Synthetized Silver Nanoparticles Research Articles

Silver nanoparticles green-formulated by a medicinal plant for the treatment of pancreatic, colorectal, and gastric cancers

Pancreatic, colorectal, and gastric cancers are common cancers with severe clinical signs. Finding a new anticancer supplement or drug inside of the chemotherapeutic drug is valuable. We synthesized iron nanoparticles containing pomegranate fruit aqueous extract for investigating anti-pancreatic cancer, anti-colorectal cancer, and anti-gastric cancer, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant effects. The AgNPs synthesized using green formulation underwent characterization through FT-IR, UV–Vis, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, and XRD techniques. The UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis revealed that the nanoparticles displayed peak absorption at around 442 nm. The peaks at 77.105, 64.205, 44.180, and 37.835 corresponding to silver nanoparticles (311), (220), (200), and (111) diffraction planes, indicate the AgNPs formation. The signals at energy of 2.64 and 3.02 keV are assigned for Ag Lα and Ag Lβ. The signals 0.27 (for C Lα) and 0.52 (O Lα) prove the secondary metabolites linkage of extract to the synthetic silver nanoparticles surface. In vitro experiments, after 3–4 passages, the cancer cells (colorectal carcinoma (Ramos.2G6.4C10 and HT-29), gastric cancer (KATO III and MKN45), and pancreatic cancer (MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1)) and normal cell (HUVEC) were prepared in number and morphology terms. After separating the cells from the flask surface using trypsin-EDTA, the viability and count of the cells were evaluated. Subsequently, a total of 3 × 103 cells were cultured, with the option of including or excluding nanoparticles. IC50 of silver nanoparticles was 183, 209, 203, 218, 228, and 157 on Ramos.2G6.4C10, HT-29, KATO III, MKN45, MIA PaCa-2, and PANC-1 cancer cells. In this research, the maximum antioxidant effectiveness against DPPH was documented to be around 100 % when tested 1000 μg/ml.

Anticancer effect and laser photostability of ternary graphene oxide/chitosan/silver nanocomposites on various cancer cell lines.

Aims: The development of nanocomposites (NCs) of antitumor activity provides a new paradigm for fighting cancer. Here, a novel NC of green synthetic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), graphene oxide (GO) and chitosan (Cs) NPs was developed. Materials & methods: The prepared GO/Cs/Ag NCs were analyzed using various techniques. Cytotoxicity of the NCs was evaluated against different cancer cell lines by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Results: GO/Cs/Ag NCs are novel and highly stable. UV-Vis showedtwo peaks at 227and 469nm, indicating the decoration of AgNPs on the surface of GO/Cs NPs. All tested cell lines were affected by GO/Cs NPs and GO/Cs/Ag NCs. Conclusion: The results indicate that GO/Cs/Ag NCswere presenton tested cell lines and area promising candidate for cancer therapy.

The Reductive Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Sodium Citrate and Their Potential Medical Uses in Skin Diseases

This study investigates how silver nanoparticles develop and how they might be used as an antibacterial agent to prevent and treat wound infections. The reduction procedure was used to create silver nanoparticles—sodium citrate functions as both a lowering and a stabilizing agent. The properties of the liquid silver nanoparticles were then examined using a UV-Vis Spectrometer, a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). UV-Vis studies show that nanoparticles produced with 1% sodium citrate are the most stable. PSA and XRD analyses reveal that the smallest silver nanoparticles are approximately 8 nm, with an average size of approximately 30.2nm. According to TEM examination, silver nanoparticles with an FCC crystal structure. In studies, pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus were employed to assess how successfully the washing process inhibited bacterial growth. The quantitative research demonstrates that increasing the soaking period to 36 hours kills all germs and results in a 100% reduction. The best time to soak wound therapy linen in synthetic silver nanoparticles was 36 hours.

Comparison of green and synthetic silver nanoparticles in zein-based edible films: Shelf-life study of cold-stored turkey breasts.

This study aimed to compare the effect of zein edible film containing silver nanoparticles produced by green tea leaf extract (Z-gAgNPs) with zein film containing synthetic silver nanoparticles (Z-AgNPs) on the shelf life of turkey breast during refrigerated storage. The produced silver nanoparticles were analyzed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). According to the obtained results, the green fabricated silver nanoparticles (gAgNPs) showed higher polydispersity index (PDI), stability, homogeneity, spherical shape without cavity, and lower size compared to the synthetic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The studied treatments were divided into four groups, including 1- control (C) (turkey breast meat without packaging), 2- Z (turkey breast meat packaged with zein film), 3- Z-AgNPs (turkey breast meat packaged with zein film containing 0.5% (w/w) of AgNPs), and 4-Z-gAgNPs (turkey breast meat packaged with zein film containing 0.5% (w/w) of gAgNPs). The treatments were analyzed for 12 days with 3-day intervals in refrigerator conditions. In general, the measurement of total viable count, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and pH values showed that Z-gAgNPs film significantly (p ≤ .05) delayed the spoilage of the studied samples until the end of the 12th day of storage and Z-AgNPs, Z, and C treatments were in the next ranks, respectively. It is concluded that the biofabricated silver nanoparticles using green tea leaf extract have more appropriate physicochemical features and higher efficiency compared to the synthesized silver nanoparticles using chemical methods in zein edible films in improving the shelf life of the cold-stored turkey breast meat and can be introduced as a promising alternative to the plastic packaging.

Biyolojik Yöntemle Üretilmiş Gümüş Nanopartiküllerin In Vitro Koşullarda Digitalis purpurea Kallus ve Kök Oluşumları Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Gümüş nanopartikülleri teknolojinin farklı alanlarında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadırlar. Biyosistemler üzerinde de önemli ve faydalı etkileri bulunmaktadır. Ancak, etkileri yeterli derecede çalışılmamıştır. Biyo-AgNP’lerin in vitro koşullardaki bitki dokularının ve hücrelerinin gelişimi üzerinde arttırıcı etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeple, yüksek fiyatlı bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerine alternatif olarak kullanılabilirler. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Digitalis purpurea gövde eksplantlarında farklı konsantrasyonlardaki (0-30 mg/L) biyo-AgNP’lerin etkilerini incelemektir. Bu amaçla, kallus ve kök oluşumları ve eksplant kararmaları izlenmiştir. Biyo-AgNP’lerin kallus oluşumuna etkisi olumsuzdur. 1 mg/L biyo-AgNP içeren besin ortamı hariç, kallus oluşum yüzdelerinin hepsi kontrol grubundan daha azdır. Kök oluşum yüzdeleri, 15 ve 20 mg/L biyo-AgNP içeren besin ortamlarında (sırasıyla %42.22 ve %46.67) kontrole göre (%35.56) daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Kallus oluşumlarının tersine, kök oluşumları kararmadan olumsuz etkilenmemiştir. Bu sonuçlar in vitro koşullarda hücre çoğalması ve doku rejenerasyonunun biyo-AgNP’lerden ve onların konsantrasyon yoğunluğundan farklı şekilde etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Antibacterial potential of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Nepeta sessilifolia Bunge and Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth. extracts from the natural habitats of Iran's Rangelands

BackgroundNowadays, the use of herbal extracts for the production of nanoparticles has attracted a lot of attention due to the fast reaction, economy, and compatibility with the environment. The aim of the present study is the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from the extracts of Nepeta sessilifolia Bunge and Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth. and their antibacterial activity was measured.MethodsFor this purpose, the flowering branch of N. sessilifolia and the flower of S. hydrangea were randomly collected from three places, respectively, from the rangelands of Aqdash Mountain and Biabe in Isfahan province, Iran in May 2021. After extracting aqueous extracts by hot method, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the biological method. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles were analyzed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and FESEM-EDAX. The antibacterial effect was evaluated by diffusion method in agar and determination of minimum growth inhibitory and lethal concentration (MIC and MBC) by dilution method in liquid culture medium.ResultsBased on the results of UV–Vis spectroscopy, silver nanoparticles synthesized from N. sessilifolia and S. hydrangea had distinct absorption peaks at wavelengths of 407 to 424 nm and 414 to 415 nm, respectively. The crystalline nature of these synthetic silver nanoparticles was confirmed by XRD. FESEM analysis showed that the size of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from N. sessilifolia and S. hydrangea extracts were 10–50 nm and 10–80 nm, respectively, and were cubic. The results of diffusion in agar showed that the largest diameter of the growth inhibition zone belonging to the synthetic silver nanoparticles from both extracts of N. sessilifolia (~ 26.00 mm) and S. hydrangea (~ 23.50 mm) was against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The most vigorous killing activity by synthetic silver nanoparticles from N. sessilifolia extract was against Klebsiella pneumoniae with a value of 250 μg/mL, two times stronger than rifampin.ConclusionTherefore, the studied extracts can be suitable options for fast and safe green synthesis of silver nanoparticles effective against some bacterial strains. These synthetic silver nanoparticles can be used as possible options and have strong potential for the production of natural antibiotics.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles from the Leaf Stalk Extract of Moringa oleifera

The exploitation of plant extract as a reducing agent for synthetic silver nanoparticles has become the main focus of researchers. This study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Moringa oleifera leaf stalk extract via bio-reduction. The AgNPs were characterized through ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The research results indicated that an increase in the initial AgNO3 concentration and incubation time had affected the absorption pattern of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) trend of AgNPs. The results of the functional group analysis revealed the formation of the ketone group (1741 cm-1), which was derived from hydroxyl groups (3415 cm-1). The crystal structure of AgNPs was characterized using XRD. The estimation of the crystal measurement based on the Debye-Scherer equation was 15.59 nm, which was estimated as having a cube crystal form.

The effect of synthetic silver nanoparticles on the antibiotic resistome and the removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes in a hybrid filter system treating municipal wastewater

Engineered nanoparticles, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), are released into the environment mainly through wastewater treatment systems. Knowledge of the impact of AgNPs on the abundance and removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater treatment facilities, including constructed wetlands (CWs), is essential in the context of public health. This study evaluated the effect of increased (100-fold) collargol (protein-coated AgNPs) and ionic Ag+ in municipal wastewater on the structure, abundance, and removal efficiency of the antibiotic resistome, integron-integrase genes, and pathogens in a hybrid CW using quantitative PCR and metagenomic approaches. The abundance of ARGs in wastewater and the removal efficiency of ARGs in the hybrid system were significantly affected by higher Ag concentrations, especially with collargol treatment, resulting in an elevated ARG discharge of system effluent into the environment. The accumulated Ag in the filters had a more profound effect on the absolute and relative abundance of ARGs in the treated water than the Ag content in the water. This study recorded significantly enhanced relative abundance values for tetracycline (tetA, tetC, tetQ), sulfonamide (sul1, sul2), and aminoglycoside (aadA) resistance genes, which are frequently found on mobile genetic elements in collargol- and, to a lesser extent, AgNO3-treated subsystems. Elevated plasmid and integron-integrase gene levels, especially intI1, in response to collargol presence indicated the substantial role of AgNPs in promoting horizontal gene transfer in the treatment system. The pathogenic segment of the prokaryotic community was similar to a typical sewage community, and strong correlations between pathogen and ARG proportions were recorded in vertical subsurface flow filters. Furthermore, the proportion of Salmonella enterica was positively related to the Ag content in these filter effluents. The effect of AgNPs on the nature and characteristics of prominent resistance genes carried by mobile genetic elements in CWs requires further investigation.

Dose-dependent Effects of Bio-AgNPs on Rubia tinctorum Callus and Root Biomass

Silver nanoparticles have frequently been used in many areas of biotechnology. These nanomaterials, especially biologically synthetized silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNPs), have some beneficial effects on plant biosystems because of their ethylene-inhibiting and auxin-stimulating effects which make them practical and cost-effective alternatives for synthetic plant growth regulators. The variety of the plants’ responses to bio-AgNPs is dose-dependent, and the effects show a wide variety for every plant, explant and culture types. In our study, bio-AgNPs derived from Syzygium aromaticum flowers were used in stem cultures of Rubia tinctorum. At 0–30 mg/L concentrations, their efficacies were evaluated on the basis of biomass and chemical accumulations. Bio-AgNPs affected the growth parameters and content of biomass depending on their concentrations. The highest biomass accumulations were detected at 10 mg/L concentration (up to 3.4 times higher compared to control). Callus and root regenerations were triggered at 5 and 10 mg/L concentrations. Total phenolic concentrations were detected at the highest level (16.54 and 18.86 mg GAE/g, respectively) at 15 mg/l concentration, whereas total flavonoid concentrations were the highest at 15 and 20 mg/L concentrations (5.63 and 5.42 mg QE/g, respectively). Total antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging activity enhanced in response to bio-AgNPs. The highest total antioxidant capacity was detected at 107.53 mg AAE/g at 1 mg/L concentration in root biomass (1.6 times higher than the control). Total anthraquinone concentrations reached their highest values at 30 mg/L bio-AgNP concentration in both callus and root tissues. The results revealed that bio-AgNPs acted as elicitors or/and biomass enhancers in response to their concentrations.

Antiproliferiative Activity of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Leonotis nepetifolia (L) on Human Cancer Cell lines

Currently, nanobiotechnology is the growing science in the field of medicine employing silver nanoparticles to deliver drugs to target cancer cells and proved to be potential anticancer agents. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using leaf extract of Leonotis nepetifolia (L). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data showed a total of 13 phytochemical constituents identified from ethanolic leaf extract of Leonotis nepetifolia (L). The effect of physicochemical factors such as the reaction time, temperature, concentration of Silver nitrate, concentration of leaf extract and pH in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. For biosynthesis, the optimal conditions were 1 mM silver nitrate, 0.1 ml of leaf extract at 80° for 90 min. Ultra violet-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy; high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and various techniques characterized the synthesized AgNPs. The silver nanoparticles obtained had absorbance maxima at 398 nm, were spherical in shape, had an average particle size of 11.32 nm, polydispersity index 0.44, the zeta potential of -23.75.69 mv and were crystalline. A cytotoxicity study was conducted on two human cancer cell lines, pancreatic and ovarian, using sulforhodamine B assay. We had compared the cytotoxicity of biogenic silver nanoparticles with that of synthetic silver nanoparticles. Treatment of pancreatic and ovarian with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles inhibited the cell viability with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 25.4 μg/ml and 23.9 μg/ml. In contrast, silver nanoparticles inhibited cell viability with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 48.2 μg/ ml and 42 μg/ml, which were statistically significant (p<0.001), when compared with that of doxorubicin and Camptothecin. Leonotis nepetifolia mediated silver nanoparticles effectively reduced the proliferation of pancreatic and ovarian cancer cell lines than that of synthetic nanoparticles.

Biological activity of Green Nanoparticle Synthesized from Glycyrrhiza glabra in vitro and in vivo

Background and objective: Glycyrrhiza glabra is one of the useful medicinal plants with increasing demand for (herbal medicines, health products, pharmaceuticals). Glycyrrhiza glabra used in traditional medicine across the world for its ethnopharmacological value. Materials and Method: this study was included the evaluation of the effects of green synthetic nanoparticles of Glycyrrhiza glabra aqueous extract loaded with silver nitrate on antibacterial activity and anti-inflammatory activity through burn healing effect. The antibacterial activity of green synthetic silver nanoparticles was studied against one type of Gram-negative (E.coli) and Gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus). Also, the effects of burns healing effect of green synthetic silver nanoparticle was evaluated using albino male mice. The activity of green synthetic nanoparticle at (1.5mM) was investigated in compared with sliver sulfadiazine as positive control and negative control mice (without any treatment) by determining days require for healing. Results: the result showed that different nanoparticles concentrations (1, 1.5, 1.75, 2 mM) can inhibit the bacterial isolate with varying zones of (17, 20, 12,17mm) for Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus) and (10, 22, 10, 22mm) for Gram-negative (E.coli) at (1, 1.5, 1.75, 2mM) respectively. Also, the results showed that green synthetic nanoparticle could heal burns in 12 day compared to 14 days for sliver sulfadiazine and 18 days for negative control. Conclusion: green synthetic nanoparticle possessed antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity due to active constituents of plant.

Controlling Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV) Infection in Pepper Seedlings by Use of Chemically Synthetic Silver Nanoparticles

We investigated the roles of different concentrations of chemical synthetic spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in protecting pepper seedlings of the Mecca region, which were naturally and artificially infected by the pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). The virus shows many infection symptoms, including pepper leaf deformation with filiform leaves and severe mosaic symptoms. Our study focused on the antiviral activity of different concentrations of spherical nanoparticles in controlling PMMoV infecting pepper seedlings. PMMoV identification was confirmed via DAS-ELISA using the following antiserum: PMMoV, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), potato virus Y (PVY), and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). The presence of PMMoV was confirmed using electron microscopy and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We evaluated the effects of exogenously applied different concentrations of AgNPs on CMV infection rate, infection severity, virus concentration, and the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid content, phenolic compounds, and protein components in virus-infected plant cells that were treated with three different concentration of nanoparticles (200, 300, and 400 µg/L) compared to the positive and negative control.

Impact of synthetic silver nanoparticles on the biofilm microbial communities and wastewater treatment efficiency in experimental hybrid filter system treating municipal wastewater

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) threaten human and ecosystem health, and are among the most widely used engineered nanomaterials that reach wastewater during production, usage, and disposal phases. This study evaluated the effect of a 100-fold increase in collargol (protein-coated AgNP) and Ag+ ions concentrations in municipal wastewater on the microbial community composition of the filter material biofilms (FMB) and the purification efficiency of the hybrid treatment system consisting of vertical (VF) and horizontal (HF) subsurface flow filters. We found that increased amounts of collargol and AgNO3 in wastewater had a modest effect on the prokaryotic community composition in FMB and did not significantly affect the performance of the studied system. Regardless of how Ag was introduced, 99.9% of it was removed by the system. AgNPs and AgNO3 concentrations did not significantly affect the purification efficiency of the system. AgNO3 induced a higher increase in the genetic potential of certain Ag resistance mechanisms in VFs than collargol; however, the increase in Ag resistance potential was similar for both substances in HF. Hence, the microbial community composition in biofilms of vertical and horizontal flow filters is largely resistant, resilient, or functionally redundant in response to AgNPs addition in the form of collargol.

Bio Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Lantana camara Seed Extract and its Antibacterial Potential

In this research, a Lantana camara seed extract was employed for easily and sustainably synthesis of silver nanocomposites. Aqueous silver ions reduced when exposed to seed extract, which led to the biogenesis of silver nanoparticles. The reduced silver nanoparticles were examined utilizing a multiple of methods, including transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Absorption peak at 415 nm in the UV-vis absorption spectral analysis of the synthesized silver nanoparticles provided evidence that silver nanoparticles had formed. The FCC crystalline structure of the produced L. camara leaf extract silver nanoparticles is revealed by X-ray diffraction spectra analysis. The development of Gram-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-negative Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is repressed by green synthetic silver nanoparticles made from L. camara seed extract. The antibacterial activity that has been observed may have significant uses in biology, pharmacy, and economics.

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Ethanol Extract of Sappan Wood

Silver nanoparticles had been synthesized through the reduction process using an ethanol extract of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as a bioreductor. The variation of the formula used is a mixture of the ethanol extract of sappan wood with a 2 mM AgNO3 solution in a volume ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The results showed that the UV-Visible spectrophotometry confirmed that the volume ratio of 1:1 was the optimum formula with an absorbance value of 1.243 at the maximum wavelength of 446 nm. Particle size analysis using Zetasizer Nano ZS revealed that the synthetized silver nanoparticles had a particle size of 618.1 nm. The hydroxyl group (OH) had a important role in the nanoparticle formation process, according to functional group characterization using FTIR. Due to silver nanoparticles tendency to agglomerate, the SEM image of the silver nanoparticles showed a variety of sizes and forms.

Antimicrobial Effect of Eco- Friendly Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis by Iraqi Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on Gram-Negative Biofilm-Forming Bacteria

Date palm silver nanoparticles are a green synthesis method used as antibacterial agents. Today, there is a considerable interest in it because it is safe, nontoxic, low costly and ecofriendly. Biofilm bacteria existing in marketed local milk is at highly risk on population health and may be life-threatening as most biofilm-forming bacteria are multidrug resistance. The goal of current study is to eradicate biofilm-forming bacteria by alternative treatment green synthesis silver nanoparticles. The biofilm formation by bacterial isolates was detected by Congo red method. The silver nanoparticles were prepared from date palm(khestawy) fruit extract. The formed nanoparticles were characterized with UV-Vis and AFM. The antibacterial activity of synthetic silver nanoparticles was evaluated by agar well diffusion method. Gram-negative bacteria isolates were E. coli in 3 isolates and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 5 isolates and all are biofilm producer. The size of synthetic green silver nanoparticles is 18 nm and the generation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by change of date extract color from yellow to brown with an absorption maximum at 410 nm. Highly antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was recorded in comparison to plant extract and silver nitrate against gram-negative biofilm-forming bacteria. From this study, the antibacterial activity of date palm silver nanoparticles was more efficient to eradicate gram negative biofilm[1]forming bacteria isolated from marketed local milk

English

Spillage of protoscoleces within hydatid fluid during surgery for hydatid cyst is the main reason for its recurrence. Therefore, to inactivate the protoscoleces, various scolicidal substances have been tested. However, novel and more efficient agents are needed owing to several associated complications. This study focused on the effects of green synthetic Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Zizyphus spina- christi leaves on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. Also, to evaluate the blood compatibility of Ag NPs. The Ag NPs were identified by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Visible) spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy imaging, and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Hydatid fluid was aspirated aseptically from cysts of infected sheep liver. The protoscoleces were exposed to Ag NPs at several concentrations. Also, scanning electron microscopy for ultrastructural changes and in vitro erythrocytes lysis was performed. The Ag NPs were spherical; the particles' size reached 50 nm, and presented a surface plasmon peak around 460 nm. The current study's findings indicated the powerful in vitro scolicidal efficacy of the green biosynthesized AgNPs. Several morphological alterations were observed on the protoscoleces by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Lysis of RBCs at different doses of Ag NPs was significantly (P≤0.05) less than the positive control value, thus proposing its biocompatibility. This work suggests that chemicals like polyphenols present in the extract of Z. spina- christi act as reducing and stabilizers agents to create Ag NPs Nevertheless, further investigations are needed to investigate the Ag NPs scolicidial effects in animal models.

Laser-scribed graphene nanofiber decorated with oil palm lignin capped silver nanoparticles: a green biosensor

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), requires a high level of attention and is one of the most infectious diseases in the air. Present methods of diagnosing TB remain ineffective owing to their low sensitivity and time consumption. In this study, we produced a green graphene nanofiber laser biosensor (LSG-NF) decorated with oil palm lignin-based synthetic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The resulting composite morphology was observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, which revealed the effective adaptation of the AgNPs to the LSG-NF surface. The successful attachment of AgNPs and LSG-NFs was also evident from X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy studies. In order to verify the sensing efficiency, a selective DNA sample captured on AgNPs was investigated for specific binding with M.tb target DNA through selective hybridisation and mismatch analysis. Electrochemical impedance studies further confirmed sensitive detection of up to 1 fM, where a detection limit of 10−15 M was obtained by estimating the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 3:1) as 3σ. Successful DNA immobilisation and hybridisation was confirmed by the detection of phosphorus and nitrogen peaks based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The stability and repeatability of the analysis were high. This approach provides an affordable potential sensing system for the determination of M. tuberculosis biomarker and thus provides a new direction in medical diagnosis.

Effect of greenly synthetized silver nanoparticles on the properties of active starch films obtained by extrusion and compression molding

Replacing packaging plastics with biodegradable active materials is an emerging concern. In this context, thermoplastic starch (TPS) films and nanocomposites containing different concentrations of silver nanoparticles synthetized with starch and yerba mate (TPS-AgNP1: 0.006 wt.% and TPS-AgNP2: 0.015 wt.%) were developed by extrusion and compression molding. Spherical AgNP of 20−130 nm were obtained after the green synthesis and excellent adhesion between AgNP and the matrix was observed. Consequently, both composites exhibited higher stiffness and tensile strength values than TPS, indicating a reinforcing effect of AgNP. TPS-AgNP1 showed the highest strain at break and toughness values, and TPS-AgNP2 presented the lowest moisture content and ability to delay E. coli growth. Additionally, all materials disintegrated after 4 weeks of burial and resulted thermally stable up to 240 °C. This investigation provides a convenient and inexpensive way to develop starch-based nanocomposites with improved properties which appear to be promising as active packaging materials.

AgNPs@ZIF‐8 Hybrid Material‐Modified Polyethersulfone Microfiltration Membranes for Antibiofouling Property and Permeability Improvement

AbstractMembrane fouling is a major hindrance to the effective application of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. Synthetic silver nanoparticles @ zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (AgNPs@ZIF‐8) hybrid crystals were used to modify the PES microfiltration membranes for mitigating membrane fouling and better water permeability. The surface modification of AgNPs@ZIF‐8 hybrid crystals improved the antifouling property of the membranes. The number of live bacteria in the bacteria suspension was over 90 % less than that of control membranes. Furthermore, after surface modification, the membrane permeability was enhanced, which was due to increased surface hydrophilization of the membranes which could partly explain the improved antifouling property. The results demonstrate that the use of AgNPs@ZIF‐8 hybrid crystals is a feasible and attractive approach for the development of antifouling membranes.