Synchronization Analysis Research Articles

Investigated on hot mix epoxy resin used in steel bridge deck pavement affected by collaborative toughen

The hot-mix epoxy resin commonly used in the market has insufficient toughness, resulting in cracking of steel bridge deck pavement. To obtain the excellent toughness of hot mix epoxy resin, the collaborative toughen is put forward to overcome the shortcoming. In order to character epoxy resins and epoxy asphalts affected by toughening agent, standard test method of tensile properties for plastics is used. The synergistic toughening mechanism and lyotropy of 1# rubber additive and 2# rubber additive are approved by analyzing scanning electron microscope. Synchronous thermal analyzer is applied to study reactivity of epoxy resin. The viscosity, reactivity and rheological performance of epoxy asphalt, which affected by toughen agent, are investigated by Brinell rotary viscometer and Dynamic shear rheometer respectively. According to the results, the excellent epoxy resin is obtained, when the dosage of toughen agent is 15 %. The activation energy of epoxy resin before and after toughen are 48.6 KJ/mol and 42.4 KJ/mol, respectively. Besides the toughen agent can reduce the viscosity of epoxy asphalt. Finally, R1 and R2 can enhance the elastic of epoxy asphalt and reduce the glass transition temperature of epoxy asphalt. In summary, with R1 and R2 added, the toughen of epoxy resin improved obviously. The application of toughened epoxy resin to the pavement of orthotropic steel bridge deck will has a very broad prospect.

The (un)making and (re)making of Guangzhou’s ‘Little Africa’: Xiaobei’s linguistic and semiotic landscape explored

AbstractPartly as a result of China’s reform and opening-up and the broader trend of globalisation, Guangzhou in Southern China has risen to global prominence as a commercial and business hub. Strategically positioned as a centre of ‘low-end globalisation’, Guangzhou has attracted investors, traders and businessmen from Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. In particular, the city’s Xiaobei area established itself as ‘Little Africa’ featuring (once thriving) ethnic economies with many halal restaurants and businesses oriented towards Muslim traders from various ethnolinguistic and sociocultural backgrounds. This enclave represents a transnational space and a typical example of superdiversity rarely seen in the rest of China. The presence of (legal and often illegal) Africans in Guangzhou (where inter-marriage with local Chinese women was not uncommon) was viewed as a problem and threat to the ‘purity’ of Chinese-ness and Chinese civilisation. This led to strict enforcement of immigration law around 2014, where many foreigners left Guangzhou. Various social and top-down language policy changes and more directly the strict Covid pandemic restrictions dealt further blows to the area. Drawing on data in 2013/2014 and 2023, this sociolinguistic study traces the transformations in Xiaobei’s linguistic landscape from a contrastive/diachronic perspective over 10 years, thus shedding light on the (un)making, (re)making and the de-Arabization and Sinicization of Little Africa’s LL in a context of socio-political and language policy changes. Then synchronic LL analysis in 2023 shows how various linguistic and multimodal elements combine to still give the area a unique identity.

Utilization of UV–Vis and synchronous fluorescence heterospectral two-dimensional correlation analysis on the structural variation of landfill leachate during membrane bioreactor-reverse osmosis process

Landfill leachate, a complex organic effluent generated during the sanitary landfilling process, poses a significant environmental threat if not properly managed. This study utilized fluorescence and UV–Vis spectroscopy in conjunction with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) to investigate the removal and transformation properties of landfill leachate during membrane bioreactor (MBR) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes. The results revealed that the MBR process effectively reduced the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon, but had limited impact on complex structures and bio-refractory organic matter. Conversely, the RO process demonstrated effective trapping of organic pollutants, including both fluorescent and non-fluorescent components. Furthermore, 2DCOS analysis identified the sequence of changes in landfill leachate substances: unsaturated aldehydes and ketones > fulvic-like component/protein-like component > aromatic compounds. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of economical and efficient landfill leachate treatment procedures.

Matrix projective synchronization and mechanical analysis of unified chaotic system

This article explores the mechanical analysis of a unified chaotic system and matrix projective synchronization (MPS). The sufficient conditions to achieve MPS of unified chaotic system have derived. The mechanics of unified chaotic system have been examined in contrast with Kolmogorov system, Euler equation, and Hamiltonian function. The Casimir energy function is also introduced to analyze the system dynamics. The unified chaotic system has been transformed into Kolmogorov type system and decomposed into four types of torques: inertial, internal, dissipation, and external torque. In order to view the mechanics behind the unified chaotic system, different particular cases have been discussed. Five scenarios are examined using combinations of various torques in order to identify the key elements in chaos creation and their physical significance. The bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponent and Lyapunov dimension validates the generation of chaos for different particular cases.

Fulfilment of the Social Security Rights of Indonesian Migrant Workers after the Transition of the Insurance Consortium Becomes a Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS)

This Research aims to analyse fulfillment of social security rights of Indonesian migrant after the transition if the insurance consortium becomes a Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS). This is normative legal research using statutory approach and conceptual approach as research method. The result of this research showed that there are 13 (thirteen) risk borne by migrant worker social security regulated in insurance consortium and after the transition to BPJS, there are only 3 (three) programs offered, those are JKK and JKM Which are mandatory and JHT which is voluntary. The synchronization of the regulation between PPMI Law with the 1945 Constitution as the basic rule has no problems if a vertical synchronization analysis is carried out, then in terms of fulfilling the rights of PMI and their families, it has fulfilled the principles of Human Rights, although there are still unsynchronized with several other rules such as differences in benefits offered in the BPJS Law with the PPMI Law in horizontal synchronization.

Association of brain functional connectivity with neurodevelopmental outcomes in healthy full-term newborns

ObjectiveTo study the association between neurodevelopmental outcomes and functional brain connectivity (FBC) in healthy term infants. MethodsThis is a retrospective study of prospectively collected High-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG) from newborns within 72 hours from birth. Developmental assessments were performed at two years of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III) measuring cognitive, language, motor, and socio-emotional scores. The FBC was calculated using phase synchronization analysis of source signals in delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands and its association with neurodevelopmental score was assessed with stepwise regression. Results47/163 had both HD-EEG and BSID-III scores. The FBC of frontal region was associated with cognitive score in the theta band (corrected p, regression coefficients range: p < 0.01, 1.66–1.735). Language scores were significantly associated with connectivity in all frequency bands, predominantly in the left hemisphere (p < 0.01, −2.74–2.40). The FBC of frontal and occipital brain regions of both hemispheres was related to motor score and socio-emotional development in theta, alpha, and gamma frequency bands (p < 0.01, −2.16–2.97). ConclusionsFunctional connectivity of higher-order processing is already present at term age. SignificanceThe FBC might be used to guide interventions for optimizing subsequent neurodevelopment even in low-risk newborns.

Exponential synchronization of nonlinear dynamical systems via an aperiodic hybrid control with actuator saturation and impulse time windows

AbstractConsidering impulse time windows and the actuator saturation, we put forward a novel aperiodic hybrid control scheme to achieve the exponential synchronization of two nonlinear dynamical systems (NDSs). Different from the existing research, the actuator saturation of two types of control signals and impulse time windows are both considered in the exponential synchronization analysis. Some sufficient conditions are found with designing the hybrid controller, and the attraction domain (AD) of the error system is also estimated. On the other hand, the conditions which can ensure the exponential synchronization between two NDSs with this hybrid control without saturation limit are also given. Finally, experimental results for the synchronization of three dimensional Hopfield‐type neural networks and the image reproduction based on the synchronization of neural networks demonstrate the feasibility of our theoretical results.

Stability indicating multipurpose HPLC-DAD method for synchronic analysis of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with a co-formulated preservative in ophthalmic dosage forms - Greenness/whiteness assessment

This research presents a validated, multipurpose and sustainable HPLC-DAD method intended for the separation and simultaneous determination of three related non-steroidal ant-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): diclofenac sodium, bromfenac sodium and nepafenac in the presence of five of their related compounds and suspected impurities. A Venusil XBP Cyano column with gradient elution of a mobile phase involving methanol, acetonitrile and mixed phosphate and sodium pentane sulfonate buffer (pH 2.5) were employed. DAD was tuned at 210, 233 and 275 nm for measuring peak areas of different analytes. The proposed procedure was successfully validated and utilized in comprehensive stability study of the investigated drugs. The three NSAIDs have been determined within a linearity range of 5–150 µg/mL with excellent analytical performance. The method targeted their analysis in variable dosage forms particularly ophthalmic liquid preparations. This has evolved the need to determine benzalkonium chloride as well which is a common preservative in such dosage forms. It was measured in the range 10–200 µg/mL. The least detectable concentration levels of the analytes were within the range 0.5–2.0 µg/mL. Comparing the designed method to a number of reported ones with respect to greenness and whiteness/sustainability merits using AGREE and RGB-12 paradigms proved it is significantly eco-friendly and represents a green/white option for multi-analyte stability indicating analysis of the above-mentioned drugs.

Nonlinearity-Induced Asymmetric Synchronization Region in Micromechanical Oscillators.

Synchronization in microstructures is a widely explored domain due to its diverse dynamic traits and promising practical applications. Within synchronization analysis, the synchronization bandwidth serves as a pivotal metric. While current research predominantly focuses on symmetric evaluations of synchronization bandwidth, the investigation into potential asymmetries within nonlinear oscillators remains unexplored, carrying implications for sensor application performance. This paper conducts a comprehensive exploration employing straight and arch beams capable of demonstrating linear, hardening, and softening characteristics to thoroughly scrutinize potential asymmetry within the synchronization region. Through the introduction of weak harmonic forces to induce synchronization within the oscillator, we observe distinct asymmetry within its synchronization range. Additionally, we present a robust theoretical model capable of fully capturing the linear, hardening, and softening traits of resonators synchronized to external perturbation. Further investigation into the effects of feedback strength and phase delay on synchronization region asymmetry, conducted through analytical and experimental approaches, reveals a consistent alignment between theoretical predictions and experimental outcomes. These findings hold promise in providing crucial technical insights to enhance resonator performance and broaden the application landscape of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) technology.

Improved Synchronous Sampling and Its Application in High-Speed Railway Bearing Damage Detection

Synchronous analysis is one of the most effective and practical techniques in rotating machinery diagnostics, especially in cases with variable speed operations. A modern analog-to-digital convertor (ADC) usually digitizes an analog signal to an equal time interval data series. Synchronous resampling converts the data series from an equal time interval data series to an equal shaft rotation angle interval data series. This conversion is usually achieved in the digital domain with the aid of shaft speed information, through either direct measurement or identification from a measured vibration signal, which is a time-consuming process. In order to improve the computational efficiency as well as the data processing accuracy, in this paper, a fast synchronous time-point calculation method based on an inverse function interpolation procedure is proposed. By identifying the inverse function of the instantaneous phase with respect to time, the calculation process of synchronous time points is optimized, which results in improved calculation efficiency and accuracy. These advantages are demonstrated by numerical simulations as well as experimental verifications. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed method can improve calculation speed by about five times. The synchronous analysis based on the proposed method was applied to a bearing fault detection in a high-speed rail carriage, which demonstrated the advantages of the proposed algorithm in improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for bearing damage feature extraction.

Characterizing the hydration process of cement based on synchronous thermal analysis method

Research on the characterization method of cement hydration progress - synchronous thermal analysis cement hydration progress is closely related to the strength of cement concrete materials. How to intuitively and effectively characterize cement hydration progress has been puzzling by researchers in this field. In this project, the content of various hydration products in the thermal analysis process of cement slurry and its variation law with age were obtained by simultaneous thermal analysis of the benchmark cement and the benchmark cement doped with early strength agent ZQ-1. By comparing the three DTG spectra of cement slurry mixed with early strength agent and blank benchmark cement slurry with maximum thermal weight loss on thermal decomposition, calcium hydroxide of hydration products with peak temperature between 400°C ~ 450°C can better characterize the effect of different admixtures on the hydration process of cement slurry. Early strength admixtures can better promote the early hydration of benchmark cement.

MORPHOLOGY AND MORPHEMOLOGY: WORD STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE

The article focuses on analyzing the foundational theoretical tenets of morphemology and morphology within contemporary Ukrainian linguistics, emphasizing their intrinsic interrelation. A comprehensive examination of the morpheme as the fundamental linguistic entity for morphemological studies is undertaken. The primary attributes of a morpheme as a linguistic unit are elucidated, facilitating a more proficient comprehension of the principles underlying the morphemic analysis of words. Furthermore, the research delves into the grammatical meanings embodied by morphemes within specific parts of speech, drawing on Ukrainian language lexemes for illustration. The discourse provides a rationale for considering morphemology as an autonomous branch of linguistics, intricately linked with morphology and derivatology. The article delineates distinctions in the application of terms such as "morphemics" versus "morphemology" and "morpheme" versus "morph." A crucial assertion is advanced, substantiating that a morpheme, functioning as the smallest semantically significant constituent of a word, can simultaneously convey lexical, grammatical, and word-formational meanings. The correlation between morphemology and morphology is substantiated by the integral semantics inherent in words, a phenomenon derived from the amalgamation of lexical and grammatical meanings. The confluence of these meanings establishes a word's classification within a specific grammatical category (part of speech) and its affiliation with a particular word-formational type. Similar to a word form, a morpheme exhibits reproducibility in language, possesses a semiological function, and serves to convey both subject (via the root) and non-subject (via affixes) meanings. As with other linguistic entities, morphemes and word forms can be regarded as historical categories, prompting the differentiation of word formation into historical and synchronic aspects. Throughout the historical evolution of a language, alterations in word structure manifest through phonetic changes, the loss of productive affixes, and modifications in the phonemic boundaries of morphemes. Consequently, the framework for synchronic morphemic analysis must not be indiscriminately applied to other synchronic facets of the language.

An understanding of school libraries within the technical vocational education and training system: Chile’s CRA school libraries

Our study seeks to explore how official Chilean governmental normative documents envision school libraries within its Technical Vocational Education and Training system. This system has not been exempted from the discursive rhetoric that maintains that for today’s society being able to engage with information is indispensable. While the library has been argued to be a model space for developing such practices, this need not be the case. The role of the library and librarians is not fixed but rather runs within a continuum. Given that libraries’ roles are not fixed, exploring the underlying assumptions of documents that set out standards for libraries is important. Failing to question such assumptions can lead to problematic implementations where discrepancies between rhetoric and practice become common. Within the Chilean context, normative documents as well as teachers explicitly assign the school library responsibility for the development of practices to engage with information. Additionally, in Chile, the enactment of public policy concomitant to school libraries originated from the idea that they were fundamental for developing literacy and practices to purposefully engage with information. Methodologically, we have conducted a post-foundational discourse analysis. Two documents central to the detailing of school library standards underwent a synchronic heuristic discourse analysis as understood by relational-ontology. Findings indicate that the understandings of school libraries are closer to that of a passive annex, or resource, of a school and not as a site for instruction and learning. Our findings indicate that such an understanding slants toward an understanding of libraries mainly conceived in quantitative terms, ultimately leading to the potential thwarting of practices to engage with information.

THE IMAGE OF THE SERBS IN THE STORY “NOCHE SERVIA” BY BLASCO IBÁÑEZ

In the present article, following the theoretical approaches of literary imagology, we propose to interpret how Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, Spanish author, is constructing the image of the Serbs in his story "Noche servia", published in the book El préstamo de la difunta y otros cuentos (1921). The first time this author from Valencia left written some impressions on Serbian people was in 1907 when he travelled from France to Turkey and spent few days in Serbia. The result of this travel was the travelogue Orient where he presented very negative image of Serbian people. With the First World War, Blasco Ibáñez changed his perspective and built a positive image of the Serbs, as described in Historia de la Guerra Europea (1914-1921) and later on in the story "Noche servia". In this article we are making a synchronous analysis of the Serbian image, that is, we will focus our attention on the story "Noche servia" with some references to images constructed in other writings of this Spanish author. As a starting point for this study, we discuss ideas pronounced by relevant theoretics of imagology. We underline that the image of the Other is a construct, a representation that has a discursive nature that needs to be questioned. By analysing the structure of the story, the position and the impact of changing the position of the narrator, as well as the analysis of the discourse used in the story, we will interpret how the image of Serbian people is being constructed under specific personal and ideological influences on Blasco Ibáñez. We conclude that author’s Francophilia had the decisive impact on his last writing on Serbian people leaving a positive image of them.

Sustainable production and evaluation of bio-based flame-retardant PU foam via liquefaction of industrial biomass residues

The utilization of low-cost renewable feedstock, such as furfural residue and crude glycerol, presents great potential for advancing the bio-based polymer industry. Firstly, this study explored the feasibility of using furfural residue liquefaction in the presence of crude glycerol to synthesize biopolyols. The optimal conditions for liquefaction were determined to be 220 ℃, 3 h, with a 7% sodium hydroxide loading and 9% biomass loading. The hydroxyl and acid numbers of prepared biopolyols were found to be comparable to those of commercial polyols, which were 460 mg KOH/g and 2.25 mg KOH/g, respectively. Subsequently, newly bio-based flame-retardant polyurethane (PU) foam was produced using obtained biopolyols, isocyanate, and flame retardants. The foam demonstrated a compressive strength of 286 kPa and a density of 0.050 g·cm−3, with its thermal conductivity measured at 0.032 W·m−1·K−1. To enhance the flame retardant and insulation properties of the PU foam, 2% of modified hollow silica (Kh-SiO2) was incorporated. PU foams produced under optimal conditions exhibited a limiting oxygen index of 27.25%, demonstrating exceptional fire-retardant characteristics. Cone calorimetry tests revealed that the PU composites had a 45.7% lower peak heat release rate and a 35.7% lower smoke release rate than neat PU foam. Additionally, the synchronous thermal analyzer (STA) revealed that the PU foam exhibited potential thermal insulation performance. This study provides a technically feasible and sustainable approach to valorize furfural residue and crude glycerol for producing biopolyols and flame-retardant insulation PU foam.

The relational change mechanisms of child‐centered play therapy with children exposed to adverse childhood experiences

AbstractThe researchers examined the relational mechanisms and coregulatory change mechanisms of child‐centered play therapy (CCPT) with children (ages 5–8) who endured multiple adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The researchers computed surrogate synchrony analyses to measure heart rate synchrony between counselor and child participants during CCPT treatment. Child participants received between 10 and 14 CCPT sessions in the elementary school setting. Participants and counselor wore Empatica© E4 wristbands during sessions to collect heart rate data continuously during play therapy sessions. The researchers found consistent, large child‐counselor heart rate synchrony levels across play therapy sessions. The researchers discuss the implications of this research for counselors and play therapists working with children impacted by ACEs.

The Synchronisation Problem of Chaotic Neural Networks Based on Saturation Impulsive Control and Intermittent Control

This paper primarily focuses on the chaos synchronisation analysis of neural networks (NNs) under a hybrid controller. Firstly, we design a suitable hybrid controller with saturated impulse control, combined with time-dependent intermittent control. Both controls are low-energy consumption and discrete, aligning well with industrial development needs. Secondly, the saturation function in the chaotic neural network is addressed using the polyhedral representation method and the sector nonlinearity method, respectively. By integrating the Lyapunov stability theory, Jensen’s inequality, the mathematical induction method, and the inequality reduction technique, we establish suitable time-dependent Lyapunov generalised equations. This leads to the estimation of the domain of attraction and the derivation of local exponential stability conditions for the error system. The validity of the achieved theoretical criteria is eventually demonstrated through numerical experiment simulations.

ТЕХНИКА ҒЫЛЫМДАРЫ ТЕРМИНЖҮЙЕСІНІҢ ЛИНГВИСТИКАЛЫҚ СИПАТЫ

The article is devoted to the linguistic description of the terminological system of technical sciences, namely the branches of mechanics and mechanical engineering, which provided for the classification of terms of these industries in terms of type and content (structural and semantic), analysis of the process of their terminologization. In the course of the study, the ways of creating terms in the field of technology in general were highlighted, and the process of naming new concepts that have arisen in the field of science and technology was grouped by stages. The article defines the following features of the terminology of the branches of mechanics and mechanical engineering: the synthetic (morphological) method is intensively used, that is, the creation of a term using suffixes; the composition of terms created by the analytical (syntactic) method is diverse; such types of analistic (syntactic) method as word composition and word combination are often used; terms formed by word combinations, they are based on the method of structural, semantic and syntactic calculus from the Russian language; terminological names created by the lexico-semantic (conversion) method arise as a result of the expansion of the meaning of the original words of the Kazakh language through metaphorical use based on national cognition; in these dictionaries there are different types of use of variants; such uses are due to various linguistic and extralinguistic factors. Methods of selection, systematization, classification into lexico-semantic groups, structural (morphemic) analysis, description, structural-semantic grouping, component analysis, synchronous analysis, deductive and inductive analysis, linguistic interpretation, interdisciplinary comparison, comparison were used in the course of the study. The results of the article contribute to the improvement of scientific-theoretical, applied-practical and methodological foundations for the development of the terminological system of branches of technical sciences and the terminological fund of the Kazakh language as a whole, that is, the study is valuable for writing scientific research, compiling various dictionaries (registry, explanatory, etc.), compiling various methodological guidelines for terminological work, organizing courses advanced training of specialists in the branches of technical sciences, teaching staff, journalists, lectures on terminology in higher educational institutions.

ҚАЗАҚ ТІЛІНІҢ ПОЭТИКАЛЫҚ КОРПУСЫ МӘСЕЛЕСІ БОЙЫНША БІРЕР СӨЗ

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of the poetic language of the constituent poetic corpus of the Kazakh language. The poetic features of the variants of the song "Kozy Korpesh – Bayan Sulu", taken as the main version, are analyzed. Examples from the poem "Kyz Zhibek" are partially given. The purpose, main direction and idea of the research is to reveal the poetic value of the variants of the poem "Kozy Korpesh – Bayan Sulu". The article uses methods of selection, systematization, division into lexico-semantic and thematic groups, structural, descriptive, semantic grouping, synchronous analysis, and construction. The article examines from a historical and poetic point of view selected versions of one of the oldest cultural relics of the Kazakh people, "Kozy Korpesh-Bayan Sulu", with a comparison among themselves. It is known that this epic is a common heritage for all Turkic peoples. For example, the Altaians, Bashkirs, and Tatars have preserved several versions of this lyric epic. As for the Kazakh versions of the poem, this poem was first published in the third volume of V.Radlov's work in 1870 "Samples of folk literature of Turkic tribes" and in 1876 by I.Berezin as part of the "Turkish Anthology". Many intellectuals, led by Sh. Ualikhanov, G.N.Potanin participated in publication and research of the epic. The results obtained during the study: 1) comparing the poetic language of the main versions of the epic, we find, as the most basic, ancient and artistic version, the version sung by Zhanak akyn; 2) issues related to the life and fate of the main characters of lyric-epic poems, such as "Kozy Korpesh-Bayan Sulu", "Kyz Zhibek" are identified; 3) it is proved who is actually a positive hero, since in different versions of the epic Sarybai and Karabai are perceived differently as positive and negative characters.

Stability and synchronization in neural network with delayed synaptic connections.

In this paper, we investigate the stability of the synchronous state in a complex network using the master stability function technique. We use the extended Hindmarsh-Rose neuronal model including time delayed electrical, chemical, and hybrid couplings. We find the corresponding master stability equation that describes the whole dynamics for each coupling mode. From the maximum Lyapunov exponent, we deduce the stability state for each coupling mode. We observe that for electrical coupling, there exists a mixing between stable and unstable states. For a good setting of some system parameters, the position and the size of unstable areas can be modified. For chemical coupling, we observe difficulties in having a stable area in the complex plane. For hybrid coupling, we observe a stable behavior in the whole system compared to the case where these couplings are considered separately. The obtained results for each coupling mode help to analyze the stability state of some network topologies by using the corresponding eigenvalues. We observe that using electrical coupling can involve a full or partial stability of the system. In the case of chemical coupling, unstable states are observed whereas in the case of hybrid interactions a full stability of the network is obtained. Temporal analysis of the global synchronization is also done for each coupling mode, and the results show that when the network is stable, the synchronization is globally observed, while in the case when it is unstable, its nodes are not globally synchronized.