Sustainable Tourism Practices Research Articles

A critical insight into the intersection of sustainability and technology

Purpose This paper aims to explore the role of blockchain (BCT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in enhancing and incentivizing environmentally responsible, socially inclusive and economically viable tourism practices within the hospitality and tourism (H&T) industry. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a critical reflection research approach that enables a synthesis of information derived from existing literature's insights and the authors' experiences and observations. By examining frameworks and theories in the literature, critical reflection also helps develop a more comprehensive understanding of the topic. Findings This study portrays how BCT could be used to track the sustainability credentials of tourism providers and how AI can optimize energy usage in hotels. This study depicts how adopting technology-driven sustainable practices in the H&T industry can increase profitability, improve reputation, compliance with regulations, efficiency and a better guest experience. Practical implications The study suggests targeted actions and policy frameworks that can be tailored to different stakeholder groups (hospitality businesses, policymakers and tourists) to overcome barriers and maximize the positive societal and environmental impacts of adopting BCT and AI for sustainable tourism. Originality/value The originality of this study lies in its ability to offer new perspectives and novel recommendations on the diverse uses of AI and BCT in the context of sustainable tourism. Furthermore, the study provides strategic and policy elements (Targeted actions and policy frameworks) for stakeholders to integrate sustainable tourism practices using BCT and AI successfully. This study differs from earlier review studies that primarily focused on adopting emerging technologies and ignoring the sustainability angle in the use of technology.

Enhancing tourism management through big data: Design and implementation of an integrated information system

Many sectors, particularly traveling, have been profoundly affected by the fast development of big data technologies. This article provides a detailed examination of the development and execution of a Tourism Management Information System (TMIS) that utilizes big data analytics to improve operational effectiveness, gain insights into tourist behavior, and encourage sustainable tourism practices. The system combines data from several sources, including booking systems, social media platforms, and tracking devices, and addresses issues related to data privacy, quality, and integration. The TMIS utilizes statistical information to provide tailored tourist experiences, enhance resource allocation, and aid in long-term planning. The study emphasizes the significance of strong data management, which involves assuring the precision of data and its immediate significance. Additionally, this article examines the potential of big data in promoting a strong and creative tourism industry. It highlights the importance of future studies in exploring sustainable uses of big data and the incorporation of novel technologies, such as artificial intelligence, to improve personalized experiences. The present research highlights the significant and positive influence of big data on the management of tourism. It offers a structured approach for implementing big data in practice and sets the stage for long-term and sustainable growth in the tourism sector.

The Role of Sustainable Tourism in Enhancing Cultural Heritage Preservation: In-depth Analysis

Sustainable tourism is essential to improving the preservation of cultural property since it encourages ethical travel, helps local communities, and raises money for conservation initiatives. It guarantees the preservation of cultural treasures for future generations while promoting awareness and appreciation of them. In this paper, the relationship between sustainable tourism practice, environmental policies, tourist education, community involvement, tourism revenue allocation, and cultural heritage preservation were evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. Five hypotheses were developed and the dataset includes 232 respondents. A systematic questionnaire with a Likert scale rating was used to evaluate the data. As a result, latent construct validity and reliability were examined, and the structural model evaluated the connections between the constructs in the context of the suggested hypotheses. The structural model revealed that EP, STP, and TE are positively connected to the CHP, providing support for hypothesis 1: Cultural Heritage Preservation and Sustainable Tourism Practice (CHP→STP) and 3:Cultural Heritage Preservation and Environmental Policies (CHP→EP) are well supported and show no significant changes to enhancing heritage preservation.

Microplastic and heavy metal contamination in sediments of the high-altitude Nundkol Lake of northwestern Himalayas-Kashmir

This study investigates heavy metal and microplastic contamination in the sediment of Nundkol Lake, a high-altitude glacial lake in the northwestern Himalayas. Sediment analysis revealed heavy metal concentrations significantly exceeding background levels, with average concentrations of cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and chromium (Cr) recorded at 40.991 ppm, 54.434 ppm, 87,843.59 ppm, 1544.566 ppm, 83.288 ppm, 16.312 ppm, 104.571 ppm, and 106.514 ppm, respectively. Notably, the highest levels of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Pb were observed in sample GL2, indicating potential local geochemical anomalies. The trace elements were quantified using a Graphite Furnace - Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer-PinAAcle 900AA) for high precision.Microplastic analysis revealed an average abundance of 76±12.08 items/kg dry weight, predominantly fibers. The microplastics were mostly red (55.26 %), blue (36.84 %), orange (5.26 %), and green (2.63 %). Raman spectroscopy identified Polyamides (PA) as the predominant type (86.5 %), with the remainder being Polyethylene (PE) and Polypropylene (PP). The results suggest tourism, fishing, and trekking activities as major contributors to microplastic presence. This study uniquely combines the assessment of heavy metal and microplastic contamination in a high-altitude lake, providing a comprehensive view of pollutant dynamics. The findings highlight the need for tailored mitigation strategies and comprehensive monitoring programs to protect this fragile region. Applications include informing environmental policy, guiding pollution mitigation efforts, and promoting sustainable tourism practices. This study offers valuable insights into the environmental health of high-altitude lakes and underscores the need for efforts to mitigate anthropogenic impacts.

Contribution of the English Language to Advancing Travel and Tourism

This article explores the intricate relationship between language and tourism, focusing on the role of English as a global lingua franca in facilitating communication and cultural exchange. While English is often viewed as a colonial language used for resource exploitation, its knowledge is a resource that attracts and facilitates tourists, enriching tourism. The research questions address how English has become integral to tourism and its impacts on tourist experiences and destination choices. The study employs a historical and sociolinguistic analysis, examining the historical, political and economic factors contributing to the globalization of English. The paper emphasizes the importance of effective communication in tourism, illustrating how language proficiency in English enhances tourist experiences and influences destination selection. Additionally, it highlights the significance of linguistic diversity in enriching the tourism experience and promoting inclusivity. Findings indicate that English proficiency significantly enhances tourist experiences while linguistic diversity adds value to tourism. The paper advocates for sustainable tourism practices that embrace cultural and linguistic diversity. Overall, it calls for a deeper understanding of the interplay between language and tourism to foster cultural appreciation and sustainable tourism practices globally.

"REVITALIZING HERITAGE TOURISM IN GWALIOR POST-COVID-19: CHALLENGES, STRATEGIES, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT"

The Gwalior region, which is abundant in historical and cultural assets, offers a substantial number of chances for the growth of tourist business. Gwalior, which is renowned for its magnificent forts, palaces, and temples, has the potential to become one of the most popular tourist destinations in India. With regard to the growth of tourism in the Gwalior region, this article investigates both the difficulties and the opportunities that are associated with it. The region is encountering a number of challenges in order to realize its tourist potential, despite the fact that it has a rich tradition. There are a number of key obstacles, including inadequate infrastructure, which discourages potential tourists. Some examples of this include poor road connectivity and limited hotel options. In addition, the region's attractions are not being utilized to their full potential since there are not enough efficient marketing tactics and promotional activities carried out. Inadequate investments in tourist development and a shortage of workers with the necessary skills both contribute to the worsening of these problems. Nevertheless, there is reason to be optimistic about the future of tourism in Gwalior. The region has the potential to capitalize on its distinctive offerings if it engages in strategic planning and investment. Through the development of sustainable tourism practices, the enhancement of infrastructure, the improvement of accessibility, and the enhancement of accessibility, the region's appeal to domestic and foreign visitors may be considerably increased. Increasing exposure and interaction with prospective visitors may be accomplished via the implementation of efficient marketing campaigns and the utilization of digital technology platforms. The development of tourism that is both inclusive and sustainable may also be promoted through partnerships with local communities and stakeholders, which will ensure that the benefits are transferred to a large number of people. At the end of this paper, recommendations are provided for policymakers and stakeholders to overcome the present difficulties and capitalize on the prospects for tourism expansion in Gwalior. This would ultimately contribute to the socio-economic development of the region.

Developing Madrasah Tourism Experience Model: Examining Tourist Psychological Variables through Systematic Literature Review

This study investigates the Madrasah Tourism Experience Model (MTEM), focusing on its role in understanding the complex interplay between cultural, psychological, and environmental factors in Madrasah tourism. Despite increasing interest in religious and cultural tourism, there is a significant research gap regarding the specific experiences and psychological impacts of visiting Madrasahs. This research addresses this gap by examining key psychological variables influencing tourists’ experiences in these settings. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, the study analyses 16 carefully selected articles from 327,715 papers to construct a comprehensive model. It highlights how social interaction, cultural engagement, novelty, pleasantness, and relaxation contribute to the tourist experience. The findings extend existing theoretical frameworks by exploring how cultural exchange and hospitality within Madrasah tourism can enhance psychological well-being and satisfaction. Key findings indicate that Madrasah tourism can be significantly improved through tailored experiences, such as guided tours and interactive exhibits, and by creating serene, immersive environments. This approach reaffirms established theories and introduces new insights specific to Madrasah tourism. The implications are significant for both academic researchers and tourism practitioners. The MTEM offers practical guidelines for enhancing visitor experiences and promoting sustainable tourism practices. By integrating cultural exchange and environmental stewardship, Madrasahs can provide more engaging and satisfying experiences, fostering long-term visitor loyalty and contributing to cultural and religious tourism.

Environmental implications of migration: Worldwide insights

This study investigates the impact of migrants’ skills, employment sectors, urban planning and energy sectors efficiency on carbon emissions. Utilizing the static and dynamic methods Dynamic GMM, Spatial methods on a panel dataset covering 156 nations from 2000 to 2022. Our findings reveal that heightened geopolitical risk leads to both short and long run increases in carbon emissions and the ecological footprint. The results indicate positive impact of international migration, travel services and urbanization on CO2 emissions. The results also investigate interaction effects, revealing the amplifying effect of urban population density on the association between international migration and CO2 emissions. The disaggregated analysis shows that migrants positively impact CO2 emissions in high income, Lower Income while there is complex association in upper middle-income economies. The findings provide policymakers with valuable insights for prioritizing the adoption of renewable energy, sustainable urban planning, energy efficiency measures, sustainable tourism practices, carbon pricing mechanisms, international cooperation, and sustainable economic growth strategies that are tailored to specific country contexts.

Tourism and Its Environmental Impact on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Abstract: This article explores the impact of tourism on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a pristine archipelago known for its rich biodiversity and unique ecosystems. With increasing tourist influx, the islands face environmental challenges that threaten their natural beauty and ecological balance. Though the tourism development in the islands is in its growing stage, yet the development may have adverse effects on the island’s ecosystem and the traditional culture.[1] The study examines the extent of tourism's impact, including pollution, habitat destruction, and pressure on local resources, and discusses sustainable tourism practices to mitigate these effects. The findings aim to inform policymakers, stakeholders, and the public about the importance of balancing tourism development with environmental conservation.

Collaborative and professional accommodations on Airbnb: Exploring patterns for sustainable tourism management in Spain

This study analyses the characteristics of accommodation types (collaborative and professional) in Madrid, Barcelona, Seville, and Valencia. It examines location factors, including proximity to top tourist spots, concentration of Airbnb accommodations, and population density, to identify which accommodation type contributes to negative impacts in these cities. Additionally, it delves into pricing features, reviews, length of stay, accommodation services, and host characteristics to distinguish between collaborative and professional accommodations.Logistic regression analysis and Random Forest are used, employing 500 decision trees to explore non-linear and complex relationships. Partial dependence plots offer insights into how predictions evolve across different ranges, providing valuable information about the locations, population density, tenure, and reviews associated with the two accommodation types.The findings reveal that professional accommodations tend to be concentrated in areas with high population density and near major tourist attractions, exacerbating tourist overcrowding issues. Conversely, collaborative accommodations are situated more than 4 km away from the main tourist spots, potentially contributing to a more balanced distribution of tourists and avoiding excessive concentration.These findings have significant implications for urban tourism dynamics, offering valuable insights that can inform urban planning, policy development, and sustainable tourism practices.

Effect of Culinary Tourism on Local Economic Development in South Africa

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of culinary tourism on local economic development in South Africa. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study revealed this form of tourism, centered around experiencing local cuisine and food-related activities, contributes to the economic vitality of a region by attracting visitors who spend on dining, food tours, cooking classes, and local food markets. These expenditures generate revenue for local businesses, including restaurants, farmers, food producers, and hospitality services, thereby creating job opportunities and stimulating economic growth. Additionally, culinary tourism fosters the preservation and promotion of local food culture and heritage, which can enhance a destination's unique appeal and competitiveness. This tourism niche often leads to increased demand for local ingredients, thereby supporting agricultural sectors and encouraging sustainable farming practices. Furthermore, the development of food festivals and culinary events can boost off-season tourism, providing a steadier stream of income for local economies. Overall, culinary tourism not only enhances the economic landscape but also reinforces community identity and pride, making it a valuable component of regional development strategies. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social exchange theory, multiplier effect theory and sustainable tourism development theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of culinary tourism on local economic development in South Africa. To mitigate local governments, businesses, and community organizations should work together to create cohesive culinary tourism strategies. Policymakers should create frameworks that encourage sustainable culinary tourism practices.

Tourist satisfaction in Northern Vietnam: The impact of cultural involvement and social media engagement using PLS-SEM

The tourism sector in Northern Vietnam has witnessed significant expansion, enticing international tourists with its distinctive cultural heritage and picturesque scenery. This study examines how local cultural activity and social media engagement affect the relationship between visitor experience and satisfaction. Data was collected from 394 travelers who visited Northern Vietnam using a quantitative approach called Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that the tourist experience has a substantial impact on tourist satisfaction. The relationship is favorably influenced by active participation in local culture, suggesting that greater cultural engagement increases satisfaction. Nevertheless, the impact of social media involvement did not demonstrate a noteworthy moderating influence. The findings offer useful insights for tourism managers and policymakers, underscoring the significance of improving tourist experiences and fostering cultural participation to enhance satisfaction. This study enhances the theoretical comprehension of tourist satisfaction and provides practical suggestions for implementing sustainable tourism practices.

Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for a Sustainable Tourism: A Case Study on Saudi Arabia

This work conducts a rigorous examination of the economic influence of tourism in Saudi Arabia, with a particular focus on predicting tourist spending patterns and classifying spending behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic period and its implications for sustainable development. Utilizing authentic datasets obtained from the Saudi Tourism Authority for the years 2015 to 2021, the research employs a variety of machine learning (ML) algorithms, including Decision Trees, Random Forests, K-Neighbors Classifiers, Gaussian Naive Bayes, and Support Vector Classifiers, all meticulously fine-tuned to optimize model performance. Additionally, the ARIMA model is expertly adjusted to forecast the economic landscape of tourism from 2022 to 2030, providing a robust predictive framework for future trends. The research framework is comprehensive, encompassing diligent data collection and purification, exploratory data analysis (EDA), and extensive calibration of ML algorithms through hyperparameter tuning. This thorough process tailors the predictive models to the unique dynamics of Saudi Arabia’s tourism industry, resulting in robust forecasts and insights. The findings reveal the growth trajectory of the tourism sector, highlighted by nearly 965,073 thousand tourist visits and 7,335,538 thousand overnights, with an aggregate tourist expenditure of SAR 2,246,491 million. These figures, coupled with an average expenditure of SAR 89,443 per trip and SAR 9198 per night, form a solid statistical basis for the employed predictive models. Furthermore, this research expands on how ML and AI innovations contribute to sustainable tourism practices, addressing key aspects such as resource management, economic resilience, and environmental stewardship. By integrating predictive analytics and AI-driven operational efficiencies, the study provides strategic insights for future planning and decision-making, aiming to support stakeholders in developing resilient and sustainable strategies for the tourism sector. This approach not only enhances the capacity for navigating economic complexities in a post-pandemic context, but also reinforces Saudi Arabia’s position as a premier tourism destination, with a strong emphasis on sustainability leading into 2030 and beyond.

Visitors’ Environmental Conservation Behaviour in the Mountain Tourism Destinations in Pakistan

This study investigates the environmental conservation behavior of visitors in mountain tourism destinations across Pakistan, with theoretical support drawn from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Norm Activation Model (NAM), and the Visitor Impact Management (VIM) Framework. With the growing popularity of mountain tourism, concerns regarding its environmental impact have become increasingly pertinent. Understanding the behavior of visitors towards conservation practices is essential for sustainable tourism management. Utilizing a mixed methodology, together with reviews and interviews, this research aims to explore the attitudes, motivations, and actions of tourists towards environmental conservation in Pakistan's mountainous regions. By analyzing data collected from both domestic and international tourists, this study seeks to identify key factors influencing visitors' conservation behavior, such as awareness levels, socio-cultural backgrounds, and perceptions of responsibility. Furthermore, it examines the ability of current conservation initiatives and the potential for enhancing environmental education and awareness among tourists. The findings of this research will add to the expansion of strategies and policies aimed at promoting sustainable tourism practices in Pakistan's mountain destinations, ensuring the preservation of natural resources and the long-term possibility of the travel industry.

Heritage as a Driver of Sustainable Tourism Development: The Case Study of the Darb Zubaydah Hajj Pilgrimage Route

Heritage plays a pivotal role in sustainable tourism development along pilgrimage and historical routes, shaping the identity and character of these places. This study aims to investigate the relationship between heritage and tourism along the Darb Zubaydah pilgrimage route in Saudi Arabia, exploring strategies for developing sustainable tourism that preserves cultural and natural heritage while promoting local economies and community engagement. This research employs a mixed-method approach, integrating data collection and observational research along the Darb Zubaydah route, the main historic Hajj pilgrimage route connecting Kufa in Iraq to Makkah in Saudi Arabia. The chosen case study is analyzed through four heritage sustainable criteria: cultural, environmental, spatial, and economic development, through a cross-sectional analysis of the aspects related to safety measures and risk management. The results demonstrate that including the four criteria in the development of the pilgrimage route leads to defining strategic solutions to enhance this tourist trail for pilgrims, promoting the cultural landscape and heritage by strengthening the sense of identity via a sustainable approach. This study wants to contribute to Vision 2030 to enhance the development of tourism by revitalizing the Islamic, Arab, and national cultural heritage, offering insights into sustainable tourism practices that can be applied to other cultural routes globally.

The Challenges of Naval Electromobility in Amazônia

Introduction: This study aims to assess the feasibility of replacing a diesel-powered tourist boat with a Solar Electric Hybrid Catamaran with a capacity for fifty people to promote sustainable tourism in the Amazon, specifically in the Belém-Pará region. The initiative seeks to take advantage of the opportunity presented by COP 2030 to innovate in the waterway transportation matrix through renewable energy sources. The research is based on sustainability concepts, the environmental impacts of using fossil fuels and the advantages of using solar energy for waterway transportation. The methodology includes a comparative analysis of diesel-powered vessels' operational and environmental costs and a Hybrid Electric system based on data compiled from a master's thesis. The expected results include identifying significant benefits in terms of reduced carbon emissions. The discussion will address the challenges faced in implementation, such as the initial investment costs, the maintenance of the new technologies, and the adaptation of operators and tourists to the latest transportation conditions. The implications of this research are vast; it can serve as an incentive for energy transition in the river transportation sector. Furthermore, this research pioneers the proposal of replacing diesel-powered tourist boats with solar electric hybrid models in the Amazon region. The study adds value by presenting a practical and sustainable solution to the environmental challenges the tourism sector faces, in line with the global sustainability goals set by COP 2030. Objective: This research outlines the importance and potential of naval electric mobility in the Eastern Amazon region, highlighting its relevance within COP 2030 and the SDGs for promoting ecotourism for the Amazon region. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on sustainability concepts, the environmental impacts of using fossil fuels, and the advantages of using solar energy for water transportation. In addition, previous experiences of implementing similar technologies in other regions and the potential for replicability in the Amazon are considered, focusing on environmental conservation and economic development. Method: This research is a compilation of the master's thesis entitled "Waterway electric propulsion technologies: conceptual design of a hybrid vessel with a focus on meeting environmental, social and Governance (ESG) practices," where the study was carried out in the municipality of Belém, Pará in the year 2023. Results and Discussion: The expected results include identifying significant benefits in terms of reduced carbon emissions, lower noise pollution and improved air quality. The discussion will address the challenges faced in implementation, such as initial investment costs, maintaining the new technologies and adapting operators and tourists to the new transportation conditions. Social acceptance and the potential for a positive impact on local tourism will also be assessed. Research Implications: This research has vast implications, ranging from contributing to climate change mitigation to promoting more sustainable tourism practices in the Amazon. Adopting the Solar Electric Hybrid Catamaran can serve as a model for other areas with similar geographical characteristics, encouraging public policies aimed at using renewable energies in the transportation sector. Originality/Value: This research pioneers the proposal of the replacement of diesel-powered tourist boats with a solar electric hybrid model in the Amazon region. The study adds value by presenting a practical and sustainable solution to the environmental challenges faced by the tourism sector, which is in line with the global sustainability goals set by COP 2030.

Digital nomads: a systematic literature review and future research agenda

Purpose This study aims to address the need for robust conceptual foundations in the digital nomadism discourse through a systematic literature review (SLR). It delves into digital nomadism within sustainable tourism, providing valuable insights to foster community development. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a rigorous eight-step process that combines an SLR and a system dynamics approach. In the SLR phase, the authors use the theory, context, characteristics and methodology framework to identify key variables for a dynamic model of sustainable tourism through digital nomadism, following detailed search and selection criteria based on PRISMA guidelines. The second phase uses causal loop diagrams (CLDs) from the literature review to visualize relationships and inform future research directions. The CLD model is validated through literature-based and stakeholder interaction processes, focusing on the social, economic and environmental dimensions, resulting in the development of a robust conceptual model. Findings This study identified 28 theories, including agency–structure theory, travel career ladder theory, stakeholder theory and grounded theory, among others. Semi-structured interviews were the primary research method. Major themes explored encompass community interactions, work lifestyles, cultural aspects, financial considerations, infrastructure and policy. The proposed conceptual model aims to scrutinize relationships across economic, environmental and social dimensions, providing a foundation for investigating and promoting sustainable tourism. Research limitations/implications Policy implications involve refining taxation policies to maintain tax bases, promoting collaborative economic models and enforcing environmental regulations. Additionally, integrating community planning infrastructure and implementing demographic strategies to manage potential population shifts are crucial. Policies supporting education, skill transfer, health and well-being initiatives contribute significantly to fostering sustainable tourism practices and enhancing community vitality. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is the first in the digital nomadism space to propose a conceptual model for sustainable tourism adoption.

Implementation and challenges of sustainable tourism programs in Bali

The rapid growth of tourism in Bali has led to extensive development of accommodations, infrastructure, and facilities, positioning the island as a major tourist destination. However, this growth has brought significant challenges, including environmental degradation, cultural commodification, and social inequalities. The overexploitation of natural resources, unsustainable waste management, and deforestation have raised concerns about the island’s long-term ecological health. Additionally, the commercialization of cultural traditions and rising land prices have disrupted local communities and eroded the authenticity of Balinese heritage. In response, Indonesia has launched the "Decarbonization Roadmap for the Tourism Sector" to transition towards a more sustainable tourism model. This roadmap, supported by traditional values like Tri Hita Karana, emphasizes balancing economic growth with environmental preservation and cultural respect. Sustainable tourism practices such as community-based tourism and ecotourism are emerging as potential solutions, focusing on local participation and environmental conservation. Despite these efforts, significant challenges remain, including the uneven distribution of tourism benefits, income inequality, and the heavy reliance on tourism for Bali’s economy. Addressing these issues will require integrated and thoughtful approaches that prioritize sustainability and inclusive development.

RESONANSI OBJEK WISATA DENGAN NILAI ERGO-IKONIK UNTUK PENGEMBANGUN BERKELANJUTAN

This research aims to complete or fill the research gap conducted by previous researchers related to sustainable tourism development. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey technique of 50 responses conducted during the April 2024 joint leave at the Belitung island tourist attraction. This research found that tiktok, natural, no additional costs, halal culinary are important points for tourists when deciding to travel. aligning tourist attraction development with these values, destinations can increase visitor satisfaction, preserve cultural and natural heritage, encourage local community involvement, and promote responsible and sustainable tourism practices. To achieve this resonance, tourist destination development should engage local stakeholders, adopt a place-based approach, apply ergonomic and eco-friendly design principles, authentically interpret cultural and natural heritage, and monitor and manage tourism impacts. The resonance of tourist attractions with ergo-iconic values can create meaningful tourism experiences and contribute to sustainable tourism development.

Coupling coordination analysis on digital economy-tourism development-ecological environment

Growth-oriented tourism has caused global environmental degradation. The digital economy is widely regarded as a strategic engine of sustainable tourism, creating new potential for eco-environmental improvement by increasing innovation and efficiency, optimizing tourism sustainability management, and promoting sustainable tourist behavior. To reveal the coordination associations of the digital economy, tourism development, and ecological environment (DTE) and achieve sustainability in tourist destinations, this study aims to explore the DTE coupling coordination. We used the coupling coordination model to explore the coupling coordination degree of the DTE in 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2021. Using Markov and modified gravity model, the dynamic evolution and spatial correlation intensity of the coupling coordination were examined, and influencing factors were determined by applying the GTWR model. The evaluation indices of the digital economy, tourism, and environment steadily increased but with significant spatial disequilibrium. The dominant trend was shifting from a lagging digital economy to lagging tourism development. Temporally, the coupling coordination state experienced a mild imbalance transformation to a near imbalance and a large gap with excellent coordination. Spatially, the coupling coordination is characterized by decreasing steps in the eastern, central, and western regions. The coupling coordination has regional diffusion and spatial correlation phenomena. Third, economic development, opening up, and government support positively affected the coupling coordination. Industrial structure had a fluctuating impact on the coupling coordination, and urbanization and transportation accessibility had a negative effect. Our study emphasizes the importance of DTE coordination development. Policymakers should consider these dynamics when promoting sustainable tourism practices in the digital age.