Nigeria is the third largest producer of sweet potatoes in the world in terms of quantity, after China and Uganda. In 2010, Nigeria produced 2.5% of the world's production of sweet potatoes. However, sweet potatoes are still considered a minor crop in the country.The study examines the economic analysis of Sweet potato production in, Kano State, North-western part of Nigeria. A sample of 120 farmers was randomly analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting technique, production function and Marginal productivity.The results revealed that majority (43.3%) of the respondents were within the age of 30 - 42 years, 70.83% were males, 69.16% were married, and majority (36.6%) attended non-formal education and 45% had farm size of between 0.2 -1.0 hectares. Results further shows that labour cost accounted for 44.1% of the total cost of production and the gross income per hectare was found to be N75,553 with a gross margin of N45, 527. The result of production function depicts the coefficient of multiple determinations (R 2 ) to be 91%. It further shows that fertilizer and manure were statistically significant at 1%, and 1% level of probability respectively. Moreover, the result of resource use efficiency reveals that farmers under utilized resources like fertilizer, manure, Seed and pesticide, except labour. Findings also revealed that, high cost of inputs; poor access to credit, poor price, pest and diseases as well as poor access to markets were among the major constraints faced by the farmers in the study area. Therefore, the study concludes that Sweet Potato production in the study area is profitable. Hence for profit improvement there is need for resource adjustment. Government on the other side should ensure timely supply of agricultural inputs at subsidized rate, provision of storage facilities and market for output in order to achieve food sufficiency and reduce poverty among farmers. The study indicated that higher yield of sweet potato could be achieved through improved sweet potato variety and application of small quantities of fertilizer as sweet potato can grow well with application small quantities of fertilizer such that is