Synthesis Of Xanthenes Research Articles

Synthesis of Novel Tetracationic Ammonium Salts and Their Applications as Catalyst for the Synthesis of Xanthenes, Benzoxanthenes and Bis(indolyl)methanes in Water

Synthesis of Novel Tetracationic Ammonium Salts and Their Applications as Catalyst for the Synthesis of Xanthenes, Benzoxanthenes and Bis(indolyl)methanes in Water

Synthesis and characterization of novel binuclear task-specific ionic liquid: an efficient and sustainable sulfonic-functionalized ionic liquid for one-pot synthesis of xanthenes

A new binuclear sulfonic-functionalized ionic liquid was synthesized in two steps and its dual solvent-catalytic activity was studied for the synthesis of a variety of xanthenes under mild conditions. The simple experimental and sustainable procedure, good yield of the desired products within short reaction times, and recyclability of the ionic liquid are some advantages of the present strategy, and the current work shows the great importance of task-specific ionic liquids in organic synthesis.

Effective preparation of amine-functionalized nano magnetite as a precursor of novel solid acid catalyst for one-pot synthesis of xanthenes under solvent-free conditions

Abstract In this work, a facile route was developed for the preparation of amine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles by co-precipitation method. These amine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles were sulfonated and then used as novel heterogeneous acid catalyst and their catalytic activities were investigated in the green synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes under thermal and solvent free conditions. The catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA and VSM. Also, the catalyst could be recovered easily and reused several times without any significant loss of its catalytic activity.

Synthesis of Natural Clay Supported Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Synthesis of Xanthenes

Synthesis of Natural Clay Supported Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Synthesis of Xanthenes

Structural, photocatalytic, biological and catalytic properties of SnO2/TiO2 nanoparticles

TiO2 and SnO2/TiO2 nanoparticles with different SnO2 contents (0–20wt%) were synthesized via surfactant-assisted sol-gel method using a cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB). The effects of SnO2 content on the structural, optical, and catalytic activity of TiO2 have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR) and UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). The total surface acidity of the prepared samples was measured by nonaqueous titration of n-butylamine in acetonitrile and the types of Brönsted and Lewis acid sites were distinguish using FTIR spectra of chemisorbed pyridine. XRD patterns analysis indicates that the crystallite size reduced remarkably and the transformation of anatase-to-rutile phase accelerated greatly with increasing the SnO2 content. TEM images exhibit a spherical shape with an average particle size varying in the range 10–24nm and high-resolution TEM images (HRTEM) show lattice fringes with interplanar spacing 0.35nm and 0.32nm which corresponding to anatase and rutile phases, respectively. SEM images show the amount of SnO2 on the TiO2 surface increases with increasing the SnO2 content and the particles of SnO2 were aggregated on TiO2 surface with increasing SnO2 content to 20% wt. The catalytic activity was tested by various applications: Photodegradation of Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) under UV–vis irradiations and synthesis of xanthene (14-phenyl-14H-dibenzo [a,j] xanthene). Antibacterial and antioxidant activities were also studied. The antibacterial property test was carried out via agar disc diffusion method, and the results indicated that the prepared catalysts showed moderate antibacterial activity.

Natural phosphate-supported Cu(ii), an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of xanthene and 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives.

Cu(NO3)2 supported on natural phosphate, Cu(ii)/NP, was prepared by co-precipitation and applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for synthesizing xanthenes (2–3 h, 85–97%) through Knoevenagel–Michael cascade reaction of aromatic aldehydes with 1,3-cyclic diketones in ethanol under refluxing conditions. It was further used for regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles (1–25 min, 95–99%) via a three-component reaction between organic halides, aromatic alkynes and sodium azide in methanol at room temperature. The proposed catalyst, Cu(ii)/NP, was characterized using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Barrett–Joyner–Halenda and inductively coupled plasma analyses. Compared to other reports in literature, the reactions took place through a simple co-precipitation, having short reaction time (<3 hours), high reaction yield (>85%), and high recyclability of catalyst (>5 times) without significant decrease in the inherent property and selectivity of catalyst. The proposed protocols provided significant economic and environmental advantages.

Greener Route for Synthesis of aryl and alkyl-14H-dibenzo [a.j] xanthenes using Graphene Oxide-Copper Ferrite Nanocomposite as a Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst

A facile, efficient and environmentally-friendly protocol for the synthesis of xanthenes by graphene oxide based nanocomposite (GO-CuFe2O4) has been developed by one-pot condensation route. The nanocomposite was designed by decorating copper ferrite nanoparticles on graphene oxide (GO) surface via a solution combustion route without the use of template. The as-synthesized GO-CuFe2O4 composite was comprehensively characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, EDX, HRTEM with EDS mapping, XPS, N2 adsorption-desorption and ICP-OES techniques. This nanocomposite was then used in an operationally simple, cost effective, efficient and environmentally benign synthesis of 14H-dibenzo xanthene under solvent free condition. The present approach offers several advantages such as short reaction times, high yields, easy purification, a cleaner reaction, ease of recovery and reusability of the catalyst by a magnetic field. Based upon various controlled reaction results, a possible mechanism for xanthene synthesis over GO-CuFe2O4 catalyst was proposed. The superior catalytic activity of the GO-CuFe2O4 nanocomposite can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between GO and CuFe2O4 nanoparticles, high surface area and presence of small sized CuFe2O4 NPs. This versatile GO-CuFe2O4 nanocomposite synthesized via combustion method holds great promise for applications in wide range of industrially important catalytic reactions.

Cyclodextrin nanosponges: a potential catalyst and catalyst support for synthesis of xanthenes

The nanoporous framework of a cyclodextrin nanosponge was used as catalyst for accelerating the one-pot, three-component reaction of dimedone, aldehyde, and phenols for synthesis of xanthene derivatives. Moreover, the nanocavities of cyclodextrin nanosponges were exploited for immobilization of heteropolyacids through the wet impregnation method. This catalyst exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to the bare cyclodextrin nanosponge. Despite the good catalytic activity, the leaching of the catalytic species did not allow efficient recovery and reusability. To circumvent this problem, the cyclodextrin nanosponge was amine-functionalized prior to heteropolyacid immobilization. The results proved that the amine functionalities had an effective role in preserving the catalytic species and improving the reusability through decreasing the leaching time. This catalyst was used for synthesis of a variety of xanthenes in aqueous media. The catalytic amount of catalyst afforded the desired product in excellent yields and with a relatively short reaction time. The results suggested cyclodextrin nanosponge-based catalysts as potential candidates for promoting chemical reactions.

Influence of the post-synthesis method on the number and size of secondary mesoporous structure of NaY zeolite and its effect on catalyst loading. An efficient and eco-friendly catalyst for synthesis of xanthenes under conventional heating

Several identification techniques have been used to study the effect of the preparation method of dealuminated Y zeolite on catalyst loading. In this paper, NaY zeolite was dealuminated by chemical operation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (H4EDTA) treatment. In this method, extra-framework aluminum species removed from the supercage of zeolite and therefore increases the Si/Al ratio and pore volume. Consequently, the loading of the molybdophosphoric acid (MPA) in the supercage of zeolite is increases (0.1 g/g equal 0.049 mmol/g support) in EDTA treatment (MPA-MDAZY) in comparison with (0.0875 g/g equal 0.043 mmol/g support) in hydrothermal method (MPA-DAZY). These results were also confirmed by XRF, AAS, FTIR, SEM, BET, XRD and WDX analysis. Reducing of the reaction time and increasing of the catalytic activity of EDTA treatment toward hydrothermal method can be related to the high catalyst loading based on removing of extra-framework aluminum. The catalytic activity of two catalysts has been compared in the xanthenes synthesis reactions.

ChemInform Abstract: Copper Catalyzed Coupling of Protecting Group Free and Sterically Hindered 2‐Bromobenzyl Tertiary Alcohols with Phenols and Anilines: Facile Synthesis of Xanthenes and Dihydroacridines.

AbstractThe developed two‐step protocol requires only a single column purification technique.

Copper catalyzed coupling of protecting group free and sterically hindered 2-bromobenzyl tertiary alcohols with phenols and anilines: facile synthesis of xanthenes and dihydroacridines

Protecting group free and sterically hindered tertiary alcohols used in coupling reaction. Two-step process with a single column chromatography. Synthesis of interesting xanthenes and dihydroacridines.

Ruthenium anchored on multi-walled carbon nanotubes: an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of xanthenes

A novel and highly efficient ruthenium-based catalyst was synthesized by immobilizing Ru(CO)4 onto functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The catalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, diffuse reflectance UV–Vis spectrophotometry, inductively coupled plasma and elemental analysis. This heterogeneous catalyst was successfully applied in the multi-component synthesis of various xanthene derivatives in good to excellent yields (28 samples, up to 96 % yield) under reflux condition and ultrasonic irradiation. The prepared catalyst was recovered four times without appreciable loss of activity.

Highly efficient multi component synthesis of xanthenes catalyzed by hydroxyapatite

Highly efficient multi component synthesis of xanthenes catalyzed by hydroxyapatite

ChemInform Abstract: Recyclable CuO Nanoparticles as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Synthesis of Xanthenes under Solvent Free Conditions.

AbstractCuO nanoparticles are used as catalyst for the synthesis of xanthene derivatives (III) and (VI).

Secondary amine based ionic liquid: an efficient catalyst for solvent free one pot synthesis of xanthenes and benzoxanthenes

Amine based ionic liquid was reported as an efficient and easily recyclable catalyst for the solvent free environmental benign synthesis of xanthene and benzoxanthene derivatives within 10–30 minutes.

An efficient and green synthesis of xanthene derivatives using CuS quantum dots as a heterogeneous and reusable catalyst under solvent free conditions

CuS quantum dots have been proven to be an efficient catalyst in the synthesis of xanthenes in terms of high yield, reduction of time and energy consumption under solvent free conditions with easy work up.

ChemInform Abstract: Triphenylphosphine‐m‐sulfonate/Carbon Tetrabromide as an Easily Recoverable Catalyst System for the Efficient Synthesis of Xanthene and Xanthenone Derivatives under Solvent‐Free Conditions.

AbstractThe new and efficient catalyst system can be easily recovered and reused ten times without significant loss of activity.

Microwave-assisted clean synthesis of xanthenes and chromenes in [bmim][PF6] and their antioxidant studies

An efficient one-pot synthesis of xanthene and chromene derivatives by three-component reactions of aryl aldehydes, cyclic 1,3-diketones, and 2-naphthol/4-hydroxy coumarin catalyzed by ionic liquid (IL) [bmim][PF6] under microwave irradiation is described. The present scheme provides several advantages such as short reaction time, mild reaction conditions, good yields, convenient operation, and reuse of IL. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated for the synthesized compounds by DPPH method. Compounds 6a, 6h, 6c, 6b, 4k, and 4a showed the highest antioxidant potency.

ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Reusable and Efficient Nano‐ZnS Catalyst for Green Synthesis of Xanthenes and Its Derivatives under Solvent Free Conditions.

ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Reusable and Efficient Nano‐ZnS Catalyst for Green Synthesis of Xanthenes and Its Derivatives under Solvent Free Conditions.

ChemInform Abstract: Iranian Chemist′s Efforts to Provide Various Effective Methods for the Synthesis of Xanthenes

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