Symmetric Motion Research Articles

Primary Breathing Survey Emergency with Oxygen Need Optimization and Nurse Caring on Covid-19 Patients in IGD UKI RSU Jakarta: Case Study

Emergency in Covid-19 is a respiratory tract infection caused by a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) so that it can cause a decrease in oxygen levels in patients with saturation <95% Objective: To carry out emergency nursing care for19 patients Covid-. 19 with the measures in Primary Survey and Secondary Survey order to increase oxygen saturation >95%, reduce shortness of breath, regular breathing rhythm with a frequency of 20x/minute, symmetrical chest movements, and no chest muscle retraction Methods: The method of case study results uses a descriptive approach with a process approach. nursing care, independent action by monitoring the frequency of breath and oxygen saturation as well as giving the semi-fowler position, collaborative action by giving high concentration oxygen Non-Rebreathing Mask 10 liters/minute. Results: The patient's shortness of breath has been reduced with oxygen saturation increasing 99%, chest movement is symmetrical, irregular breathing rhythm 24x/minute is still partially resolved and the patient does not appear restless after being given high concentrations of oxygen. Conclusion: It takes speed and attitude caring towards patients to overcome anxiety and empathy, especially being a good listener by always providing support so that patients are always motivated to recover and providing independent action and the right collaboration of health workers so that the handling of Covid-19 can be resolved

Spatial Bridge Locking Fixator versus Traditional Locking Plates in Treating AO/OTA 32-A3.2 Fracture: Finite Element Analysis and Biomechanical Evaluation.

ObjectiveTo compare the biomechanical behaviors of the spatial bridge locking fixator (SBLF), single locking plate (SP), and double locking plate (DP) for AO/OTA 32‐A3.2 fractures using finite element analysis and biomechanical tests.MethodsAxial loading of 700 N was conducted on the AO/OTA 32‐A3.2 model via finite element analysis. The von Mises stress and the interfragmentary movement (IFM) were comparatively analyzed in the three configurations above. On the mechanical tester, axial and torsional loading of 30 synthetic femurs (five specimens of each configuration for each test at random) was performed, and the interfragmentary movement, torsion angle, stiffness, and ultimate load were recorded and analyzed.ResultsThe finite element analysis (FEA) results showed that the von Mises stress of the spatial bridge locking fixator (SBLF) was lower than that of the single locking plate (SP) and higher than that of the double locking plate (DP). At 700 N, the axial IFMs were 0.15–0.38 mm (SBLF), 0.03–0.84 mm (SP), and 0.02–0.07 mm (DP). The biomechanical experiment indicated that the axial interfragmentary movements (IFMs) were 0.44 ± 0.23 mm (SBLF), 1.02 ± 0.40 mm (SP), and 0.07 ± 0.07 mm (DP) (p < 0.001). The axial IFM of the SBLF group had the highest probability (79.26%) of falling within the ideal range (0.2–0.8 mm), and the SP and DP groups had probabilities of 27.10% and 3.14%, respectively. The axial stiffness in the SBLF group (1586 ± 130 N/mm) was significantly lower than that in the DP group (10,264 ± 2671 N/mm) (p < 0.001) but greater than that in the SP group (725 ± 178 N/mm) (p = 0.396). The range of axial loads to ultimate failure was 3385–4527 N (SBLF), 3377–4664 N (SP), and 3780–4804 N (DP). The shear motion of the fracture end was 0.35 ± 0.14 mm (SBLF), 0.16 ± 0.10 mm (SP), and 0.08 ± 0.04 mm (DP) (p < 0.001). The torsional stiffness was 1.68 ± 0.14 Nm/degree (SBLF), 2.32 ± 0.29 Nm/degree (SP) (SBLF&SP, p < 0.001), and 3.53 ± 0.73 Nm/degree (DP) (SBLF&DP, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe SBLF structure may exhibit a better biomechanical performance compared with the SP and DP in providing the best quantity and more symmetrical interfragmentary movement for AO/OTA 32‐A3.2 fractures.

Bilateral upper extremity motor priming (BUMP) plus task-specific training for severe, chronic upper limb hemiparesis: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

BackgroundVarious priming techniques to enhance neuroplasticity have been examined in stroke rehabilitation research. Most priming techniques are costly and approved only for research. Here, we describe a priming technique that is cost-effective and has potential to significantly change clinical practice. Bilateral motor priming uses the Exsurgo priming device (Exsurgo Rehabilitation, Auckland, NZ) so that the less affected limb drives the more affected limb in bilateral symmetrical wrist flexion and extension. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a 5-week protocol of bilateral motor priming in combination with task-specific training on motor impairment of the affected limb, bimanual motor function, and interhemispheric inhibition in moderate to severely impaired people with stroke.MethodsSeventy-six participants will be randomized to receive either 15, 2-h sessions, 3 times per week for 5 weeks (30 h of intervention) of bilateral motor priming and task-specific training (experimental group) or the same dose of control priming plus the task-specific training protocol. The experimental group performs bilateral symmetrical arm movements via the Exsurgo priming device which allows both wrists to move in rhythmic, symmetrical wrist flexion and extension for 15 min. The goal is one cycle (wrist flexion and wrist extension) per second. The control priming group receives transcutaneous electrical stimulation below sensory threshold for 15 min prior to the same 45 min of task-specific training. Outcome measures are collected at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up (8 weeks post-intervention). The primary outcome measure is the Fugl-Meyer Test of Upper Extremity Function. The secondary outcome is the Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Index-Nine, an assessment of bimanual functional tasks.DiscussionTo date, there are only 6 studies documenting the efficacy of priming using bilateral movements, 4 of which are pilot or feasibility studies. This is the first large-scale clinical trial of bilateral priming plus task-specific training. We have previously completed a feasibility intervention study of bilateral motor priming plus task-specific training and have considerable experience using this protocol.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03517657. Retrospectively registered on May 7, 2018.

A dynamical study on sea waves interaction with an array of circular elastic floaters of aquaculture fish cages

In this paper, linear oblique wave incident to circular elastic floaters of aquaculture fish cages was studied semi-analytically. This work's unique research objectives include considering the array of elastic floaters where each floater consists of two tori with minor differences in their main radii. Hydrodynamic interaction between the inner and outer of each floater body and hydro-elastic interaction between floaters in the array are the particular features of the problem. Using slender body theory and matched asymptotic expansions, each 3D problem was decomposed into two separate, more straightforward problems named near-field and far-field problems. This approach helps derive fundamental solutions for symmetric and antisymmetric motions. Also, using linear wave theory, the diffracted and radiated waves due to the presence of floaters were expressed in Fourier modes of symmetric and antisymmetric motions. Moreover, Graf's and Gegenbauer's addition theorems for Bessel functions are used to shift between different coordinate systems. This approach is helpful to bridge on calculating related integrals numerically. The developed model verification by BEM-based software demonstrates that the model solves the mathematical formulas with enough accuracy. The effect of various parameters such as floater dimensions, wavenumber, the distances between floaters, and the bending stiffness of floater on the floater's motions was studied. The results demonstrate that as the wavenumber increases, the floater's hydro-elastic interaction becomes essential. Furthermore, the upstream floaters do encounter larger wave loads than a single floater in waves.

Condensed finite element scheme for symmetric multi-layer structures including dilatational motion

Condensed models act as useful tools to reduce the computational time in the finite element simulations by describing the dynamic behaviour of the multi-layer structure with only one equivalent homogeneous layer. Many condensed plate models in the literature assume constant velocity through the thickness which allows only anti-symmetric motions like bending and shear, but do not include symmetric motions like dilatational or compressional behaviour. The recently developed condensed model by Marchetti et al. (2021) overcomes this setback by including the symmetric motion through three dynamic intrinsic parameters of the multi-layer structure: a dynamic bending stiffness and two dynamic mass densities. This paper presents a finite element scheme to compute vibro-acoustic quantities from the condensed layer with these three dynamic parameters. It is further showed that the proposed scheme has high computational gain over the conventional full three-dimensional finite element approach.

Asymmetrical magnetic domain wall motion in symmetrical heavy metal/ferromagnet multilayers

In a heavy metal (HM)/ferromagnet (FM)/HM multilayer with a symmetrical sandwich structure, the absence of an interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) is generally expected. A zero iDMI constant is usually verified by the motion of a magnetic domain wall (DW) with a velocity that is symmetrical to the longitudinal magnetic field (symmetrical DW motion). However, asymmetrical DW motion was still experimentally observed in a symmetrical HM/FM/HM multilayer, and its mechanism is unclear. In this letter, we theoretically prove that even in a perfectly symmetrical HM/FM/HM multilayer with a zero total iDMI constant, asymmetrical DW motion is still possible owing to the exchange coupling between the neighboring FM atomic layers in the FM medium. This work paves a way to unraveling unique DW motion in HM/FM multilayers from a deep perspective of the subtle magnetic interactions within a FM medium.

Stochastic Finite-Time Stability for Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Stochastic Impulses

In this paper, some novel stochastic finite-time stability criteria for stochastic nonlinear systems with stochastic impulse effects are established. The results in this paper blackgeneralized the related results in from two aspects: 1. the model in is the deterministic systems, which means that the noise effect that can be described as a symmetric Markov process Brownian motion is considered in our models; 2. the stochastic finite-time stability criterion is established in this paper, not the asymptotic stability and the input-to-state stability that are studied in the form literature. Finally, an example is given to show the significance blackand usefulness of our results.

A TMS-induced cortical silent period delays the contralateral limb for bimanual symmetrical movements and the reaction time delay is reduced on startle trials.

Bimanual actions are typically initiated and executed in a temporally synchronous manner, likely due to planning bilateral commands as a single motor "program." Applying high-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the motor cortex can result in a contralateral cortical silent period that delays reaction time (RT), if timed to coincide with the final motor output stage. The current study examined the impact of a unilateral TMS silent period on the RT and interlimb timing of bilateral wrist extension. In addition, because a loud, startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) can result in the involuntary release of preprogrammed actions via increased reticulospinal activation, it was of interest whether startle-induced speeding of response initiation would moderate the impact of the TMS-induced RT delay. Participants performed blocks of unilateral and bilateral wrist extension in response to an acoustic (82 dB) go-signal. On selected trials, either TMS was applied to the left motor cortex 70 ms before the expected EMG response onset, a SAS (120 dB) replaced the go-signal, or both TMS and SAS were delivered. Results showed that TMS led to a significant RT delay in the right limb during both unimanual and bimanual extension but had no impact on the left limb initiation. In addition, the magnitude of the right limb RT delay was smaller when the response was triggered by a SAS. These results imply that preplanned bimanually synchronous movements are susceptible to lateralized dissociation late into the cortical motor output stage and movements triggered by startle involve increased reticulospinal output.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Bilateral responses are typically planned synchronously and performed symmetrically. Here, we show that delaying the initiation of one limb using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to produce a cortical silent period does not impact the other limb during bimanual movements. Also, the TMS-induced delay is reduced when a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) triggers the movement. These results confirm that tightly coupled bilateral responses can be dissociated by contralateral TMS- and SAS-triggered responses involve greater reticulospinal output.

Glottic Insufficiency in the Vertical Plane in Patients With Unknown-Source Unilateral Vocal Fold Hypomobility

To observe the laryngeal CT and strobe laryngoscopy signs of unilateral vocal fold hypomobility (UVFHM) in patients with well-closed glottises in the horizontal plane. A retrospective analysis was performed on 18 subjects with well-closed glottises in the horizontal plane using strobe laryngoscopy, 9 patients diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold hypomobility with an unknown etiology were enrolled in the UVFHM group, and 9 healthy matched subjects with symmetrical bilateral vocal fold movement were enrolled in the control group. Vertical plane distances of bilateral vocal folds and three-dimensional structural parameters of vocal folds were measured through laryngeal CT. Glottic insufficiency in the vertical plane and reflux findings scores (RFS) were assessed under laryngeal CT and strobe laryngoscopy. Reflux symptom index (RSI) were collected. SPSS25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The height differences in vertical plane and thicknesses of bilateral vocal folds in the UVFHM group were larger than those in the control (P < 0.05), while the length, width and subglottic convergence angle of the vocal folds were not statistically significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the UVFHM group, laryngeal CT showed that 77.78% of patients (7/9) had glottic insufficiency in the vertical plane, with height differences ranging from 0.3 to 1.9 mm and a mean of 0.76mm. However, strobe laryngoscopy showed that 33.33% (3/9) had glottic insufficiency in the vertical plane. The proportion of patients with glottic insufficiency in vertical plane in the UVFHM group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). RSI and RFS scores of the UVFHM group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Glottic insufficiency in the vertical plane often occurred in patients with UVFHM with an unknown cause of hoarseness, so the presence of glottic insufficiency in the vertical plane should be considered when hoarseness is detected by clinicians. Laryngeal dynamic CT can enhance the diagnostic rate compared to strobe laryngoscopy. Unexplained UVFHM patients have higher RSI and RFS compared to control subjects, warranting further research about the relationship between UVFHM and laryngopharyngeal reflux.

The effect on the BTD of IFRS adoption and the end of the Transitional Tax Regime (RTT) in Brazil

ABSTRACT This paper aimed to evaluate the moderation by variables related to incentives for earnings management (indebtedness, profitability, and size) over the effect of the change in standards (accounting or tax) on the book-tax differences (BTD). The end of the Transitional Tax Regime (RTT) enables us to evaluate the symmetry between the divergence and reconvergence of the accounting and tax standards, helping to identify the moderating effect of characteristics such as size, leverage, and profitability over the use of the discretion allowed by the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Studying the effects of changes in the standards contributes to understanding how they affect accounting information quality, particularly when we observe symmetrical movements of divergence of the accounting and tax standards, such as IFRS adoption, and of reconvergence, with the end of the RTT. The analysis conducted enables us to separate effects of divergence between the tax and accounting standards from the innovations introduced by the IFRS. An understanding of the effect of the standard over accounting information quality contributes to the quality of the work of financial analysts, tax authorities, and regulators. Event studies are conducted to evaluate the effect of IFRS adoption, as well as the end of the RTT, over the BTD (a proxy for earnings management), in cross sections of companies. We use explanatory variables related to incentives to manage book and taxable income (indebtedness, profitability, and size), which could explain the ambiguity of the results in the literature. The article provides evidence that the indebtedness and size of companies influence the effect of IFRS adoption, as well as of the end of the RTT. We observed a negative relationship of indebtedness and size with the impact of changes in standards over differences between book and taxable income (BTD).

The Effect of Axial Compression and Distraction on Cervical Facet Cartilage Apposition During Shear and Bending Motions

During cervical spine trauma, complex intervertebral motions can cause a reduction in facet joint cartilage apposition area (CAA), leading to cervical facet dislocation (CFD). Intervertebral compression and distraction likely alter the magnitude and location of CAA, and may influence the risk of facet fracture. The aim of this study was to investigate facet joint CAA resulting from intervertebral distraction (2.5 mm) or compression (50, 300 N) superimposed on shear and bending motions. Intervertebral and facet joint kinematics were applied to multi rigid-body kinematic models of twelve C6/C7 motion segments (70 ± 13 year, nine male) with specimen-specific cartilage profiles. CAA was qualitatively and quantitatively compared between distraction and compression conditions for each motion; linear mixed-effects models (α = 0.05) were applied. Distraction significantly decreased CAA throughout all motions, compared to the compressed conditions (p < 0.001), and shifted the apposition region towards the facet tip. These observations were consistent bilaterally for both asymmetric and symmetric motions. The results indicate that axial neck loads, which are altered by muscle activation and head loading, influences facet apposition. Investigating CAA in longer cervical spine segments subjected to quasistatic or dynamic loading may provide insight into dislocation and fracture mechanisms.

Hybrid Predictive Model for Lifting by Integrating Skeletal Motion Prediction With an OpenSim Musculoskeletal Model.

In this study, a novel hybrid predictive musculoskeletal model is proposed which has both motion prediction and muscular dynamics assessment capabilities. First, a two-dimensional (2D) skeletal model with 10 degrees of freedom is used to predict a symmetric lifting motion, outputting joint angle profiles, ground reaction forces (GRFs), and center of pressure (COP). These intermediate outputs are input to the scaled musculoskeletal model in OpenSim for muscle activation and joint reaction load analysis. Finally, the experimental validation is carried out. Static Optimization tool is used to estimate the muscle activation data in OpenSim for the predicted lifting motion. Joint reaction forces of the lumbosacral joint (L5-S1) are generated using the OpenSim Joint Reaction analysis tool. The predicted joint angles, muscle activations, and peak joint reaction forces are compared with experimental data and data from literature to validate the hybrid model. The proposed hybrid model combines the skeletal model's rapid motion prediction with OpenSim's complex muscular dynamics assessment, and it can serve as a new generic tool for motion prediction and injury analysis in ergonomics and biomechanics.

Nonlinear wave resonance due to oscillations of twin cylinders in a uniform current

A higher order finite element method with 8-node element is adopted to analyse the nonlinear wave resonance generated by oscillations of twin cylinders in a uniform current. The velocity potential in the fluid domain at each time step is obtained based on the finite element method through an iteration procedure. Numerical results are provided for twin rectangular cylinders undergoing specified oscillations in a uniform current at resonant frequencies. The effects of current on the wave and hydrodynamic force at the resonant frequencies are studied in detail and it is found that the resonance happens at all first-order resonant frequencies for both symmetric and antisymmetric motions of the cylinders. In particular, in addition to the first-order resonant frequency, the maximum wave elevation and horizontal force at resonance always regularly increase or decrease as the increase of the absolute value of Froude number or the spacing between two cylinders within the range of larger spacings. A similar trend can be also observed in the oscillational frequency of cylinders at resonance. Some results are also compared with those by linear solution and its superposition with the second-order, their difference at different Froude numbers are also discussed.

Upper Body Movement Symmetry in Reining Quarter Horses during Trot In-Hand, on the Lunge and during Ridden Exercise.

Simple SummaryVeterinary lameness examinations often include assessment of the horse while ridden. Movement symmetry data are commonly used to aid veterinary decision making in lame horses. Reference data are available for horses ridden in ‘English style’, but not specifically for horses ridden in ‘Western style’ with considerable differences in head–neck position, tack and riding style. Upper body movement symmetry was measured in thirty reining Quarter Horses (QHs) during trot in-hand, lunged and ridden by one experienced rider on reining-purpose riding surfaces. Movement was marginally more symmetrical in the ridden horse, with small differences of 1–5 mm. Typical for soft surfaces, movement asymmetry indicated reduced weight support with the limb on the inside of the circle and reduced pushoff with the opposite limb. The small but significant asymmetry differences between in-hand and ridden exercise in QHs ridden in ‘Western style’ necessitate further studies in lame horses. Particular focus should be put on investigating the role of ridden exercise for highlighting differences between specific lameness causes and weight bearing and pushoff forces with the lame limb on the inside or outside of the circle.Veterinary lameness examinations often comprise assessing ridden horses. Quantitative movement symmetry measurements can aid evidence-based decision making. While these are available for ‘English’ style riding, they are not for ‘Western’ style riding. This quantitative observational study quantified movement symmetry in reining Quarter Horses (QHs). Movement symmetry of the head, withers and sacrum (differences between minima, maxima and upward amplitudes) were quantified with inertial sensors in N = 30 medium/high level reining QHs during trot in-hand, on the lunge and ridden by one experienced rider (straight-line/circles) on reining-purpose riding surfaces. Mixed linear models for movement symmetry assessed the effects of ridden exercise and movement direction (fixed factors), stride time (covariate) and horse (random factor): single factors and two-way interactions with Bonferroni correction at p < 0.05. Three withers and pelvic parameters showed marginally more symmetrical movement when ridden (p ≤ 0.044; 1–5 mm differences). Three withers, three sacrum and one head parameter were significantly affected by movement direction (all p ≤ 0.026), five showed increased asymmetry on the inside rein, and two, quantifying vertical displacement maximum difference, showed the opposite. Riding QHs in ‘Western’ style showed small movement symmetry differences. Circular exercise confirmed increases in weight bearing asymmetry on the inside rein and in pushoff asymmetry on the outside rein. This should be further investigated for differentiating between different causes of lameness.

ФЕТОСКОПИЧЕСКАЯ КОРРЕКЦИЯ МИЕЛОМЕНИНГОЦЕЛЕ – ПЕРВЫЙ РОССИЙСКИЙ ОПЫТ

This study presents the first successful experience of fetoscopic repaire of myelomeningocele (MMC) in the Russian Federation, performed in the fetus at the 27th week of gestational age (GA). The article presents a clinical case of fetoscopic treatment of MMC in a fetus at 27 weeks' gestation. At 18–19 weeks. gestation, an ultrasound examination revealed a congenital malformation of the fetal CNS – spina bifida, MMC of the lumbosacral spine (L2–S1), Arnold-Chiari anomaly type II, hindbrain hernia, occlusive hydrocephalus. Basic endotracheal anesthesia was used in the mother and additional anesthesia in the fetus, which was carried out immediately after insertion of instrumental ports into the uterus. The spinal cord was released by making an incision along the edge of the skin-epithelial zone existing between the placode and the skin, allowing the neural plate to literally fall to the bottom of the spinal canal. Then, a Durepair® prosthesis (Medtronic, USA) was implanted into the edges of the defect. The skin flaps were brought together along the midline using a continuous suture made from the innovative Stratafix® notched suture material (Ethicon, USA). After birth, the results of the control ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as motor function in the lower extremities and the state of the sphincters of the bladder neck and rectum were evaluated. A girl was born with a body weight of 2200 g, GA – 36 weeks. The APGAR score was 8–9 points. The results of the primary medical examination revealed a slight decrease in the tone of the muscles of the lower extremities, however, spontaneous movements were noted in both lower extremities. The newborn had a dosed discharge of urine and meconium, she did not need bladder catheterization and enemas. Examination of the surgical site revealed a well-formed scar with no signs of CSF leak and no pseudomeningocele formation. Spontaneous, symmetrical movements were noted in all limbs, including movements of the hips, knees, and ankles. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed moderate ventriculomegaly, reversal of the hindbrain hernia, and no signs of spinal cord fixation to the dura mater prosthesis. By the 1st year of life, the child walked independently and did not need assistance with walking, as well as additional neurosurgical interventions that are required to correct hydrocephalus, including correction of urinary and stool diversion disorders, orthopedic deformities. Fetoscopic surgery is a promising alternative to open prenatal treatment of MMC, it significantly reduces the risks for the pregnant woman and the fetus, but is a technically difficult operation.

A New Study on Optimization of Four-Bar Mechanisms Based on a Hybrid-Combined Differential Evolution and Jaya Algorithm

In mechanism design with symmetrical or asymmetrical motions, obtaining high precision of the input path given by working requirements of mechanisms can be a challenge for dimensional optimization. This study proposed a novel hybrid-combined differential evolution (DE) and Jaya algorithm for the dimensional synthesis of four-bar mechanisms with symmetrical motions, called HCDJ. The suggested algorithm uses modified initialization, a hybrid-combined mutation between the classical DE and Jaya algorithm, and the elitist selection. The modified initialization allows generating initial individuals, which are satisfied with Grashof’s condition and consequential constraints. In the hybrid-combined mutation, three differential groups of mutations are combined. DE/best/1 and DE/best/2, DE/current to best/1 and Jaya operator, and DE/rand/1, and DE/rand/2 belong to the first, second, and third groups, respectively. In the second group, DE/current to best/1 is hybrid with the Jaya operator. Additionally, the elitist selection is also applied in HCDJ to find the best solutions for the next generation. To validate the feasibility of HCDJ, the numerical examples of the symmetrical motion of four-bar mechanisms are investigated. From the results, the proposed algorithm can provide accurate optimal solutions that are better than the original DE and Jaya methods, and its solutions are even better than those of many other algorithms that are available in the literature.

Time-asymptotics of physical vacuum free boundaries for compressible inviscid flows with damping

In this paper, we prove the leading term of time-asymptotics of the moving vacuum boundary for compressible inviscid flows with damping to be that for Barenblatt self-similar solutions to the corresponding porous media equations obtained by simplifying momentum equations via Darcy’s law plus the possible shift due to the movement of the center of mass, in the one-dimensional and three-dimensional spherically symmetric motions, respectively. This gives a complete description of the large time asymptotic behavior of solutions to the corresponding vacuum free boundary problems. The results obtained in this work are the first ones concerning the large time-asymptotics of physical vacuum boundaries for compressible inviscid fluids, to the best of our knowledge.

Perspectivism and shamanism in the Jungian clinic: the jaguar as an archetypal image of the Latin American cultural unconscious.

Amerindians, living in a perspective of synchronicity, attribute to symmetry a negative value that produces an understanding of unstable dualism cosmologies, in a continuous and dynamic imbalance, in a notion of complementarity between conscious and unconscious. These notions are in line with the view of synchronicity proposed by Jung (1952/1972) and Cambray (2013), a view that expands temporal, acausal boundaries, within a perspective of interconnection, resonance and correspondence. Amerindian epistemologies break-up the discontinuity between animals and humans. By establishing a parallel with the Jungian concept of the relationship between unconscious and conscious, we reach a dimension of personification of both, a continuous and permanent flow of meaning. We introduce the jaguar as a symbol of Amerindian cultures and as an archetypal image of the numinosum that activates the unconscious, in asymmetrical and symmetrical movements. This is a qualitative contribution of indigenous mythologies to the understanding of the relationship between unconscious and conscious. Through perspectivism and Amerindian shamanism, we reflect on the archetypal image of the jaguar, as a mythological Latin American knowledge, which contributes to an understanding of the human being in the world, in an instinctive and spiritual integration. Recognizing this cosmos expands the ability to observe and access another point of view, in which the human being is seen in the jaguar, a personification or psychification of his unconscious. In clinical practice, it means finding the humanity that was left behind by that human who became an animal. The shaman, as a therapist, takes on the role of an active interlocutor in the exchange of human and non-human subjectivities, in an amplification process.

Deformable active nematic particles and emerging edge currents in circular confinements

We consider a microscopic field theoretical approach for interacting active nematic particles. With only steric interactions the self-propulsion strength in such systems can lead to different collective behaviour, e.g. synchronized self-spinning and collective translation. The different behaviour results from the delicate interplay between internal nematic structure, particle shape deformation and particle–particle interaction. For intermediate active strength an asymmetric particle shape emerges and leads to chirality and self-spinning crystals. For larger active strength the shape is symmetric and translational collective motion emerges. Within circular confinements, depending on the packing fraction, the self-spinning regime either stabilizes positional and orientational order or can lead to edge currents and global rotation which destroys the synchronized self-spinning crystalline structure.Graphical abstract

Bilateral motor coordination during upper limb symmetric pushing movements at two levels of force resistance in healthy and post-stroke individuals.

Impairments of the upper limb (UL) are common after a stroke and may affect bilateral coordination. A better understanding of UL bilateral coordination is required for designing innovative rehabilitation strategies. To assess bilateral coordination after stroke using time-distance, velocity and force parameters during an UL bilateral task performed by simultaneously pushing handles on a bilateral exerciser at two levels of force. Two groups were included to assess bilateral coordination on a newly designed bimanual exerciser- One group of individuals at least 3months post-stroke (n=19) with moderate impairment and one group of healthy individuals (n=20). Participants performed linear movements by pushing simultaneously with both hands on instrumented handles. The task consisted of two one-minute trials performed in sitting at two levels of participants' maximum force (MF): 30% and 15%, with visual feedback. Time-distance parameters, spatial, velocity and force profiles were compared between groups, between levels of resistance and the first part (0-50%) and entire duration of the pushing cycles (0-100%). The mean pushing time was longer at 30% MF compared to 15% MF in the stroke group. Spatial profiles, represented by hand positions on the rail, revealed that the paretic hand lagged slightly behind throughout the cycle. For velocity, both groups displayed good coordination. It was less coupled at 30% than 15% MF and a trend was observed toward more lag occurrence in the stroke group. Except for lower forces on the paretic side in the stroke group, the shape of the force profiles was similar between groups, sides and levels of resistance. For all parameters, the coordination was good up to 75% of the pushing cycle and decreased toward the end of the cycle. Individuals after stroke presented with overall spatial and temporal coupling of the UL during bilateral pushing movements. The relay of information at different levels of the nervous system might explain the coordinated pushing movements and might be interesting for training UL coordination.