateral interaction. Therefore, the universal kingship claimed by the Chinese emperors and Southeast Asian Kingdoms monarchs must be examined. It should study how the centers of the mandala system smoothly transited between claiming universal kingship and pursuing equality in real politics. It also explores what diplomatic strategies could maintain the subjectivity of the monarchs of Chinese dynasties and Southeast Asian Kingdoms.

Spatial-Temporal Structure Features of Muscle Synergies During Profiling Elements Implementation in Rhythmic Gymnastics

The article presents an analysis of the muscle synergies involved in making ball throws in different directions and from different starting positions. The study involved 6 highly qualified athletes engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. Electromyograms of the superficial muscles of the upper extremities and trunk were recorded synchronously during the movements, as well as video capture of the movements of body segments. Synergy parameters were extracted from the recorded signals using factor analysis using the principal component method. It has been established that individuals who have mastered a complex motor skill can demonstrate similar motor control strategies. This is manifested in the structuring of intermuscular interaction in the form of two general modules, the degree of involvement of muscles in which is highly similar in the implementation of different motor tasks. The first muscle module implements active movement of the upper limb by jointly activating the muscles of the forearm, shoulder and upper shoulder girdle, and also provides stabilization of the position of the trunk by synchronizing the activity of the muscles of the back and abdomen. The second muscle module is specific and is mainly associated with high involvement in the synergy of the muscles of the upper shoulder girdle and forearm for the implementation of exercises performed without visual control, or from starting positions that limit the mobility of certain parts of the body. Thus, the solution to the problem of coordination of many elements of the motor system may consist not only in reducing the number of executive organs – muscles involved in control, but also in organizing control variables in the form of modules at the kinematic level and their stabilization through muscle synergies.

Three-dimensional quantitative analysis of arterial bed and elements of pelvicalyceal system of kidneys in men

The aim of the study was to investigate the patterns of three-dimensional quantitative organization of the renal artery branches in relation to the elements of the renal pelvicalyceal system in men. The study was conducted on 58 corrosion preparations of arterial vessels and renal pelvicalyceal structures obtained from men with postmortem age intervals from 22 to 75 years. As a result of the morphological study, a spatial and quantitative characteristic was given to different variants of renal artery branching, with an emphasis on their transformation into secondary vascular branches classified as zonal arteries. Additionally, a detailed analysis of the topographic and anatomical relationship between the intraorgan arterial branches of the renal artery and the excretory segments of the kidney was carried out, which made it possible to clarify the features of their spatial organization. Knowledge of the spatial arrangement of the arterial branches of the kidney, which directly correlates with the variable features of its renal pelvicalyceal apparatus and excretory system segments, opens the way to predicting potential obstacles during surgical procedures, especially during nephrolithotomy.

Pengaruh Perubahan Kurikulum Pendidikan Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa

This research aims to investigate the impact of curriculum changes on students' learning motivation at the secondary education level. The curriculum is a key element in the education system that can influence the learning process and student achievement. The data collection technique uses qualitative with a literature study approach. The data source used is a literature study, the data analysis technique used is a comparative study of the literature and identifying the impacts of main curriculum changes on student learning motivation, both positive and negative impacts. The research results show that curriculum changes can have varying impacts on student learning motivation. Positive impacts can occur when curriculum changes include refreshing learning materials, a more interactive teaching approach, clear educational goals, fair evaluation, and challenges that are appropriate to students' ability levels.

Complex system fault diagnosis based on interpretive structural model

To realize the fault diagnosis of complex systems, a fault diagnosis method for complex systems based on the explanatory structural model is proposed. According to the fault mechanism analysis, the fault association matrix of system elements is established. The explanatory structural model is applied to transform the fault association relationship of complex systems into an intuitive hierarchical structural model through matrix transformation, so as to realize the structuring and hierarchical propagation of system faults. The PageRank algorithm is introduced to evaluate the influence and impact of system element faults. According to the influence and impact of the same-layer components and the fault transmission logic, the main cause of system fault transmission is clarified, which provides a basis for fault diagnosis. Finally, a specific application is carried out with a certain device as an example to verify the effectiveness of the method.

Using artificial intelligence and machine learning to reduce patient wait times and increase patient satisfaction.

Madam, Prolonged patient waiting time has long been a significant source of dissatisfaction among patients. Waiting time has been recognized by WHO as one of the key elements of a responsive healthcare system [1]. A study conducted by Bleustein et al. suggested that longer wait times negatively impacted the patient’s confidence in the care provider and the perceived quality of care.[2] Furthermore, in large hospital settings, patients are expected to queue up multiple times before meeting with their physician, which amplifies their stress. We would like to highlight that the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare can help reduce patient and physician stress. Strategies such as telemedicine and online registration have been acquired in efforts to resolve this issue but these techniques may burden doctors with extra responsibilities. However, introducing an AI-based physician assistance programme, which was able to model itself on the decision-making requirements of the doctor significantly reduced the wait time and the burden on the hospital [3]. Xiaoqing Li et al developed an AI-based model that helped patients automatically order any investigations. Implementation of the model reduces waiting time while also playing a pivotal role in creating alternative methods to improve patient flow. [4] The results of these studies prove that implementation of an AI-based model in daily medicine has helped improve patient experience and minimize hospital burden. The implementation of AI in place of traditional methods, helps enhance patient satisfaction by not only significantly reducing waiting time but also ensuring that patients receive care appropriate to their condition. Moreover, it helps reduce, the workload on the physician and enables them to focus more on the patient. Being a new concept in healthcare AI may not be free of error. This might lead to inaccuracies in medication prescription, investigations, imaging, scheduling of appointments and diagnosis in atypical cases. Patient confidentiality is also an extremely important aspect of healthcare and in an attempt to protect the privacy of the patients, AI models may not have free reign over the patients’ data which may prevent them from assisting in medical practices. Furthermore, there are no organizations that customize the AI models according to the needs of the individual hospital or clinic. Moreover, human interaction is a critical aspect of healthcare which would be significantly impacted by the use of AI which could result in patients being unable to express themselves or feeling a sense of apathy. Furthermore, developing countries are not well equipped to implement AI in daily practice, hence it would not be a practical solution for them. [5] Further research needs to be conducted with regards to the use of AI models in hospitals to understand how they impact patient wait times and satisfaction, alongside their ability to optimize healthcare.

Saudi (EFL) Learners’ Attitudes Toward Google Sites E-portfolio Systems in Relation to Their Language Learning Motivation

Electronic portfolios have emerged as an essential element of e-learning systems in the Saudi educational system, particularly in higher education. Google Sites e-portfolios enable prompt sharing of assignments and foster reflection and collaboration among students and instructors. The aim of this study is to investigate Saudi female EFL students’ attitudes toward the Google Sites e-portfolio system in relation to language learning motivation. The sample comprised 138 EFL female Saudi students. The participants were enrolled in an English advanced course and were required to submit an e-portfolio as part of a course assessment. A quantitative research approach was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, means, standard deviation, and correlation were conducted. The study revealed that the learners showed positive attitudes toward the ease of use of Google’s e-portfolio system. Furthermore, they perceived it as a valuable tool, recognizing its usefulness in facilitating timely submissions, effective feedback, and reflective learning. The study also found a positive correlation between learners’ attitudes toward the system and their language learning motivation; a stronger correlation was observed for instrumental motivation. The study highlighted the significant educational value of Google e-portfolios and indicated possibilities for educators to enhance learners’ experiences by tackling current obstacles and promoting motivation. Educators should encourage the use of the Google Sites e-portfolio system for reflective practices and highlight its useful features. They should also focus on students’ language learning motivation, which affects attitudes toward technology implementation. Educational institutions should enhance students’ comprehension of the system through focused instruction, workshops, and peer assistance.

Influence of Cow Dung Extract Complemented with Nutrient Solution on the Growth Performance of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L)

Limited studies have focused on plant growth performance using organic-based solutions complemented with mineral elements in a hydroponic system. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the growth performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as influenced by cow dung extract combined with a hydroponic nutrient solution. Treatments considered as four different levels of aerated cow dung extracts (C), viz., C1 = 50 g l-1, C2 =100 g l-1, C3 =150 g l-1 and C4 =200 g l-1 and four strengths of standard nutrient solution (S), viz, S1 = 30% of standard nutrient solution, S2 = 40% of standard nutrient solution, S3 = 50% of standard nutrient solution and S4 = 60% of standard nutrient solution. The experiment was carried out using a deep flow technique in a semi-greenhouse. Various growth and physiological parameters were measured in this experiment. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis with 4 replicates by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS. In the case of growth parameters, the tallest plant (23.54 cm), maximum number of leaves per plant (17.01) broadest leaf (13.32 cm), and the highest fresh weight (112.05 g/plant) were recorded from C3 while the lowest in C1. For hydroponic nutrient solution, the tallest plant (23.13 cm), the maximum number of leaves per plant (16.66), the widest leaf breath (14.17 cm), and the highest fresh weight (116.0 g/plant) were recorded from S4 while the lowest in S1. On the other hand, physiological traits viz. leaf area, net assimilation ratio, and relative growth rate were statistically higher in C3 and lowest in C1. In the nutrient solution, all physiological parameters were highest in S4 and the lowest in S1. In the case of the interaction effect, the highest fresh weight and almost all the parameters were found best in C3S4 and the lowest in C1S1. Therefore, the analysis showed that in terms of growth promotion properties hydroponic nutrient solution along with cow dung extract had a substantial impact and C3S4 was the most preferable treatment combination. Based on these findings, in a hydroponic system, an inorganic nutrient solution combined with organic liquid fertilizer derived from cow dung extract (as an alternative nutrient source) requires further improvements to achieve optimal growth and yield.

Law enforcement bodies in the mechanism of functioning of state power

It is noted that in a modern democratic society, law enforcement agencies play a key role in ensuring legality, law and order, and the safety of citizens. They are an integral part of the mechanism of functioning of state power, acting as a tool for implementing the legal policy of the state and protecting the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens. A special place in the system of law enforcement agencies is occupied by the police, which is on the front line of interaction between the state and citizens in the sphere of law enforcement. The police, as the central element of the law enforcement system, has a wide range of powers and responsibilities, covering crime prevention, crime investigation, public order and security. The article examines the role of law enforcement agencies, particularly the police, in ensuring legality, law and order, and the safety of citizens in a modern democratic society. Special attention is paid to the analysis of legal, organizational and technological aspects of police activity in the context of growing challenges such as cybercrime, international terrorism and organized crime. The functions of the police as a key element of the law enforcement system, its interaction with other state bodies and society are considered. The author emphasizes the importance of reforming the law enforcement system of Ukraine to meet international standards and growing social needs. It is noted that the functioning of the police in a democratic society should balance between ensuring security and protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens. Particular attention was paid to the need to improve the legal and organizational mechanisms of police work, which ensure their accountability to society and compliance with the principles of the rule of law. The article also raises questions regarding the legal definition of law enforcement agencies and their functional role in the modern state, the problems of normative and legal regulation of their activities. The importance of creating an effective system of police control and accountability in the context of democratic transformations taking place in Ukraine is discussed.

Humanistic foundations of the legal system: dialectics of theory and practice in the conditions of modern challenges

The article is devoted to the study of the principle of humanism as the fundamental basis of the modern legal state. The author examines the historical development of the concept of humanism from the ideas of ancient philosophers to modern concepts of human rights, emphasizing its key role in the formation of the legal system and state policy. The work analyzes the concept of «principle» and its meaning in the legal context. The author emphasizes the systematic nature of the principles of law, their interrelation and hierarchy, which is critically important for understanding their role in the formation and functioning of the legal system. Special attention is paid to the principle of humanism as a cross-cutting element of the legal system. Its key aspects are considered: recognition of the inherent value of each person, respect for human dignity, provision of conditions for the realization of rights and freedoms, striving for the common good. The author emphasizes that humanism in law is not only an ethical ideal, but also a practical guideline for law-making and law enforcement. The article also examines certain aspects of the dialectical opposition between humanism and anti­humanism, which allows for a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of humanistic principles and their role in the development of the rule of law. The author emphasizes the need for constant critical review of existing norms and institutions for their compliance with humanistic ideals. An important aspect of the research is consideration of the relationship between the level of moral maturity of society and the implementation of the principle of humanism. The author claims that in a morally developed society, respect for the rights and freedoms of the individual becomes an organic component of everyday life, which creates a harmonious coexistence of ethical principles and legal norms. In the conclusions, the author emphasizes the need not only for formal enshrining of humanistic principles in legislation, but also for their practical implementation in all spheres of social life. This requires constant improvement of the legal system and state administration in order to maximally satisfy the needs and interests of citizens, which is a key feature of a truly legal and democratic state.

New approach for accurate discrimination and location of power transformers with different internal winding faults.

Power transformers are essential elements in power systems and thus their protection schemes have critical importance. In this paper, a scheme is proposed for accurate discrimination and location of internal faults in power transformers using conventional measuring devices attached to the transformer. Different types of internal winding faults are intensely considered: partial discharge, inter-disk faults, series and shunt short circuit faults and axial displacement. Depending on the transformer measured output voltage, input voltage and the input current, the construction of a locus diagram (ΔV-Iin) serves as an indicator for any physical modification to the winding. Using five suggested features extracted from the developed locus, an artificial neural network (ANN) technique is applied to accurately distinguish any deviation from the transformer healthy condition. The exact location of each fault inside the windings of power transformer is then determined. The obtained results validate the usefulness of the proposed scheme for different internal faults. The superiority of the proposed scheme is extensively examined by comparing its results with some published schemes.

Monte-Carlo Simulation of Reliability of System with Complex Interconnections

Modern automotive systems must satisfy strict reliability requirements. Most real vehicle systems and safety-critical networks have complex interconnections. The sensitivities and probabilistic uncertainties of the reliability of systems with complex interconnections (SwCIs) can be investigated by Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS). This paper focuses on the sensitivities and parametrical uncertainties of SwCIs’ reliability. The proposed method can be implemented in the investigation of the uncertainties of SwCI reliability, i.e., in the determination of critical system elements and the estimation of the required number of spare parts (RNSP) of the system, which depends on the probability of allowable spare equipment shortage.

Analysing the influence of temperature dependence of active resistances on transmitted power in electric power systems

Subject of research: in this paper, the static stability of electric power systems is assessed taking into account the temperature dependence of active resistances. Purpose of research: to show how the consideration of the temperature dependence of active resistances will affect the static stability reserves of electric power systems. Methods and objects of research: calculations of the regime with account of influence of thermal processes in elements of power system are made. The main parameter to take into account thermal processes is the ambient air temperature, so the days with maximum and minimum average daily air temperature were determined. All parameters except ambient air temperature and wind speed were selected in such a way as to provide the worst conditions for thermal exchange. The results of the calculations show that taking into account the thermal processes in the elements of the system significantly affects the transmitted power and the reserves of static aperiodic stability in the power system. Main results of research: practical calculations have shown that the account of thermal processes allows to take into account more accurately the limits of the transmitted power through the elements of the power system, and at the same time the reserve coefficients of static stability.