Symmetric Point Research Articles

Calculation of Structural, Electronic, Optical, Dynamic and Thermoelectric Properties of Monolayer made of Carbon and Nitrogen

In this research, using the Win2k software based on the Cohen–Sham equations and applying the density functional theory with the help of the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW), the dynamic, electronic, optical and thermoelectric parameters of the C5N monolayer have been physically investigated. The results of electronic properties calculations indicate that the C5N monolayer has metallic and nonmagnetic properties. The maximum absorption of higher energies occurs at the energy of 11.98[Formula: see text]eV in the [Formula: see text] direction. In the [Formula: see text] direction, the peaks are evident in the range of the visible light region at energies of 1[Formula: see text]eV and 3[Formula: see text]eV while no peak is observed in the visible light region in the [Formula: see text] direction. In addition, the phonon dispersion diagram is calculated by the linear response approach along the symmetric points for this structure. The outcomes provide no negative modes in the phonon spectrum, expressing that these structures are dynamically in equilibrium. The use of Boltzmann transfer theory with the relaxation time approximation to investigate the thermoelectric properties of the C5N monolayer reveals that the low Seebeck coefficient and the increase of thermal conductivity by increasing temperature leads to a very small ZT for the above monolayer. The minimum value of the Seebeck coefficient at the temperature of 300[Formula: see text]K is −45[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V/K, and with increasing temperature, it exhibits an upward trend to reach −17[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V/K under a temperature of 600[Formula: see text]K, meaning that the low value of the Seebeck coefficient (less than 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V/K) is in agreement with the metallic nature of this monolayer. The metallic property of this structure is considered an important feature in fabricating electrodes (batteries).

Applicability of using dynamic MRI to evaluate alleged cranial rhythmic impulse (CRI)

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility of using dynamic MRI to measure the features of cranial rhythmic impulse (CRI).Design and settingFifteen healthy participants (9 females and 6 males, aged 25 to 77) underwent dynamic MRI in a sagittal T2 HASTE view at a rate of 0.60 Hz for 30 s. The MRI videos were analyzed using video tracking software. Three points were marked: the glabella, the midpoint of the sella turcica, and a symmetrical point of the glabella on the occiput. The distances between these points were measured across 46 frames. Amplitudes and rates of asymmetrical CRI waves were calculated using Excel formulas.ResultsThe mean wave frequencies were 5.65 Hz for the anteroposterior distance, 6.2 Hz from sella turcica to occiput, and 6.76 Hz from sella turcica to glabella. The mean wave amplitudes were 0.39 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.49 mm for the respective distances. Both intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and reliability coefficient (R) indicated excellent reliability (R, ICC > 0.90). The technical error of measurement (TEM) exceeded 1 mm for the anteroposterior and sella-to-occiput distances, while it was 0.32 mm for the sella-to-glabella distance.ConclusionsDynamic MRI demonstrates potential in measuring the features of CRI, particularly in assessing CRI wave rate. While the ICC values indicate high reliability, the TEM values suggest that using MRI to measure CRI wave amplitude may only be dependable for the distance from the sella to the glabella.

Fermion mass hierarchy in modular flavor symmetry

The modular flavor symmetry is studied to explain the mass hierarchy of quarks and leptons. In this review, at first, we introduce briefly the framework of the modular symmetries and its residual symmetries, and then, present the general framework of generating the mass hierarchy close to the symmetric points of modulus without fine-tuning. Finally, we present a minimal [Formula: see text] modular invariant model of quarks. We then describe how to obtain the hierarchical quark mass patterns in the vicinity of [Formula: see text] and investigate the flavor structure of the quark mass matrices. The results of our study show that describing correctly the quark mass hierarchies without severe fine-tuning and the CP violation is remarkably challenging within the modular invariance approach to flavors.

Mechanical Dynamics Around Higher‐Order Exceptional Point in Magno‐Optomechanics

AbstractDiverse exceptional points (EPs) are theoretically studied in an experimentally feasible magno‐optomechanics consisting of an optomechanical subsystem coupled to a magnomechanical subsystem via physically direct contact. By adiabatically eliminating both the cavity and the Kittel mode, dissipative and parity‐time symmetric exceptional points can be observed. When only the cavity mode is eliminated, a second (third)‐order pseudo‐Hermitian EP emerges for nondegenerate (degenerate) mechanical modes. The distinct dynamical behavior of two mechanical modes around these EPs are further studied. The proposal provides a promising way to engineer diverse EPs and quantify non‐Hermitian phase transition with exceptional dynamical behavior in magno‐optomechanics.

Field of view-independent detection of secondary mirror position errors in coaxial reflecting space telescopes using deep learning

The operation of coaxial reflecting space telescopes in orbit is affected by adjustments and space disturbance, causing position errors in the secondary mirror (SM), which reduce resolution and seriously affect imaging quality. Most existing methods for detecting SM position errors rely on wavefronts or images obtained from one or more fixed field of views (FOVs), yet the inherent uncertainty of the FOV can lead to significant errors in detecting SM position errors. To address this problem, this paper, believed to be the first, proposes an FOV-independent SM position error detection method for coaxial reflecting space telescopes based on a pair of symmetric positive and negative defocus point spread functions (PSFs) and the dual-branch convolutional neural network (DB-CNN). First, a nonlinear relationship between the SM position errors and the PSFs at arbitrary FOV is established, using the DB-CNN. Then, the method using a pair of symmetric positive and negative defocus PSFs at arbitrary FOV to obtain the position errors of the SM is proposed, and the simulation results show that, despite the uncertainty of the FOV, the SM position errors can be detected with high precision. This approach enables SM position error correction independent of the FOV, significantly enhancing the imaging quality. Finally, a modified method is proposed to address the problem caused by the primary mirror (PM) figure errors. Simulations prove that the SM position errors can be accurately obtained even in the presence of PM figure errors.

Ostrich eggshell beads: Hole drilling technology at Little Muck Shelter, South Africa

Ostrich eggshell beads (OES) are commonly found in forager sites across sub-Saharan Africa. Although they have received a reasonable amount of investigation, the drilling technology used to perforate OES beads has received little attention. As a result, not much is known about this technology. Providing a basic tool form for these drills could be useful for future researchers to identify such tools in assemblages, or to prompt revisiting older assemblages to identify these types of tools, which might have been overlooked or misidentified. This study made use of experimentation and use-wear to determine the types and shapes of materials most effective for perforating OES. It was determined that early foragers most likely used micro-lithic drills made from small, but thick, flake blanks that were retouched along the laterals to create a near symmetrical point with a tetrahedral tip. At Little Muck Shelter the base of the flake was also shaped to resemble a tang that likely aided hafting. This tool form can act as a basis to help researchers identify similar technology which can be studied and help broaden our understanding of the complexity of forager technology.

PETAL – LIKE OTOPLASTY IN THE TREATMENT OF PROTRUDING EARS

Introduction. Approximately 5% of humanity suffers from inborn protruding ears, and usually this condition causes marked psychosomatic disorders. Despite years of experience gained in aesthetic surgery, optimal technique of otoplasty is yet to be elaborated. The Aim of the Research. To develop a method of surgical correction of congenital bulging ears in order to optimize the immediate and long-term results of otoplasty. Material and methods. We have analysed the outcomes of 120 patients operated for congenital protruding ears at Lviv City Cosmetologic Hospital between 2020 and 2023. Distance between mastoid process and the concha exceeding 20 mm, and auriculo-cephalic angle over 30° were used as objective criteria of protruding ears. Surgical improvement of tall concha and increased auriculo-cephalic angle were identified as key vectors in elaboration of the original otoplasty technique. Results of the Research. With local anaesthesia, an S-shaped incision is made to the depth of perichondrium of posterior surface of the cartilage of the ear. Once subcutaneous dissection is completed, preoperative markup is transferred with injection needles from anterior surface to posterior surface of the conchal cartilage. A full depth arch-shaped incision of conchal cartilage is made. Perichondrium and skin of anterior surface of the concha are mobilized with a raspatory, from the chondral «petal» to the margin of external meatus. Basis of the chondral «petal» is dissected by 2/3 of its depth along the vertical axis between the pedicle of the helix, and the antitragus. In order to reliably fix the auricula, the cartilage is stitched to the mastoid process with three mattress sutures on the ventral surface of the «petal». Finally, excessive skin is carefully resected, and the wound is closed with continuous suture, with dead space elimination for hematoma prevention. Our technique has the following significant advantages: Unique conchal cartilage is kept entirely, therefore it can be used as auto-transplant in the future. The technique does not significantly affect the rheology of auricula. With this technique correction and modification of antihelical curve and radius is possible; if necessary, width of auricula can be corrected, and auricular height to width ratio can be modified. The proposed «petal» technique significantly reduces the rate of postoperative complications, such as recurrent protruding ears. Postoperatively, the size of external meatus is not reduced, hence no hearing deterioration. The outcomes of the technique we have developed were assessed 6 months after otoplasty as good, satisfactory and unsatisfactory. Good outcome: preservation of symmetry and anatomical «standard» of both auriculas, no recurrence throughout follow-up, and no impairment of sensation in the external ear. Satisfactory outcome: anatomical «standard» of the organ is preserved, with permissible error of up to 3 mm in the symmetrical points on the right and left auriculas, not requiring additional correction. Conclusions. 98 (81,3%) patients operated by the proposed «petal» technique assessed their otoplasty outcome as good, 17 (14,3%) of patients assessed the outcome of surgery as satisfactory. 5 (4,3%) patients were not satisfied with the outcome of surgery. These patients were operated during the early period of development of the technique.

Sharp coefficient bounds for a class of symmetric starlike functions involving the balloon shape domain

Recent research has extensively explored classes of starlike and convex functions across various domains. This study introduces a novel class of symmetric starlike functions with respect to symmetric points and associated with the balloon shape domain. We establish the explicit representation of all functions in this class. We determine the sharp bounds for the initial four coefficients, the sharp Fekete-Szegö inequality, and the sharp bound for the second Hankel determinant for every function in the newly defined class. Furthermore, we present the new findings on the inverse and logarithmic coefficients sharp bounds for all functions belonging to this class.

Numerical conformal bootstrap with analytic functionals and outer approximation

This paper explores the numerical conformal bootstrap in general spacetime dimensions through the lens of a distinct category of analytic functionals, previously employed in two-dimensional studies. We extend the application of these functionals to a more comprehensive backdrop, demonstrating their adaptability and efficacy in general spacetime dimensions above two. The bootstrap is implemented using the outer approximation methodology, with computations conducted in double precision. The crux of our study lies in comparing the performance of this category of analytic functionals with conventional derivatives at crossing symmetric points. It is worth highlighting that in our study, we identified some novel kinks in the scalar channel during the maximization of the gap in two-dimensional conformal field theory. Our numerical analysis indicates that these analytic functionals offer a superior performance, thereby revealing a potential alternative paradigm in the application of conformal bootstrap.

Hankel and symmetric Toeplitz determinants for Sakaguchi starlike functions

Abstract. In this paper, we consider the class of starlike functions with respect to symmetric points which are also known as Sakaguchi starlike functions. We de- termine best possible bounds on Zalcman conjecture |a_n^2 – a_(2n-1) | and generalized Zalcman conjecture |aman − am+n−1| for n = 2 and n = 4, m = 2, respectively for such functions. Further, we compute estimate on third order and fourth order Hankel determinants. As well, we also obtain estimates on third and fourth symmetric Toeplitz determinants. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 30C45, 30C80. Keywords: Starlike function, Sakaguchi starlike functions, Zalcman conjecture, third and forth order Hankel determinants, second, third and fourth order symmetric Toeplitz determinants.

Identification of the damage location for the structural sealant based on deep learning

Structural sealants are essential to maintain the safety of panel units of hidden frame glass curtain wall. Damage localization of the concealed structural sealant is still difficult because of the unknown baseline model. In this paper, a convolutional neural network-based identification method is proposed to localize the damage of structural sealants without the baseline model. The method develops a novel input of the convolutional neural network (CNN), multi-symmetry-point images (MSPI), which is encoded by the response of four symmetrical points to impulse excitations. The CNN would identify the damage location by discerning differences among four images. Then, a dataset with 28803 samples, which considers the effect of the multiple damages and noise, was used to train the CNN. Three types of transformed images and four CNN models were compared to optimize the input signals and the configuration of the CNN. A series of numerical examples indicated that the Gram angle difference field is the optimal image transformation method, and improved-DenseNet121 is the optimal CNN for damage localization in structural sealants. Then, several laboratory experiments validate the effectiveness of the optimized image input and CNN with an accuracy rate of 92 % in the identification of damage location.

Sharp Results for a New Class of Analytic Functions Associated with the q-Differential Operator and the Symmetric Balloon-Shaped Domain

In our current study, we apply differential subordination and quantum calculus to introduce and investigate a new class of analytic functions associated with the q-differential operator and the symmetric balloon-shaped domain. We obtain sharp results concerning the Maclaurin coefficients the second and third-order Hankel determinants, the Zalcman conjecture, and its generalized conjecture for this newly defined class of q-starlike functions with respect to symmetric points.

An evaluation of the effect of the use of platelet-rich fibrin on tonsillectomy results

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of liquid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) during tonsillectomy on postoperative results. Patients and methodsThis study included 41 patients who underwent tonsillectomy between April 2022 and January 2023. Liquid-PRF at a dose of 1 ​cc was injected to three different points of one of the tonsil fossae, selected at random intraoperatively. The same amount of physiological saline was injected to the symmetrical points on the opposite tonsil fossa using the same size injector. Pain, wound healing, and bleeding were evaluated on postoperative days 1, 7, and 14. The data of both sides were compared statistically as the study and control sides. ResultsThe pain scores were the highest for both sides on postoperative day 1, and gradually decreased in the following days, with no significant difference determined between the sides (p ​> ​0.05). Wound healing rates in the 1st week and 2 ​nd ​week were similar for both sides. Although there were more patients who have 100 ​% epithelization in the PRF group on the postoperative day 14, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p ​> ​0.05). ConclusionsThe injection of PRF following tonsillectomy had no significant effect on postoperative pain, wound healing, or bleeding.

Motor fault diagnosis based on multisensor-driven visual information fusion

To need of accurate motor fault diagnosis in industrial system, we propose a fault diagnosis framework that utilizes motor current and electromagnetic signals, combining them with a self-attention-enhanced capsule network for enhanced signal analysis and accuracy. Firstly, the original signal extracted by multiple sensors is constructed into a symmetric point mode (SDP) image, and the visual fault information of different sensors and fusion signals of different motion health states are obtained by the proposed multi-channel image fusion method. Then, the capsule network, combined with self-attention, extracts spatial features from the high-dimensional tensor of the multi-channel fused image for adaptive recognition and extraction. Subsequently, advanced feature vector information is obtained through softmax for diagnosis. Diagnosis results of several datasets indicate that the developed diagnosis framework with compressed image information can availably identify 8 kinds of motor fault states under various loads, and the fault diagnosis rate is as high as 99.95 %, it is helpful for low cost and high-speed diagnosis of motors. In addition, by learning multiple sensor signals in the same state, it obtains stronger robustness and effectiveness than a single signal model.

Universality and the thermoelectric transport properties of a double quantum dot system: Seeking for conditions that improve the thermoelectric efficiency

Employing universal relations for the Onsager coefficients in the linear regime at the symmetric point of the single impurity Anderson model, we calculate the conditions under which the quantum scattering phase shift should satisfy to produce the asymptotic Carnot’s limit for the thermoelectric efficiency. We show that a single quantum dot connected by metallic leads at the Kondo regime cannot achieve the best thermoelectric efficiency. We study a serial double quantum dot system, with the quantum dots immersed in ballistic conduction channels. Each QD exhibits a strong but finite local electronic correlation UU. We show that maintaining one dot in the electron-hole symmetric point and allowing charge fluctuations in the other QD makes it possible to drive the system to the maximum thermoelectric efficiency. We also show that the bound states in the continuum (BICs) and quasi-BICs associated with the quantum scattering interference process drive the DQD to the maximum thermoelectric efficiency. We identify two types of quasi-BICs that occur at low and high temperatures: The first is associated with single Fano resonances, and the last is with several Fano processes. We also discussed possible temperature values and conditions that could be linked with the experimental realization of the results.

Hankel and Toeplitz Determinants of Logarithmic Coefficients of Inverse Functions for the Subclass of Starlike Functions with Respect to Symmetric Conjugate Points

This paper focuses on finding the upper bounds of the second Hankel and Toeplitz determinants, whose entries are logarithmic coefficients of inverse functions for a new subclass of starlike functions with respect to symmetric conjugate points associated with the exponential function defined by subordination. Results on initial Taylor coefficients and logarithmic coefficients of inverse functions for a new subclass are also presented. This study may inspire others to focus further to the coefficient functional problems associated with the inverse functions of various classes of univalent functions.

Coefficient Functionals of Sakaguchi-Type Starlike Functions Involving Caputo-Type Fractional Derivatives Subordinated to the Three-Leaf Function

A challenging part of studying geometric function theory is figuring out the sharp boundaries for coefficient-related problems that crop up in the Taylor–Maclaurin series of univalent functions. Using Caputo-type fractional derivatives to define the families of Sakaguchi-type starlike functions with respect to symmetric points, this article aims to investigate the first three initial coefficient estimates, the bounds for various problems such as Fekete–Szego inequality, and the Zalcman inequalities, by subordinating to the function of the three leaves domain. Fekete–Szego-type inequalities and initial coefficients for functions of the form H−1 and ζH(ζ) and 12logHζζ connected to the three leaves functions are also discussed.

Easy bootstrap for the 3D Ising model: a hybrid approach of the lightcone bootstrap and error minimization methods

As a simple lattice model that exhibits a phase transition, the Ising model plays a fundamental role in statistical and condensed matter physics. The Ising transition is realized by physical systems, such as the liquid-vapor transition. Its continuum limit also furnishes a basic example of interacting quantum field theories and universality classes. Motivated by a recent hybrid bootstrap study of the quantum quartic oscillator, we revisit the conformal bootstrap approach to the 3D Ising model at criticality, without resorting to positivity constraints. We use at most 10 nonperturbative crossing constraints at low derivatives from the Taylor expansion around a crossing symmetric point. The high-lying contributions are approximated by simple analytic formulae deduced from the lightcone singularity structure. Surprisingly, the low-lying properties are determined to good accuracy by this computationally very cheap approach. For instance, the results for the two relevant scaling dimensions (∆σ, ∆ϵ) ≈ (0.518153, 1.41278) are close to the most precise rigorous bounds obtained at a much higher computational cost.

DK/Dπ scattering and an exotic virtual bound state at the SU(3) flavour symmetric point from lattice QCD

Elastic S-wave scattering of a charm meson with a light pseudoscalar meson in JP = 0+ is investigated in the flavour 3¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\overline{\ extbf{3}} $$\\end{document}, 6 and 15¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\overline{\ extbf{15}} $$\\end{document} sectors at the SU(3)f flavour point using lattice QCD, working on three volumes with mπ ≈ 700 MeV. Large bases of interpolating operators are employed to extract finite-volume spectra, which are subsequently used with the Lüscher method to provide constraints on infinite-volume scattering amplitudes. Examining the singularities of the amplitudes, the S-wave amplitude in the flavour 3¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\overline{\ extbf{3}} $$\\end{document} sector is found to contain a deeply bound state, strongly coupled to elastic threshold, corresponding to the JP=0+Ds0∗2317\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ {J}^P={0}^{+}\\ {D}_{s0}^{\\ast }(2317) $$\\end{document}. In the exotic flavour 6 sector a virtual bound state is found at spole\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\sqrt{s_{\ extrm{pole}}} $$\\end{document} = 2510 – 2610 MeV, roughly 40 – 140 MeV below threshold, whereas the 15¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\overline{\ extbf{15}} $$\\end{document} channel shows weak repulsion.

Subclasses of λ-Pseudo Starlike Functions With Respect to Symmetric Points Associated With Conic Region

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study a new subclass ρτκs,Σλ(α, P(z)) of the class Σ of biunivalent functions defined in the unit disk, called λ-bi-pseudo-starlike, with respect to symmetric points associated with conic region impacted by Janowski functions. Further we determine the Fekete-Szego result for the function class.