Symbolic Translation Research Articles

Cross-Cultural Innovative Ski Wear Design from the Perspective of Cultural Symbol Translation

This article delves into the application of Morris' semiotics in innovative clothing design, specifically focusing on constructing a model for the translation and regeneration of cultural symbols in ski wear. By meticulously examining the semantics, syntactics, and pragmatics of cultural symbols, it derives essential styling elements, structural components, and functional attributes for the design. Notably, the study also highlights the gap in research regarding the fusion of local elements into foreign-introduced products, such as ski wear. By exploring the current research status and development trends of cultural symbol theory within the context of innovative ski wear design, this study not only expands the scope of ideas for personalized innovative design of ski wear products but also discusses the potential for extending these conclusions to other types of clothing, thereby contributing to a broader understanding of innovative design practices across the apparel industry.

An Improved Laplacian Gravity Centrality-Based Consensus Method for Social Network Group Decision-Making with Incomplete ELICIT Information

With the advancement of information technology, social media has become increasingly prevalent. The complex networks of social relationships among decision-makers (DMs) have given rise to the problem of social network group decision-making (SNGDM), which has garnered considerable attention in recent years. However, most existing consensus-reaching methods in SNGDM only consider local network information when determining the influence of DMs within the social network. This approach fails to adequately reflect the crucial role of key DMs in regulating information propagation during the consensus-reaching process. Additionally, the partial absence of linguistic evaluations in the decision-making problems also poses obstacles to identifying the optimal alternative. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved Laplacian gravity centrality-based consensus method that can effectively handle incomplete decision information in social network environments. First, the extended comparative linguistic expressions with symbolic translation (ELICIT) are utilized to describe DMs’ linguistic evaluations and construct the incomplete decision matrix. Second, the improved Laplacian gravity centrality (ILGC) is proposed to quantify the influence of DMs in the social network by considering local and global topological structures. Based on the ILGC measure, we develop a trust-driven consensus-reaching model to enhance group consensus, which can better simulate opinion interactions in real-world situations. Lastly, we apply the proposed method to a smart city evaluation problem. The results show that our method can more reasonably handle incomplete linguistic evaluations, more comprehensively capture the influence of DMs, and more effectively improve group consensus.

Consensus reaching in LSGDM: Overlapping community detection and bounded confidence-driven feedback mechanism

The surge of social media has made large-scale group decision-making (LSGDM) crucial in real-world decision-making. The intricacies of trust relationships within social networks that emerged from relations in social media affect both the clustering and the consensus of large groups. However, existing research often neglects the impact of overlapping social trust networks on group consensus. To fill this gap, this study introduces a novel consensus-reaching process (CRP) that integrates overlapping community detection and ELICIT-based optimization models under bounded confidence. Initially, the Lancichinetti-Fortunato method (LFM) is employed to identify overlapping community structures within social trust networks, delineating several subgroups and identifying corresponding non-overlapping and overlapping decision-makers (DMs). Subsequently, the PageRank (PR) algorithm is utilized to compute both global and local weights for individuals, facilitating a rational aggregation of collective and subgroup opinions. Next, two-stage Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions With Symbolic Translation (ELICIT)-based optimization consensus models under bounded confidence are designed, aiming to provide optimal feedback for guiding DMs' preference adjustments. Since overlapping DMs may belong to multiple subgroups, a weighted influence feedback mechanism is introduced to mitigate conflicting guidance from these multiple affiliations. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed method through numerical validation and comparative analysis against existing approaches.

Based on the Design of Regional Cultural Symbols under the Rural Revitalization Policy

The study of design translation of regional cultural symbols based on rural revitalization policy aims to explore how regional cultural symbols can be effectively translated and applied to rural revitalization practice through design means. The study analyzes and excavates local cultural resources and uses modern design concepts and technologies to transform traditional cultural symbols into design works with contemporary value and significance. In this way, it not only enhances rural cultural confidence and promotes cultural inheritance and innovation but also enhances the development of rural tourism and cultural industries, ultimately achieving sustainable revitalization and economic growth in the countryside. China has rich resources of "local specialties," which have cultural and historical value and great market potential. In the background of rural revitalization strategy, this paper analyzes the design ideas of Malu grapes, a local specialty of Shanghai, and explores how to design cultural and creative products combining unique regional culture and local specialties. Tapping and developing these local specialties can effectively promote regional economic development and rural industrial revitalization. Through the creative design around the local specialties, it increases the added value of the products, inherits and carries forward the local culture, creates brand influence, enhances product recognition, strengthens the competitiveness of the products, enriches the consumption experience, and promotes the image and quality of the local specialties.

The Transmission and Literacy Role of Cultural Memory of Traditional Houses in the Context of Rural Revitalization

This research is part of the “Ancient Xuzhou Houses in China: Cultural Memory, Symbol and Process Reconstruction in the Context of Rural Revitalization” project. Traditional houses contain a large amount of cultural value, literacy role, and historical memory. In order to sort out the transfer process more clearly between memory and people, this study set three research objectives. First, spatial memory transmission and literacy role needs to be studied and analyzed. Then, on this basis, we will further study the method of spatial memory transmission and literacy role. Finally, the appropriate medium for spatial memory transmission is analyzed. This study used descriptive analysis to summarize and discuss the results. The results show that spatial memory transmission and literacy is a process of maintaining and transmitting social and cultural values through the use and evolution of architecture and spatial design over time. Symbols in the memory space of residential buildings are containers for storing memories, just like a mobile hard drive that records relevant memory information. Residential buildings and people are like two devices that convey information and communicate through symbols. After comparison, in the dimension of cultural memory, symbols are more social and cultural and are more suitable as a medium for transmitting spatial memory and literacy role under cultural identity. This article explains the relationship between symbols and spatial memory, through spatial memory transmission to describe how common memories are shared and reproduced among collective members through cultural memory, literacy role and symbolic translation. It can transmit cultural and historical memories between different generations and acquires the importance of spatial positioning and environmental interaction in transmitting cultural memory.

Managing non-cooperative behaviors in consensus reaching process: A novel multi-stage linguistic LSGDM framework

Large-scale group decision-making (LSGDM) is a complex process involving numerous decision-makers (DMs). However, considering such a large number of DMs increases the complexity of the process. it seems necessary to pay much more attention to aspects such as a proper dimensionality reduction for scalability, consensus processes with automatic feedback, and effective management of non-cooperative DMs. To address such aspects, this paper presents a novel framework for LSGDM, based on Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions With Symbolic Translation (ELICIT). We first extend the K-means clustering algorithm by incorporating individual assessments and trust relationships to classify DMs into subgroups, enhancing decision-making efficiency. We then develop a feedback mechanism based on two optimization consensus models for ELICIT information, that automatically provides optimal recommendations. An essential aspect of our proposal is the management of non-cooperative behaviors by utilizing the normal distribution to detect and penalize misbehaviors. Furthermore, we introduce a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) cross-efficiency method based on ELICIT values to rank all alternatives once an acceptable group consensus degree is reached. The framework’s effectiveness is demonstrated through a practical application case study, accompanied by a parametric analysis. Comparisons with existing LSGDM methods highlight the superiority of our proposal in terms of efficiency.

WAIS–IV, WISC–V, WPPSI–IV Subtests and their Relationship with CHC Theory

Psychometric intelligence tests have great importance for identification and diagnosis of learning problems, high talents, and cognitive profile in the context of developmental delay or brain injury impacts, for the orientation of specialized education. Among these tests are the three scales of Wechsler, which used frequently. From, the first to the last edition of Wechsler, tests based being, on the created g factor of Spearman. The Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory (CHC) is a complete psychometric theory and empirically based on the structure of cognitive skills. It’s used widely as a basis for the creation and classifying batteries of administration intelligence and neuropsychological tests to facilitate interpretation of cognitive performance. For organizing assessments for people suspected of having an intellectual disability, also three Wechsler tests are based on this theory. Our study tends to classify all subtests in the last three American edition versions of the Wechsler tests in this critical theory and compare these tests. We found that the five of The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition WISC-V primary indexes align with Gc (Comprehension knowledge), Gv (Visual and Spatial Thinking), Gf (Fluid Reasoning), Gwm (Working Memory), Gs (Processing Speed). As well Glr (long-term memory) is measured by two complementary indexes: the Naming Speed Index (NSI) and Symbol Translation Index (STI). Meanwhile, in The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence Fourth edition WPPSI-IV, The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition WAIS-IV and The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition WISC-IV. The only five primary indexes are aligning with Gc, Gv, Gf, Gwm, and Gs, and This proved that there existed more factors present in the WISC-V than the previous Wechsler test editions.

Average consistency index based consensus model for a group decision making problem dealing with ELICIT expressions

A group decision making (GDM) problem is often modeled by using a reciprocal preference relation (RPR) structure. Linguistic information is widely used in RPRs to depict its components because it facilitates its understanding and management of uncertainty. Among the existing linguistic representation models, the extended comparative linguistic expressions with symbolic translation (ELICIT) model improves the accuracy of computational processes and maintains the comprehensibility and interpretability of the results. Therefore, we introduce a new linguistic RPR (L-RPR) structure using ELICIT information, denoted as ELICIT-RPR, whose elements are uniformed as 2-tuple linguistic intervals to simplify and facilitate computations between ELICIT expressions. In addition, the average consistency index (ACI) of ELICIT-RPR is proposed together an algorithm for improving the ACI values of ELICIT-RPRs based on their best and worst consistency indices. To avoid conflicts and obtain agreed solutions, consensus reaching processes (CRPs) have been widely used in GDM. Thus, a novel CRP based on ACI values is developed using a new distance between linguistic intervals. Finally, a case study and a comparison analysis are presented to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposal.

Literal translation extraction and free translation change design of Leizhou ancient residential buildings based on artificial intelligence and Internet of Things

The decorative pattern art of ancient residential buildings in Leizhou exists with its unique charm in the architectural decoration culture of Lingnan. In order to facilitate the inheritance of Leizhou culture, this paper proposed artificial intelligence and Internet of Things methods, and wanted to use modern digital technology to directly extract the most basic decorative pattern genes on ancient residential buildings in Leizhou. Through the combination of fashion, metaphor, and creative design methods, the paper innovated the changing design of patterns and integrate them into modern product design to promote the development of local product economy. It has enriched the database of modern design and helped the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Cultural Bay Area. Applying artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things to the experimental design, and using modern technology to extract and free translation of symbols in architectural language, the experimental results showed that the artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things send building data in about 0.65 s, and the number of data fusion is about 93. Improvements reduced the amount of data fusion, which increases the accuracy of survey results with modern technology. This made it easier to count the architectural language symbols of ancient Leizhou residents, and facilitated the modern utilization of cultural inheritance and promotion.

Consensus reaching for social network group decision making with ELICIT information: A perspective from the complex network

Consensus reaching is essential in group decision-making (GDM) since it can mitigate conflicts between expert opinions and promotes the further implementation of decision-making results. Meanwhile, interaction between experts commonly occurs within social networks and in practical GDM problems. Therefore, it neecessary to consider the trust relationship between experts and utilize it to facilitate the consensus-reaching process (CRP). However, most existing social network-based GDM studies mainly use local measures (e.g., degree centrality) to determine the importance of experts, which cannot reflect their actual influence on a global topological structure. To address this issue, we propose a novel consensus-reaching strategy from the perspective of complex network analysis. First, the Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation (ELICIT) is adopted to flexibly facilitate the expression of experts’ uncertain evaluations. The hybrid centrality is then defined to determine the influence of experts in the social network by considering both node importance and edge weight. Since experts with greater influence have stronger information propagation capabilities, hybrid centrality is utilized to guide the CRP, which can better reflect information flows in the social network. Additionally, the BWM-CRITIC weighting method is developed to reflect the significance and relationship among criteria. Finally, we verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method by means of a case study on a sustainable supplier selection problem.

An ELICIT information-based ORESTE method for failure mode and effect analysis considering risk correlation with GRA-DEMATEL

Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is one of the most powerful reliability analysis techniques for identifying and preventing potential risks across various fields. Current FMEA methods, while effective, still present several shortcomings. For example, using experts’ subjective pairwise comparisons of risk factors to determine their weights reduces the stability of the result; different relationships among failure modes are often ignored. To improve the performance of FMEA, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods have been employed to support risk evaluation and prioritization in recent years. This paper proposes a novel FMEA method by exploring several MCDM techniques. First, the Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation (ELICIT) are utilized to generate group risk assessments under uncertainty. Then, grey relation analysis (GRA) is incorporated into the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method to objectively determine the weight of risk factors. Afterward, the traditional ORESTE (organísation, rangement et Synthèse de données relarionnelles (in French)) method is generalized to the ELICIT environment to prioritize the failure modes, in which the Besson’s ranking is replaced by deviation measure for more accurate ranking results. Finally, a case study of FMEA for electro-mechanical actuators is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results indicate that our approach can express risk information more flexibly, determine the weight of risk factors more objectively, and prioritize failure modes more reasonably.

A Large Scale Group Three-Way Decision-based consensus model for site selection of New Energy Vehicle charging stations

The development of New Energy Vehicles (NEVs) has contributed to the alleviation of environmental pollution in the transportation sector. Although NEVs have some advantages, such as energy saving, being environmentally friendly, and low noise, they are restricted by their cruising range or recharging-related problems. To minimize such disadvantages, an optimal plan for the charging station site is necessary. This paper proposes a Large-Scale Group Decision-Making (LSGDM) method to select the best location for such charging stations. This method involves a large group of experts providing their preferences according to their knowledge and background. To facilitate the elicitation, our method uses Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Term Sets (HFLTS) and Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation (ELICIT) model to improve the elicitation process, guarantee precise computing processes and obtain interpretable results. A social network is then constructed based on experts’ preference similarity and trust relationships, which reflects both their relationship and its strength simultaneously. Afterwards, a social analysis-based clustering process groups the experts, and a Three-Way Decision (TWD)-based Consensus Reaching Process (CRP) is introduced to improve the group’s agreement. Finally, a selection of charging station site case studies is conducted, and a comparative analysis is carried out to illustrate the quality of the proposal.

STYLISTIC ANALYSIS AND WAYS OF REPRODUCING EMOTIVE EXPRESSION IN TRANSLATIONS OF UKRAINIAN LYRICS: INTERPRETATION OF THE IMAGE OF UKRAINE

The article reflects the results of scientific and philological research, which made it possible to analyze the ways of translating the image of Ukraine in English translations of Ukrainian poetry. Based on the generalization of the research results of scientific sources, the concept of literary translation as a linguistic problem is revealed. A special connection between the artistic image and the linguistic category on the basis of which it is formed is noted. The main requirements for the translation of works of art are highlighted, among them: accuracy, conciseness, clarity and literacy. It has been established that the main difficulty of literary translation is the accurate understanding of lexical units and the relationship between what the author wanted to convey to the reader and what the translator translated. Two aspects of the Ukrainian poetry translation are highlighted: linguocognitive and linguocultural. It is determined that the linguistic and cultural aspect of translation analysis allows to identify the features of reflection in the English poetic translation of the value dominants of Ukrainian ethnoculture based on the comparison of the cultural concept name, symbols of culture and emotional expression, and linguocognitive allows to highlight the features of the concepts system reflection of the Ukrainian author in the figurative system of English translations of his lyrics. The concept and role of the cultural concept UKRAINE in English translations, which is expressed by lexical means of a particular language, are studied. There are four components of the cultural concept: conceptual, value, symbolic and figurative. It is revealed that the elements of imagery and symbolism are structural parts of the cultural concept. It has been found that the translator’s understanding of the author’s system of concepts is a condition for reproducing the image of his country in translation. The symbols of Ukrainian culture in poetic works are analyzed, which are multi-valued subject images that express values and worldviews. The artistic symbol is considered to be one of the types of figurative concept with a multilevel structure of reference and the main aspects of its analysis should include determining the depth of the original symbol and its culturological components. Analysis of the translation of symbols showed that the most commonly used way of reproducing Ukrainian poetic symbolism is tracing, less commonly used methods of transcription, transliteration and equivalent translation. It is determined that the symbolism reproduced in the translation cannot convey all the cultural components and semiological depth, because the associative connections with the place of its origin are interrupted. It causes a symbolic appropriation of the image of Ukraine in the target culture, and at the same time conveys its ethnic uniqueness. The main ways of conveying the image of Ukraine in translations of Ukrainian lyrics are revealed, as a result of which literary translation adapts to the norms of the language of translation and becomes accurate and clear. The following lexical transformations in translation have been singled out: transcription, transliteration, equivalent translation, tracing and contextual substitution method. A comparative analysis of the translation of symbols and images of Ukraine in translations of Ukrainian poetry. Comprehensive research has shown that the most prevalent methods of translation are contextual substitution, equivalent translation and tracing. Thus, the article fulfills all the tasks are fulfilled in the work and it is also determined that the components of symbolism and imagery are a structural part of the concept of UKRAINE in general.

Liturgy as Essentially Poietic

The Christian liturgy is far more than a simple mobilization of a diverse range of artistic expressions in service of its ordinary performance; in fact, the liturgy is in essence a poiesis of the faith. Nor does this poiesis function as a system in harmony with Christian dogma and ethics, because in many regards it transcends these other two approaches. In the midst of the contemporary questioning concerning faith and life, believing and living, the centuries-old poiesis represents an invaluable resource. Truth alone cannot be imposed, nor should it be. More than ever, the symbolic translation of the faith, or to put it in other words, its aesthetic mediation, as expressed in its communitarian practice, will prove itself worthy of faith.

Specific features of intersemiotic translation of symbols from the perspective of conceptual and semiotic paradigm

The text of the novel “Inferno” written by Dan Brown and its film adaptation, provide the material for the analysis of symbols and their importance in both art forms. This analysis, which rests on the thesis of the conceptual nature of symbols in any literary text, is made in conceptual and semantic fields, and the concepts denoted by the analyzed symbols are pointed out. Given that the text of the source novel is abundant in symbols of various degrees of textual importance, not all of them were subject of research in this paper. The basic symbol of the source text, the Inferno, was singled out, as well as a number of symbols embodied by novel and film personages. In the research, frequent techniques of intersemiotic translations were analyzed as concerns their role in symbol rendering: omission, typical of the studied case of intersemiotic translation, which can be combined with the technique of addition. In the latter case, the degree of expressive force of the symbol can be considerably altered. The greatest shift in the degree of importance of a symbol is named ‘symbol transformation’, it is observed when symbols (in the given case, symbolic personages of the source text) lose their expressive force and the features of a symbol, i.e., in the process of intersemiotic translation these symbols are lost. The suggested model of analysis can be applied in other cases of intersemiotic translation, and other techniques, together with their combinations, can be found.

A type-1 OWA operator for Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation

Recently, a new representation model has been proposed to improve the interpretability and accuracy of Computing with Words (CW) processes, the so-called Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation (ELICIT). It extends the concept of comparative linguistic expressions based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets into a continuous domain by means of the symbolic translation used in the linguistic 2-tuple model. The aggregation of this kind of information is vital when solving decision making problems, but as the field of ELICIT information is still quite new, not many aggregation operators have been defined for it. Therefore, taking into account the need to deal with the fuzzy representation of ELICIT information for its aggregation, we propose the ELICIT type-1 OWA (ELICIT-t1-OWA) operator based on the equivalent α−level type-1 OWA operator to simplify the CW processes by using ELICIT trapezoidal fuzzy representations. The ELICIT-t1-OWA operator will use interval weights induced by an interval-valued linguistic quantifier to aggregate ELICIT expressions and then its properties will be studied. Additionally, a way to deal with both the weights and arguments of the ELICIT-t1-OWA operator is provided in the form of fuzzy numbers. Finally, a decision making model dealing with ELICIT information that carries out the aggregation by using the proposed ELICIT-t1-OWA operator is developed and a numerical example to show its effectiveness is introduced.

Орнаментальні мотиви в сучасних дизайн-практиках

The article analyzes modern design practices based on symbolic and ornamental motives of folk art and their modern actualization in ethno-artistic areas, reflecting the relationship of traditional aspects with innovative, symbolic translation of cultural experience in time and space, creating symbolic value images, enhancing emotional environment and creating new narratives. Symbols, as the basis of the existence of the people, reflect the ethno-national aspects of culture, is an opportunity to find yourself at the level of relationship with your people, your nation, traditions. The appeal to archetypes is a special methodological perspective in which the meaning of the future is created due to the transformation of the past into a symbol. What is relevant in modern Ukrainian realities is that the whole cultural paradigm is being reconsidered and new ways of national identification are being sought. Embroidery is marked by a special color and incredible ornamentation, complex performance technique, which is reflected in the symbols of sociocultural practices, immersing in the depths of traditional norms and values that encourage to feel, assimilate, preserve and transmit. In modern domestic discourse, design practices are thought of as aimed at transforming the cultural environment into the integrity of cultural and natural components. They serve as a basis for forming an idea of the world and building harmonious relationships with the world. And the use of symbols-amulets and a certain emotional color is a special process of self-identification and the foundation for the revival of national culture and spiritual values, seeing their own place in the global cultural and artistic space. Therefore, the use of ornamental symbols in design practice is the basis for the revival of national culture and spiritual values and the formation of a new promising direction of Ukrainian design. Among the spiritual heritage of Ukraine with its color and incredible ornamentation, complex technique is embroidery, which is reflected in the symbols-codes of modern socio-cultural practices.

BICULTURAL AESTHETIC INTERFERENCE IN TRANSLATIONS OF KAZAKH POETRY INTO ENGLISH

The article is devoted to the problems of poetic interference as a phenomenon of bicultural intermediate aesthetics based on the example of Kazakh poetry, translated into English. Foreign translations of the poems by Kazakh poets act as a factor in the unity of two cultural phenomena and at the same time conjugative aesthetics. Poetic heritage and translations of the poet serve as a factor of bicultural and simultaneously conjugative aesthetics. Translation analysis clearly shows that the creative writings of Kazakh poet are a bright example of not only lingual-cultural but also artistic and aesthetic interferentiality. This is a condition for simultaneous "destruction" of aesthetic integrity of the original and formation of a new one in the translation. We have outlined this phenomenon as conjugative one. Thanks to the introduction into the text of the translation of Kazakh words and symbols, foreign reader often gets first emotional information of communicative, evaluative, abstract synthesis, modal, explanatory nature at the unconscious level, in other words, it focuses on the fact that (identification of common relations with surrounding reality) is common for its perception, and is alien single (about specifics of national picture of the world or fragments (often visual: ornaments, yurts, whip, etc.), and only after that receives the implicit access to the world of content and form of artistic work.

Induced OWA Operator for Group Decision Making Dealing with Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation

Nowadays, decision making problems have increased their complexity and a single decision maker cannot handle these problems, with a more diverse and comprehensive view of them being necessary, which results in group decision making (GDM) schemes. The complexity of GDM problems is often due to their inherent uncertainty that is not solved just by using a group. Consequently, different methodologies has been proposed to handle it, in which, the use of the fuzzy linguistic approach stands out. Among the multiple fuzzy linguistic modeling approaches, Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation (ELICIT) information has been recently introduced, which enhances classical linguistic modeling that is based on single terms by providing linguistic expressions in a continuous linguistic domain. Its application to decision making is quite promising, but it is necessary to develop enough operators to accomplish aggregation processes in the decision solving scheme. So far, just a small number of aggregation operators have been defined for ELICIT information. Hence, this paper aims at providing new aggregation operators for ELICIT information by developing novel OWA based operators, such as the Induced OWA (IOWA) operator in order to avoid the OWA operator needs of reordering its arguments, because ELICIT information does not have an inherent order due to its fuzzy representation. Our proposal not only consists of extending the definition of an IOWA operator for ELICIT information with crisp weights, but it is also proposed a type-1 IOWA operator for ELICIT information in which both weights and arguments are fuzzy as well as the use of ELICIT information constructing the order inducing variable to reorder the arguments. Additionally, the use of ELICIT information in GDM demands the ability to manage majority based decisions that are better represented in the IOWA operator by linguistic quantifiers. Hence, a majority-driven GDM process for ELICIT information is proposed, which it is the first proposal for fulfilling the majority solving process for GDM while using ELICIT information. Eventually, an illustrative example and a brief comparative analysis are presented in order to show the performance of the proposal and its feasibility.

A Consensus Model for Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation

Consensus Reaching Process (CRP) is a necessary process to achieve agreed solutions in group decision making (GDM) problems. Usually, these problems are defined in uncertain contexts, in which experts do not have a full and precise knowledge about all aspects of the problem. In real-world GDM problems under uncertainty, it is usual that experts express their preferences by using linguistic expressions. Consequently, different methodologies have modelled linguistic information, in which computing with words stands out and whose basis is the fuzzy linguistic approach and their extensions. Even though, multiple consensus approaches under fuzzy linguistic environments have been proposed in the specialized literature, there are still some areas where their performance must be improved because of several persistent drawbacks. The drawbacks include the use of single linguistic terms that are not always enough to model the uncertainty in experts’ knowledge or the oversimplification of fuzzy information during the computational processes by defuzzification processes into crisp values, which usually implies a loss of information and precision in the results and also a lack of interpretability. Therefore, to improving the effects of previous drawbacks, this paper aims at presenting a novel CRP for GDM problems dealing with Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation (ELICIT) for modelling experts’ linguistic preferences. Such a CRP will overcome previous limitations because ELICIT information allows both fuzzy modelling of the experts’ uncertainty including hesitancy and performs comprehensive fuzzy computations to, ultimately, obtain precise and understandable linguistic results. Additionally, the proposed CRP model is implemented and integrated into the CRP support system so-called A FRamework for the analYsis of Consensus Approaches (AFRYCA) 3.0 that facilitates the application of the proposed CRP and its comparison with previous models.