Symptoms Of Colon Cancer Research Articles

Probiotic Lactobacillus brevis CLB3 prevents azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon carcinogenesis in mice by reducing amino acid transport and IL-17A levels and repressing the IL-6/AKT/p-STAT3 signaling pathway

Abstract Amino acid intake plays a crucial role in the Warburg effect of cancer. Gut microbes can regulate intestinal amino acid metabolism. However, it is still unknown whether probiotic therapy can protect the host from intestinal tumor invasion by reducing amino acid intake. With in vitro methods, three acid-tolerant strains from fermented pickles were screened out. Using azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon cancer models, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus brevis CLB3, Lactobacillus plantarum XLP, and Lactobacillus johnsonii CM on model mice. Their functional mechanisms were further explained through anatomy section, quantitative reverse transcrip­tion polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemical staining analyses as well as database mining and gut culturomics. The Lactobacillus brevis (L. brevis) CLB3 treatment significantly improved the clinical signs and symptoms of colon cancer, alleviated colon damage, and inhibited colon carcinogenesis in mice. In addition, this treatment significantly increased gut cultivable Lactobacillus abundance, inhibited the expression and translation levels of the tumor metabolism-related solute carrier (SLC) amino acid transporter including SLC7A5 and SLC7A11, lowered circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) levels, and improved the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and cancer proliferation factors. These findings suggest that L. brevis CLB3 can reduce amino acid transport, inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and enhance intestinal anti-tumor immune responses, which provides a potential targeting amino acid transporter strategy for preventing colorectal cancer.

Therapeutic effect of the Indigenous drug modality in the management of Adenocarcinoma of colon – A case report based on cytokines expressions

A clinical study was conducted from May to July 2017 in the outpatient department of Bandaranaike Memorial Ayurvedic Research Institute (BMARI), Navinna, Sri Lanka to test the antitumor activity of the indigenous drug modality which is used to manage the colon cancer. A forty year old colon cancer patient volunteered to the study. Ethical approval has been taken from the Institute of Indigenous Medicine, University of Colombo Sri Lanka. Detailed history, clinical examinations and relevant investigations were conducted at BMARI and the Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ruhuna. Three herbal formulations namely SG powder- 5g/day, KY powder -10g/day and A1 powder -10g/day were given for the patient throughout 90 days of study. Serum Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Interleukin-5 (IL-5), Interleukin 17 (IL-17), Interferon (IFN)-ɣ and p53 Upregulated Modulator of Apoptosis (PUMA) were quantified using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) before and after the treatments (after 45 and 90 days) as these cytokines play a significant role in tumor growth control. Tumor marker expression and stool samples were tested before and after treatments (after 45 and 90 days). Symptoms of colon cancer were significantly decreased during the treatment along with changes in tumor markers. According to the results of the ELISA, IL-2, IFN-ɣ and IL-17 concentrations were increased significantly after the treatment and expression level increased in all three cytokines over time indicating the possible control of colon cancer growth by the drug modality. Further investigations are required to evaluate the mechanism of effectiveness of this indigenous drug modality in controlling carcinoma of colon.

Review on Colonrectal Cancer

The aim of the study of colon cancer is to introduce the basic information of cancer cell and the basic information of colon cancer. The research on colon cancer gave the information about hallmarks of cancer cell. exaggerated continuous proliferation, resistance to cell death as well as tumor suppressors, angiogenesis, spreading and metastasis and replicative immortality, the symptoms of colon cancer: Frequent bowel dysfunction (Diarrhea-constipation), Abdominal pain, nausea & vomiting, Pain during defecation, and Bloating, the types of colon cancer: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and Lynch syndrome, nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer, and the treatment of colon cancer: Treatment strategies differ according to the stage and development of the tumor. Surgery and adjuvant chemo are the two common methods in stages 2 and 3 of the disease. Palliative care is most common in patients at stage 4 to improve quality of life. The information which extracted from papers from other researchers formed the research of colon cancer.

Thrombosis of the deep dorsal penile vein and corpora cavernosa of the penis as the first symptoms of colon cancer. Case report and literature review

The case describes an 86-year-old man with thrombosis of the deep dorsal vein and corpora cavernosa of the penis who developed symptoms 4 months before hospitalisation. An accurate imaging diagnostics supplemented with a biopsy of the corpus cavernosum confirmed the initial diagnosis. Moreover, an adenocarcinoma of the hepatic flexion of the colon with numerous metastatic lesions, including those to the crus of penis were found. Diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties were described and the results obtained were discussed in the context of available literature.

What Filipinos, the world’s number one Internet users, want to know about cancer: A Google search analysis from 2015 to 2019.

23 Background: Filipinos were the world’s heaviest Internet users in 2018. It has been shown that they use the Internet to actively search for health-related information, but it has not yet been determined what kinds of information are sought. There is a gap in our present understanding of the information needs of the Filipino population in relation to cancer. The study assessed the cancer-related information needs of Filipinos using Internet search data from March 2015 to May 2019. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was done using Google AdWords Keyword Planner to identify search terms related to cancer from Internet users from the Philippines from June 2015 to May 2019. The identified search terms were assessed descriptively using Microsoft Excel version 16.26. The search terms were qualitatively categorized and described. Results: A total of 806 cancer-related search terms were identified, with 13,632,890 Google web searches, during the period under review. The top ten search terms with the highest monthly search volume in the Philippines (n=4,741,600, 34.78%) were “cancer,” “breast cancer,” “cervical cancer,” “prostate cancer,” “colon cancer,” “breast cancer symptoms,” “lung cancer,” “lung cancer symptoms,” “colon cancer symptoms,” and “lungs.” In this time period, Filipinos sought information on cancer-related signs and symptoms (n=3,307,640, 24.26%) and cancer treatment (n=604,070, 4.43%). Filipinos also searched for alternative, herbal, and natural cancer treatments, but the search volume accounted for a low percentage of the total searches (n=8,710, 0.06%). Searches for the search term, “cancer,” were highest on January to February, a trend observed from January 2016 to 2019. Conclusions: Our study provides insight into the cancer-related information needs of the Filipino population. This information may inform the development of targeted, cost-effective awareness campaigns through the Internet, which may be more effective if launched at the beginning of each year.

ROLE OF ASPIRIN AS PROPHYLAXIS AGAINST COLORECTAL CANCER

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (Bowel Cancer) is cancer of colon and rectum that are the parts of large intestine. [1] Symptoms are pain on defecation, blood and mucus in feces.[2] Risk factors of colon cancer are certain diet that is red meat, alcohol, and meat that is processed, obesity, smoking, and lack of physical activity.[3, 4]. Others factors are old age, type three personalities and usage of spicy foods. People with inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), familial adenomatous polyposis are at high threat of cancer of colon and rectum. This can be prevented by using aspirin usage in long term.[5,6,7]. In high danger families, cancer of colon can be prevented by using aspirin and colonoscopies are recommended in these families.[8,9] Colorectal cancer can be diagnosed by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.[10,11,12] .Most of people (50 %) do not report any signs and symptoms of colon cancer.[13,14]. Streptococcus gallolyticus is associated with colorectal cancer.[15, 16]
 Objective: To find out the role of aspirin as prophylaxis against colorectal cancer.
 Methodology: This descriptive retrospective study was conducted in the Ibnae –Sienna Hospital Multan from January 2016 to August 2017. 100 patients of each group between 50-65 years of age were included in the study; all were male whose were taken aspirin for pain killer and for fever as routine since long term and 100 male patients of same age not used aspirin. Date analysis was carried out using SPSS version 19 Software. Results: All were male patients 100 (100 %) 50-65 years of age. Most of the patients (98) 98 % who used aspirin in the past have no colorectal cancer as compared to patients (18) 18 % who not taken aspirin in the past have colorectal cancer.
 Conclusion: Patients used aspirin since long have very least possibilities of colorectal cancer

Assessment of knowledge in patients of surgical wards regarding clinical symptoms and diagnostics of most common malignant tumors

Aim of the studyThe aim of this work was to evaluate the knowledge of symptoms and prophylaxis among hospitalized patients.Material and methodsThe research was carried in the Provincial Hospital in Bydgoszcz (i.e. general surgery, gynecology and obstetrics, urology, breast surgery and thoracic surgery). 250 hospitalized patients took part in the tests, as well as 50 healthy people. The scientific method used was a specially designed questionnaire. The Bioethics Committee of Collegium Medicum of Mikołaj Kopernik University in Bydgoszcz approved these tests.ResultsPatients from the Breast Diseases Ward had better knowledge about cancers than the control group. Symptoms of lung cancer were known to both groups to the same extent. Patients from the Clinical Ward of Thoracic Surgery were very knowledgeable about lung cancer, but they did not know anything about other malignant types of cancer. Patients from Gynecology and Obstetrics wards are better than the control group only at knowledge about symptoms and screening of cervix cancer. Patients from the Urology Ward have the best knowledge about screening of prostate cancer and colon cancer. Those hospitalized at the Surgery Ward do not know symptoms of colon cancer, but they have knowledge about its screening.Conclusions Patients from the Clinical Ward of Thoracic and Cancer Surgery and the Clinical Surgery Ward had the least knowledge about malignant tumors.Patients from Urology, Gynecology and Obstetrics wards have better knowledge about malignant tumors treated there.

Evaluation of magnetic scope navigation in screening endoscopic examination of colorectal cancer

BackgroundColorectal cancer is the most common cancer in Europe. Early diagnosis and treatment gives the patient a chance for complete recovery. Screening colonoscopies in the symptom-free patients are currently performed on a wide scale. The examinations are performed under local anesthesia which does not eliminate all discomfort and pain related to the examination. The aim of this study was to evaluate magnetic scope navigation in screening endoscopic examinations performed to detect early-stage colorectal cancer.MethodsThe study group consisted of 200 patients, aged 40–65 years, who were free from colon cancer symptoms. All patients underwent complete colonoscopy under local anesthesia. The equipment could be fitted with the scope that allows three-dimensional observation of instrument localization in the bowel. The examination was performed by three experienced endoscopists, each of whom performed over 5,000 colonoscopies. The patients were randomized to two groups: those whose equipment did not have 3D navigation (group I) and those whose equipment did have 3D navigation (group II). Each group consisted of 100 cases matched by gender, age, and BMI. The authors compared the duration of introducing instrument to cecum, the pulse rate before the examination and at the time the instrument reached the cecum, and subjective pain evaluation by the patient on the visual analog scale.ResultsGroup I consisted of 54 women and 46 men with a mean age of 54.6 years and mean BMI of 27.8 kg/m2, and group II had 58 women and 42 men, mean age of 55.1 years and mean BMI of 26.4 kg/m2. The average time it took for the instrument to reach the cecum was 216s in group I and 181s in group II (P < 0.05). Pain measured on the 10-point VAS scale was 2.44 in group I and 1.85 in group II (P < 0.05). The results showed a significantly shorter time for the instrument to reach the cecum in group II and significantly lower pain intensity during the examination was reported by the group II patients. No significant differences were found in the pulse measurements between the groups (P = 0.5).Conclusions3D navigation during colonoscopy decreases the time for the instrument to reach the cecum and lowers pain intensity subjectively reported by the patients. The use of 3D and the possibility to observe instrument localization and maneuvers brings more comfort to the patients.

Delivery of a Polyp

Colorectal cancer is uncommon during pregnancy. Although there is overlap between symptoms of colon cancer and normal pregnancy, clinicians should be vigilant identifying those at risk and offer colorectal cancer screening when appropriate. Three women in their 30s passed or prolapsed adenomatous tissue per rectum during the second stage of labor. Further evaluation lead to the diagnosis of premalignant lesions or colorectal cancer in each case. Colorectal cancer can present in young women of childbearing age, especially in those with a genetic predisposition. It may present with the prolapse or passage of tissue during vaginal delivery. Appropriate referral and screening are of critical importance for those at risk, especially those with a family history or pertinent physical findings.

Metastatic Colon Cancer in pregnancy: a treatment concept

Colorectal cancer during pregnancy is rare, with an estimated incidence of 0.002%. This type of cancer tends to have a poor prognosis that is attributable to delays in diagnosis and advanced disease at diagnosis. The diagnosis frequently is delayed because symptoms of colon cancer, such as nausea and vomiting, and constipation, are often attributed to the usual manifestations of pregnancy. A 40-year-old 5th gravida 2nd para in the 26th gestational week underwent a laparotomy at another hospital for acute abdomen following persistent constipation during her pregnancy. After transfer to our institution a MRI examination revealed a 5,0×4,2cm mass of the sigma with adjacent lymphadenopathy and suspicion of hepatic metastasis. Sigmoidoscopy showed complete obstruction located 25cm from the anus and the biopsy confirmed the suspicion of adenocarcinoma of the sigma. In a multidisciplinary setting the patient diagnosed with stage IV colorectal carcinoma underwent laparotomy with resection of the anterior sigma-rectum with descendostomia at 25+4th gestational weeks. The postoperative course was uneventful and the pregnancy progressed without further problems. The patient is receiving 5-FU 2g/qm q1w for adjuvant treatment. Termination of pregnancy and completion of the oncologic staging is scheduled for 32+0 weeks of gestation. The complex treatment of colorectal cancer in pregnancy is based on the gestational age of the fetus, tumor stage, and need for emergent vs. elective surgery. If the diagnosis occurs in the first trimenon of pregnancy, significant tumor progression may occur if surgery is delayed until the fetus is viable. In the 2nd and third trimenon resection could be delayed until after the infant is delivered. Colorectal cancer in pregnancy presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The treatment regimen requires a multidisciplinary approach involving experts in obstetrics, neonatology, gastrointestinal surgery, and medical oncology.

Reported symptoms, diagnostic delay and stage of colorectal cancer: a population‐based study in Denmark

The primary prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) is stage. Any association between symptoms, diagnostic delay and stage may have implications for the clinical course of the disease. We examined the association between symptoms and diagnostic delay and between symptoms and stage, and assessed whether the associations differed for colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC). Population-based prospective observational study based on 733 Danish CRC patients. Diagnostic delay and patients' reported symptoms were determined through questionnaire-interviews. Dukes' stage was obtained from medical records and pathology forms. Diagnostic delay was categorized into three delay groups: < or = 60, 61-150 and > 150 days. Stage was classified into nonadvanced (Dukes' A and B) or advanced (Dukes' C and D) cancers. We calculated the frequency of the most frequently reported initial symptom or symptom complex for CC and RC patients, and evaluated the frequency of patients with different initial symptoms/symptom complexes in the three delay groups. For the most frequent initial symptoms/symptom complexes, we calculated the frequencies according to stage, and estimated the relative risk of having an advanced stage, with 95% confidence intervals. The most frequent initial symptoms/symptom complexes were very vague symptoms for CC and rectal bleeding for RC. For both CC and RC, rectal bleeding was significantly associated with nonadvanced stage. The relative risk of having an advanced cancer was 0.6 for monosymptomatic rectal bleeding and 0.7 for rectal bleeding combined with other symptoms. Initial symptoms of CC were often very vague, making it difficult to identify a precise start date. The most frequent initial symptom/symptom complex for RC - rectal bleeding - was better defined. Rectal bleeding was significantly associated with nonadvanced CC and RC and a significantly decreased relative risk of having an advanced cancer.

Improving outcomes in colonic cancer.

Many of the symptoms of colon cancer do not start until the tumour has spread outside the bowel, and treatment at this stage has reduced chances of cure. Early detection and the optimum combination of surgery and adjuvant treatment can make a significant impact on outcome.

COLON CANCER DURING PREGNANCY: The Gastroenterologist's Perspective

Colon cancer during pregnancy is uncommon but not rare, with an estimated incidence of several hundred cases per year in the United States. This type of cancer tends to have a poor prognosis that is attributable to delays in diagnosis and advanced disease at diagnosis. The diagnosis frequently is delayed because symptoms of colon cancer, such as rectal bleeding, nausea and vomiting, and constipation, often are attributed to normal pregnancy or minor complications of pregnancy. Pregnancy affects the diagnostic evaluation and therapy of colon cancer because of fetal risks of diagnostic tests and therapy. Appropriate medical evaluation of significant lower gastrointestinal complaints during pregnancy can lead to an earlier and improved diagnosis.