Synchronization Analysis Research Articles

Synchronization and Stability Analysis of Modified Injection Locked Unilaterally Coupled Optoelectronic Oscillators

Synchronization and Stability Analysis of Modified Injection Locked Unilaterally Coupled Optoelectronic Oscillators

Network model and application in wellbore wireless communication of extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves

Abstract To address the limitations of traditional wellbore communication technologies and address the shortcomings in synchronization and channel analysis of electromagnetic waves wellbore communication models, this paper proposes a novel wellbore wireless communication method using Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves. A polygonal multiple-delay complex network model for ELF electromagnetic waves propagation in wellbore and strata was established, which was divided into four subnetworks using network splitting theory: the oil tubing subnetwork, the casing subnetwork, the cement subnetwork, and the strata subnetwork. A controller was designed, successfully validating the stability of the model and achieving fast synchronization. The optimal transmitting frequency range was determined to be between 5 and 20Hz through theoretical derivation of attenuation factors and skin depth, combined with finite element simulations. Simulation results indicate that cement and casing are the primary transmission channels, followed by oil tubing and strata, with electric signals exhibiting significantly higher intensity than magnetic signals. Unlike electric signals, magnetic signals are less affected by shielding effects. Two field experiments confirmed the feasibility of using ELF electromagnetic waves for wellbore wireless communication, which can achieve a wireless communication distance of over 1600 meters without relays. This research provides a critical theoretical foundation and experimental validation for the future development of efficient wellbore wireless communication and intelligent wells.

Research on Russian Loanwords from the Perspective of Sociolinguistics

In the long process of social development, countries, regions, and ethnic groups may spontaneously or involuntarily borrow foreign words in the process of communication and collision due to practical needs such as political and economic system reform, scientific and technological development, trade exchanges, or external environmental changes. Sociolinguistics is an important means of studying the characteristics and development process of foreign vocabulary. This article employs theoretical analysis approaches to further investigate Russian loanwords within the context of established sociolinguistic theories and loanword expression theories. Through a comprehensive analysis of synchronicity and diachronicity, we can better understand the borrowing, use, and development process of loanwords in Russian. The research findings demonstrate that the incorporation of loanwords occurs unevenly across all stages of social development and sectors of society within the same timeframe, highlighting their significant influence on language and culture.

Means of forming political loyalty of the younger generation of Russian emigrants to the Japanese occupation authorities in the territory of Northeast China (Manchuria)

The article studies the peculiarities of the formation of political loyalty of the Russian younger generation of emigrants to the Japanese occupation authorities in Northeast China. The chronological scope of this study is defined as 1931–1945 and covers one of the most complex and controversial periods in the history of the Asia-Pacific region. Implementing a geostrategic program to conquer Asia in 1931, Japan occupied the northeastern part of China – Manchuria. In an effort to legitimize their rights and strengthen their influence in the annexed territory, the occupation authorities developed a non-standard, unique strategic program to build the population’s loyalty to the expansionist political regime. The new generation of Russian emigrants, being an effective and productive resource in terms of quality and quantity, capable of ensuring breakthrough development of an economically and industrially weak region in the shortest possible time, became an object of close attention for the representatives of the new government. Developed by the Japanese and implemented at the individual, institutional, and state levels, the system of legal, political, organizational, and ideological means of influencing the younger generation of Russian emigrants was aimed at forming a new generation of citizens of Manchukuo, loyal to the Japanese political regime and voluntarily implementing the pan-Asian program. The material for this research was the documents preserved in the emigrant funds of the State Archives of the Khabarovsk Territory: personal files of Russian emigrants, including correspondence with major figures of the Russian emigration during the period under study, materials from intelligence agencies, orders, instructions and reports, correspondence of officials and individuals responsible for the Japanese military mission; periodicals for children and youth published by Russians in China in the early to mid-20th century, which are currently a bibliographic rarity. The methodological basis of the work was made up of modern scientific approaches, principles, and research methods: historical-cultural, sociocultural, systemic-historical, cultural, comparative approach, nomothetic (generalizing) principle of research, methods of comparative-historical, synchronic, structural-typological, descriptive, biographical, and systemic analysis.

Rapid Video Analysis for Contraction Synchrony of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Cardiac Tissues.

The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the Lucas-Kanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

In situ structural-functional synchronous dissection of dynamic neuromuscular system via an integrated multimodal wearable patch.

Neuromuscular abnormality is the leading cause of disability in adults. Understanding the complex interplay between muscle structure and function is crucial for effective treatment and rehabilitation. However, the substantial deformation of muscles during movement (up to 40%) poses challenges for accurate assessment. To address this, we developed a wearable structural-functional sensing patch (WSFP) that enables synchronous analysis of muscle structure and function. The WSFP incorporates a soft, stretchable electrode array for high-performance electrophysiological monitoring with low contact impedance and high stability. Its innovative design absorbs skin deformation stress, ensuring stable adhesion of a flexible ultrasound transducer array, offering higher-fidelity imaging. With dynamic tissue imaging, it allows real-time visualization of muscle structure. The WSFP achieves superior accuracy in dynamic action recognition and disease assessment compared to single-modal methods, maintaining stable operation during motion for up to 72 hours. This study advances neuromuscular system analysis and improves diagnostic precision.

Effects of pre-oxidation temperature and air volume on oxidation thermogravimetric and functional group change of lignite.

To investigate the impact of the oxidation temperature and variations in airflow conditions on coal spontaneous combustion characteristics, pre-oxidized coal samples were prepared using a programmed temperature rise method. Synchronous thermal analysis experiments and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were conducted to explore changes in the thermal effects and functional group content of the coal samples, respectively. The results indicate that variations in pre-oxidation conditions primarily in fluence the activation temperature and maximum weight loss temperature of the coal samples, while exerting a lesser impact on the critical temperature and ignition point. Variations in air volume conditions predominantly affect the content of Ar-C-O- and -CH2 & -CH3 in the oxygen-containing functional group region. The trend of the average activation energy within a conversion rate range of 0.2 to 0.6 of pre-oxidized coal samples changing with the increased of pre-oxidation temperature under the air flow conditions of 25mL/min and 50mL/min is consistent, but opposite to that under the air flow conditions of 100mL/min and 200mL/min. Compared to raw coal, under an airflow rate of 50 mL/min and when oxidized to 110°C, the coal sample exhibits an increase in the content of OH…OH, accompanied by reductions in the critical temperature, activation temperature, ignition point, and maximum weight loss temperature to varying degrees, thereby rendering it more susceptible to oxidative spontaneous combustion.

An Input-Output Framework for Stability and Synchronization Analysis of Networks of Infinite-Dimensional Linear Systems

An Input-Output Framework for Stability and Synchronization Analysis of Networks of Infinite-Dimensional Linear Systems

Synchronous Operation Analysis and Control for Single-Converter Dual-Switched Reluctance Motor System

Synchronous Operation Analysis and Control for Single-Converter Dual-Switched Reluctance Motor System

Design and analysis of synchronization for distributed electric thrust reverser actuation system

Design and analysis of synchronization for distributed electric thrust reverser actuation system

Edges’ Riemannian energy analysis for synchronization of multi-agent nonlinear systems over undirected weighted graphs

In this note we investigate the problem of global exponential synchronization of multi-agent systems described by non-linear input affine dynamics. We consider the case of networks described by undirected connected graphs possibly without leader. We present a set of sufficient conditions based on a Riemannian metric approach in order to design a state-feedback distributed control law. Then, we study the convergence properties of the overall network. By exploiting the properties of the edge Laplacian we construct a Lyapunov function that allows to conclude global exponential synchronization of the overall network.

A Study of the Visual Meaning in the Comic Hai Miiko by Ono Eriko (Based on Ferdinand de Saussure's Semiotics)

This study examines the Hai Miiko comic, popular among Indonesian teenagers, which tells the story of Miiko, a cheerful fifth-grader experiencing puberty. Using Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic theory, the research analyzes the comic's visual elements, language, and context to uncover deeper meanings and symbolism. Key concepts such as synchronic and diachronic analysis, langue and parole, signifier and signified, syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures, and denotation and connotation are applied to dissect the semiotic aspects of the comic. The findings reveal that Hai Miiko not only depicts the daily lives of teenagers but also serves as a visual representation of the journey to adulthood. Through symbolic imagery and a distinct artistic style, Ono Eriko effectively portrays emotional growth and self-discovery, inviting readers to reflect on childhood nostalgia and the challenges of growing up. This study emphasizes that comics, beyond being entertainment, can convey profound meanings and cultural insights through their visuals and narratives.

A diachronic account of Present Day Standard Danish stop gradation

Abstract In certain contexts, Present Day Standard Danish displays an unusual pattern of alternations between voiceless stops and semivowels often referred to as stop gradation. Stop gradation is traditionally considered a synchronic phonological process, but evidence for this analysis is based almost exclusively on non-productive morphology. Here, we argue that the structural generalization captured by a synchronic analysis is better accounted for with reference to the history of Danish, and to well-understood constraints on articulation and perception which led to prosodically conditioned chain shifts and mergers through gradual, continuous changes in the realization of consonant allophones. Inspired by the change-chance-choice model of sound change in Evolutionary Phonology, we outline the historical trajectory that led to the synchronic stop gradation patterns, and the well-known phonetic pressures underlying them; these pressures pulled the allophone distributions of stops in different prosodic contexts in very different directions.

Dvorazsežnostna tipologija izraženega prevzemanja (drTIP)

The process of borrowing foreign words in Slovene can be divided into disguised (calque) and expressed lexical borrowing (loanwords). This paper presents a two-dimensional model of expressed lexical borrowing (drTIP), which involves the adaptation of the expression from the donor language (phonological adaptation, transliteration) in one dimension, and the addition of elements of the Slovene language (grammatical, formative morphemes) in the other. A graphical model was presented alongside drTIP to facilitate understanding. Moreover, the typology was evaluated by comparing the main existing theories of expressed lexical borrowing and two orthographic manuals – the currently valid 2001 Slovenski pravopis and the proposal for Pravopis 8.0. Significant differences exist in the use of terminology among authors who have researched lexical borrowing, both at the level of the term and at the level of the concept. drTIP covers all the possibilities provided by the previous typologies, and allows for an even more detailed analysis of the borrowed words. It also provides a terminological and methodological basis for further research of loanwords from foreign languages in Slovene. Furthermore, the graphical model is useful for showing changes at the level of the term in diachronic and synchronic linguistic analysis. It has also been created for pedagogical purposes, since the graphical design may make the typology of loanwords easier to understand than the existing classifications.

Multifunctional Markers in a Contact Situation

Abstract This paper presents a synchronic analysis of two items – bass and ġayr – in Siwi Berber and Arabic L2 spoken in the Siwa Oasis (Egypt). Despite their different etymologies, both items have followed a similar grammaticalization path, going from focus particles to contrastive conjunctions and, in turn, to discourse markers. These three functions are attested in the synchronic stage of both languages under study as well as in other Berber and Arabic varieties. After a general overview of the distribution and functions of bass and ġayr in Arabic and Berber languages, data on Siwi and Arabic L2 are discussed in a comparative fashion. This study shows that the use of bass and ġayr in the two languages largely overlaps, confirms the layered influence of Arabic on Siwi on a diachronic level, and demonstrates the increasing presence of Egyptian Arabic and its dominance over other Arabic varieties in the present day.

The inhibition of baicalein on pancreatic lipase investigated in vitro and in vivo

AbstractBackgroundObesity is increasing seriously worldwide. Inhibiting pancreatic lipase (PL) is an important way to prevent obesity. Baicalein, a dietary flavone, shows various physiological activities and has anti‐obesity potential. Therefore, the inhibitory activity of baicalein on PL was investigated in present study.ResultsBaicalein exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on PL with IC50 value of 68 μg/mL. Inhibition kinetics indicated that baicalein was a mixed‐type inhibitor of PL. Fluorescence titration showed that baicalein could induce fluorescence quenching of PL. The binding constant (logKa) and number of binding sites were calculated as 5.40 and 1.11, respectively. In addition, synchronous fluorescence analysis revealed that the quenching ratio of baicalein to tryptophan was greater than that of tyrosine. Circular dichroism (CD) spectrum showed that the binding of baicalein affected the secondary structure of the enzyme protein. Through molecular docking analysis, it confirmed that baicalein could interact with amino acid residues in lipase, thus reducing the enzyme catalytic activity. In vivo studies showed that oral administration of baicalein with a does of 50 mg/kg bwt significantly reduced fat absorption and increased its fecal excretion in rats.ConclusionBaicalein showed inhibitory activity on PL in both in vitro and in vivo studies. It may be a safe and effective dietary supplement for obesity prevention.

Thermal stability and electrophysical properties of oxide tungsten bronzes produced by electrolysis of melts

Oxide tungsten bronzes (OTB) of cubic, tetragonal and hexagonal structure were electrodeposited under galvanostatic conditions. Electrolysis of polytungstate melts 0.8Na2WO4–0.2WO3, 0.25Na2WO4–0.25K2WO4–0.5WO3 and 0.1K2WO4–0.55Li2WO4–0.35WO3 was performed at a temperature of 973 K and a cathode current density of 25 mA cm–2 for 20 min. The synthesized OTB powders were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, laser diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. To determine the upper limit of the thermal stability range, the phase composition of OTB powders with an average particle size of 40–50 μm was studied after isothermal annealing at 373–1173 K for 2 h in an air or argon atmosphere. OTB powders with a tetragonal structure were additionally studied by synchronous thermal analysis. The electrical resistance of the samples sintered at 473 K was measured in air using direct and alternating current. It has been established that the most stable are the hexagonal OTBs isostructural to K0.3WO3, since their phase composition does not change up to 773 K during heat treatment in air and remains constant over the entire studied temperature range in an inert atmosphere. Tetragonal OTB powders isostructural to K0.475WO3 and Na0.28WO3 are stable up to 1073 K in argon and partially oxidize in air above 673 K to form OTBs with lower alkali metal content, WO3 and Na2W2O7. The phase composition of cubic OTB isostructural to Na0.74WO3, is stable up to 673 K in air and up to 873 K in argon. Conductivity studies of all samples indicate mixed ion-electron conductivity with a predominance of the electronic component. Аt 298–573 K, the specific electrical conductivity values vary within the range of 0.035–0.051, 0.012–0.030 and 0.005–0.019 (Ohm⋅cm)–1 for the OTB samples of tetragonal, cubic and hexagonal structures, respectively.

On the origin of certain Early Iron Age populations of Western Siberia. Part I. Synchronic analysis

Ten male Early Iron Age cranial samples from Western Siberia — early Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo), three Kamen’, three Sargat, Gorokhovo, Kashino, and Kulay — were compared with 62 samples of the same period from adjacent territories using the D2 distance measure corrected for sample size. The distance matrix was subjected to nonmetric multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. A new graphic method of combining two-dimensional representation with clustering is proposed. The vast majority of samples are arranged into two clusters, unequal in size. The morphologically “western” one includes 67 samples, the morphologically “eastern” one, four. All Western Siberian groups of the Early Iron Age, except Kulay, fall into the central part of the “western” cluster, evidently attesting to admixture between them; Kulay belongs to the “eastern” cluster, taking an isolated position within it. Within the “western” cluster”, two vectors of between-group variation are observed. The first one evidences admixture of two autochthonous components, Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo) and Kulay, with Saka immigrants. resulting in the emergence of the Kamen’ populations, among which the Novosibirsk population is not closer to Early Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo) but further from it than are the other two Kamen’ groups. The second vector mirrors the decline of the Andronovo component, mostly expressed in the Tagar samples. This vector links the Pazyryk group from the Ursul Ri­ver, obviously Tagar by origin, with Sargat, Kashino, and early Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo). The origin of the latter group could have been affected by pre-Sauromatians; that of Sargat and Kashino, by Sauromato-Sarmatian tribes. Gorokhovo is intermediate between the two vectors. Kulay is opposed to other Western Siberian populations, showing the highest concentration of eastern traits and resembling only two Altai-Sayan groups — Kopto and Kara-Koba. The Permian tendency of Kashino is not supported. Resemblance betweet Kamen’, early Sargat, and early Ananyino may be related to the “Uralic” tendency displayed by cranial nonmetrics in these Western Siberian groups.

Complex Motion Behavior and Synchronization Analysis of Heterogeneous Neural Network

Complex Motion Behavior and Synchronization Analysis of Heterogeneous Neural Network

The distribution of the palatalization processes in the Dargwa languages

The article is devoted to the study of the palatalization processes in the Dargwa languages (the Nakh-Dagestanian group of languages). The main purpose of the study is to identify the cases of velar consonants’ stop before i and e vowels in various Dargwa languages and dialects. For this purpose the following issues are set: a) to identify the number of Dargwa languages and dialects where the palatalization processes are expressed; b) to classify the Dargwa dialectal units according to a degree of susceptibility of velar consonants to palatalization; c) to study the palatalization processes in the Dargwa idioms where the palatalization is strongly expressed; d) to study the issue on the process of standard palatalization; e) to identify the number of dialects to which partial palatalization is characteristic. For solving the above-mentioned issues the following research methods are used: the methods of field linguistics, the comparative method and the method of synchronous analysis. The scientific novelty is a proposed hypothesis according to which palatalization started it's distribution from the southern and southwestern Dargin idioms when the speakers of the Mekegi dialects migrated to the north-east and lived far from the major groups of Dargwa people. As a result of the study, the idioms in which the processes of palatalization are present, and idioms where this phenomenon is absent are revealed. The processes of palatalization are characteristic to the southern languages and a number of dialects of the northern Dargwa language. According to the degree of susceptibility of velar consonants to palatalization in the different Dargwa languages and dialects, strongly expressed palatalization in Kaitag idiom, standard palatalization and partial palatalization are distinguished. These processes does not occur in the Northern Dargwa dialects of the Mekegi type.