Symptoms Of Mental Health Problems Research Articles

Objective and subjective cognitive status after intensive care unit treatment for COVID-19

PurposeIntensive care unit (ICU) survivors can experience wide-ranging and long-lasting symptoms after hospital discharge. Cognitive impairment has received increased attention in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and can affect patients’ long-term quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment using an objective neurocognitive test 6 and 12 months following ICU admission and possible predictive factors for scoring below the defined cut-off. We also explored the prevalence of subjective cognitive complaints at 12 months, including the associated factors. MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of a national cohort of COVID-19 ICU survivors during the three first pandemic waves in Norway. Data was collected by the Norwegian Intensive Care and Pandemic Registry and the study group. ResultsAt the six-month follow-up, 23.1% (95% CI [18.2─28.5]) of the 273 respondents scored below the cut-off on the Mini-MoCA, indicating mild cognitive impairment. At the 12-month follow-up, the prevalence declined to 11.1% (95% CI [7.5─15.6]) in 253 respondents. Older age (OR 1.06, 95% CI [1.02─1.12]) and depression (OR 1.25, 95% CI [1.07─1.55]) were associated with cognitive impairment at six months. At 12 months, almost half of the patients reported subjective cognitive complaints. Symptoms of mental health problems and fatigue were associated with subjective cognitive complaints in our exploratory analyses. ConclusionCognitive impairment declined significantly from 6 to 12 months in this cohort of COVID-19 ICU patients, while subjective cognitive complaints remained high at 12 months, perhaps attributed to a high total symptom burden.

Mental health problems, sleep quality and overuse injuries in advanced Swedish rock-climbers – the CLIMB study

ObjectivesTo examine the prevalence of mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress), sleep quality, and disability due to overuse injuries in advanced and elite rock-climbers. The rock-climbers were compared to a group of non-climbing controls.MethodsA self-selected sample of advanced and elite Swedish rock-climbing athletes was recruited through the Swedish Rock-climbing Federation, local rock-climbing gyms and through social media. A control group, matched in size was recruited. Participants in the control group answered an online survey of validated questionnaires, examining symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality. The climbing participants answered the same survey as the non-climbing controls but with additional questions regarding musculoskeletal problems and disabilities related to these. Outcome measures used were the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire.ResultsA total of 183 participants were included in the rock-climbing group, and 180 participants in the control group. In the rock-climbing group the mean age (SD) was 28.2 (8.3) years among women and 30.5 (9.6) years in men. The mean BMI of women was 21.2 (2.2) and 22.8 (2.1) in men. A total of 30.6% of the rock-climbing group (26.7% of men, 35.9% of women) reported at least moderate levels of symptoms of depression and 23.1% (17.2% men, 30.8% women) at least moderate levels of symptoms of anxiety. A total of 48.4% of rock-climbers (39.1% men, and 61.6% women) reported at least moderate levels of symptoms of stress. Among the rock-climbers, 45.0% reported having poor sleep quality. There were no statistical significant differences (p = 0.052–0.96) in mental health problems or sleeping problems between the rock-climbers and the controls. Among rock-climbers, reports of one-week prevalence of injury related problems was: Finger and hand (49.5%), Shoulder (35.2%), Knee (29.1%), Lumbar back (26.4%), Arm (25.3%), Thoracic back and neck (17.0%), and Foot and lower leg (12.1%).ConclusionThe overall results indicate high levels of symptoms of mental health problems and poor sleep quality in both rock-climbers and controls. Although no significant differences between the climbing group and the control group was displayed, symptoms that warrant clinical attention is high. Overuse injuries were commonly reported among the rock-climbers in all examined injury locations. Previous studies reporting mental health problems to be more prevalent among athletes were contradicted in this study. The results display the need for a broader perspective regarding climbers general health and the need to provide structured care and adequate support in order to come to terms with these concerns.

Early Detection of Mental Health Problems in the Family: A Case Study of PRA Tirtonirmolo Selatan Bantul Yogyakarta

Abstract. The globalization era has entered the industrial revolution 4.0 which encourages increased connectivity, interaction, and optimal use of communication technology in human life. This development has the potential to empower individuals and communities as it can create new opportunities in economic, social, and personal development. However, this trend is also accompanied by a significant increase in the number of mental disorders. This problem is felt by PRA of Tirtonirmolo Selatan, where people in the neighborhood tend to be ignorant and unconcerned about mental health symptoms that are actually already owned by several people around them. Awareness of the importance of mental health only emerged when there was a case of murder of one of its cadres by his own family members who experienced mental disorders. To anticipate the potential threat of mental disorders in the future, it is necessary to explore how the community in the Tirtonirmolo Selatan neighborhood understands mental health and what efforts to increase community awareness about potential mental health problems. The approach used was to conduct promotion and prevention aimed at cadres and members of PRA Aisyiyah as the driving force for early detection. The result was that there were misconceptions and negative perspectives about mental health. After raising awareness about mental health, an early detection movement for symptoms of mental health problems was carried out through the formation of an information cluster on mental health problems involving PRA of Tirtonirmolo Selatan cadres.

Associations between mental health problems and Adverse Childhood Experiences ACEs in indigenous and non-indigenous Mexican adolescents

BackgroundAdverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have long-term consequences. The ACEs model has been extensively used in high-income countries. However, its effectiveness has yet to be demonstrated in low and middle-income countries and marginalized social groups. In indigenous populations, research has found inconsistent results in the prevalence and the relationship between ACEs and mental health outcomes. Therefore, the objectives of this study were 1) to determine the ACEs frequency among indigenous and non-indigenous Mexican adolescents; 2) to test the association between ACE scores and symptoms of Mental Health Problems (SMHP) in both groups; and 3) to review the ACEs model adequacy for the indigenous adolescents. Participants and settingsData from an online survey in 20 of the 32 states of Mexico were analyzed. We selected an 87 adolescent sample from indigenous families and 174 non-indigenous matched for age, sex, and state of residence, with a mean age of 16 years; 60 % were women. MethodsACE-IQ questionnaire and Youth Self Report instrument (eight SMHP) were used to collect data. ACEs' frequency was analyzed for each group, and Pearson correlations were used to identify the relationship between ACEs and SMHP. ResultsThere was no statistical significance between Indigenous and non-Indigenous adolescents in the ACEs report. ACE scores were associated with eight SMHP. Correlations between ACE score and SMHP were higher in non-indigenous adolescents. ConclusionsACEs were experienced similarly by both groups and were associated with mental health in all participants. Further research is needed to improve ACEs measurement in indigenous populations.

Self-reported and parent-reported mental health in children from low-income families in Agder, Norway: results from baseline measurements of New Patterns project participants

BackgroundPoverty may pose risks to child and adolescent mental health, but few studies have reported on this association among children and adolescents in low-income families in Norway.MethodsBased on a sample...

Parental drinking, mental health and educational level, and offspring’s subsequent prescription drugs treatment for sleep problems. A longitudinal HUNT survey and registry study

BackgroundParental drinking, mental health and family socioeconomic status are all associated with offspring sleep problems, but there is a paucity of research that considers the effect of risk factors, as they co-occur within and across families. Also, sleep problems are closely linked with mental health problems. Disentangling the effects on one or the other are important. We examined whether parental risk constellations are differently associated with offspring’s subsequent prescription drug use for sleep problems during nine years with or without prescription drug use for anxiety and/or depression.MethodsThe sample included 8773 adolescent offspring of 6696 two-parent families who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study in Norway. The exposures were five parental risk constellations, previously identified via Latent Profile Analysis, characterized by drinking frequencies and quantities, mental health, and years of education. The outcomes were dispensed prescription drugs in offspring during 2008–2016 for (a) only sleep problems (b) sleep problems and anxiety/depression or (c) only anxiety/depression. We used multinomial logistic regression to model the odds of the outcomes.ResultsCompared to the overall low-risk parental constellation, none of the risky constellations were significantly associated with increased risk of being dispensed prescription drugs only for sleep problems. Offspring from two different risk profiles were at increased risk for being dispensed both sleep and anxiety/depression prescription drugs. These were parental profiles marked by (1) low education, symptoms of mental health problems and weekly binge drinking in both parents (OR 1.90, CI = 1.06;3.42); and (2) frequent heavy drinking in both parents and symptoms of mental health problems in fathers (OR 3.32, CI = 1.49;7.39). Offspring from the risk profile with lowest parental education had increased risk of only anxiety/depression prescription drugs (OR 1.25, CI = 1.05;1.49).ConclusionOur findings suggest that parental risk constellations are not associated with increased risk of offspring receiving sleep medications without also receiving anxiety/depression medications, as two risk constellations were associated with increased risk of dispensation of both sleep and anxiety/depression prescription drugs. Receiving both may be an indication of severity. The findings underscore the importance of including measures of mental health problems when investigating sleep problems to avoid misattribution of effects.

Mental health problems in elite sport: the difference in the distribution of mental distress and mental disorders among a sample of Norwegian elite athletes

ObjectivesTo, based on diagnostic interviews, investigate the distribution of mental disorders among a sample of Norwegian elite athletes with ‘at-risk scores’ on a self-report questionnaire measuring symptoms of mental health...

Physical Activity, Mental Health, and Quality of Life among School Students in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey When Returning to School after the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Increasing evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) can reduce depression and anxiety in adolescents. At the same time, quality of life (QoL) is sensitive to both mental health and PA, but little is known about the mechanism between these three variables among adolescents. This study aimed to assess the physical activity, mental health, and quality of life of school students when they returned to school after two years of distance learning in the Jazan region. This current investigation represented an observational cross-sectional survey conducted in January 2022 among a random sample of 601 students from intermediate and high schools in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Three standardized questionnaires were used for data collection; the Arabic version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS21), and the Fels PAQ for children. The analysis revealed a moderate level of physical activity, decreased HRQoL, and symptoms of mental health problems (anxiety, depression, and stress) among the schools' students when they returned to school following COVID-19 lockdown. The overall Pediatric Quality of Life mean score was (81.4 ± 16.4), which differed significantly according to gender, age groups, and grade levels (p < 0.05 for all). There was a negative correlation between the overall quality of life and mental health domains. Sport was negatively correlated with mental illness symptoms and positively correlated (p < 0.05) with Pediatric Quality of Life. The regression models revealed that stress was a significant predictor for the quality of life of male and female adolescents ([β = -0.30, (95% CI (-0.59) to (-0.02), p < 0.05)] and [β = -0.40, (95% CI (-0.70) to (-0.01), p < 0.05)], respectively). The analysis revealed a moderate level of physical activity among the schools' students when they returned to school following COVID-19 lockdown. Children's involvement in physical activity was associated with improved quality of life and mental health. The results call for the need to develop appropriate intervention programs to increase school students' physical activity levels.

Screening for Mental Health Disorders among Adults Using the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire: A Community-based Study

Abstract Background: Screening the adult population for mental disorders is essential for early diagnosis and prompt treatment. The current study aimed to assess adults’ prevalence and predictors of mental health disorders. Methodology: This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 1056 adults. After obtaining their written informed consent, trained workers administered the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Epi Info software for Windows. Results: Out of 1056 study participants, 121 (11.5%) suffered from any mental health disorder. The most common mental health disorder was depression (5.1%), followed by anxiety (4.6%), somatoform disorder (2.8%), probable alcohol abuse (1.8%), and panic disorder (1.5%). In the logistic regression model, the odds of suffering from any mental health disorder were significantly higher among those having a chronic disease (odds ratio [OR] =1.8 [1.1–2.9]) and currently consuming tobacco (OR = 2.0 [1.2–3.3]), as compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Around one-tenth of the study population suffered from any mental health disorder, the most common being depression. It is imperative that the general population be made aware of the signs and symptoms of mental health problems. Patients should be encouraged to seek early treatment for their mental health problems.

The psychosocial consequences of covid-19 in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury

BackgroundYoung people have been especially affected by the psychosocial consequences of the covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 has potentially also been more stressful for vulnerable groups with mental health problems.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, the psychosocial effects of covid-19 in a vulnerable group of adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) from a sample of 1602 Swedish high-school students were examined. Data were collected in 2020 and 2021. First, adolescents with and without NSSI were compared on how they perceived the psychosocial impact of covid-19, and second, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to examine whether lifetime NSSI experience was associated with perceived psychosocial consequences of covid-19, when demographic variables and symptoms of mental health problems were controlled for. Interaction effects were also examined.ResultsSignificantly more individuals with NSSI reported being burdened by covid-19 compared to those without NSSI. When demographic variables and mental health symptoms were controlled for, adding NSSI experience did not, however, increase the amount of variance explained in the model. The total model explained 23.2% of the variance in perceived psychosocial impact of covid-19. Perceiving the family’s financial situation as poor and neither good nor bad, studying a theoretical high school program, symptoms of depression and difficulties with emotion regulation were significantly associated with perceived negative psychosocial impact of the covid-19 pandemic. There was a significant interaction effect between NSSI experience and depressive symptoms. The effect of NSSI experience was larger when depressive symptoms were lower.ConclusionsLifetime NSSI experience in itself was not associated with psychosocial covid-19 consequences when other variables were controlled for, whereas symptoms of depression and difficulties with emotion regulation were. Results imply that vulnerable adolescents with mental health symptoms need special attention and access to mental health support in order to prevent further stress and worsening of mental health symptoms in the wake of the covid-19 pandemic.

Uniting hearts and minds: experiences from a pilot festival of youth creative expressions on mental health in India

Mental-health-related social stigma prevents youth from seeking timely help for mental health problems. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a pilot arts intervention to reduce such stigma among college youth in India. The intervention included three sessions, focused on i) mental health education, ii) developing mental-health-themed art, and iii) a mental-health-themed festival to display art for an invited audience. We assessed feasibility through creation of student-generated art and acceptability in post-intervention surveys and video recordings. The intervention was completed by 371 participants who created 86 works of art (paintings, puppet-shows, drama, dance, and poetry), which was displayed to 434 audience members at uniting hearts and minds: a festival of creative expressions on mental health. Participants self-reported understanding causes and symptoms of mental health problems, interpreting experiences and expressed empathy (n = 194). Our pilot intervention engaged youth, showing potential to reduce mental-health-related stigma and to address feasibility issues related to reaching all colleges uniformly.

Mental (ill-)health of Swiss elite athletes

Mental health encompasses both mental health problems and well-being (Uphill et al., 2016). In recent years, world-renowned athletes, including Simone Biles, Michael Phelps, and Naomi Osaka, have directed public attention to the issue of mental health in elite sport by talking openly about their own problems in this regard. Empirical data on levels of well-being and the extent of common mental disorders among current Swiss elite athletes is limited, as previous studies were based on small samples and confined to certain age groups, sports, and/or a single disorder and did not include well-being (e.g., Gerber et al., 2022). In addition, the efforts of Swiss sport federations to support or promote athletes’ mental health have not been investigated or evaluated. A representative sample of Swiss athletes (N = 1003, Mage = 21.69, SDage = 7.09, 54% women, 37% team sports, 10% injured) answered questions about symptoms of mental health problems (i.e., PHQ-9, GAD7, SCOFF, ASSQ; Bender et al., 2018; Hill et al., 2010; Kroenke et al., 2001; Spitzer et al., 2006) and their well-being (MHC-SF). We also asked about the extent of basic need satisfaction (Heissel et al., 2018) and perceived organizational support. Overall, the numbers on symptoms of mental health problems (17% depression, 10% anxiety, 22% eating disorders, 18% sleep disorders) and well-being are comparable to other elite sport samples (Reardon et al., 2019) and the general Swiss population. However, we found large group differences. For example, 52% of women athletes were affected by at least one mental disorder symptom, compared with 30% of men athletes. Injured athletes were most affected in terms of depressive symptoms (28%). The study also shows that need satisfaction and frustration in conjunction with demographic factors is related to well-being and symptoms of mental health problems. Furthermore, the more support athletes perceive from their federations, the better their mental health. We conclude that a substantial proportion of athletes are affected by mental problems and more measures are needed to improve this situation, for example through supporting need satisfaction in the sport setting.

Gender Differences in Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study on Talented School Students in Iran (2019)

Background: A considerable percentage of school-age children and adolescents have signs and symptoms of mental health problems. Gender differences can also be important in mental health status. In Iran, talented students are selected through an entrance exam to enter special schools called SAMPAD. Mental health problems in talented school students can also be affected by gender. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of mental health problems of Iranian students studying in SAMPAD junior high schools, aiming to identify gender differences in emotional and behavioral problems. Methods: The study population of this cross-sectional study consisted of male and female students aged 12 - 15 years, in the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades studying in SAMPAD schools of Semnan province, Iran, within the academic year of 2019 - 2020. Sampling was performed by the stratified-cluster random method. The tool used to assess students’ mental health was the standardized Persian version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire related to adolescence, which is used to screen mental health problems in 11-17-year-old adolescents. Results: A total of 112 (52 boys and 60 girls, mean age: 14.0 ± 0.8 years) and their parents participated in the study. The prevalence of mental health problems was estimated at 19.6% (95% CI: 12.3 - 27.0%) and 14.3% (95% CI: 7.8 - 20.8%) according to the student questionnaire and the parents’ questionnaire, respectively. Based on the questionnaire completed by the students, the lack of prosocial behaviors was higher in female students (25% compared to 7.7%, P = 0.017). Based on the questionnaire completed by the parents, it was still significantly higher in female students than in male students (31.7% compared to 7.7%, P = 0.001). The frequency of conduct problems was higher in boys than in girls, according to the parents’ questionnaire (26.9% compared to 10%, P = 0.026). Conclusions: Girls regarding strengthening prosocial behaviors and boys regarding conduct problems require attention and effective action in SAMPAD junior high schools. Screening programs and holding periodic consultations to timely diagnose the problems mentioned above are recommended to the school officials and parents of students.

Gender Differences in Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study on Talented School Students in Iran (2019)

Background: A considerable percentage of school-age children and adolescents have signs and symptoms of mental health problems. Gender differences can also be important in mental health status. In Iran, talented students are selected through an entrance exam to enter special schools called SAMPAD. Mental health problems in talented school students can also be affected by gender. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of mental health problems of Iranian students studying in SAMPAD junior high schools, aiming to identify gender differences in emotional and behavioral problems. Methods: The study population of this cross-sectional study consisted of male and female students aged 12 - 15 years, in the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades studying in SAMPAD schools of Semnan province, Iran, within the academic year of 2019 - 2020. Sampling was performed by the stratified-cluster random method. The tool used to assess students’ mental health was the standardized Persian version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire related to adolescence, which is used to screen mental health problems in 11-17-year-old adolescents. Results: A total of 112 (52 boys and 60 girls, mean age: 14.0 ± 0.8 years) and their parents participated in the study. The prevalence of mental health problems was estimated at 19.6% (95% CI: 12.3 - 27.0%) and 14.3% (95% CI: 7.8 - 20.8%) according to the student questionnaire and the parents’ questionnaire, respectively. Based on the questionnaire completed by the students, the lack of prosocial behaviors was higher in female students (25% compared to 7.7%, P = 0.017). Based on the questionnaire completed by the parents, it was still significantly higher in female students than in male students (31.7% compared to 7.7%, P = 0.001). The frequency of conduct problems was higher in boys than in girls, according to the parents’ questionnaire (26.9% compared to 10%, P = 0.026). Conclusions: Girls regarding strengthening prosocial behaviors and boys regarding conduct problems require attention and effective action in SAMPAD junior high schools. Screening programs and holding periodic consultations to timely diagnose the problems mentioned above are recommended to the school officials and parents of students.

Mental health’s description of Jenderal Soedirman University students pasca Covid-19 pandemic

Mental health can affect a person's physical health and productivity, so mental health aspects are important to pay attention to. Ironically, the prevalence of mental health problems continues to increase with the COVID-19 pandemic, including among adolescents. This is indicated by the increasing number of anxiety disorders, depression, and suicide attempts. The purpose of this study was to find out the picture of mental health among college students after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted on 174 students in Banyumas Regency who were selected using a consecutive technique with 2 weeks of data collection. Mental health conditions are measured by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) instrument. The data were analyzed univariately by displaying the frequency distribution values. The results of the study showed that 60.7% of the respondents had mental health problems, and only 29.3% were mentally healthy. The most common symptoms of mental health problems experienced by respondents were fatigue (77.6%), anxiety, tension, and worry (65.6%), and difficulty making decisions (58.6%). It was also found that 24 respondents had thoughts of ending their lives. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the majority of respondents have mental health problems, as indicated by physical, psychological, and cognitive symptoms. Mental health services are needed to reduce symptoms and restore students' mental health.

The Mental Health of Swiss Elite Athletes

Mental health is an important topic in competitive sports, but there is only limited data from Switzerland. Although mental health is a prominent topic, it is difficult to estimate the efforts of Swiss sports federations to promote mental health. A representative sample of Swiss athletes (N = 1003, <em>M</em>_age = 21.69, <em>SD</em>_age = 7.09, 54% women, 37% team sports, 10% injured) answered questions about symptoms of mental health problems and their well-being. We also asked about the extent of basic need satisfaction and perceived organizational support. Overall, the numbers on symptoms of mental health problems (17% depression, 10% anxiety, 22% eating disorders, 18% sleep disorders) and well-being are comparable to other elite sport samples and the general Swiss population. However, we found large group differences. For example, 52% of women athletes were affected by at least one mental disorder symptom, compared with 30% of men athletes. Injured athletes were most affected in terms of depressive symptoms. The study also shows that need satisfaction and frustration in conjunction with demographic factors is related to well-being and symptoms of mental health problems. Furthermore, the more support athletes perceive from their federations, the better their mental health. We conclude that a substantial proportion of athletes are affected by symptoms of mental disorders and more measures are needed to improve this situation, for example through supporting need satisfaction in the sport setting.

Factors affecting Nursing Performance during COVID- 19 Period at Taif Government Hospitals

During epidemics, nurses play a crucial role in reducing direct exposures and offering direct patient care. The main purpose of the present study was to identify the factors affecting nursing performance during the COVID-19 period in Taif Government hospitals, Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 580 nurses from thirteen government hospitals in Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a survey consisting of a 24-item checklist. Descriptive statistics were done, and inferential statistics were done by SPSS. Ethical considerations were strictly followed throughout the study. The findings of this study demonstrated that the constant fear of infection, uncertainty about the future, and nurse burnout were the main factors influencing nursing performance. Additionally, the results indicated that more than half of staff nurses in different hospitals in Taif reported experiencing mild to moderate symptoms of mental health problems, anxiety, depression, and burnout. Lastly, nursing shortages, prolonged shifts, limited access to Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs), and increased workloads were the main secondary contributory factors affecting nursing performance. Evidence from the study suggests that nurses across government hospitals in Saudi Arabia require massive support to handle mounting COVID-19 infections. From receiving PPEs to minimizing staffing shortages and emotional support and counselling, nurses must be at the forefront of care. This will aid nurses in carrying out their duties effectively in the fight against COVID-19. Most importantly, hospitals must ensure that all nurses operate in conducive environments with increased attention to their physical and mental wellbeing.

Model of Recovery Approaches For Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder From The Quranic Verses

Introduction: The implications of repetition of unwanted thoughts and activities are symptoms of mental health problems that can affect the activities of daily living for most individuals. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is one of the five major types of anxiety disorders. Highlights on the OCD recovery mechanisms were found to be suitable to be integrated with the Quran-based rehabilitation methods. Methods: This study aims to analyse OCD recovery methods based on the interpretation of the Quranic verses. Based on qualitative methods, this study proposes a Model of recovery approaches for Obsessive-compulsive disorder from the Quranic verses. Thematic content analysis was conducted on the compilation of Quranic verses related to the term waswas based on the authoritative works of tafasir (Interpretation books of The Quran) and shuruh al-Ahadith (Books of hadiths explanations). Results: The findings showed that the discourse of five verses regarding the term waswas (doubts) in the Quran contains complementary solutions to the problem of OCD. The complementary solutions were also found in line with the guidelines of Act 775 - Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act 2016. Conclusion: The OCD recovery process based on the Quran deserves to be dignified as a model of complementary treatment of OCD problems.

The general health status of newly arrived asylum seekers in Denmark.

The number of asylum seekers in Europe is increasing and is likely to do so continuously due to conflicts, poverty and climate. Asylum seekers are exposed to many health risk factors related to their migration process and this study aimed to explore their general health status on arrival at an immigration country. A retrospective study including 1907 general health assessments (GHAs) of adult asylum seekers arriving in Denmark between 1 September 2017 and 31 December 2019 was undertaken. The GHA is offered to all adult asylum seekers as part of the health-care reception programme. Only asylum seekers who attended the GHA within 1 month of their arrival in Denmark were included. Data comprised sociodemographic factors, health outcomes, and indication of exposure to trauma and torture. Data were described by absolute and relative frequencies, means and through regression analyses. The majority of asylum seekers were male (58.6%) of Middle Eastern origin with a mean age of 33.6 years (SD = 12.1). More than half (60.1%) of the participants had one or more physical health complaints, whereas mental health complaints were less frequent (25.0%). Asylum seekers, who had been exposed to trauma were more likely to have physical health complaints (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.22;1.89) and to have symptoms of mental health problems (OR 12.71, 95% CI 8.76;18.45). These complaints were substantially elevated for survivors of torture. This relatively high prevalence of health complaints, both physical and mental, emphasises the necessity of providing appropriate and timely health care from the very beginning of the asylum process.

Psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in selected primary schools in Tanzania

Psychosocial wellbeing is among the important components of the general wellbeing of an individual and crucial for children's survival and development. The current study aimed at investigating psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in selected primary schools in Tanzania. The study employed concurrent mixed methods design with 463 participants. 419 orphaned children obtained using simple random sampling filled in questionnaires. 12 head teachers, 12 guardian teachers and 20 orphaned children were purposively selected and involved in the in-depth semi-structured interviews. The Strength and Difficult Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess psychosocial wellbeing along with interviews. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data while thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The total difficult scores of 30.8% (n = 419) revealed that orphan children had emotional and behavioural problems which also connotes for the symptoms of mental health problems that tremendously affected their learning behaviours at school. Moreover, qualitative findings revealed that orphan children had feelings of unhappiness and discomforts which interfered with their academic activities. Based on the results, the study recommends an intervention study on promoting psychosocial awareness of orphan children in Tanzania primary schools and in-service trainings on guidance and counselling service provision among guardian teachers in government and privately owned primary schools in Tanzania.