Quality Of Sweet Potato Research Articles

Effect of Combined Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Soil Attributes, Yield and Quality of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)

The use of organic fertilizers in adequate doses is an alternative to reduce the use of inorganic inputs, improving the soil chemical attributes, and increasing the production and quality of sweet potato. In this perspective, the objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate the effects of fertilization with poultry and bovine manure, Ribumin®, and of conventional fertilization on soil attributes, production, and quality of sweet potato; and (ii) to evaluate the residual effect of organic fertilization on the production components and quality of sweet potato, in the second crop cycle. The two experiments were developed in the 2018/2019 crop year at the Agrotechnical School of the Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Brazil. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications, using a (2 × 5 × 2) + 1 factorial arrangement referring to two manure sources (bovine and poultry manure) and five doses, aiming at increasing the content of soil organic matter (1.35%) to 2.35; 3.35; 4.35, and 5.35%, in the absence and presence of Ribumin®, and an additional treatment referring to organomineral fertilization. For the evaluation of the second cycle, the residual effect of the manure was evaluated by applying only Ribumin® and conventional fertilizers. In the first cycle, the addition of 50.4 t ha-1 of bovine manure without Ribumin® provided the highest values of total (14.7 t ha-1) and marketable yield (14.6 t ha-1). However, the addition of poultry manure associated with the application of Ribumin® provided no increments in the sweet potato production components. Under the same experimental conditions, chemical fertilization can be replaced by fertilization with organic sources.

Delaying the harvest induces bioactive compounds and maintains the quality of sweet potatoes.

We have identified the best harvesting periods, related to higher bioactive compound content and post-harvest quality, for minimally processed sweet potatoes with orange pulp and cream pulp. Quality loss in minimally processed sweet potatoes occurred due to browning in cv. Mãe de Familia and ESAM1 and to whitening in cv. Paraná. Both Mãe de Família and ESAM1 presented higher peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities at 120days, and cv. Paraná contained high levels of provitamin A. β-carotene was the major carotenoid (up to 99%) in orange pulp. All cultivars harvested at 150 and 180days and minimally processed showed the best visual quality, the highest bioactive compound content, and no microbial infection. Delaying the harvest also increase the antioxidant activity in orange roots, which was associated with a high content of carotenoids and phenolic compounds, resulting in an increase in the nutritional quality of the product. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Postharvest techniques can improve the visual and phytochemical quality of vegetables and extend their shelf life. The present research provides the best harvesting periods for minimally processed cream and orange sweet potato roots with higher postharvest qualities. Delaying the harvest resulted in a product with better visual quality, higher levels of bioactive compounds, which are highly beneficial to health, for example, ß-carotene, and no microbiological contamination. Our results may contribute to improvements in the current knowledge about harvesting times for sweet potato growers who aim to produce high quality, minimally processed products with a longer shelf life.

Identification of Fusarium oxysporum causing sweet potato rot (Ipomoea batatas L & Lamb) in Uruguay

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L & Lamb) is an important crop for Uruguay, both for the number of producers participating in its production and the per capita consumption of the population. It is harvested between January and April, and it is commercialized after a conservation period that lasts until November. During this period some losses happen due to bad conservation, most of them for microbiological causes. One of the main problems is a dry, superficial, rounded, and slightly sunken rot that as elapses it can increase its size and eventually mummify the root. To identify the causative agent of these injuries, a directed sampling was conducted, and the samples were sent to the Diagnostic Clinic of the Phytopathology Unit of the Agronomy Faculty. Fungi with Fusarium oxysporum characteristic was frequently isolated from roots showing initial rot symptoms and its identity verified by morphological and molecular techniques. Pathogenicity tests were performed and, once the symptom was recorded, the causal relationship of F. oxysporum with respect to the observed symptoms was verified accomplishing Koch’s Postulates. This result contributes to the knowledge of the disease and to adapt management practices to reduce losses and the commercial quality of sweet potato in local conditions.

Effects of Different Storage Temperatures on the Quality of Sweet Potato “Kenroku”

Effects of Different Storage Temperatures on the Quality of Sweet Potato “Kenroku”

EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH DIFFERENT POTASSIUM SOURCES AND ZINC RATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.).

Two field experiments were carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons atExperimental Farm, Faculty of Technology and Development (Ghazala Region –Zagazig City), Sharkia Governorate (Egypt) to investigate the effect of different potassium sources and zinc fertilizer levels on growth and yield of sweet potato plant cv. Menoufia 6. The experimentwas set up arandomized complete blocks design which included 7 treatments of different sources of potassium and zinc (EDDTA)rates(i.e., potassium silicate 2 mll-1 and 4 mll-1, potassium humate, 2 mll-1 and 4 mll-1 and zinc (EDDTA), 2 mll-1 and 4 mll-1, besides the control treatment without any addition . The obtained results could be summarized as follows: application of foliar spray with zinc (EDDTA) with4 mll-1, being the most effective treatment on vegetative growth and chemical composition, while 4mll-1 potassium silicate as foliar application caused a significantly increased in tuber yield and quality of sweet potato, followed by the treatment of 4 mll-1 zinc in most cases, in both growing seasons. Conclusively, it could be concluded that, using the treatment of 4 mll-1 zinc (EDDTA) caused an increases in plant growth parameters and chemical composition of sweet potato plant cv. Menoufia 6, while 4 mll-1 potassium silicate significantly increased tuber yield and quality.

EFFECT OF CHOPPED RICE STRAW AND FOLIAR APPLICATION OF POTASSIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND TUBEROUS ROOT QUALITY OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.) GROWING AT LATE SUMMER SEASONS UNDER CLAY SOIL CONDITIONS

Two field experiments were carried out at the experimental Farm, Faculty of Technology and Development(Ghazala farm), Zagazig university El Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during the summer season of 2017 and 2018 to investigate the effect of chopped rice straw and foliar spray with potassium and phosphorus fertilizers sweet potato cv. Minufiya 6 growing at summer seasons in clay soil, on growth, yield and quality. The experiment was set out in a randomized complete blocks design where including seven treatments, which were chopped, rice straw at 2kg/ridge only and in combinatory with potassium and phosphorus at 2 and 4 mll-1as well as control. The results indicated that application of chopped rice straw at the rate of 4kg/ridge with foliar spray of potassium and phosphorus at 4mll-1 was the most effective treatment for increasing the morphological trail of plants and its chemical composition. Also, this treatment recorded the highest values of total and marketable tuber root yield, as well as the best tuber physical characters( fresh weight, length and diameter) and maximum concentration of nutritive values, i.e. N, P, K, protein and starch percentage , besides the root content of carotene. Conclusively, it could be concluded that the obtained results, it can be recommended that the treatment of 4 kg/ridge of chopped rice straw and foliar application of potassium and phosphorus at the concentration of 4 mll-1 for improving the properties of clay soil and to access the vigorous plant growth, maximum production with the best tuber quality of sweet potato.

Influence of organic, inorganic and organo-mineral fertilizers on yield and quality of sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and quality of sweet potato under the influence inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) at the recommended rate of 130kg/ha, organic fertilizer (Pace Setter) at the recommended rate of 3t/ha and organo-mineral fertilizer (combination of NPK 15:15:15 and Pacesetter organic fertilizer) at the rate of 1.5 t/ha. The fresh and dry weights of the samples were taken after which their proximate analyses were done to determine the levels of the quality determinants (moisture content, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, Vitamin A and ash content) in them. At the end of the experiment, harvesting was done to determine the yield per treatments as well as the quality parameters of the leaves and tubers. It was found that organic fertilizer could increase the quantity of ether extract, crude fibre and vitamin A contents of sweet potato tubers above other fertilizer treatments though organic fertilizer competed with the control in increasing the ash and crude protein contents of sweet potato tubers. However, inorganic fertilizer increased only energy content of the tubers above organic and organo-mineral fertilizer treatments. It is, therefore, concluded that organic fertilizer should be used to increase sweet potato tuber quantity and quality. Keywords: Sweet potato, growth, yield, quality and fertilizer treatments

Enhancement of phosphorus uptake, growth and yield of sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) with phosphorus fertilizers

This research was carried out to determine the best phosphorus fertilizer for improvement of sweet potato phosphorus uptake, growth and yield. The phosphorus fertilizer sources used were organic (Pacesetter), single super phosphate and crystallizer while the sweet potato variety used was Shaba. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Sweet potato plants from plots treated with crystallizer fertilizer at the rate of 500kg/ha had the highest phosphorus uptake and vegetative growth while control plots produced plants with highest tuberous yield. It is, therefore, recommended that crystallizer applied at the rate of 500kg/ha be used for significant phosphorous uptake which equally leads to better quality sweet potato tuber and appreciable vegetative growth. It is also recommended that the soil phosphorus be maintained at low level around 6.80mg/kg for achievement of high tuberous yield in sweet potato. Keywords: Vegetative growth, yield, phosphorous uptake, phosphorous fertilizers

Yield and tuber quality of orange-fleshed sweet potato cultivars under drought stress in greenhouse

Water shortage is an environmental stress that affects the growth, quantity and quality of sweet potato production. The study objective was to analyse the effect of drought stress on the quantity and quality of orange-fleshed sweet potato. Field research has been carried out in April to July 2019 in the greenhouse. This research used a randomized block design with two factors, the first factor was sweet potato cultivars (Beta-1 variety, Perbaungan cultivar, Cengkeh Turi cultivar and Tanah Seribu cultivar) and the second factor was drought stress with different watering level namely severe drought (watered until 1 month and until 2 months with 10 days interval, respectively) and control (watered until 4 months with 10 days interval). The results showed that the orange-fleshed sweet potato cultivars produced significantly different average tuber weights, the number of tubers, beta carotene content, starch content and tuber moisture content were not significantly different. Drought stress influences the yield and quality of tubers which causes a very significant decrease in the parameters of number of tuber, tuber weight, beta carotene content, starch content and tuber water content. The higher the level of drought will cause a decrease in the quantity and quality of sweet potato production.

Effects of Nutrients Balanced Fertilizers Application of Swine Liquid Manure on Yield and Quality of Sweet Potato

Effects of Nutrients Balanced Fertilizers Application of Swine Liquid Manure on Yield and Quality of Sweet Potato

Effects of Continuous Cropping of Sweet Potato on the Fungal Community Structure in Rhizospheric Soil.

Soil microorganisms play an important role in the ecosystem, and have a certain relationship with the continuous cropping obstacles, which are common with sweet potato. However, there are few reports on the effects of continuous cropping of sweet potato on the microbial community structure in the rhizospheric soil. Here, we investigated the effects of continuous cropping of sweet potato on the fungal community structure in rhizospheric soil, in order to provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of continuous cropping obstacles. This study used X18 and Y138 varieties as experimental materials. Soil samples were collected during the early period of planting and harvest in two consecutive years, and fungi were analyzed using Illumina Miseq. Results showed that the fungi diversity and richness in rhizospheric soil of X18 and Y138 were significantly increased after continuous cropping; the most dominant fungi phylum was Ascomycota, which decreased significantly after continuous cropping. In addition, the content of beneficial fungi such as Chaetomium was reduced, while that of harmful fungi such as Verticillium, Fusarium, and Colletotrichum were increased. The composition of X18 and Y138 fungal community in the same sampling period after continuous cropping was similar, although that of the same sweet potato variety significantly differed with the sampling period. Overall, our results indicate that continuous cropping alters the fungal community structure of the sweet potato rhizospheric soil, such that the content of beneficial fungi decrease, while that of harmful fungi increase, thereby increasing soil-borne diseases and reducing the yield and quality of sweet potato. Furthermore, these effects are different for different sweet potato varieties. Thus, during actual production, attention should be paid to maintain the stability of sweet potato rhizospheric soil micro-ecology through rotation or application of microbial fertilizers and soil amendments to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles.

Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) Varieties as Influenced by Fertilizer type and Rates. A Review

Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) Varieties as Influenced by Fertilizer type and Rates. A Review

Quality evaluation of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) of different varieties using laser light backscattering imaging technique

Non-destructive quality monitoring for horticultural products by means of optical imaging methods have gained wide interest in recent years. This study sought to investigate the potential use of laser-light backscattering imaging technique (LLBI) for non-invasive quality evaluation of sweet potatoes of different varieties after being harvested and stored at ambient temperature. A total of 360 newly harvested samples from the three varieties of locally-produced sweet potatoes in Malaysia i.e. Keledek Anggun 3, Keledek Jingga, and Keledek Kuning were purchased and stored in an ambient room temperature (28–30 °C) for a period of twenty one (21) days. After each 7-day storage, respective samples were taken out and backscattering images (BSI) were acquired using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera attached with laser diodes emitting lights at 658 nm and 780 nm wavelengths, respectively. Quality attributes such as moisture content (MC), soluble solid content (SSC), textural properties (hardness, fracturability, adhesiveness), and flesh color properties (L*, a*, b*) as reference quality parameters (QP) were measured right after BSI acquisitions. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was applied to correlate and predict the relationship between the extracted backscattering parameters (BP) and the QP. Results revealed that there were significant changes (P < 0.05) in the BP during storage for both wavelengths applied. Among all the QP, the textural properties gave the highest correlation (r> 0.70) with BP, particularly the Keledek Kuning variety. The 658 nm wavelength showed better prediction results than 780 nm with r > 0.85 in measuring the textural properties. Thus, the study demonstrated the feasibility of LLBI as a useful non-destructive technique to evaluate the quality of sweet potatoes and can be further utilized for online optical quality grading.

Participatory Varieties Selection and Evaluation of Improved Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) On-Farm at Different Agro-ecologies in Wolaita Zones Southern, Ethiopia

Aim: Ethiopia is considered to be one of the major producers of sweet potato and involves major lands for this purpose. Whereas, varieties of sweet potato that yields maximum are not yet known. So this particular study is aimed to identify the variety for high yield, quality sweet potato, as well as its quantitative evaluation to be done.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: Area situated at Wolaita zone of SNNP regional state is considered as study venue; whereas the performance of fields is evaluated and specified the number of crop yield of that particular area.&#x0D; Results and Discussion: Eleven sweet potato varieties and four local varieties were prepared for the preliminary evaluation. Observations came up with the following varieties namely OFSP1, Kulfo, Koka 6 and Hawassa 83 which were mostly preferred by farmers. Both sweet potatoes had high acceptability; with an average score of 10,11,12,16, (A) and 17, 18 19, (B) out of a maximum of 20, without any significant differences in preference. The varieties were divided into four sets, with each set having two test varieties and the check variety. This is to ensure that farmers will not have difficulty in evaluating and comparing too many varieties.&#x0D; Conclusion: Variety of the potatoes that are preferred by the farmers is different from each other, which are come up with Participatory varietal selection (PVS) technique. So as differences in ranking are also preferred by them, which later ensure the genetically diverse factors and differentials in growing yield of the crops.

Efficiency of insect-proof net tunnels in reducing virus-related seed degeneration in sweet potato.

Virus-related degeneration constrains production of quality sweet potato seed, especially under open field conditions. Once in the open, virus-indexed seed is prone to virus infection leading to decline in performance. Insect-proof net tunnels have been proven to reduce virus infection under researcher management. However, their effectiveness under farmer-multiplier management is not known. This study investigated the ability of net tunnels to reduce degeneration in sweet potato under farmer-multiplier management. Infection and degeneration were assessed for two cultivars, Kabode and Polista, grown in net tunnels and open fields at two sites with varying virus pressures. There was zero virus incidence at both sites during the first five generations. Sweet potato feathery mottle virus and sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus were present in the last three generations, occurring singly or in combination to form sweet potato virus disease. Virus infection increased successively, with higher incidences recorded at the high virus pressure site. Seed degeneration modelling illustrated that for both varieties, degeneration was reduced by the maintenance of vines under net tunnel conditions. The time series of likely degeneration based on a generic model of yield loss suggested that, under the conditions experienced during the experimental period, infection and losses within the net tunnels would be limited. By comparison, in the open field most of the yield could be lost after a small number of generations without the input of seed with lower disease incidence. Adopting the technology at the farmer-multiplier level can increase availability of clean seed, particularly in high virus pressure areas.

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION INTERVALS, ANTITRANSPIRANTS, COMPOST AND HUMIC ACID ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET POTATO

A filed experiment was carried out during two summer successive seasons of 2016and 2017 at the Experimental Farm, El-Gemmeiza, Agric Res. Station, ARC, Gharbya Governorate (MiddleDelta) Egypt, to study the effect of irrigation intervals, antitranspirant agents, soil amendments andtheir interactions on growth, productivity and tuber root quality of sweet potato (Buregard cv.) underNile Delta zone conditions. The most important findings could be summarized as follows: highervalues of growth traits, except number of branches/plant in 2nd season and shoot fresh weight in the 1stseason, shoot N, P and total leaves chlorophyll contents, marketable and total yields, as well averagetuber root weight were obtained due to interaction between irrigating at 12 day interval and thecombined of compost + humic acid as a soil amendment. Total carbohydrates, dry matter (DM), N andK percentages were higher due to irrigating at 24- day interval as interacted with the combined ofcompost + humic acid as soil amendment, whereas total carbohydrates (%) was higher with theinteraction of 24- day irrigation interval and compost treatment (3 ton/fad.). After harvest, higheravailable N, P and K besides pH and EC values were obtained under soil amendment of compost+humic acid as interacted with either 12 or 24- day irrigation regimes, however, differences wereinsignificant.

The Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and Bamboo Shoot Flour (Dendrocalamos Asper) addition on the Quality of Sweet Potato (Manihot Utilisima) Crackers

&lt;p class="E-JOURNALAbstrakTitle"&gt;Bamboo shoots are bamboo plants that have many health benefits because they are rich in Food fiber and potassium. Making crackers with the addition of bamboo shoot flour is one way of using bamboo shoots in food. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of adding sodium bicarbonate, adding bamboo shoot flour and the interaction of adding sodium bicarbonate and bamboo shoot flour to the quality of cassava crackers. This study followed a completely randomized design with 2 levels with 3 levels namely bamboo shoot flour (10%, 20% and 30%) and sodium bicarbonat (0.01%, 0.02% and 0.03%). The results showed that the best treatment of water content was obtained at 0.01% NaHCO3 and 20% bamboo shoot flour at 12.26%. The best ash content was 10% bamboo shoot flour and 0.03% NaHCO3 2.26%. The color and taste organoleptic tests on bamboo shoot flour and NaHCO3 were 2.33 (disliked) in color and 2.47 (disliked), respectively&lt;/p&gt;

PENGARUH SENYAWA HUMAT DAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM TERHADAP SERAPAN HARA NITROGEN DAN KUALITAS BIBIT STEK UBIJALAR (Ipomoea batatas L.)

Seed cutting of sweet potato influenced by nutrient availability, especially nitrogen. Humic straw substances and cattle chicken manure fertilizer can increase the amount of nitrogen in the soil and also can improve the physical nature of soil. This study aimed to find out the influence of humic straw substances and cattle chicken manure fertilizer application toward the uptake of nitrogen nutrients for the seeds cutting quality of sweet potatoes. This research was conducted using factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, trere are humic straw subtances and cattle chiken manure. The variable observed was pH, C-Organic, N-Total of soil total length of plants, wet weight, dry weight, content of N-tissue, and N absorption. The result showed that a combination of humic straw substances and cattle chicken manure fertilizer influence to the increase of N-Total of soil, N-tissue, the uptake of N, the total length of plant, wet weight, and dry weight of the upper plants. The addition of a single factor of chicken manure fertilizer affects to the increase of pH and C-Organic of soil. Moreover, the best treatment combination in increasing the nitrogen uptake were A2P3 treatment (with 0.2% humic acid and 0.92 gram N of manure fertilizer). Furthermore, the best treatment combination in improving the number of seedlings cutting of sweet potatoes was A0P1 treatment (without humic acid and adding 0.46 gram N of manure fertilizer). Keywords: seed cutting of sweet potatoes, nitrogen, chiken cattle manure and humic subtances.

Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour.

Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. There is a need to assess more genetic resources for sweetpotato quality improvement. This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. Using whole unpeeled plants for 'healthy' food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns. Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents were higher in the color-fleshed samples. Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Mulching with plastic film improved the root quality of summer-sown sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L). Lam.) in northern China

The root quality of sweet potato cultivated during the summer season is poor in northern China; thus, this study was conducted to determine whether root quality could be improved through mulching with plastic film (MPF). The effect of MPF on root starch and its composition, the activity of starch synthesis enzymes, and other quality-related parameters were investigated in two purple flesh sweet potato cultivars, Jishu 18 and Ayamurasaki (Aya). The results indicated that root dry matter, anthocyanin content, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and starch content were higher in both cultivars under the MPF treatment than those under the control treatment. The root adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase/uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPGPPase/UDPGPPase) activity and adenosine triphosphatease (ATPase) activity were increased using MPF. However, under the MPF treatment, the amylose content, soluble sugar content, and granule-bound synthase (GBSS) activity increased in Jishu 18 but decreased in Aya, and the amylopectin content, protein content, and soluble starch synthase (SSS) activity decreased in Jishu 18 but increased in Aya. Therefore, MPF seems benifit to improve the quality of sweet potato, but the effects of this treatment condition may be dependent on the cultivar.