Synthesis Of Benzoic Acid Research Articles

Synthesis of Benzoic Acids by Aerobic Photooxidation with Hydrobromic Acid

A methyl group at an aromatic nucleus is oxidized directly to the corresponding carboxylic acid in the presence of molecular oxygen and catalytic hydrobromic acid under photoirradiation.

Condensation Reaction of Dimethyltin(IV) Oxide with 2-(2,3-Dichloroanilino)benzoic Acid Synthesis and Study of a Novel Dimeric Tetraorganodistannoxane

The novel symmetric dimeric tetraorganodistannoxane [(Me2Sn)4(DCPA)2)O2(OH)2] (2) and [(Me2Sn)4(DCPA)2)O2(OC2H5)2] (3) where HDCPA is 2-(2,3-dichloroanilino)benzoic acid (1) have been prepared. The crystal structure of 3 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Three distannoxane rings are present to the centrosymmetric dimeric tetraorganodistannoxane by virtue of μ3-oxo form the central R4Sn2O2 core with a planar Sn2O2 ring, resulting in a ladder type structural motif. Five-coordinated tin atoms are present in the distannoxane dimer. The ligands act as monodentate agents, thus rendering the tin atom five-coordinated. Significant π → π stacking interactions and intramolecular hydrogen bonds stabilize the structure 3. The polar imino hydrogen atom participates in intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The formation of the dimeric distannoxanes 2 and 3 represent a ladder-type carboxylates in which the insertion of a μ2-OH or a μ2-OC2H5 group occurs. This unusual result can be interpreted in terms of a competition between the strength different donors, in which the –OH or the –OC2H5 groups show higher donor capacity than the carboxylato group of DCPA.

Novel scheme for biosynthesis of aryl metabolites from L-phenylalanine in the fungus Bjerkandera adusta.

Aryl metabolite biosynthesis was studied in the white rot fungus Bjerkandera adusta cultivated in a liquid medium supplemented with L-phenylalanine. Aromatic compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry following addition of labelled precursors ((14)C- and (13)C-labelled L-phenylalanine), which did not interfere with fungal metabolism. The major aromatic compounds identified were benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde (bitter almond aroma), and benzoic acid. Hydroxy- and methoxybenzylic compounds (alcohols, aldehydes, and acids) were also found in fungal cultures. Intracellular enzymatic activities (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, aryl-alcohol oxidase, aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase, aryl-aldehyde dehydrogenase, lignin peroxidase) and extracellular enzymatic activities (aryl-alcohol oxidase, lignin peroxidase), as well as aromatic compounds, were detected in B. adusta cultures. Metabolite formation required de novo protein biosynthesis. Our results show that L-phenylalanine was deaminated to trans-cinnamic acid by a phenylalanine ammonia lyase and trans-cinnamic acid was in turn converted to aromatic acids (phenylpyruvic, phenylacetic, mandelic, and benzoylformic acids); benzaldehyde was a metabolic intermediate. These acids were transformed into benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, and benzoic acid. Our findings support the hypothesis that all of these compounds are intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway from L-phenylalanine to aryl metabolites. Additionally, trans-cinnamic acid can also be transformed via beta-oxidation to benzoic acid. This was confirmed by the presence of acetophenone as a beta-oxidation degradation intermediate. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a beta-oxidation sequence leading to benzoic acid synthesis has been found in a white rot fungus. A novel metabolic scheme for biosynthesis of aryl metabolites from L-phenylalanine is proposed.

Development of the Process of p-Nitroacetophenone and Benzoic Acid Manufacture by the Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Aromatic Compounds

The kinetic model of the ethyl benzene oxidation was applied to the design of the large-scale reactors of p-nitroacetophenone (chloramphenicol key intermediate) synthesis by p-nitroethyl benzene oxidation and benzoic acid synthesis by acetophenone oxidation. The factors allowing simplification of the above model are discussed. The height of the frothy (aerated) liquid layer in the oxidation tower securing the explosion-proof reaction conditions of acetophenone and p-nitroethyl benzene oxidation both in the kinetic and diffusion fields was calculated.

Notes on Converting to Microscale

As a substitute for commercial microscale glassware kits, common glassware items have been utilized to carry out techniques such as refluxing, recrystallization, elution chromatography, extractions and boiling point determinations. In addition four microscale experiments are described which do not require kits: synthesis of 4,6,8-trimethylazulene, isolation of cholesterol by continuous extraction, synthesis of benzoic acid via a Grignard reaction and synthesis of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin.

Synthesis of benzoic acid using household bleach

Synthesis of benzoic acid using household bleach

Synthesis of benzoic acid from chlorobenzene under pressure

AbstractConversions as high as 76·26% and 80·85% of chlorobenzene to benzoic acid were obtained when chlorobenzene was carboxylated with carbon monoxide and water at high pressure with nickel iodide‐silica gel catalyst (Ni:SiO2 = 50:50) and without any catalyst (thermal) respectively, at the optimum temperature and pressure; these optima were much higher for the latter than for the former process. The lower yield in the catalytic process could be improved to some extent if the catalytic reaction was carried out at a pressure, reached by introducing nitrogen in addition to the usual input of carbon menoxide, almost equal to the optimum pressure of the thermal process.