Synchronous Melanoma Research Articles

Nevus Spilus with Synchronous Melanomas: Case Report and Literature Review

Nevus spilus is a rare, acquired, and often large cutaneous lesion consisting of a light brown background macule containing varying numbers of small darker macular or papular areas. Nevus spilus may contain dysplastic melanocytic elements, and there are also reports of melanoma arising from nevus spilus. However, the absolute risk for malignant transformation is not well defined. We discuss a case of synchronous melanomas arising from a nevus spilus and potential management recommendations based on a review of the pertinent literature.

Multiple synchronous melanomas determined as primary by lymphatic mapping

Multiple synchronous melanomas determined as primary by lymphatic mapping

Synchronous cervical and vulvar malign melanomas: metastasis or multifocality of the disease? A case report and review of the literature

Vulvar melanoma is rare and has a worse prognosis and higher recurrence rate than cutaneous melanoma. Multifocality is also more common in vulvar melanomas. A case having synchronous cervix and vulvar malign melanoma is presented and discussed in the light of the literature whether it is a metastasis of vulvar malign melanoma to cervix or multifocal originated disease. In conclusion, it is important to evaluate the whole genital system in vulvar melanomas as it is in squamous cancers.

Synchronous anorectal melanoma

Anorectal melanoma is a very rare tumor with poor prognosis. Rectal bleeding is the most frequent symptom and surgical treatment ranges from local excision to radical abdominoperineal resection. We report a case of a 75-years-old male patient who presented with a history of recurrent rectal bleeding, and whose histopathological diagnosis was melanoma. Macroscopically, we found two distinct tumors in anorectal region, 0.5 cm and 1.5 cm from dentate line. The first one was pedunculated, on a thin stalk, measuring 1 cm in greatest diameter, and the second one was sessile and nodular measuring up to 2.8 cm in largest diameter. Microscopic examination and immunohistochemical analysis of both tumors confirmed the diagnosis of melanoma. This case represents multiple synchronous primary melanoma of the anorectal region, with a possibility that one of the lesions is primary melanoma and the second one is a satellite lesion.

Synchronous Multiple Primary Malignant Melanoma in a Patient with Atypical Mole Syndrome

Multiple primary malignant melanoma developing in people with atypical mole syndrome is well documented but rare. Synchronous occurrence of such melanomas is even rarer. The present case report, while not unique, provides an excellent opportunity to remind clinicians of presentation and management of atypical mole syndrome, while emphasizing the higher risk of developing malignant melanoma.

Synchronous primary mucosal melanoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the maxillary antrum

We present a case of contiguous primary malignant melanoma of the nose and maxillary antrum and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the maxillary antrum. We believe that this association has not been previously recorded; whether this represents divergent differentiation in a single tumour or 'collision' of two separate tumours is uncertain.

Macrophage-melanoma cell heterokaryons. 3. The activation of macrophage DNA synthesis. Studies with inhibitors of protein synthesis and with synchronized melanoma cells.

Dormant macrophage nuclei initiate DNA synthesis 2-3 hr after fusion of macrophages with exponentially growing melanoma cells. Cycloheximide treatment (1-5 microg/ml) of heterokaryons during the preceding lag period inhibits the initiation of macrophage DNA synthesis, in a reversible fashion. Each type of cell was also treated with streptovitacin A, an irreversible inhibitor of protein synthesis. Pretreatment of the melanoma cells (0.5-2 microg/ml), 1 hr before fusion, inhibited the induction of macrophage DNA synthesis in heterokaryons, whereas pretreatment of macrophages (1-20 microg/ml) had no effect. Melanoma cell pretreatment reduced the incorporation of leucine-(3)H into the cytoplasm and nuclei of heterokaryons, whereas macrophage pretreatment had no effect. These experiments suggested that melanoma proteins played an important role in the initiation of macrophage DNA synthesis. The relationship between the melanoma cell cycle and macrophage DNA synthesis was studied with synchronous melanoma cells. If the melanoma cells were in S phase at the time of fusion, macrophage DNA synthesis occurred 2 hr later. However, the fusion of melanoma cells in G(1) delayed macrophage DNA synthesis until the melanoma nuclei had entered S. Experiments with actinomycin and cycloheximide showed that RNA and protein, essential to achieve DNA synthesis in the macrophage nucleus, were made during late G(1) as well as S. Melanoma cells and macrophages differ in their radiolabeled acid-soluble products after incubation in thymidine-(3)H. Thymidine taken up by the macrophage remained unphosphorylated, whereas it was recovered mainly as thymidine triphosphate from melanoma cells. These findings, as well as those reported previously, suggest that the melanoma cell provides the RNA, protein, and precursors which initiate macrophage DNA synthesis. In the absence of a requirement for new macrophage RNA and protein synthesis, other changes must be responsible for the 2 hr delay in DNA synthesis. These may involve physical changes in DNA, associated with swelling, as well as the transport of melanoma products into the macrophage nucleus.