Spread Of Swine Flu Research Articles

Model and solution to prevent misinformation on social networks

Social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook have become the primary sources of information dissemination and transmission channels of marketing information. However, in addition to the advantages of Vietnam, online social networks have also been used to spread false information, which can lead to unexpected consequences for the state, the people, and social congress; for example, spreading panic among the public due to the false information spread of swine flu on Twitter in 2009. Therefore, early detection and prevention of misleading information in composite social networks is an urgent need.

A Statistical Analysis and Comparison of the spread of Swine Flu and COVID-19 in India

Introduction: The world is currently experiencing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [COVID-19], however, this is not a new phenomenon; it occurred in 2009-2010 in the form of novel influenza A. (H1N1). The H1N1 virus primarily afflicted people between the ages of 26 and 50, but SARS-CoV-2 primarily afflicted those over the age of 60, increasing the number of deaths owing to their weakened immunity. The report provides a case study of the impact of H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 in India. Methods: Data is obtained from The Hindustan Times newspaper, GoI press releases and World Health Organization (WHO) reports. Results: The incidence rate was initially low and it was only by the 10-15th week that it started increasing. There is an initial upward trend before levelling out followed by a second wave and third wave. COVID-19 exhibited a steeper growth, where the steps taken by the Government were ineffective leading to higher death cases. Kerala was affected due to the travellers returning from the Middle East, while Maharashtra and Delhi saw large incidence rates due to the migrant influx and communal gathering. Conclusion: The most effective and practical approach is to test the symptomatic patients and aggressive testing to contain the transmission. Awareness campaigns to educate the public about social distancing and personal hygiene is more practical. There is still scope of improvement with regards to the public health care support, preparedness and response. Lockdown measures could have been avoided if the initial screening was conducted properly.

Stability Analysis of the Impact of Vaccination on Swine Flu Transmission: A Mathematical Model

To determine how vaccination affects the spread of swine flu, this study develops and analyses a deterministic model of the disease. The parameters of the model pertaining to the swine flu are thoroughly examined. After determining the model's equilibrium and threshold points, an examination of its stabilities is conducted. Global stability of the swine flu-free equilibrium has been demonstrated. Local stability of endemic equilibrium is established using centre manifold theory; global stability is demonstrated via the Lyapunov function. A numerical simulation reveals that members of the population of an unvaccinated society are susceptible to contracting swine flu. The outcome indicates that immunisation should be promoted in order to diminish the disease's vitality.

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE ON SWINE FLU VACCINE AMONG THE PARENTS OF UNDER 3 YEAR CHILDREN IN PEDIATRIC WARD OF SELECTED HOSPITAL DEHRADUN

Back ground:-The new human H1N1 flu strain of avian origin kept transmitting among human populations. Then, a small outbreak of swine H1N1 occurred in humans. Swine flu spread very rapidly world wide due to itshigh human to human transmission rate and due to the frequency of air travel. Swine flu is a communicable disease that is caused due to H1N1 virus. This virus enters the body through the mouth and nose and if a healthy person comes in contact with an infected individual. It attacks the immune system and causes a my riad of diseases, mainly respiratory disorders. The people who are easily susceptible to this disease are pregnant women, young children, Individuals who have a history of respiratory or lung diseases, etc. During influenza outbreak, it is critical for monitoring the spread of disease, for knowing the potential of the virus to cause a pandemic and for creating the life saving vaccines.The global approach ensures WHO system to monitor and develop critical benefits such as vaccines, antiviral drugs and scientific information. The best treatment for swine influenza infections in humans is prevention by vaccination. Methodology:-A pre experimental one group pre test post test was adopted in the present study to accomplish the objectives. Purposive sampling technique was used to select samples. The sample consisted of 60 Parents of under 3 year children. The pre test assessment of knowledge of the parents was carried out using a knowledge questionnaire followed by self instructional module session regarding vaccination for swine flu. After 7 days the post test was conducted using the same knowledge questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Conclusion:-The study revealed that there was deficient knowledge regarding vaccination of swine flu. The teaching was found to be effective in improving the knowledge of the parents. It was concluded that there was a need to plan and implement educational programmes by the nurses for all parents particularly parents of under 3 year children regarding vaccination of swine flu.

Impact of profession and surroundings on spread of swine flu: A mathematical study

Impact of profession and surroundings on spread of swine flu: A mathematical study

Swine flu awareness in general population

Background: By simple hygiene and sanitation measures for cough, swine flu transmission can be effectively prevented. The purpose of this study was to know whether the people had enough knowledge about swine flu (H1N1) and to assess their knowledge about possible preventive measures to be taken including vaccination against swine flu epidemics.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during November to December 2018. 200 residents were surveyed.Results: In our study, 196 (98%) of respondents were aware of swine flu infection, 170 (85%) of respondents knew that swine flu is due to viral infection while 130 (65%) of respondents were aware that swine flu infection spreads through air while sneezing and coughing. 192 (96%) of respondents knew fever as symptom of swine flu, 166 (83%) of respondents knew cough and cold as symptoms while 128 (64%) of respondents knew headache and body ache as symptoms. 188 (94%) of respondents were aware that vaccination against Swine flu can prevent swine flu infection. 160 (80%) of respondents knew that covering mouth and nose while coughing and sneezing can prevent spread of Swine flu infection while 104 (52%) of respondents knew that frequent hand washing helps in preventing spread of Swine flu infection.Conclusions: The present review concluded that majority of the respondents had substantial knowledge regarding swine flu, yet there were notable deficiencies regarding the transmission, preventive measures and availability of vaccine. There is need for appropriate training regarding infectious diseases and continuous education programs.

H1N1 Influenza: Assessment of knowledge and awareness of private dental health professionals of a Tricity.

Background:Influenza like Swine flu virus has posed a greater risk of occupational transmission to dental professionals as it can spread through the aerosols.Aim:To assess knowledge and awareness of private dental health care professionals regarding swine flu of a Tricity in India.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 private dentists practising in the Tricity. A self-administered, anonymous, multiple choice type questionnaire was administered to gather information. The questionnaire contained 12 questions on knowledge and awareness regarding swine flu keeping in view the time constraints. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA and student t-test.Results:Awareness regarding mode of transmission of swine flu were reported positively by 88.5% of subjects. About 24.6% of subjects reported about having encountered a swine flu patient at their clinic. Preventive measures to prevent spread of swine flu were known to 71.2% of subjects. Statistically significant association of mean knowledge scores was noted with education level (P = 0.015) and working profile (P = 0.017) of the subjects.Conclusion:The results of the present review showed that some knowledge gaps existed among dentists regarding some important aspects of swine flu. Therefore, there is an urgent need for training and continuous education programs regarding infectious diseases.

Community perception about swine flu in an urban slum of Haryana: A cross-sectional study.

Background:Swine flu caused by influenza virus and it's a respiratory disease of pigs. The people like farmers and pork processors working in close proximity with pigs are at higher risk of getting swine flu. In India, a total of 117 deaths and 1,154 cases have been reported in the first two months of year 2018.Objectives:To assess the community perception about Swine flu among adults in an urban slum of District Rohtak.Methodology:The study was a community based epidemiological study with cross-sectional design and carried out by visiting house to house. The study recruited 500 adults of age 18-60 years.Results:The study found that there was no significant difference between gender and age with heard of swine flu while education wise (p= 0.002) and caste wise (p=0.011) awareness of swine flu was found to be statistically significant.Conclusion and Recommendation:The study concluded that the majority of subjects heard about swine flu and majority of subjects said that swine flu spread after coughing or sneezing. The study recommends that health care functionaries should spread awareness about signs and symptoms of swine flu.

Knowledge and practices related to swine flu in school students of Bhavnagar, Gujarat

Context: Swine Flu caused by Influenza virus of H1N1 strain is a highly infectious respiratory disease. Knowledge and awareness among the community regarding the containment of spread of Swine Flu is the most important weapon available to halt the epidemics of swine flu. Aims: The aim was to assess the knowledge and practices related to swine flu prevention and management in school students of Bhavnagar. Settings and Design: This was a cross sectional descriptive studycarried out at 2 schools of Bhavnagar during February-March 2015. Methods and Material: Selection of schools was done by convenience sampling. The selected schools were visited and classes were randomly selected from available classes using a currency note. Pre-designed pre-tested questionnaire was applied to total 119students of selected class rooms. Statistical analysis: Analysis was done in Epi Info 7 and Simple proportions and percentages were calculated. Results: Almost all school students had heard about swine flu disease and 66% knew about the causative agent. Television, friends and relatives were the most common source of information. Around 84% school students mentioned fever while 76% mentioned running nose as a symptom of Swine Flu. Eighty two percent school students knew coughing-sneezing as a mode of transmission. Only eleven percent school students knew that swine flu can also spread by hand shaking. Eighty four percent of the school students were aware that a medical test & treatment is available for diagnosis & management of Swine Flu. Half of the school students knew that a vaccine is available for Swine Flu. Eighty three percent school students mentioned use of face mask; while 68% mentioned avoiding crowded placesas a preventive measure followed by them. Seventy percent school students told that they would avoid goingto school if they have symptoms of swine flu. More than half of the school students would prefer to visit government hospital while 44% school students would consult a General Practitioner in case they develop symptoms of Swine Flu. Most of them were ready to get vaccinated against Swine Flu if offered a vaccine. Conclusions: The school students are having good knowledge regarding the disease and the causative agent of swine flu. Television, friends and relatives was the commonest source of information listed by school students. Fever, running nose and cough are the commonest symptoms known to school students. The school students are having good knowledge about mode of transmission, preventive measures, testing and treatment available for swine flu. They should be identified as messengers for spreading awareness messages regarding swine flu in the community. They are good sources of communication with adequate knowledge and should be used for this purpose.

Emergence of novel H7N9 bird flu: What needs to be discussed next?

The recent publication on the “Emergence of a new strain of the avian influenza virus” is a very interesting article [1]. The novel H7N9 bird flu from China is a present concern in public health. The disease is prevalent in many parts of China [2] and has spread to Taiwan as well [3]. As a result, there have been many attempts, such as development of new vaccine and antiviral drug, to eradicate the virus. The molecular biology and clinical features of the H7N9 virus have been extensively studied. However, in order to control the disease, other important concerns need to be considered. First, travel medicine should be given attention. Since some cases of H7N9 bird flu are mild, the affected patients can travel aboard, carrying the disease and thereby enabling its spread to others. Hence, strict emigration and immigration control processes should be put in place, especially for China's neighbors (e.g., Korea and Japan). Valuable lessons of poor port control and the uncontrolled spread of swine flu should be applied to the present situation [4]. Hopefully, a vaccine against the H7N9 bird flu can be developed with the new advanced vaccine technologies available [5].

Déploiement d’un laboratoire mobile de biologie moléculaire face au défi A(H1N1) à Kaboul

Since October 2009, the fear of swine flu spread in Afghanistan and severe cases were observed among NATO soldiers. Two patients were hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit. To face this new challenge, the French Health Service decided the deployment of a mobile RT-PCR laboratory molecular biology in the Kabul International Military Hospital. We describe the implementation of the mobile RT-PCR laboratory for the diagnosis of A(H1N1). The analysis of the first nasopharyngeal samples confirmed the presence of this virus in Afghanistan. The peak of positive cases was observed in mid-November 2009, and some cluster cases were observed among units deployed on the field.

Awareness, perception and myths towards swine flu in school children of Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

The deadly disease swine flu is, without a speck of doubt, causing a massive havoc among the common people of India and has created fear across the various strata of the society. The objective was to find out the awareness, perception, and myths of school going children of class 9 th to 12 th toward swine flu. The present cross-sectional study was carried out in two randomly selected (using random number table) senior secondary schools of Bareilly among 400 students of class 9 th to 12 th . A total of 200 students were selected from each school. Chi-square test was applied for statistical analysis. Almost all the students (97.75%) have heard about of swine flu and are aware of it as a disease entity. Fever was found to be the main symptom while coughing and sneezing were main way of spread of swine flu known to them. About 97% of the students mention use of mask as most effective way to prevent them from swine flu. Knowledge of availability of medicine was present in less than half of the students. TV was found to be the main source from which they get knowledge (79%), and they are trying to get knowledge (53.2%) of swine flu. Among them, 74% students were taking precaution against swine flu.

Influenza A (H1N1) Virus (Swine Influenza): A Webliography

In March and April 2009, a new strain of the virus that causes influenza in swine was identified in Mexico and the United States. This variant, known as influenza A (H1N1), was found to be transmitted from swine to humans and was called “swine flu” by the general public. Within days, the World Health Organization determined that the outbreak was spreading to many other countries and could become a pandemic. The differences between the response to this threat and those of the pandemics in 1918, 1957, and 1968 are impressive. Governments and organizations are better prepared to meet the challenges presented by the present swine influenza pandemic, putting into place measures developed in response to earlier pandemics. The virus itself causes symptoms similar to those of seasonal influenza, and the treatment is comparable. As of August 2009, a vaccine for H1N1 Influenza is still in development, with government and pharmaceutical manufacturers promising delivery in the fall of 2009. Two of the four antiviral drugs currently in use in the United States for treatment of influenza are effective when used as a prophylactic and can reduce the severity of the flu symptoms if taken within 24 hours after symptoms appear. One of the striking developments of this health crisis has been the use of the Internet and various social media tools to provide information on swine flu. Scientists, government organizations, and public health agencies have all utilized new social media resources to keep professional colleagues, government and other agencies, and the general public informed. Information on the Internet allows consumers and their health providers to be well informed about current progress in preventing the spread of swine flu.

Swine Flu and Travelers: An Australian Perspective

The World Health Organization (WHO) first reported an influenza‐like illness (Swine Flu) caused by a novel influenza virus in the United States and Mexico on April 24, 2009, which had resulted in 59 confirmed deaths in Mexico alone. 1 The virus was reported as swine influenza A H1N1 because it included five RNA strands derived from pigs (three from North America and two from Europe) along with one RNA strand from humans and two from birds. 2 After several changes in nomenclature, the virus outbreak is now designated pandemic (H1N1) 2009. At that time the influenza pandemic phase alert was 3 owing to the widespread occurrence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, with some bird to human transmission, but no sustained human to human transmission. 1 By April 27, 2009, the WHO had raised the influenza pandemic phase alert to 4, which indicated human to human transmission, and within 2 days it was raised again to 5, which indicated sustained human to human infection in two or more countries in one WHO region. 1 Pandemic alert phase 6, a global epidemic, was declared on June 11, 2009, sometime after the criteria had actually been met. WHO may have been reluctant to initiate this level owing to the lower virulence of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus. Swine Flu spread quickly around the world, facilitated by global airlines travel. 3 The initial spread of Swine Flu closely matched the volumes of international passenger movements, 3 and eventually it was confirmed in Australia on May 9, 2009, just before the start of the Australian winter. Following the first Australian case, described on May 9, 2009 in the State of Queensland, Swine Flu was soon reported by all states and territories. 4Although the disease was considered relatively mild for a pandemic strain … Corresponding Author: Professor Peter A. Leggat, MD, PhD, DrPH, FAFPHM, FACTM, FFTM ACTM, FFTM RCPSG, FRGS, Head, School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia. E‐mail: peterleggat{at}jcu.edu.au

Federal policies fuel spread of swine flu, experts say

Longstanding federal strategies and polices have exacerbated the rapid spread of Novel A(H1N1) influenza in remote First Nations communities, public health officials and aboriginal health experts charge. The federal government is unprepared to adequately manage or even accurately quantify the

Biomedical and health informatics in Peru: significance for public health

IntroductionThis issue of the feature column reports on developments in Peru on the use of information and communication technologies to improve public health. The authors describe how cell phones and hand‐held devices are being deployed to monitor diseases. Recent concerns about the spread of swine flu highlight the importance of robust public health systems in developing countries.1Jeannete MurphyReference1. British Journal of Healthcare Computing and Information Management, 30 April 2009. http://www.bjhcim.co.uk/news/2009/n904046.htm (accessed 18/05/09).

Swine flu spread matches previous flu pandemics

Swine flu spread matches previous flu pandemics