Damage To System Research Articles

Heterozygous Apex1 deficiency exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation in a murine model

The biological role of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (Apex1) in modulating systemic inflammation remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of Apex1 deficiency on systemic inflammation triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a murine model. The methods involved transcriptomic analysis and assessments of inflammatory responses in age-matched 8-week-old Apex1+/− and wild-type Apex1+/+ mice, generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Apex1+/− mice displayed no overt changes in body weight, however, Apex1 protein expressions in tissues were significantly reduced compared to wild-type mice. Furthermore, in Apex1+/− mice transcriptomic analysis showed that genes associated with antioxidant pathways were downregulated, and levels of superoxide production, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased. Moreover, hematological analysis showed increased neutrophil levels and a twofold increase in the count of splenic lymphocyte antigen 6 family member G+ (Ly6G+) neutrophils in the Apex1+/− mice compared to those in Apex1+/+ mice. Furthermore, following LPS treatment, the levels of cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, increased in the Apex1+/− mice. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a significant reduction in the survival rates of Apex1+/− mice treated with LPS compared to those of Apex1+/+ mice. The hepatic and lung injury scores and Ly6G+ neutrophil infiltration levels also increased in Apex1+/− mice after LPS treatment. These results showed that Apex1 deficiency exacerbated the LPS-induced tissue damage in the lung and liver. These findings illustrate that in vivo Apex1 deficiency exacerbates LPS-induced systemic inflammation, tissue damage, and mortality in a murine model, highlighting the crucial role of Apex1 in mitigating inflammatory responses and maintaining a holistic physiological equilibrium.

Are haloclines distributional barriers in anchialine ecosystems? Physiological response of cave shrimps to salinity.

Anchialine systems are coastal groundwater habitats around the world which host a unique community of cave adapted species (stygobionts). Such communities are expected to be separated by haloclines into either fresh or saline groundwater communities, hence climate changes (e.g., eustatic sea level shifts) and anthropic driven changes (e.g., salinization) may have a great impact on these stygobiont communities. Here we used cave-restricted species of Typhlatya from the Yucatan Peninsula as models to identify physiological capacities that enable the different species to thrive in marine groundwater (T. dzilamensis) or fresh groundwater (T. mitchelli and T. pearsei), and test if their distribution is limited by their salinity tolerance capacity. We used behavior, metabolic rates, indicators of the antioxidant system and cellular damage, and lactate content to evaluate the response of individuals to acute changes in salinity, as a recreation of crossing a halocline in the anchialine systems of the Yucatan Peninsula. Our results show that despite being sister species, some are restricted to the freshwater portion of the groundwater, while others appear to be euryhaline.

HoloPatch: improving intracardiac patch fit through holographically modelled templates.

Structural heart defects, including congenital ventricular septal defect closure or intracardiac rerouting, frequently require surgical reconstruction using hand-cut patch materials. Digitally modelled patch templates may improve patch fit and reduce outflow tract obstruction, residual defect risk, and conduction system damage. In this study, we benchmarked mixed-reality and a desktop application against a digitalized model of a real implanted patch. Ten patients scheduled for the repair of various defects consented to prospective inclusion in the study. After surgery, a digital model of the implanted patch was created from the residual material. Five clinical experts created 10 digital patches, 1 per patient, both in mixed-reality and desktop application, for comparison with the reference measurements, including the digitalized model of the real patch used during the surgery. Subjective residual shunt risk prediction was performed using both modalities. Digital patches created in mixed-reality closely matched the surgical material, whereas those created using desktop applications were significantly smaller. Different evaluators showed varying preferences for the application of the residual shunt risk and area. Digitally created patches can assist surgeons in preoperatively sizing of patch implants, potentially reducing post-operative complications.

Reduced unilateral sweating caused by varicella zoster virus infection: a case report

BackgroundHerpes zoster is an infectious skin disease caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV), which has been latent in the posterior root ganglia of the spinal cord or cranial ganglia for an extended period. Neurological complications caused by herpes zoster include aseptic meningitis, white matter disease, peripheral motor neuropathy, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. However, reduced unilateral sweating caused by the VZV is very rare.Case PresentationThis article reports the case of a 34-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital with sore throat, dizziness, and reduced sweating on the left side of her body. Physical examination found herpes lesions on the left upper lip and left external ear canal (scabbed) and reduced sweating on the left side of the body. Head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast showed no abnormalities. After a lumbar puncture, the patient was diagnosed with viral meningitis by VZV infection. The electromyographic skin sympathetic reflex indicated damage to the left sympathetic nerve.ConclusionsSecondary unilateral sweating reduction is a rare neurological complication of herpes zoster, caused by damage to the autonomic nervous system. Literature review and comprehensive examination indicated that the reduced unilateral sweating was due to the activation of latent herpes zoster virus in the autonomic ganglia which has damaged the autonomic nervous system. For patients who exhibit acute hemibody sweat reduction, doctors should consider the possibility of secondary autonomic nervous system damage caused by herpes zoster.

Machine learning-based analysis and prediction of meteorological factors and urban heatstroke diseases.

Heatstroke is a serious clinical condition caused by exposure to high temperature and high humidity environment, which leads to a rapid increase of the core temperature of the body to more than 40°C, accompanied by skin burning, consciousness disorders and other organ system damage. This study aims to analyze the effect of meteorological factors on the incidence of heatstroke using machine learning, and to construct a heatstroke forecasting model to provide reference for heatstroke prevention. The data of heatstroke incidence and meteorological factors in a city in South China from May to September 2014-2019 were analyzed in this study. The lagged effect of meteorological factors on heatstroke incidence was analyzed based on the distributed lag non-linear model, and the prediction model was constructed by using regression decision tree, random forest, gradient boosting trees, linear SVRs, LSTMs, and ARIMA algorithm. The cumulative lagged effect found that heat index, dew-point temperature, daily maximum temperature and relative humidity had the greatest influence on heatstroke. When the heat index, dew-point temperature, and daily maximum temperature exceeded certain thresholds, the risk of heatstroke was significantly increased on the same day and within the following 5 days. The lagged effect of relative humidity on the occurrence of heatstroke was different with the change of relative humidity, and both excessively high and low environmental humidity levels exhibited a longer lagged effect on the occurrence of heatstroke. With regard to the prediction model, random forest model had the best performance of 5.28 on RMSE and dropped to 3.77 after being adjusted. The incidence of heatstroke in this city is significantly correlated with heat index, heatwave, dew-point temperature, air temperature and zhongfu, among which the heat index and dew-point temperature have a significant lagged effect on heatstroke incidence. Relevant departments need to closely monitor the data of the correlated factors, and adopt heat prevention measures before the temperature peaks, calling on citizens to reduce outdoor activities.

Bioenzymatic detoxification of mycotoxins.

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced during the growth, storage, and transportation of crops contaminated by fungi and are physiologically toxic to humans and animals. Aflatoxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin, patulin, and fumonisin are the most common mycotoxins and can cause liver and nervous system damage, immune system suppression, and produce carcinogenic effects in humans and animals that have consumed contaminated food. Physical, chemical, and biological methods are generally used to detoxify mycotoxins. Although physical methods, such as heat treatment, irradiation, and adsorption, are fast and simple, they have associated problems including incomplete detoxification, limited applicability, and cause changes in food characteristics (e.g., nutritive value, organoleptic properties, and palatability). Chemical detoxification methods, such as ammonification, ozonation, and peroxidation, pollute the environment and produce food safety risks. In contrast, bioenzymatic methods are advantageous as they achieve selective detoxification and are environmentally friendly and reusable; thus, these methods are the most promising options for the detoxification of mycotoxins. This paper reviews recent research progress on common mycotoxins and the enzymatic principles and mechanisms for their detoxification, analyzes the toxicity of the degradation products and describes the challenges faced by researchers in carrying out enzymatic detoxification. In addition, the application of enzymatic detoxification in food and feed is discussed and future directions for the development of enzymatic detoxification methods are proposed for future in-depth study of enzymatic detoxification methods.

The role of non-coding RNAs in neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a refractory pain syndrome, caused by damage or disease of the somatosensory nervous system and characterized by spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, abnormal pain and sensory abnormality. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and Piwi interacting RNA (piRNA), play a notable role in initiation and maintenance of NPP. In this review, we summarize the role of ncRNAs in NPP and their underlaying mechanism. Generally, ncRNAs are interacted with mRNA, protein or DNA to regulate the molecules and signals assciated with neuroinflammation, ion channels, neurotrophic factors and others, and then involved in the occurrence and development of NPP. Therefore, this review not only contributes to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of NPP, but also provides theoretical basis for the development of new therapy strategies for this disorder.

Betaine improves METH-induced depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment by alleviating neuroinflammation via NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition

Methamphetamine abuse has been associated with central nervous system damage, contributing to the development of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment. With the escalating prevalence of METH abuse, there is a pressing need to explore effective therapeutic interventions. Thus, the objective of this research was to investigate whether betaine can protect against depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment induced by METH. Following intraperitoneal injections of METH in mice, varying doses of betaine were administered. Subsequently, the behavioral responses of mice and the impact of betaine intervention on METH-induced neural damage, synaptic plasticity, microglial activation, and NLRP3 inflammatory pathway activation were assessed. Administration 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of betaine ameliorated METH-induced depressive-like behaviors in the open field test, tail suspension test, forced swimming test, and sucrose preference test and cognitive impairment in the novel object recognition test and Barnes maze test. Moreover, betaine exerted protective effects against METH-induced neural damage and reversed the reduced synaptic plasticity, including the decline in dendritic spine density, as well as alterations in the expression of hippocampal PSD95 and Synapsin-1. Additionally, betaine treatment suppressed hippocampal microglial activation induced by METH. Likewise, it also inhibited the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and reduced IL-1β and TNF-α release. These results collectively suggest that betaine's significant role in mitigating depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment resulting from METH abuse, presenting potential applications in the prevention and treatment of substance addiction.

Optimal transient power sharing method for shipboard MVDC System based on segmented variable step dynamic programming

Supplying power for large pulsed power load with shipboard medium voltage direct current integrated power system has continued to be a challenge. The energy storage device configured in the system can effectively mitigate the power impact on grid and gas turbine gensets, but it also complicates the system operation, requiring advanced power sharing and control strategies for support. In this paper, the control framework of system configured with hybrid energy storage is presented, the objective function to quantify transient power disturbance on gas turbine genset is established, and the segmented variable step dynamic programming method for system transient power sharing is innovatively proposed and employed to derive the optimal transient power-sharing scheme for the rectangular and triangular large pulsed power load conditions. Compared with the conventional approach through MATLAB/Simulink simulation, the scheme derived from segmented variable step dynamic programming demonstrates enhanced utilization of the transient power compensation capability of hybrid energy storage, and leads to a reduction in the power regulation pressure on gas turbine gensets. In the assumption of two typical operating processes, as the results of the power impacts，the transient regulation rate of the genset rotor is reduced from 10.4 % to 9.9 % and from 13.7 % to 8.6 %, respectively, the fatigue damage of shaft system is decreased by 53 % and 94.4 %, respectively, and the maximum inlet relative temperature of gas generator turbine is reduced by 0.015 and 0.139, respectively.

Pediatric endocarditis -a stone left after the pandemic cascade.

Infective endocarditis is a rare disease in children. The etiology is mainly bacterial. However, viral infective endocarditis, possibly related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has also been reported. The pathophysiological principle of the connection between the two entities seems to be attributed to the transient immune deficiency of the body during the infection. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 is reported in the literature as a direct cardiopathic virus. Therefore, the new coronavirus seems to have the ability to affect both the intact cardiac tissue and the previously damaged one both during the acute episode and at a distance from it. Consequently, we propose to review the main pathophysiological aspects of pediatric cardiac damage caused by SARS-CoV-2. The ultimate goal is to deepen existing knowledge, broaden the horizon of understanding and analysis regarding the systemic damage induced by viral infections, and strengthen an information base from which to start a meta-analysis. Next, we performed a non-systematized screening of the specialized literature with reference to cases of endocarditis in the pediatric population, reported in the period 2020-2023. From the total of articles found, we chose to include in the review a number of 6 case reports, including a number of 7 patients (5 children and 2 adolescents). Analysis of reports suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection could play a role in the development of endocarditis, either directly through active infection or indirectly through a post-infectious immune response. Also, pre-existing conditions and complex medical history predispose to an increased risk of developing a severe, complicated form of endocarditis. Also, the lack of data on the vaccination history and the failure to categorize the infection depending on the type of antibodies (IgM or IgG) in some studies represent a major bias in the reports. The latter make it difficult to evaluate the influence of vaccination and the impact of acute versus chronic infection on the course of cases.

A clinical case of acute polyneuropathy, with the onset of bilateral facial nerve palsy in an early childhood

BACKGROUND: The differential diagnosis of peripheral nervous system damage depends on a thorough collection of history, comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, and dynamic examination of the patient. This article describes a clinical case of acute polyneuropathy in a young child, which began with gastrointestinal symptoms and bilateral facial neuropathy. CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: The article presents a case of a child with an atypical course of acute polyneuropathy, which began with bilateral facial neuropathy combined with gastrointestinal complaints and pain syndrome. Features of the clinical presentation of the disease required extended laboratory and instrumental testing. Protocols for instrumental verification of diagnosis included nerve conduction studies examining neural conduction and axonal excitability of the affected facial nerve and the healthy side. Additionally, the functional status of the peripheral nerves in the upper and lower limbs was assessed. Polyneuropathic alterations revealed through nerve conduction studies confirmed diagnostic lumbar puncture to determine the presence of neuroinfectious processes. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, brachial, and lumbosacral plexuses using intravenous contrast showed the nature and prevalence of a lesion. Based on the overall clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examination data of the patient, “acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy” was diagnosed; timely etiopathogenetic treatment was initiated. CONCLUSION: In children, the course of a neuroinfection may be atypical. Sometimes, when dissociating the clinical manifestations of the disease from the results of a standard laboratory and instrumental test, expert diagnostic techniques should be used for differential diagnosis purposes.

Microscopic polyangiitis, an onset with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage

Introduction: antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is a group of complex chronic diseases that cause morbidity, systemic organ damage, therapeutic overload, and risk of relapse. Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) primarily affects small vessels in the lungs and kidneys, characterized by inflammation that can lead to necrosis of blood vessels, presence of ANCA in the bloodstream, and absence of necrotizing inflammation of the parenchyma in histopathology. Methods: we present the case of a 58-year-old female patient with hemoptysis, fever, and dyspnea. Results: laboratory tests show anemia, leukocytosis, positive p-ANCA, hematuria, and proteinuria. The CT scan reveals areas of increased attenuation with a ground-glass pattern and centrilobular nodular opacities occupying the middle lobe and both lower lobes. The patient also tested positive for MPO-ANCA, leading to the diagnosis of ANCA-positive vasculitis, specifically microscopic polyangiitis with pulmonary and renal involvement, pneumonia, and renal insufficiency. She received appropriate medical treatment, resulting in adequate resolution. Conclusions: microscopic polyangiitis requires interdisciplinary management, which, along with radiological findings, contributes to the early diagnosis and timely treatment of the pathology

Recent Advances in Photodynamic Therapy: Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Tools to Improve Cancer Therapy.

Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with traditional therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation often accompanied by systemic toxicity and damage to healthy tissues. Despite progress in treatment, these approaches have limitations such as non-specific targeting, systemic toxicity, and resistance development in cancer cells. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a revolutionary frontier in cancer therapy, offering potential solutions to these challenges. Nanoparticles, due to their unique physical and chemical properties, can carry therapeutic payloads, navigate biological barriers, and selectively target cancer cells. Metal-based nanoparticles, in particular, offer unique properties suitable for various therapeutic applications. Recent advancements have focused on the integration of metal-based nanoparticles to enhance the efficacy and precision of photodynamic therapy. Integrating nanotechnology into cancer therapy represents a paradigm shift, enabling the development of strategies with enhanced specificity and reduced off-target effects. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pivotal role of metal-based nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy. We explore the mechanisms, biocompatibility, and applications of metal-based nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy, highlighting the challenges and the limitations in their use, as well as the combining of metal-based nanoparticles/photodynamic therapy with other strategies as a synergistic therapeutic approach for cancer treatment.

Multienzyme Active Nanozyme for Efficient Sepsis Therapy through Modulating Immune and Inflammation Inhibition.

Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated immune response to infection, leads to systemic inflammation, immune dysfunction, and multiorgan damage. Various oxidoreductases play a very important role in balancing oxidative stress and modulating the immune response, but they are stored inconveniently, environmentally unstable, and expensive. Herein, we develop multifunctional artificial enzymes, CeO2 and Au/CeO2 nanozymes, exhibiting five distinct enzyme-like activities, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxidase, and oxidase. These artificial enzymes have been used for the biocatalytic treatment of sepsis via inhibiting inflammation and modulating immune responses. These nanozymes significantly reduce reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines, achieving multiorgan protection. Notably, CeO2 and Au/CeO2 nanozymes with enzyme-mimicking activities can be particularly effective in restoring immunosuppression and maintaining homeostasis. The redox nanozyme offers a promising dual-protective strategy against sepsis-induced inflammation and organ dysfunction, paving the way for biocatalytic-based immunotherapies for sepsis and related inflammatory diseases.

Research progress of neuron-specific enolase in cognitive disorder: a mini review.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serves as a distinctive indicator of neuronal injury, with its concentration in blood reflecting the extent and magnitude of nervous system damage, and the expression of serum NSE is correlated with cognitive dysfunction. The assessment of NSE holds significant importance in diagnosing cognitive dysfunction, assessing disease severity, predicting prognosis, and guiding treatment. In this review, the research progress of NSE in cognitive dysfunction was reviewed, and the value of serum NSE level in predicting disease severity and prognosis of patients with cognitive dysfunction was discussed.

A two-stage decision-making approach for optimal design and operation of integrated energy systems considering multiple uncertainties and diverse resilience needs

The enhancement of energy system resilience from a planning perspective is crucial. In this study, a two-stage resilience optimization model is developed to determine the optimal additional configuration and scheduling plan for an integrated energy system, taking into account economic costs, loss of load, and various resilience indicators. Considering the uncertainty of disaster occurrence and component vulnerability, probabilities of multiple energy interruption scenarios are introduced, and a comprehensive system configuration optimization model targeting annual energy supply cost and loss of load is developed. Following which, accounting for the personalized energy demands of end-users, three resilience indicators, namely load importance, energy interruption duration, and the maximum degree of system damage, are proposed. According to the simulation results of an illustrative example, the proposed method effectively improve system resilience. Compared to the baseline solution from pure economic perspective, the total cost increases by 0.38 %, while the load loss decreases by 6.84 %. From the demand-side viewpoints, three resilience indicators are improved by 12.17 %, 11.8 %, and 20 %, respectively. Moreover, the capacity of renewable energy is recognized as the most critical factor determining the load loss over the planning period. Storage devices are more beneficial in reducing the duration of energy interruptions and lowering the maximum damage degree.

Norfloxacin affects inorganic nitrogen compound transformation in tailwater containing Corbicula fluminea

The Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea, commonly used in engineered wetlands receiving tailwater, affects nitrogen compound transformation in water. This study investigates how a commonly observed antibiotic in tailwater, norfloxacin, impact nitrogen compound transformation in tailwater containing C. fluminea. The clam was exposed to artificial tailwater with norfloxacin (0, 0.2, 20, and 2000 μg/L) for 15 days. Water properties, C. fluminea ecotoxicity responses, microorganism composition and nitrification- or denitrification-related enzyme activities were measured. Results revealed norfloxacin-induced increases and reductions in tailwater NH4+ and NO2− concentrations, respectively, along with antioxidant system inhibition, organ histopathological damage and disruption of water filtering and digestion system. Microorganism composition, especially biodiversity indices, varied with medium (clam organs and exposure water) and norfloxacin concentrations. Norfloxacin reduced NO2− content by lowering the ratio between microbial nitrifying enzyme (decreased hydroxylamine oxidoreductase and nitrite oxidoreductase activity) and denitrifying enzyme (increased nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activity) in tailwater. Elevated NH4+ content resulted from upregulated ammonification and inhibited nitrification of microorganisms in tailwater, as well as increased ammonia emission from C. fluminea due to organ damage and metabolic disruption of the digestion system. Overall, this study offers insights into using benthic organisms to treat tailwater with antibiotic residues, especially regarding nitrogen treatment.

Multi-Objective Deep Q-Network Control for Actively Lubricated Bearings

This paper aims to study and demonstrate the possibilities of using reinforcement learning for the synthesis of multi-objective controllers for radial actively lubricated hybrid fluid film bearings (ALHBs), which are considered to be complex multi-physical systems. In addition to the rotor displacement control problem being typically solved for active bearings, the proposed approach also includes power losses due to friction and lubricant pumping in ALHBs among the control objectives to be minimized by optimizing the lubrication modes. The multi-objective controller was synthesized using the deep Q-network (DQN) learning technique. An optimal control policy was determined by the DQN agent during its repetitive interaction with the simulation model of the rotor system with ALHBs. The calculations were sped up by replacing the numerical model of an ALHB with its surrogate ANN-based counterpart and by predicting the shaft displacements in response to operation of two independent control loops. The controller synthesized considering the formulated reward function for DQN agent is able to find a stable shaft position that reduces power losses by almost half compared to the losses observed when using a passive system. It also is able to prevent the established limit of the minimum fluid film thickness being exceeded to avoid possible system damage, for example, when the rotor is unbalanced during the operation. Analysis of the development process and the results obtained allowed us to draw conclusions about the main advantages and disadvantages of the considered approach, and also allowed us to identify some important directions for further research.

FPSO/LNG hawser system lifetime assessment by Gaidai multivariate risk assessment method

Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit being an offshore vessel, storing and producing crude oil, prior to crude oil being transported by accompanying shuttle tanker. Critical mooring/hawser strains during offloading operation have to be accurately predicted, in order to maintain operational safety and reliability. During certain types of offloading, excessive hawser tensions may occur, causing operational risks. Current study examines FPSO vessel’s dynamic reactions to hydrodynamic wave-induced loads, given realistic in situ environmental conditions, utilizing the AQWA software package. Current study advocates novel multi-dimensional spatiotemporal risks assessment approach, that is particularly well suited for large dataset analysis, based on numerical simulations (or measurements). Advocated multivariate reliability methodology may be useful for a variety of marine and offshore systems that must endure severe environmental stressors during their intended operational lifespan. Methodology, presented in this study provides advanced capability to efficiently, yet accurately evaluate dynamic system failure, hazard and damage risks, given representative dynamic record of multidimensional system’s inter-correlated critical components. Gaidai risk assessment method being novel dynamic multidimensional system’s lifetime assessment methodology. In order to validate and benchmark Gaidai risk assessment method, in this study it was applied to FPSO and potentially LNG (i.e., Liquid Natural Gas) vessels dynamics. Major advantage of the advocated approach is that there are no existing alternative risk assessment methods, able to tackle unlimited number of system’s dimensions. Accurate multi-dimensional risk assessment had been carried out, based on numerically simulated data, partially verified by available laboratory experiments. Confidence intervals had been given for predicted dynamic high-dimensional system risk levels.

Analysis of YouTube-Based Therapeutic Content for Children with Cerebral Palsy.

Cerebral palsy (CP) causes movement and posture challenges due to central nervous system damage, requiring lifelong management. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was limited access to facility-based treatments, which increased the demand for home-based therapies and digital resources. We analyzed the qualitative and quantitative aspects of YouTube videos focusing on CP therapy for children. A total of 95 videos were evaluated for content quality using the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) tool and Global Quality Scale (GQS). The therapeutic program efficacy was assessed via the International Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise and Training (i-CONTENT) tool, Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise Training (CONTENT) scale, and Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT), and popularity was measured by the video power index (VPI). YouTube-based therapeutic videos for children with CP generally exhibit reliability in video content and effectiveness in therapeutic programming, and no correlations were found between video popularity and quality. However, the qualitative analysis reveals insufficient mention of uncertainty in the treatment principles within the video content as well as a lack of detailed treatment descriptions encompassing aspects such as intensity, frequency, timing, setting, outcome measurement during and post-treatment, and safety considerations within therapeutic programs. In particular, this tendency was consistent regardless of the uploader's expertise level and the classification of the neuromotor therapy type in contrast to that of the exercise type. YouTube-based content for CP children still has significant limitations in how substantive viewers, such as caregivers, can acquire tailored information and apply practical information to their exercise and treatment programs.