Syntactic Research Articles

A Syntactic Topic of State-Property Adjective Sentences and the Subjecthood Tests

A Syntactic Topic of State-Property Adjective Sentences and the Subjecthood Tests

Left atrial deformation analysis as a predictor of severity of coronary artery disease.

BackgroundTwo-dimensional (2D) speckle-tracking strain imaging is a novel method for assessment of regional myocardial deformation that uses tracking of acoustic speckles or kernels rather than Doppler myocardial velocities. It has been suggested that Left atrial (LA) strain as measured by 2D speckle tracking can be used to evaluate dynamic LA function.ObjectiveTo study the relation between left atrial deformation and the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).Study design30 patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) with coronary artery stenosis (>50%) who were admitted for elective coronary angiography at Ain Shams University hospitals and AlAzhar University hospitals were included in the study. Measurements of conventional echocardiographic parameters as well as LA strain and strain rate parameters were obtained, Syntax (SX) score was calculated for all patients.ResultsPatients were categorized into 3 groups: low Syntax score of <23 (Group I), moderate syntax score 23–32 (Group II) and high syntax score of ≥33 (Group III). Peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) (Group I: 29.80 ± 4.48, Group II: 22.44 ± 1.42, Group III: 19.53 ± 4.46; p < 0.001) and Peak atrial contraction strain (PACS) (Group I: 13.43 ± 4.05, Group II: 10.84 ± 2.47, Group III: 7.19 ± 0.71; p < 0.022) were significantly lower in high syntax group. Significant negative correlation was found between SX score level and LA strain parameters (PALS and PACS) (r = 0.861; p < 0.001).ConclusionLeft atrial deformation analysis by 2D Speckle tracking Doppler Echocardiography can predict the severity of coronary affection in patients with stable CAD.

Detecting Anomalous Trajectories Using the Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory Considering Trajectory Features from Taxi GNSS Data

In road networks, an ‘optimal’ trajectory is a geometrically optimal drive from the source point to the destination point. In reality, the driver’s driving experience or road traffic conditions will lead to differences between the ‘actual’ trajectory and the ‘optimal’ trajectory. When the differences are excessive, these trajectories are considered as anomalous trajectories. In addition, these differences can be observed in various trajectory features, such as velocity, distance, turns, and intersections. In this paper, our aim is to fuse these trajectory features and to quantitatively describe this difference to infer anomalous trajectories. The Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory is a theory and method that uses different features as evidence to infer uncertainty. The theory does not require prior knowledge or conditional probabilities. Therefore, we propose an automatic, anomalous trajectory inference method based on the D-S evidence theory that considers driving behavior and road network constraints. To achieve this objective, we first obtain all of the ‘actual’ trajectories of drivers for different source-destination pairs in taxi Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) trajectories. Second, we define and extract five trajectory features: route selection ( R S ), intersection rate ( I R ), heading change rate ( HCR ) , slow point rate ( SPR ), and velocity change rate ( VCR ) . Then, different features of each trajectory are combined as evidence according to Dempster’s combinational rule. The precise probability interval of each trajectory is calculated based on the D-S evidence theory. Finally, we obtain the anomalous possibility of all real trajectories and infer anomalous trajectories whose trajectory features are significantly different from normal ones. The experimental results show that the proposed method can infer anomalous trajectories effectively and that it can be used to monitor driver behavior automatically and to discover adverse urban traffic events.

공간구문론을 이용한 감천문화마을 관광경로 재구성

공간구문론을 이용한 감천문화마을 관광경로 재구성

Theoretical Delimitations in the Syntax of the Imperative

Theoretical Delimitations in the Syntax of the Imperative

Two Textual Notes on Maffeo Vegio’s Antonias

In the recent edition of Maffeo Vegio’s Antonias, the manuscripts’ readings should be restored in two places, since the conjectures introduced by the poem’s editor distort both the text’s syntax and its metrical correctness

Enhancing the Syntactic Typology of Ditransitive Verbs in Russian

Enhancing the Syntactic Typology of Ditransitive Verbs in Russian

TCT-676 Could the logistic clinical SYNTAX score have predicted the all-cause mortality in the Global Leaders trial? A prediction prior to the unblinding of the trial

[Chichareon, Ply; Modolo, Rodrigo; Kogame, Norihiro; Takahashi, Kuniaki; Asano, Taku] Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Katagiri, Yuki] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chang, Chun-Chin] Taipei Vet Gen Hosp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Collet, Carlos] AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Neumann, Franz-Josef] Univ Heart Ctr Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Cardiol, Bad Krozingen, Germany. [Oldroyd, Keith] Golden Jubilee Natl Hosp, West Scotland Heart & Lung Ctr, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Anderson, Richard] Univ Hosp Wales, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Fath-Ordoubadi, Farzin] Manchester Royal Infirm, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Naber, Christoph] Contilia Heart & Vasc Ctr, Essen, Germany. [Garg, Scot] East Lancashire Hosp NHS Trust, Blackburn, Lancs, England. [Petrov, Ivo] Acibadem City Clin Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Vranckx, Pascal] Hartctr Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium. [Valgimigli, Marco] Inselspital Bern, Swiss Cardiovasc Ctr, Bern, Switzerland. [Windecker, Stephan] Univ Hosp Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Onuma, Yoshinobu] Erasmus MC, Thoraxctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Serruys, Patrick] Imperial Coll, London, England.

‘-게 되다’ 구성의 통사와 의미에 대한 연구

‘-게 되다’ 구성의 통사와 의미에 대한 연구

Development of Discovery Learning Model Using Scientific Approach to Increase Student’s Comprehension and Communication Skills

To day National curriculum submit to the basic oppinion that the knowlege can’t translet just at the momment from the teacher to the stuent. It’s because the students are the subject who have ability to active loding for, processing, constructing and using the knowledge, so that learning that have facilities of the teacher, the teacher need to giving opportunity to the students for constructing the knowledgein kognitive process. The ones that influential in learning process is act of determining from learning models by the teacher . Learning models that can be using is discovery learning. The purpose of this riset to know the characteristic learning models discovery learning, to know the comunicative skills that develop and to know the efectively learning models discovery learning to increase science concept capability. Design of study is research and development are described in step follows: 1) preliminary studies, 2) initial product development, 3) product trial to a small group, 4) field product trials, 5) product revision, 6) Final product have been revision. Results from the research show that: 1) The characteristic Discovery Learning Model can looked of learning syntax which of ; stimulation, problem statement, data collecting, data processing, verification, and generalization. 2) Discovery Learning Model emphasizes the discovery of a concepts whose problems are engineered by the teacher. 3) Result obtained using t – test on pre-test and post – test is significant visible from the calculation t is on 8.889 while t table 2.028. This shows t count is greater than t table. 4) The development of communication skills of students has increased this is indicated from discovery I 33% and discovery II 75%. Written communication skills of the highest on the indicator of translation of goals and the lowest on the indicator material mastery. Based on the results can be concluded that: development of Discovery Learning Model should be based sintax of discovery learning, development of Discovery Learning Model using scienstific can be increase student’s comprehension and communication skills.

Artificial Grammar Learning Capabilities in an Abstract Visual Task Match Requirements for Linguistic Syntax.

Whether pattern-parsing mechanisms are specific to language or apply across multiple cognitive domains remains unresolved. Formal language theory provides a mathematical framework for classifying pattern-generating rule sets (or “grammars”) according to complexity. This framework applies to patterns at any level of complexity, stretching from simple sequences, to highly complex tree-like or net-like structures, to any Turing-computable set of strings. Here, we explored human pattern-processing capabilities in the visual domain by generating abstract visual sequences made up of abstract tiles differing in form and color. We constructed different sets of sequences, using artificial “grammars” (rule sets) at three key complexity levels. Because human linguistic syntax is classed as “mildly context-sensitive,” we specifically included a visual grammar at this complexity level. Acquisition of these three grammars was tested in an artificial grammar-learning paradigm: after exposure to a set of well-formed strings, participants were asked to discriminate novel grammatical patterns from non-grammatical patterns. Participants successfully acquired all three grammars after only minutes of exposure, correctly generalizing to novel stimuli and to novel stimulus lengths. A Bayesian analysis excluded multiple alternative hypotheses and shows that the success in rule acquisition applies both at the group level and for most participants analyzed individually. These experimental results demonstrate rapid pattern learning for abstract visual patterns, extending to the mildly context-sensitive level characterizing language. We suggest that a formal equivalence of processing at the mildly context sensitive level in the visual and linguistic domains implies that cognitive mechanisms with the computational power to process linguistic syntax are not specific to the domain of language, but extend to abstract visual patterns with no meaning.

Синтаксическая контаминация в романе В. Набокова «Защита Лужина»

Синтаксическая контаминация в романе В. Набокова «Защита Лужина»

정보그림책을 활용한 극화놀이가 유아의 구문이해력과 인지능력에 미치는 영향

본 연구는 정보그림책을 활용한 극화놀이가 유아의 구문이해력과 인지능력에 미치는 효과를 분석함으로써 유아교육현장에서 정보그림책의 효율적인 교육방법에 대한 정보를 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 만 5세 유아 38명이며 평균 월령은 72.03개월이었다. 실험집단은 정보그림책을 활용한 극화놀이에 10주 동안 참여하였고, 비교집단에서는 동일한 정보그림책을 제시하고 정보탐색하기, 감상하기, 정보 교환하기까지만 참여하였다. 연구도구는 유아의 구문이해력과 인지능력을 측정하기 위하여 ‘구문의미이해력’ 과 ‘K-ABC’검사 도구를 사용하여 연구 자료를 수집하였고 수집된 자료는 공변량 분석을 통해 사전과 사후검사를 실시하여 집단 간의 차이를 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 실험집단 유아들의 구문이해력의 하위 영역 중 구문구조와 이해점수가 비교집단 유아들의 점수보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 실험집단 유아들의 인지능력의 전체점수가 비교집단 유아들의 점수보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 본 연구결과는 정보그림책을 활용한 극화놀이 활동은 유아의 구문이해력과 인지능력에서 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 시사하는 것이라 하겠다.

Mack the Knife and Knife-Black Dorothy Appositional Metaphoric Compounds: A Comparison and Contrast of the Varying Approaches in Sanskrit Treatises on Grammar and Poetics

Abstract The present article focuses on appositional metaphoric compounds karmadhāraya-rūpaka in Sanskrit. A first section addresses some problems of compound typology in Western works, where appositional compounds have often been identified as copulative dvandva. Following this general analysis there is a section on appositional compounds from the perspective of the classical Sanskrit grammar, in particular the Pāṇinian tradition where the metaphorical aspect has not been explored specifically. The final section deals with the contribution of Sanskrit treatises on poetics to the identification of metaphoric compounds and their differentiation from compound similes. The approach suggested in later texts on poetics seems to be based on syntactical criteria, the ambiguity of the double-head topic, i. e. candra-mukha, a moon-face being specified in the comment. According to this, an appositional compound should be analysed as a simile, if the comment refers to the actual part of the compound, i.e. the subject of the simile, or as a metaphor, if the comment refers to the standard of comparison, thus shifting the focus of the sentence from the actual to the imagined entity.

Ontology-based DSL development using graph transformations methods

The article is related to the problem of implementing consistent changes in the model of some subject area and in the syntax of domain specific language (DSL), dealing with problems in that domain. In our research, we explore an opportunity to provide the method of development and modification of the DSL meta-model, using the ontology as a model of the subject area. This method combines graph representation of the ontology and DSL with the set of rules, formulated in terms of an automated graph-transformation language. Applicability of the proposed approach is demonstrated using a real-life example of modification of the DSL meta-model according to changes of the ontology in the railway transportation domain.

유다서의 구문과 구조적 특성

유다서의 구문과 구조적 특성

An Empirical Study of English-Chinese Translation of Novel Context-Free Compound Nouns and Phrases

The current study designs a compound translation test and finds out that unlike English speakers, Chinese translators tend to bypass syntactic paraphrase and directly conduct semantic processing on the surface structure of compounds/phrases. Syntactic operations, semantic categories, and world knowledge are important factors in compound interpretation and translation. Syntactic analysis and semantic processing are important factors in the process of interpretation and translation of novel context-free compounds and phrases. The present study also reveals the psychological differences between English and Chinese speakers. Syntactic transformation knowledge is also quite helpful in disambiguating compounds/phrases with the same surface structures. Statistical results demonstrate that the abstractness of compounds affect translators’ processing effort as well as accuracy. Other possible factors in compounding comprehension and translation include world knowledge, contextual information and pragmatic awareness.

THE ANALYSIS OF LESSON PLAN BASED ON SYNTAX AND CONTENT PROBLEMS IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE MODEL OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING

This study aims to describe the results of the study of the implementation of Problem Based Learning model that has been done on previous research on the syntax, teacher behavior and the content of problems in Teaching and Learning Activities (KBM), especially in the field of Physics study, in terms of the Lesson Plans Program (RPP) and Student Worksheets (LKS) that have been made to the main literature. This research is a qualitative research with the descriptive approach on 7 samples RPP and 7 LKS. The results showed that the content of the problems did not match the PBL and the teacher behaviour on some samples in stage I (Organizing Students to Problem) and stage III (Assisting Self-Inquiry and Group) did not match the PBL syntax. The conclusion of this research is from the analysis of PBL model implementation that has been done in previous studies on the syntax, teacher behavior and the content of the problems in 7 samples of RPP and LKS shows that the teacher behavior that exist in the RPP there are some that are not in accordance with PBL syntax and the contents of the problems given to the students either written on the RPP or LKS mostly not actual because some of it is a matter of memorization that does not require creative thinking, mathematical calculations and problems looking for relationships between variables through experiments. Suggestion from this research that is in use of PBL model for making RPP and LKS in KBM need to refer five stages in PBL and problem has given to the student in PBL learning model should problem actual and require creative thinking and written clearly and completely in RPP and LKS.

A Performance Evaluation of Attribute Extraction Technique for the Analysis of Sentiment

Sentiment Analysis is the process of computation identifying and categories the thought expressed by people in order to determine whether the writer’s attitude towards a particular product is positive or negative. The results of this analysis can be used in computing customer satisfaction metrics, marketing, contextual advertising, suggestion systems based on the user likes and rating, recommendation systems etc. It can be done on reviews, blogs, tweets, forums etc. Term Weighting is the process of assigning weights to the terms in the documents. Different term weighting schemes like Term Frequency, Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency and Binary Weighting methods are used on the reviews to weigh the sentiments words present in the reviews. It is done considering the terms as unigrams, bigrams, trigrams and Syntactic n-grams. The huge data presented to extract sentiments are unstructured in nature and they require processing like classification or clustering to get some meaningful information out of it. Supervised machine learning approaches like Naive Bayes are used to classify the human sentiments present in the reviews as positive and negative.

Extending the notion of near-synonymy

Extending the notion of near-synonymy