Synthetic Food Research Articles

The potential therapeutic value of terpenes

Terpenes form part of a huge and diverse class of naturally occurring and volatile secondary metabolites produced by many plants, fruits, animals, insects, and other organisms. They are the largest group of naturally occurring metabolites, with over 55,000 types of terpenes produced by plants alone, primarily as essential oils. In humans, they contain significant biological properties such as antifungal, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antihyperglycemic, anti-cancer, and analgesic agents. In plants, terpenes also play significant roles in defensive mechanisms against herbivores and invasive plants, disease resistance, chemical signaling and communication between plants, protection against photo-oxidation, plant-environment mediation, thermo-protection, and the attraction of pollinators. In addition, terpenes are responsible for a plant’s scent, taste, flavor, and pigmentation, leading to their commercial use as fragrances and food dyes. Terpenes are also used in the production of synthetic polymers, natural rubbers (polyisoprene), organic solvents, varnishes, inks, adhesives, cleaning products, biofuels, pesticides, and food and drink products. For these reasons, terpenes have significant value in modern medicine, pharmacy, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and other industries.

Comparison of the effect of Sunset yellow on the stomach and small intestine of developmental period of mice

Sunset Yellow (SY), a synthetic food dye, is widely used in the food industry worldwide. The acceptable daily dosage for SY is 2.5 mg/kg/bw in humans. If SY is consumed in overdosage, it may cause histopathological effects in several organs. Studies in the literature about the effects of SY on growth and development in mammals are contradictory, and there are not enough of them. The investigation aims to determine SY's effects on the stomach and small intestine in different age groups of mice using histological methods. Control and treatment groups were created via mice aged 4, 8, and 10 weeks (n = 6). SY was administered by gavage at a level of 30 mg/kg/bw for 28 days to treatment groups. On the last day of the study, the mice were weighed and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Stomach and small intestine tissues were removed from mice and transferred to 10 % formaldehyde. After passing through alcohol and xylene series and staining with Hematoxylin-Eosin, the tissues were evaluated under light and electron microscopy. The mean body weight (p = 0.01), mean stomach weight (p = 0.03), and mean small intestine weight were increased (p = 0.02) in treatment groups. In these groups, ruptures, fractures, and hemorrhage were detected in the small intestine tissue. In the stomach tissue, necrotic areas and hemorrhage were detected among the epithelial cells. The degenerations were more advanced in the weaning group. SY may be more harmful during weaning and puberty, but additional long-term studies are needed on the subject.

HPLC analysis of synthetic dyes in wastewater

The analysis of synthetic dyes in wastewater is an urgent task of modern analytical chemistry since an increased content of dyes in wastewater can have an adverse effect on the environment. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) is often used to control the content of dyes in various objects, which makes it possible to reliably determine the content of specified substances. The purpose of this work was to create and evaluate the metrological characteristics for the method of analysis of synthetic dyes in the industrial wastewater with a high content of inorganic salts. The chromatographic system used in this work was a Knauer high-pressure pump. The separation was performed on a Kromasil 100-5-C18 (w) reverse phase column (4.6 × 250 mm) in the gradient elution mode. Acetonitrile and ammonium acetate solution were used as the mobile phase. Synthetic dyes were detected on an Azura diode array detector. The paper presents the results of concentrating 10 synthetic dyes on commercially available solid phase extraction cartridges that were suitable for working with aqueous solutions with a high content of inorganic salts. For each substance, the degree of concentration from distilled and model wastewater was calculated, which varied from 2 to 98%. Among the analysed cartridges, the highest degree of concentration during operation in conditions close to real wastewater was shown by the Diapak P cartridge, at a pH of the concentrated solution equal to 4. The results of this study were used to develop and validate a method for a simultaneous detection of 10 synthetic food dyes (SFD) (E102, E104, E110, E122, E124, E129, E131, E133, E142, E151) in aqueous and organic solutions. The results of the study can be used to provide analytical control of the content of synthetic dyes in the industrial wastewater. The limit of intermediate precision of the method did not exceed 5%, and the expanded uncertainty of the measurements was less than 10%.

Synthetic Colors in Food: A Warning for Children's Health.

This study addressed the harmful effects of artificial colors in pediatric populations, including children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as well as those without behavioral disorders. There is a consensus that synthetic food colorings have several impacts on consumers, especially pediatrics, due to their influence on sensory appeal, which can encourage preference for certain foods. The results revealed that these color additives are directly linked to a series of health problems, with a greater impact on children, including a predisposition to pathological conditions such as carcinogenic, allergenic, mutagenic, cytotoxic, and clastogenic activities, as well as gastrointestinal and respiratory problems, in addition to behavioral changes in children with and without diagnosed disorders. The harms of synthetic dyes in children with or without comorbidities are worrying and require a careful and proactive approach from parents, caregivers and public authorities.

Synthesis of Bio-Base Fluorescence Carbon Dots for Selective Detection of Tartrazine and Sunset Yellow in Food Samples.

A green, economical and simple method for the preparation of water-soluble, high-fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) has been developed via hydrothermal process using pomelo peels as carbon source. The synthesized CQDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV - vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results reveal that the as-prepared C-dots were spherical shape with an average diameter of 2.64nm and emit bright blue photoluminescence (PL) with a quantum yield of approximately 3.63%. The surface of the C-dots was rich in hydroxyl groups and presented various merits including excellent photostability, low toxicity, and satisfactory solubility. Additionally, we found that two widely used synthetic food colorants, tartrazine and sunset yellow, could result in a strong fluorescence quenching of the C-dots, The possible mechanisms are caused by different ratios of inner filter and static quenching effects. According to this property, This study attempts to establish an analytical method for the determination of tartrazine and sunset yellow using carbon quantum dots as fluorescent probe. A linear relationship was found in the range of 0-100 µM tartrazine and sunset yellow with the detection limit(3σ/k) of 0.65 nM and 1.7 nM. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.5% (tartrazine) and 3.0% (sunset yellow).This observation was further successfully applied for the determination of tartrazine and sunset yellow in food samples collected from local markets, and the recovery rates of the two ranges from 79% to 117.8 and 81 -103.5%, respectively. suggesting its great potential toward food routine analysis.

A Novel Flow Injection Method with Chemiluminescence Detection for the Determination of Carmoisine in Gelatin Desserts.

Carmoisine dye, a red azo food colorant commonly utilized to impart a red color to synthetic food products, is the subject of this study. Here, we present a novel reversed flow injection analysis with a chemiluminescence detection (FIA-CL) method employing a newly developed homemade flow cell to determine carmoisine dye. This developed method is based on the inhibition effect of the dye on the chemiluminescence light (CL) emission generated from a luminal-hypochlorite system, whereby the reduction in CL intensity correlates directly with the concentration of carmoisine dye. Investigations into various analytical parameters were conducted to enhance method efficiency and applicability. A linear calibration graph of 4.0 to 100.0µg mL-1 was established (R² = 0.9993), with a detection limit of LOD = 2.93µg mL-1. Subsequent application of the proposed method to analyze gelatine dessert samples yielded results in reasonable agreement with those obtained using the reported HPLC method, as evidenced by student t-test and F-test analyses.

Yellow and Red Synthetic Food Dyes and Potential Health Hazards: A Mini Review

Synthetic dyes are widely used in the food industry to maintain or restore the colour of food during processing or storage, the azo ones occupying the first place in terms of the extent of use. Compared to dyes obtained from natural sources, synthetic ones present relevant advantages, such as higher stability and lower cost. Despite these advantages, their use has been linked to side effects, such as allergic reactions, carcinogenic effects, behavioural and neurocognitive effects, but also medium and long-term toxicity. In this context, this review describes the most used yellow and red synthetic dyes, namely Tartrazine, Quinoline Yellow, Sunset Yellow FCF, Carmoisine/Azorubine, Amaranth, Ponceau 4R, Allura Red AC, as well as their applications in food products. Moreover, it aims to provide current data on the toxicity issues and the possible negative effects on children's behaviour of these dyes, based on the evaluations previously carried out by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), but also on subsequent studies available in the literature.

Role of biochar addition to improve anaerobic membrane bioreactors to resist oil stress in synthetic food wastewater treatment

This study investigated biochar addition to improve the performance and stability of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to resist different oil contents in food wastewater treatment. Results show that an increase in oil content in synthetic food wastewater from 2 to 4 g/L of oleate-Na aggravated AnMBR performance in terms of methane (CH4) production and membrane fouling as showed by an obvious increase in transmembrane pressure (TMP). The reduced performance was caused by the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) to inhibit the growth and activity of Methanobacterium in response to increased oil content. Nevertheless, biochar addition improved AnMBR resistance to against oil increase. The dominance of Methanobacterium and their potential mutualism with genus T78 were enhanced by biochar to sustain CH4 yield. Moreover, biochar reduced the production of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) to alleviate membrane fouling.

The Printability of Wool Fabric with Synthetic Food Dyes

The Printability of Wool Fabric with Synthetic Food Dyes

Determination of the effects of sunset yellow on mouse liver and pancreas using histological methods.

Sunset Yellow (SY) is an azo synthetic food dye. Although the amount of SY consumed varies in different periods of life, it increases especially in children and adolescents. It may cause pathologic effects in organs at early ages. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of SY on the liver and pancreas of mice of different age groups using histological methods. The study included Swiss albino mice that were divided into three treatment groups and three control groups based on age (4, 8, and 10weeks old), with six mice in each group (n=6/group). SY was administered at 30mg/kg/bw/week orally for 28days to treatment groups. The liver and pancreas tissues were kept in 10% formaldehyde, then passed through alcohol and xylene series and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. They were evaluated using light and electron microscopy. In SY groups, the mean body weight (p: 0.026) and the mean liver weight (p: 0.013) of the mice increased, and their mean pancreas weight decreased (p: 0.045).The numbers of degenerative cells in the liver tissues of the mice in the SY groups were high. Severe dilation in the sinusoids and haemorrhages focused around the Vena Cava were detected. In the pancreatic tissues of the SY groups, increases in fibroblasts and lymphocytic infiltration were observed. Pathologies interpreted as chronic pancreatitis were more intense in the weaning group (4weeks old). SY may be more harmful at an early age, and it may be beneficial to limit its use during this period.

Cinnamaldehyde: An effective component of Cinnamomum cassia inhibiting Helicobacter pylori

Ethnopharmacological relevanceCinnamomum cassia Presl (Cinnamomum cassia) is a common traditional Chinese medicine, which can promote the secretion and digestion of gastric juice, improve the function of gastrointestinal tract. Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is a synthetic food flavoring in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Aim of the studyThis study aimed to search for the active ingredient (CA) of inhibiting H. pylori from Cinnamomum cassia, and elucidate mechanism of action, so as to provide the experimental basis for the treatment of H. pylori infection with Cinnamomum cassia. Materials and methodsIt's in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties were evaluated based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and an acute gastric inflammation model in mice infected with H. pylori. Drug safety was evaluated using the CCK8 method and high-dose administration in mice. The advantageous characteristics of CA in inhibiting H. pylori were confirmed using acidic conditions and in combination with the antibiotics. The mechanism underlying the action of CA on H. pylori was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), adhesion experiments, biofilm inhibition tests, ATP and ROS release experiments, and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) screening of target proteins. The protein function and target genes were verified by molecular docking and Real-Time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). ResultsThe results demonstrated that CA was found to be the main active ingredient against H. pylori in Cinnamomum cassia in-vitro tests, with a MIC of 8–16 μg/mL. Moreover, CA effectively inhibited both sensitive and resistant H. pylori strains. The dual therapy of PPI + CA exhibited remarkable in vivo efficacy in the acute gastritis mouse model, superior to the standard triple therapy. DARTS, molecular docking, and qRT-PCR results suggested that the target sites of action were closely associated with GyrA, GyrB, AtpA, and TopA, which made DNA replication and transcription impossible, then leading to inhibition of bacterial adhesion and colonization, suppression of biofilm formation, and inhibition ATP and enhancing ROS. ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the suitability of CA as a promising lead drug against H. pylori, The main mechanisms can target GyrA ect, leading to reduce ATP and produce ROS, which induces the apoptosis of bacterial.

Cellulose nanofibre films as a substitute for plastic packaging: A comparative environmental life cycle assessment

Accumulation of synthetic food packaging in the natural environment has increased considerably in last few decades, posing serious concerns to human and aquatic life. Hence, substituting synthetic packaging with biobased packaging is one viable option. Cellulose nanofibres can easily be transformed into films, which could be a suitable alternative for petroleum-derived packaging. However, production of these films consumes a significant amount of energy as compared with the synthetic packaging. The main contributors for this high energy consumption are associated with the treatment of pulp, production of fibres and drying of films. This study analyzes the environmental impacts (in terms of energy and water) of spray deposited cellulose nanofibre films and its key drivers through an attributional cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment. Different scenarios were formulated and studied in terms of waste feedstock choice, solid content, forming composite of cellulose nanofibres, and location (Australia, China, Germany, Great Britain and United States of America). The results indicate that the environmental impacts of spray deposited cellulose nanofibre films based on a baseline scenario for a large-scale production were still higher as compared with petroleum-based synthetic packaging. However, establishing a recommended scenario from the studied scenarios could lower the environmental impacts significantly (two to five times) in comparison to synthetic food packaging. This life cycle assessment model has the potential to support the reduction of the environmental impact of the studied green chemistry option and to accelerate the transition towards more sustainable packaging.

Mechanism and Effect of Amino Acids on Lactic Acid Production in Acidic Fermentation of Food Waste

Amino acids, particularly the ones that cannot be synthesised during fermentation, are reportedly to be key nutrients for anaerobic fermentation processes, and some of the acids are also intermediate products of anaerobic fermentation of protein-rich waste. To date, particularly, there is a lack of research on the effects of some amino acids, such as cysteine, glycine, aspartic acid, and valine, on lactic production from the fermentation of food waste and also the mechanisms involved in the process. Thus, this study investigated the effects of the four different amino acids on lactic acid production during the acidic anaerobic fermentation of food waste. Firstly, batch experiments on synthetic food waste at different pHs (4.0, 5.0, and 6.0) were executed. The results harvested in this study showed that higher LA concentrations and yields could be obtained at pH 5.0 and pH 6.0, compared with those at pH 4.0. The yield of lactic acid was slightly lower at pH 5.0 than at pH 6.0. Furthermore, caustic consumption at pH 5.0 was much lower. Therefore, we conducted batch experiments with additions of different amino acids (cysteine, glycine, aspartic acid, and valine) under pH 5.0. The additions of the four different amino acids showed different or even opposite influences on LA production. Glycine and aspartic acids presented no noticeable effects on lactic acid production, but cysteine evidently enhanced the lactic acid yield of food waste by 13%. Cysteine addition increased α-glucosidase activity and hydrolysis rate and simultaneously enhanced the abundance of Lactobacillus at the acidification stage as well as lactate dehydrogenase, which also all favoured lactic acid production. However, the addition of valine evidently reduced lactic acid yield by 18%, and the results implied that valine seemingly inhibited the conversion of carbohydrate. In addition, the low abundance of Lactobacillus was observed in the tests with valine, which appeared to be detrimental to lactic acid production. Overall, this study provides a novel insight into the regulation of lactic acid production from anaerobic fermentation of food waste by adding amino acids under acidic fermentation conditions.

Comparison of different methods for extraction of phycocyanin from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira maxima (Spirulina)

Phycocyanin is an interesting alternative to synthetic food colorants. Various methods to obtain phycocyanin from Arthrospira (Spirulina) biomass have been described in the literature, including ultrasonication, glass bead extraction and freeze-thawing. In this study, three optimized procedures were implemented to assess their efficacy in obtaining phycocyanin from Arthrospira maxima biomass, facilitating a comparative analysis of their effectiveness. After harvesting the biomass, extraction processes were conducted utilizing ultrasonication followed by flocculation with chitosan in various organic acid solutions, as well as glass bead extraction and freeze-thawing techniques, each followed by centrifugation. The obtained extracts were analyzed spectrophotometrically across the wavelength range of 280 to 800 nm. The freeze-thawing method yielded the highest C-PC contents at 17.03 ± 0.53%, followed closely by the ultrasonication method at 15.21 ± 0.41%. The highest purity of 2.02 ± 0.01 was attained through ultrasonication and subsequent flocculation with chitosan in acetic acid. Conversely, employing chitosan dissolved in citric or lactic acid for flocculation resulted in greenish extracts containing high amounts of chlorophyll.

Sunset Yellow induced biochemical and histopathological alterations in rat brain sub-regions

Sunset Yellow, a synthetic orange azo food dye was examined in this study for its impact on the Wistar rat brain sub-regions. The dye was administered orally to weanling rats at the Acceptable Daily Intake level (4 mg/kg/bw) for 40 days, and brain sub-regions viz., frontal cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus were examined for biochemical and histopathological changes. The results showed a significant decrease in tissue protein levels, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity, as well as a significant increase in lipid peroxide levels in all brain sub-regions. Glutathione-S-transferase and Glutathione Reductase activities decreased, while Glutathione peroxidase activity increased. The biogenic amine levels and Acetylcholinesterase activity were also altered, with the frontal cortex and hippocampus being the most affected. Additionally, the dye caused histopathological damage in all brain sub-regions examined. This study indicates that the ADI level of Sunset Yellow may adversely affect brain tissue by causing oxidative damage.

Sunset Yellow dye effects on gut microbiota, intestinal integrity, and the induction of inflammasomopathy with pyroptotic signaling in male Wistar rats

Although concern persists regarding possible adverse effects of consumption of synthetic azo food dyes, the mechanisms of any such effects remain unclear. We have tested the hypothesis that chronic consumption of the food dye Sunset Yellow (SY) perturbs the composition of the gut microbiota and alters gut integrity. Male rats were administered SY orally for 12 weeks. Analysis of fecal samples before and after dye administration demonstrated SY-induced microbiome dysbiosis. SY treatment reduced the abundance of beneficial taxa such as Treponema 2, Anaerobiospirillum, Helicobacter, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, and Prevotellaceae UCG-003, while increasing the abundance of the potentially pathogenic microorganisms Prevotella 2 and Oribacterium. Dysbiosis disrupted gut integrity, altering the jejunal adherens junction complex E-cadherin/β-catenin and decreasing Trefoil Factor (TFF)-3. SY administration elevated LPS serum levels, activated the inflammatory inflammasome cascade TLR4/NLRP3/ASC/cleaved-activated caspase-1 to mature IL-1β and IL-18, and activated caspase-11 and gasdermin-N, indicating pyroptosis and increased intestinal permeability. The possibility that consumption of SY by humans could have effects similar to those that we have observed in rats should be examined.

Nanopore analysis of cis-diols in fruits

Natural fruits contain a large variety of cis-diols. However, due to the lack of a high-resolution sensor that can simultaneously identify all cis-diols without a need of complex sample pretreatment, direct and rapid analysis of fruits in a hand-held device has never been previously reported. Nanopore, a versatile single molecule sensor, can be specially engineered to perform this task. A hetero-octameric Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A (MspA) nanopore modified with a sole phenylboronic acid (PBA) adapter is prepared. This engineered MspA accurately recognizes 1,2-diphenols, alditols, α-hydroxy acids and saccharides in prune, grape, lemon, different varieties of kiwifruits and commercial juice products. Assisted with a custom machine learning program, an accuracy of 99.3% is reported and the sample pretreatment is significantly simplified. Enantiomers such as DL-malic acids can also be directly identified, enabling sensing of synthetic food additives. Though demonstrated with fruits, these results suggest wide applications of nanopore in food and drug administration uses.

Evaluating the Impact of Various Treatment Modalities on the Chewing Efficiency of Anterior Disc Displacements of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Cases: A Comparative Study.

Internal disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is identified by an anomaly between the condylar-disc assembly, which, in many cases, may lead to discomfort and malfunction of the chewing function. The study's objective was to assess the effects of four distinct treatment approaches on temporomandibular disorder cases with anterior disc displacements focusing on their chewing efficiency. One hundred participants suffering from reducible TMJ disc displacement were selected for enrollment in the study. Subjects were divided equally into four groups: group I patients were treated with behavioral therapy; group II patients were treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT); group III patients were treated with anterior repositioning splints; and group IV patients were treated with flat plane splints. Chewing efficiency was assessed utilizing the fractional sieving method and a synthetic food substitute was created using silicon impression material. The statistical analysis encompassed comparisons of chewing efficiency between groups and between baseline and posttreatment within each group, employing analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t tests, respectively. Using the paired t test, a significant difference in chewing efficiency values as expressed by the median particle size was observed between the baseline and 6-month values in all groups (P < 0.05), except for group I where no significant change was noted over the 6 months (P > 0.05). The one-way ANOVA test revealed a statistically significant difference among groups following therapies (P ˂ 0.05). The post hoc Tukey test was employed for pairwise comparisons and revealed statistically significant variances in the main values of chewing efficiency among all groups at a 95% confidence level (P ˂ 0.05). The study's results suggest that occlusal splints and LLLT are more effective in improving chewing efficiency than behavioral interventions.

Effect of Andaliman Fruit Extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) on The Liver of Tartrazine Induced Rat (Rattus norvegicus L.)

Effect of tartrazine as synthetic food coloring that is consumed for long time has a toxic effect by free radicals in large quantities creating an imbalance in body and triggering disturbances, namely liver function. Free radicals can be minimized with antioxidants so they can reduce free radicals in body. Antioxidants can be found in all types of plants, one of which is Andaliman fruit. The purpose of this study was to determine effect ethanol extract of Andaliman fruit on SGOT-SGPT levels and histology of tartrazine-induced white rats. The research design used 25 white rats with 5 treatments and 5 replications for 30 days. Negative control group induced by 1% CMC, positive control induced by tartrazine 15 mg/kg BW, treatment groups 1, 2, 3 induced by tartrazine 15 mg/kg BW and ethanol extract andaliman fruit 150 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW, and 450 mg/kg BW. The stages in this study were screening for phytochemicals, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity as well as measurement of SGOT-SGPT levels and observation of liver histology. Data were analyzed using one way Anova and Duncan's further test. Results showed that phytochemical screening of Andaliman fruit extract contained flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and tannins. Total flavonoid content in extract was 7.8163 mgQE/g extract. And level antioxidant activity in the extract has an IC50 value of 102.35 ppm. The results of this study also showed that the extract had an effect on decreasing levels of SGOT-SGPT and could minimize liver histological damage after being induced by tartrazine. Keywords: Andaliman, tartrazine, SGOT-SGPT, liver histology

Isotherm and Kinetic Studies on Adsorption of Yellow Azo Dyes (Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine) using &lt;i&gt;Kigelia africana&lt;/i&gt; (Lam.) Benth., Leaf Extract Mediated Iron Nanoparticles

Sunset yellow and tartrazine are commonly used azo dyes extensively employed in beverages and food products such as soda, fruit juices, confectionery, and cakes. These dyes hold the distinction of being the second and third most frequently utilized colour additives in a wide array of beverage products. The discharge of these synthetic food dyes into industrial wastewater can lead to significant environmental and health issues. Due to its aromatic structure, this dye is resistant to breaking down into harmless compounds, and its removal through effective adsorption presents an economical and efficient solution. The use of renewable bioresources for the eco-friendly production of metallic nanoparticles represents a recent and growing trend in nanotechnology research, offering enhanced environmental safety. In this current research, we achieved the green and cost-effective synthesis of monodispersed Iron Nanoparticles (FeNPs) with exceptional stability by utilizing an aqueous extract of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth is the primary bioresource for this synthesis. The FeNPs were noticed to be uniformly distributed spherical-shaped particles having smooth surfaces with a 26-34 nm size range and an average particle size of 28 ± 0.86 nm. The XRD results confirm that the FeNPs were rhombohedral phase structures with 71.43% of elemental iron. These synthesized nanoparticles were applied for the removal of sunset yellow and tartrazine dyes were investigated and more than 90% were removed. The adsorption isotherm study was best fitted with the Langmuir model, and the maximal adsorption capacity was found to be 76.29 and 47.22 mg/g for sunset yellow and tartrazine respectively. The adsorption reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient. Repeated cycles of regeneration, reuse and stability showed very high removal efficiency and stability. In conclusion, the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles demonstrates substantial promise for applications in environmental protection.