Reviewed by: Functional structure in DP and IP: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 1 ed. by Guglielmo Cinque Jean-Yves Pollock Functional structure in DP and IP: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 1. Ed. by Guglielmo Cinque. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Pp. 233. ISBN 0195148797. $78 (Hb). Among generative linguists it is difficult to think of anyone that might be better qualified than Guglielmo Cinque to put together a collection of articles reporting on the collective effort in (mainly) European generative grammar to ‘map’ the functional structure of two of the major syntactic phrases that have emerged from fifty years of empirical and theoretical work in generative grammar. His own book, Adverbs and functional heads (Cinque 1999) is by far the most detailed and best argued attempt to spell out in detail the functional projections of assertive clauses—‘IP’; the functional hierarchy he suggested in that work is to my mind one of the most striking discoveries in generative grammar over the last twenty-five years, comparable in its importance for formal linguistics in the twenty-first century to John Robert Ross’s in-depth study of island effects thirty-five years ago; I would be tempted to conjecture that just as Ross’s dissertation lay at the root of almost all the constraints on movement suggested in the last thirty years of the twentieth century, Cinque’s hierarchy will be central to the (universal) characterization of the form of syntactic phrases, an enterprise that should be at the forefront of syntactic research in the first thirty years of the twenty-first century. Be that as it may, Cinque’s ideas on functional structures and restructuring effects (see e.g. Cinque 2002) has set the scene for (European) generative research on these topics, and the volume under review is a faithful testimony to the influence and fruitfulness of the research program that has emerged from his work; that ‘cartographic’ program is also based on work in the same spirit on the fine structure of the left periphery originating in Rizzi’s (1997) seminal article.1 Since the groundwork for that research program goes back to the mid-1990s, the need to refine and extend early results, as Cinque states in his introduction, is probably one of the major collective tasks of contemporary generative linguistics in Europe. The volume as a whole offers a new and stimulating picture of the functional ‘map’ of the DP: the chapters by Laura Brugè, Giuliana Giusti, and Gary Scott explore the question on the basis of the syntax of demonstrative and locative phrases (Brugè), articles, demonstratives, and possessives (Giusti), and adjective sequences (Scott). This is done on the basis of a fairly large set of languages—Spanish, Italian, French, Romanian, Norwegian, Swedish, Danish, German, English, Finnish, and so on—and the resulting picture extends and refines previous work by many Italian and European linguists, among them Giuseppe Longobardi, Giuliana Giusti, Anna Cardinaletti, Carmen Dobrovie-Sorin and Cinque himself (see Cinque 1994). These three chapters are on the whole lucidly written, and each spells out in a precise way its theoretical assumptions and results. The authors’ knowledge of the syntactic literature on these and related topics is satisfactorily extensive. Brugè’s chief goal is to characterize the position in which demonstratives are merged in the DP field; making crucial use of Kayne’s (1994) antisymmetry and of Cinque’s (1994) work on the order of adjectives, she suggests fairly plausibly that in languages as diverse as Spanish, Catalan, Italian, and French, demonstratives are merged as the specifiers of a fairly low functional projection standing just above NP and below the functional projections hosting pronominal adjectives. If this is correct, the orderings in sentences like 1, for example, will be derived via (optional) movement of the demonstrative to Spec D and (obligatory) head movement of N to intermediate functional projections of the DP field. (1) a. [End Page 426] b. As she proceeds, Brugè tackles various comparative problems—for example, the nonexistence of the ‘low’ demonstrative in French and Italian and the nonexistence of the ‘high’ demonstrative in Hebrew and Irish—and arrives at an account that relies...