Synchronous Response Research Articles

Autaptic Effects on Synchronization and Phase Response Curves of Neurons with a Chemical Synapse

Previously, we reported the effects of an autapse, a time-delayed self-feedback synapse, on synchronization of Morris-Lecar (ML) neurons with an electrical synapse [J. Korean Phys. Soc. 71, 63 (2017)]. Because communication between neurons via a chemical synapse is more common than that via a electrical synapse, the desire to study the autaptic effect on synchronization of neurons with a chemical synapse is natural. In this paper, we present the results for the autaptic effects on synchronization of neurons with a chemical synapse. We show that the phase response curves of a single neuron and a pair of neurons are useful for understanding the autaptic effects on synchronization. We introduce a model for a theoretical analysis of the autaptic effect on synchronization of parameter-mismatched neurons and find that the model qualitatively explains that effect well.

Pad–Pivot Friction Effect on Nonlinear Response of a Rotor Supported by Tilting-Pad Journal Bearings

This paper presents a numerical study for nonlinear rotordynamic response with bifurcations of tilting pad journal bearings when pad–pivot friction forces are taken into account. A Stribeck friction model is employed to determine the friction coefficient for the contacts between the pads and the spherical-type pivots. The boundary/mixed/hydrodynamic friction mode is determined for each pad surface based on the instantaneous angular motion of the pads. A Jeffcott type rotor supported on 5-pad tilting pad journal bearings is used for the structural model, and finite element fluid film models are utilized to calculate the reaction forces and moments on the pads. The simulation results show that pad–pivot friction plays an important role in determining the stability of the rotor system. For the autonomous condition, the friction induces a Hopf bifurcation and generates limit cycles at high rotor spin speed (>14 krpm), which were originally stable equilibrium states with a no friction condition. For the nonautonomous condition, the 1× synchronous response becomes subsynchronous/quasiperiodic responses in the high-speed range (>14 krpm) with the appearances of Neimark-Sacker bifurcations. It is shown that the outbreak points and corresponding response types are highly dependent on the state of disk imbalance. A comparison of the linear and nonlinear models clearly illustrates the importance of retaining nonlinear forces to determine potential deleterious vibration.

Design of State Feedback Current Controller for Fast Synchronization of DFIG in Wind Power Generation Systems

Doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) are widely used in wind energy conversion systems. The dynamic features of DFIGs make it important to focus on designing high-performance control schemes. However, the dynamic characteristics of such generators depend on nonlinear parameters, such as stator flux, stator current, and rotor current, which increase the overall system complexity. In addition, the DFIG Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs) size is growing beyond 7 MW, which increases stress on both the mechanical drive train and the power circuits during connection to the grid. Such stress and dynamic features cannot be neglected. Therefore, robust controllers must be implemented which have the ability to support the dynamic frequencies of wind energy to ensure system stability in grid connection mode and during subsequent use. Conventional vector control configurations that use proportional-integral controllers have various drawbacks, such as parameter tuning difficulties, mediocre dynamic performance, and reduced robustness. In this study, we focused on improving DFIG synchronization to the grid by applying state feedback current controllers with a feedforward component to smooth the connection to the grid, as well as to improve the steady-state and transient characteristics of the controller. State feedback controllers are proposed to replace the proportional-integral controllers on both the rotor and grid sides. The proposed controller is designed using a multivariable system and feedforward control for input reference and incorporating disturbances into the control equations for fast synchronization and transient responses. To demonstrate the advantages of this controller, experimental studies are presented for both the transient and steady states.

Objective frequency-specific measurement of hearing threshold using narrow-band chirp stimuli with level-adaptive simultaneous masking

In the past, various simulation and measurement paradigms have been introduced and evaluated in order to improve frequency-specific measurement of the hearing threshold using early auditory evoked potentials (EAEP). Apromising approach for improvement of detection of stimulus response is the usage of frequency-modulated chirp signals, which optimize the temporal synchrony of neuronal responses along aregion of the basilar membrane. This study validated the performance of three generated narrow-band chirp stimuli in combination with alevel-adaptive simultaneous masker on acollective of normally hearing subjects. In this study 25 normal hearing subjects took part after undergoing pure tone audiometry as well as an objective estimation of the auditory threshold using low, middle and high chirp stimuli. The characteristic EAEP parameters were visually identified before statistical analysis. The characteristic latency level function was conducted using measurements within astimulus level range from 80 to 0 dBHL. Afterwards acomparison of objectively verified auditory threshold and subjective auditory threshold was conducted. All objectively determined thresholds of the frequency-specific evoked EAEP were on average below 10 dBHL: low chirp at 8.2 dBHL, middle chirp at 5.8 dBHL and high chirp at 5.4 dBHL. The mean difference compared to subjectively determined auditory thresholds at all frequencies was below 3 dB and was not significant. Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) using aband-limited and level-specific masked chirp stimulus is an efficient method for the determination of frequency-specific excitation thresholds in the clinical routine. The small, insignificant difference compared to the subjectively determined auditory thresholds makes usage of correction factors mostly redundant. Confirming the study results concerning low chirp stimuli so far, the low chirp BERA currently seems to be the method of choice for estimation of auditory threshold at low frequency ranges around 500 Hz.

Indicators of pelagic forage community shifts in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem, 1998–2016

Forage fishes are ecologically and economically important in marine ecosystems worldwide and thus are a focal topic for ecosystem-based fisheries management. In the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME), the community dynamics of forage populations have been studied at regional spatial scales, but not across regions. To evaluate indicators of the forage community at the ecosystem-wide scale, we examine temporal variability of forage assemblages in Northern (Oregon/Washington), Central (California; Point Reyes to Monterey Bay) and Southern (southern California) regions of the CCLME from 1998 through 2016 which include years with unprecedented climate variability. Forage communities fluctuated greatly between years within each region owing to regionally low abundances of common taxa in at least some years (e.g., rockfishes Sebastes spp. in each region). Comparison of species assemblages among regions indicate that that temporal shifts in assemblage structure were largely synchronous throughout the CCLME. However, dynamics of most individual taxa were out of phase between regions, indicating that different taxa drove the variability in each region. Within regions, taxa with similar adult ecological niches tended to co-vary, suggesting synchronous responses to environmental forcing. Major changes in forage assemblage structure are descriptively linked to large oceanographic perturbations such as the transition from El Niño to La Niña conditions in 1998, anomalous upwelling in 2005, and the onset of a large marine heatwave in fall-winter 2013–2014. Changes in forage assemblage structure are reflected in prey switching in the diet of California sea lions, Zalophus californianus, in the Southern region. The multivariate forage indices that we develop can serve as effective indicators of regional forage community composition shifts in the CCLME and provide managers with context on spatio-temporal changes in the structure of forage fish communities important to top predators in this system.

Analysis of synchronism and response velocity in instrumental assemblies for the observation of stellar occultations

Currently the stellar occultation technique is one of the most effective methods for observing minor bodies of the Solar System. Due to the collaborative nature of these observations, precise synchronization and short response times are necessary in instrumental assemblies. This paper presents the development of a methodology that allows for the evaluation of the temporal performance of the detectors used in the observation of stellar occultations. The software “TimesCCam” was developed, which, when being photographed by astronomical cameras, graphically represents the parameters of exposure time, dead time, and jitter referenced to UTC. The process of alignment and focus is obtained, thanks to a structure built with movement in the three axes. The methodology was applied in the evaluation of STF-8300M, ST-2000XM and QHY174M-GPS cameras, using different driver software, synchronization methods, and exposure times. In real exposure times, insignificant variations were identified. Dependency was found between the dead times and the configurations used for the CCD cameras, and it was determined that the dead time and its instability in the ST-2000XM camera prevent its use for the observation of stellar occultations. The results show that the STF-8300M camera is convenient for the observation of asteroid occultations, while the QHY174M-GPS camera given its dead time and synchronization, is suitable for the observation of occultations by trans-Neptunian objects.

Middle Latency Responses to Optimized Chirps in Adult Cochlear Implant Users.

Cochlear implant (CI) outcomes can be assessed using objective measures that reflect the integrity of the auditory pathway. One such measure is the middle latency response (MLR), which can provide valuable information for clinicians. Traditional stimuli for evoking MLRs, that is, clicks or tone bursts, do not stimulate all parts of the cochlea simultaneously, whereas chirp stimuli compensate for the cochlear neural delay and, therefore, produce more synchronous responses from the different neural elements of the cochlea. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether chirp stimuli can elicit reliable MLRs in CI users and whether those responses correlate with clinical outcomes and with deprivation-related factors. We presented 2,000 free-field optimized chirp stimuli to CI and control participants while their electroencephalography (EEG) was being recorded. Twenty-four adult CI users and 24 matched normal-hearing (NH) individuals (age range from 18 to 63 years) participated in this study. The EEG was recorded from 64 active electrodes placed on the scalp. EEG signals were processed using EEGLAB and ERPLAB toolboxes. We characterized the latencies and amplitudes of the different MLR components in both groups. Chirp stimuli reliably evoked qualitatively similar MLRs across all NH and CI participants with a couple of differences observed between the NH and CI group. Among the different MLR components, the Na latency was significantly shorter for the CI group. A significant amplitude difference was also found between groups for the Pa-Nb complex, with higher amplitudes observed in the NH group. Finally, there were no significant correlations between MLR latencies (or amplitudes) and clinical outcomes or deprivation-related measures. Free-field-presented optimized chirp stimuli were shown to evoke measurable and reliable MLRs in CI users. In this experiment, the MLR morphology in CI users was similar to those observed in NH participants. Even though we did not replicate here a significant relationship between MLR and speech perception measures, we were able to successfully collect acoustically evoked MLRs, which could constitute an important supplemental measure to the standard behavioral tests presently being used in postoperative clinical evaluation settings.

Effect of crystalline versus protein-bound lysine on plasma amino acids in exercising horses

Donkey farming is expanding because of the rediscovery of nutritional properties of jennies’ milk for human consumption. In livestock, timed artificial insemination (TAI) allows to manage big herds without estrus detection, but there are very few studies on estrus synchronization in jennies. The aims of this study were to compare three different combinations of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs for TAI in jennies and to compare the estrus or diestrus status diagnosed by ultrasonography with serum progesterone concentration. Nine fertile jennies were submitted to three TAI protocols: PPG (PGF2α, PGF2α, and GnRH), PGPG (PGF2α, GnRH, PGF2α, and GnRH) and GPG (GnRH, PGF2α, and GnRH). Ovarian activity was monitored until ovulation, and blood samples were taken for progesterone determination. Artificial insemination was done with a fresh-diluted semen. The comparison of the three TAI protocols showed a trend for difference in pregnancy rates per synchronized jennies (from 11% with PPG up to 56% with PGPG) although not statistically significant. Follicle diameter or the presence or absence of a corpus luteum at the beginning of the treatment did not affect synchronization response or pregnancy rate. Dominant follicle diameter, at the time of the last GnRH treatment, significantly affected the ovulation response. Ultrasound was confirmed to be highly accurate for the determination of the estrus or diestrus status. This study demonstrated the possibility to achieve reasonable synchronization and pregnancy rates in jennies using TAI protocols adapted from other species.

Effect of thickness on the electrical properties of PdCr strain sensitive thin film

The electrical properties of palladium chromium strain sensitive films with various thicknesses were fabricated onto sapphire substrates by direct current magnetron sputtering are investigated. The results show that the electrical properties of PdCr strain films are strongly dependent on their thickness. The square resistance and the temperature coefficient of resistance of PdCr strain sensitive films are dramatically decreased when the thickness of PdCr films that thinner than 232 nm, then the downward trend of electrical properties tends to be stabilized until 933 nm. The PdCr films with 933 nm thickness show a relative minimum temperature coefficient of resistance and excellent repeatability from room temperature to 800 °C. Furthermore, the stability of PdCr thin film strain gauges are measured at 600 and 800 °C by drift test, which reveals that the average resistance drift rate of PdCr strain film with 48 nm is almost ten times larger than that of the films with thickness of 933 nm. The above results further verify that the PdCr film with thickness of 933 nm possesses relatively superior electrical properties. Moreover, the strain response of PdCr thin film strain gauge with 933 nm on DZ22 Ni-based superalloys is studied, which indicates that the values of resistance are synchronous response to the strain implying the PdCr thin film strain gauge has a fast response to strain, and the gauge factor is 1.80, 1.88, 1.90 and 1.93 at 25, 400, 600 and 800 °C, respectively.

Synchronous Modes of Terrestrial and Marine Productivity in the North Pacific

The primary productivity of adjacent terrestrial and marine ecosystems can display synchronous responses to climate variability. Previous work has shown that this behavior emerges along the California coast where internal modes of climate variability, such as El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), alter jet stream dynamics that influences marine ecosystems through upwelling and terrestrial ecosystems through precipitation. This study assesses whether marine-terrestrial synchrony is a widespread phenomenon across the North Pacific by utilizing satellite-derived Solar-Induced Fluorescence (SIF) and chlorophyll-a as proxies for land and sea productivity, respectively. The results show that terrestrial and marine ecosystems are consistently synchronized across 1000's of kms of the North Pacific coastline. This synchrony emerges because both marine and terrestrial ecosystems respond to climate modes with a similar north-south dipole pattern that is mirrored across the coastal interface. The synchrony is disrupted when PDO and ENSO oppose one another because the terrestrial north-south dipole follows the PDO while the marine pattern follows ENSO. The consequence is marine and terrestrial productivity anomalies that are opposite one another along adjacent regions of the coastline. If ENSO and the PDO have shared low-frequency variance, then synchrony would be the dominant state despite local topographic and trophic diversity along the coastlines. This result suggests that climate proxy stacks that include biotically sensitive marine and terrestrial proxies would have a selective sensitivity to modes such as PDO that drive synchrony. Lastly, the coupling of land and sea productivity may have the effect of generating amplified regional responses of the carbon budget to climate variability by simultaneously enhancing the terrestrial and marine carbon sinks.

Synchronous response in methanogenesis and anaerobic degradation of pentachlorophenol in flooded soil.

Methanogenesis is commonly mass-produced under anaerobic conditions and serves as a major terminal electron accepting process driving the degradation of organic biomass. In this study, a cofactor of methanogenesis (coenzyme M, CoM) and a classic methanogensis inhibitor (2-bromoethanesulfonate, BES) were added at different concentrations to investigate how methanogenesis would affect PCP degradation in flooded soil. Strikingly, the processes of methanogenesis and PCP degradation were simultaneously promoted with CoM, or inhibited with BES, significantly (p < 0.05). High-throughput sequencing for soil bacterial and archaeal community structures revealed that members of Desulfitobacterium, Dethiobacter, Sedimentibacter, Bacillus and Methanosarcina might act as the core functional groups jointly perform PCP degradation in flooded soil, possibly through assisting microbial mediated dechlorination in direct organohalide-respiration, and/or indirect co-metabolization in complex anaerobic soil conditions. This study implied an underlying synergistic coupling between methanogenesis and dechlorination, and provided insights into a novel consideration with respect to coordinating methanogenesis while promoting anaerobic degradation of PCP for complex polluted soil environment, which is necessary for the improved all-win remediation.

Do Gulf of Alaska fish and crustacean populations show synchronous non-stationary responses to climate?

Changes in the abundance and productivity of biological populations in the North Pacific have often been associated with large-scale modes of climate variability. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), which describes spatio-temporal variability in North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST), correlates with much of this variability. However, since the late 1980s, the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) has explained an increasing proportion of variance in North Pacific climate properties. Ecological responses to this change in the proportion of variance ascribed to the two climate patterns remain poorly understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that relationships between biological time series and climate covariates (SST and the PDO) differ for nine Gulf of Alaska fish and crustacean populations before and after the late 1980s. Additionally, we evaluate whether non-stationary climate-biology relationships arose synchronously across populations as a community response. We used different formulations of Generalized Additive Models in a population and community context and compared results to the classical approach of aggregated population responses based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that climate-biology relationships weakened or reversed for most populations in the late 1980s, coinciding with the increase in variance of the NPGO. However, these non-stationary responses were highly species-specific and did not arise synchronously as a community response. We show that PCA does not represent community dynamics properly when only few species covary in time and exhibit long-term trends. Therefore, this approach might not be always useful to detect synchronous changes among biological time series as a community response. Novel associations among climate variables and novel climate-biology relationships are expected to become increasingly evident with future climate change, and the recognition of switches between different explanatory variable-response relationships may be critical for successful management of marine resources during transitions to these novel climate states.

Postglacial vegetation dynamics at high elevation from Fairy Lake in the northern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, Montana, USA

AbstractThe postglacial vegetation and fire history of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem is known from low and middle elevations, but little is known about high elevations. Paleoecologic data from Fairy Lake in the Bridger Range, southwestern Montana, provide a new high-elevation record that spans the last 15,000 yr. The records suggest a period of tundra-steppe vegetation prior to ca. 13,700 cal yr BP was followed by openPiceaforest at ca. 11,200 cal yr BP.Pinus-Pseudotsugaparkland was present after ca. 9200 cal yr BP, when conditions were warmer/drier than present. It was replaced by mixed-conifer parkland at ca. 5000 cal yr BP. Present-day subalpine forest established at ca. 2800 cal yr BP. Increased avalanche or mass-wasting activity during the early late-glacial period, the Younger Dryas chronozone, and Neoglaciation suggest cool, wet periods. Sites at different elevations in the region show (1) synchronous vegetation responses to late-glacial warming; (2) widespread xerothermic forests and frequent fires in the early-to-middle Holocene; and (3) a trend to forest closure during late-Holocene cooling. Conditions in the Bridger Range were, however, wetter than other areas during the early Holocene. Across the Northern Rockies, postglacial warming progressed from west to east, reflecting range-specific responses to insolation-driven changes in climate.

Distilling the essence of TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs): A call for securing mechanistic specificity and experimental rigor

Distilling the essence of TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs): A call for securing mechanistic specificity and experimental rigor

Effects of presentation rate and onset time on auditory brainstem responses in Northern saw-whet owls (Aegolius acadicus).

Monitoring auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) is a common method of assessing auditory processing in non-model species. Although ABRs are widely used to compare auditory abilities across taxa, the extent to which different features of acoustic stimuli affect the ABR is largely unknown in most non-mammalian species. The authors investigated the effects of varying presentation rate and onset time to determine how different features of acoustic stimuli influence the ABR in Northern saw-whet owls (Aegolius acadicus), a species known for their unique auditory adaptations and hunting abilities. At presentation rates ranging from 21.1 to 51.1 s-1, there were no differences in the size or synchrony of ABRs, suggesting that stimuli can be presented at a relatively rapid rate to maximize the number of observations recorded for analysis. While increasing onset time was associated with a decrement in response size and synchrony, tonebursts with 1 ms onset times produced overgeneralized neural responses as a result of spectral splatter. This suggests that 2 to 3 ms onset times may balance the trade-off between response synchrony and frequency specificity when comparing relative neural recruitment across frequencies. These findings highlight the importance of considering stimulus parameters when interpreting ABR data.

Dual-Axis π-Pulse Magnetometer with Suppressed Spin-Exchange Relaxation.

We present a spin-exchange relaxation-free vector magnetometer with suppressed 1/f probe noise, achieved by applying a small dc bias field and a comb of magnetic dc π pulses along the pump direction. This results in a synchronous orthogonal ac response for each of its two sensitive axes. The magnetometer is particularly well suited to applications such as biomagnetism in which the signal to be measured carries a dominant component of its power at low frequencies. The magnetometer reaches a technical noise floor of and at 0.01 Hz. A single-axis dc spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer sharing the same experimental apparatus attains 61 fT Hz-1/2 at the same frequency. A noise minimum of and is reached by the magnetometer at10 Hz, compared to 0.7 fT Hz-1/2 at 25 Hz for a dc SERF magnetometer.

Efficiency of different synchronization protocols on oestrous response and rhythmic changes in 17β-oestradiol and progesterone hormone concentration in Salem Black goats

ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to test the efficiency of three different synchronization protocols on oestrous synchronization in Salem Black goats. Thirty does were selected and divided into three groups. Group I (n = 10): animals were injected with 250μg of cloprostenol at 11 days apart. Group II (n = 10): animals were under Ovsynch protocol. Group III (n = 10): animals were impregnated with progesterone-releasing intravaginal sponges, AVIKESIL-S kept in vagina for 15 days and given injections of 250μg of cloprostenol and 200IU of Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) on the day of sponge withdrawal. The experiment was replicated thrice. Oestrous detection was performed by aproned bucks. The percentage of animals that showed oestrous for double PGF2α, Ovsynch and vaginal sponges was found to be 0, 51.72 and 77.35, respectively. There was no significant (p > 0.05) change in estradiol and progesterone concentration after double PGF2α and Ovsynch protocol. There were significant changes in the estradiol and progesterone concentration in the Group III animals. From the present study, it was concluded that AVIKESIL-S showed better oestrous synchronization response and rhythmic changes in estradiol and progesterone concentration which indicates that AVIKESIL-S can be effectively used to synchronize oestrous in Salem Black goats.

Analysis of a rotor-bearing nonlinear system model considering fluid-induced instability and uncertainties in bearings

In the analysis of rotating systems supported by hydrodynamic bearings, linear models and synchronous responses usually suffice. However, in some respects this type of approach fails to correctly describe these machine’s dynamic behaviour. Fluid-induced instabilities known as “oil whirl” and “oil whip,” in which unstable motion and residual unbalance cause a precessional vibration in the rotor system, are two conditions that point to the shortcomings of linear models. Furthermore, rotor-bearing systems possess inherent uncertainties, which a more reliable model must take into consideration. In this sense, a stochastic solution may be more adequate, and the traditional deterministic model should not be directly applied. Meanwhile, Monte Carlo simulation has a high computational cost, and deterministic problem solution for complex systems—such as rotating machinery modelling—requires a long period of evaluation. Thus, a method able to achieve better computational efficiency while remaining as convergent as Monte Carlo is necessary. Rotating machines under these conditions can be described by means of a nonlinear journal bearing model, and Monte Carlo can still be used to evaluate this stochastic solution, since it allows for the application of deterministic solvers. In this study, generalized polynomial chaos expansion was employed to analyse a rotor-bearing system’s stochastic response, and the stochastic collocation method was used to evaluate expansion coefficients. A convergence comparison between stochastic collocation and Monte Carlo simulations was performed, in order to validate the usage of polynomial approximation. Then, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine which random parameter had the most effect over the system’s stochastic response. This analysis allowed for the identification of distinct rotational velocity regions of instability. Nonlinear characteristics presented themselves in the stochastic approach as well as in the deterministic models. Difficulties in analysing the sub-synchronous response by means of the proposed approach are discussed.

Implementation and Long-Term Evaluation of a Hearing Aid Supported Tinnitus Treatment Using Notched Environmental Sounds.

Recent work has shown that sharp spectral edges in acoustic stimuli might have advantageous effects in the treatment of tonal tinnitus. In the course of this paper, we evaluate the long-term effects of spectrally notched hearing aids on the subjective tinnitus distress. By merging recent experimental work with a computational tinnitus model, we modified the commercially available behind-the-ear hearing aids so that a frequency band of 0.5 octaves, centered on the patient’s individual tinnitus frequency, was blocked out. Those hearing aids employ a steep notch filter that filters environmental sounds to suppress the tinnitus-related changes in neural firing by lateral inhibition. The computational model reveals a renormalization of pathologically increased neural response reliability and synchrony in response to spectrally modified input. The target group, fitted with spectrally notched hearing aids, was matched with a comparable control group, fitted with standard hearing aids of the same type but without a notch filter. We analyze the subjective self-assessment by tinnitus questionnaires, and we monitor the objective distress correlates in auditory evoked response phase data. Both, subjective and objective results show a noticeable trend of a larger therapeutic benefit for notched hearing correction.

Grid Connection Control of DFIG for Variable Speed Wind Turbines under Turbulent Conditions

Doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) are widely used in wind energy conversion systems. The dynamic features of DFIGs make it important to focus on designing high-performance control schemes. However, the dynamic characteristics of such generators depend on nonlinear parameters, such as stator flux, stator current, and rotor current, which increase overall system complexity. Therefore, robust controllers must be implemented with the ability to support the dynamic frequencies of wind energy to ensure system stability. Conventional vector control configurations that use proportional-integral controllers have various drawbacks, such as parameter tuning difficulties, mediocre dynamic performance, and reduced robustness. In this study, we focused on improving DFIG synchronization to the grid by applying Multi State Feedback (MSF) current controllers with a feedforward component to smooth the connection to the grid as well as to improve the steady-state and transient characteristics of the controller. MSF controllers are proposed to replace the proportional-integral controllers on both the rotor and grid sides. The proposed controller is designed using a multivariable system and feedforward control for input reference and incorporating disturbances into the control equations for fast synchronization and transient responses. To demonstrate the advantages of this controller, experimental studies are presented for both the transient and steady states.