Sustainable Health Research Articles

The Impact of Economic Factors on Public Health Expenditure in Türkiye: Principal Component Analysis Evaluation for the Period 2002-2022

This study analyzes the economic factors affecting public health expenditure in Türkiye from 2002 to 2022. The main objective is to identify the economic reasons for the decreasing share of public health expenditure in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It examines macroeconomic variables such as GDP per capita, unemployment rate, labor force participation rate, consumer price index, tax revenue, and exchange rate using principal component analysis (PCA). The results show that GDP per capita, exchange rate, and tax revenue significantly impact public health expenditure, indicating a direct relationship between economic growth and health spending. The unemployment rate does not directly affect public health expenditure, while an increase in labor force participation rate can reduce it. This study underscores the importance of macroeconomic stability and effective economic policies for sustainable health financing in Türkiye. By using long-term data, it provides a comprehensive analysis of how economic factors impact health expenditure, distinguishing it from other studies in the literature. The findings emphasize that a healthy economy leads to increased public investment in health services.

건강도시 기본 조례 제정 및 운영이 성인의 건강 생활실천에 미친 영향

The World Health Organization’s “Healthy Cities” initiative seeks to enhance community well-being by improving urban environments and promoting healthy lifestyles such as smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption, and increased physical activity. These efforts aim to reduce chronic diseases and manage obesity. However, the effectiveness of these initiatives often lacks quantitative evaluation, especially regarding the impact on the health lifestyle practices of adults in the community. This study evaluates the impact of the Healthy City Ordinance on local adult health behaviors in 214 Korean municipalities by analyzing data on smoking cessation, alcohol consumption, and walking practice from 2008 to 2020, using ecological analysis. This study assesses the impact of Korea’s Healthy Cities Basic Ordinance on adult healthy lifestyle practices using ecological analyses from 2008 to 2022, finding a significant reduction in smoking and high-risk drinking rates, but no significant change in walking rates, suggesting that while the ordinance positively influences some health behaviors, its effects are not uniformly distributed across all health behavior areas. This study highlights the importance of healthy city ordinances in public health by providing evidence that supports the development of sustainable health promotion strategies, emphasizing the role of ordinances in policy-making, and offering insights that aid in the effective design and implementation of health policies, potentially guiding future research and strategic approaches in the field.

From Streets to Tables: Bottom–Up Co-creation Case Studies for Healthier Food Environments in Vietnam and Nigeria

Current food systems fail to provide equity, sustainability, and positive health outcomes, thus underscoring the critical need for their transformation. Intervening in food environments holds substantial promise for contributing to this much-needed transformation. Despite scholars and practitioners often recognizing the necessity for bottom–up approaches, there is a dearth of empirical investigations evaluating the potential of these approaches to contribute to food system transformations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Our study aimed to address this research gap, providing a unique perspective in this regard. Drawing on evidence from two co-creation case studies conducted with small-scale informal fruit and vegetable vendors and poor consumers in Vietnam and Nigeria from January 2020 to December 2021, we explored the relevance of bottom–up community-engaged co-creation processes in intervening within LMICs’ food retail environments. Employing a mixed-methods approach that includes quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, participatory workshops, and focus group discussions, we demonstrated that bottom–up co-creation processes involving marginalized socioeconomic groups can generate retail-level innovations that are tailored to informal retail contexts, whereas remaining aligned with established top–down theories and literature pertaining to food environments and healthy diets. We provided empirical evidence highlighting how both vendors and consumers respond positively to the co-created innovations. Expanding upon our results, we offered methodological insights applicable to interventions targeted at food environments in LMICs, and considerations for future research or development initiatives in this domain. Our findings revealed the capacity of vulnerable stakeholders to actively engage in public health initiatives and contribute to developing innovative solutions that are context-specific and conducive to the adoption of healthier dietary practices. These results confirm the potential of bottom–up, co-creation, real-world interventions within informal settings to contribute toward fostering inclusive transformation of food systems.

Motorcycle Taxi in Shared Mobility and Informal Transportation: A Bibliometric Analysis

Background: Motorcycle taxi (MCT) is a form of widely used informal transportation. Over the last few years, MCT has developed from conventional public transportation into a modern business using digital technology. In these services, digitalization has received a positive response from the public and the increasing number creates many challenges. However, there is a gap in the discussion of new service models for shared mobility transportation. Objective: This research aimed to analyze MCT, providing an overview of the services as informal transportation. Methods: Bibliometric analysis was used to evaluate 366 articles published in the Scopus database between 2011-2023. In addition, annual publications and citation topics, most productive sources and influential articles, relevant affiliations, productive countries, location research, main topics, and future research options were identified. Results: Frequently occurring topics were reported with past and present academic developments related to MCT services. Based on the publication themes, the main topics were arranged into five clusters, namely (a) the development of more sustainable transportation services, (b) environmental and health impact, (c) road safety, (d) risky behaviors or risk factors as MCT drivers, and (e) utilization of MCT for medical or health services. Meanwhile, the research topics comprised themes about travel behavior, health, safety-security, customer satisfaction, and advanced mobility topics. Conclusion: This research increased knowledge about main topics, trends and future analysis options in MCT. The academic developments served as a guide to future topics. Keywords: Motorcycle taxi, public transportation, informal transportation, shared mobility, bibliometric analysis

ANALISIS PENGUNGKAPAN INFORMASI LINGKUNGAN DALAM LAPORAN KEUANGAN PDAM KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO : PERSPEKTIF GREEN ECONOMI DAN TANGGUNGJAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN

This research aims to analyze the disclosure of environmental information in the financial statements of the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) of Bondowoso Regency, considering the perspectives of green economy and corporate social responsibility. The disclosure of environmental information is increasingly important in the context of environmental protection and business sustainability. A qualitative approach is used to analyze the financial statements of PDAM Bondowoso Regency with a focus on environmental information disclosure elements. Findings from this research are expected to provide new insights into environmental information disclosure practices in the public sector, especially in regional companies such as PDAM. The implications of this analysis can contribute to the development of green economy and corporate social responsibility in Bondowoso Regency and encourage other companies to improve transparency and accountability in disclosing environmental information in the financial statements of PDAM Bondowoso Regency. In conclusion, the management of waste by PDAM Bondowoso Regency still has shortcomings, such as suboptimal waste treatment, gaps in handling various types of waste, technological limitations, and lack of awareness or understanding. The disclosure of environmental information in financial statements is also constrained by factors such as lack of awareness, resource constraints, and regulatory uncertainty. This results in suboptimal disclosure of prevention and detection cost allocations and environmental failure costs. Steps are needed to enhance transparency, such as improvements in disclosing cost allocations and detailed operating costs for waste management. Thus, stakeholders can better understand PDAM's efforts to maintain environmental sustainability and public health

Journey From a Digital Innovation to a Sustainable Health Worker Capacity-Building App in India: Experiences, Challenges, and Lessons Learned.

Health workers, especially auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs), are among the most critical resources in improving the quality of immunization services and reducing vaccine hesitancy under the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in India. To improve health worker immunization skills, UIP trainings in India are primarily conducted through instructor-led classroom, cascade trainings. However, a 2018 capacity-building need assessment revealed several challenges involved in traditional classroom training, such as a single-time exposure to new guidelines, complicated logistics arrangements, a lack of refresher training, and varying quality of training. These complexities make it difficult to meet the timely knowledge and skill needs of every health worker effectively and uniformly in a rapidly changing scenario of UIP. To meet health worker capacity-building needs and address these challenges, Rapid Immunization Skill Enhancement (RISE), a learning management system (LMS) application, was conceptualized. The RISE LMS application was developed as a human-centered, interactive, continuous, and adaptable knowledge and skill-building platform for health workers engaged in the UIP. RISE complements existing classroom-based cascade training for health workers by leveraging digital technologies for faster, easier, and more effective knowledge transfer to accommodate the fast-changing needs of a dynamic health program like UIP. In this article, we share the challenges and strategic solutions to digital training applications, lessons learned, sustainability of the application, and the impact RISE has made in India, all of which stemmed from leadership, coordinated efforts from a team of skilled professionals, government acceptance, detailed planning, and continued stakeholder engagement.

Methods for Learning in Tripartite Collaboration – A Study Inspired by Action Research

Both private and public organizations are in need of employees with sustainable health, to be effective and productive. Mobile health applications have now started to be implemented for health promotion for individuals and groups at work. Such applications can motivate participation and engagement for health activities, and support managers in suggesting appropriate activities for the individuals and for the working groups, to promote the health of the employees in the production industry. The aim of this research is to analyze how research activities can be designed in collaboration with industrial companies and a software company to support learning for improved work-related health, in implementing digital applications. Action research is used as an approach to knowledge production within this field of work. This paper sheds light on the underlying mechanisms that make the collaborative endeavor a dynamic and impactful process. The active involvement of researchers, private industrial companies, and the software company is not merely a facilitator for data collection; it is the driving force that propels the research forward, ensuring its relevance, innovation, and real-world impact.

Opinion: Differentiating Natural Threats and Hazards for Water and Wastewater Structures and Operations - Energetic Threats and Hazards for the Water Industry

A novel approach is presented to view, discern, and to redefine dangerous threats and hazards from natural events that can impact water and wastewater systems. The intent of this approach is to minimize ambiguity while enhancing preparedness and operational awareness of water and wastewater facilities, each vital for sustainable public health. This new approach recognizes potential and kinetic energy sources to differentiate between the threats and hazards generated by natural events, such as hurricanes, tornadoes or landslides, which can impact the steady-state operations of essential water and wastewater recovery facilities, associated infrastructure, plus endanger workers and exposed personnel. To support thisrethinking, absent in current literature searches, “energetic models” for anticipating latent, partial or total disruption of water and wastewater facilities and related management operations from naturally occurring events, such as a hurricane, tornado, or landslide, are presented. The proposed “energetic models” are atypical, yet they have practical value and encourage the rethinking and reimagining of threats and hazards used by water professionals and related fields and professions. The proposed models can be applied clearly to multiple and complex natural, human-caused, technological and equally disruptive events for water enterprises, expanding to similar challenges in public health responses to disease outbreaks.

Efficiency and longevity trade-off analysis and real-time dynamic health state estimation of solid oxide fuel cell system

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising energy conversion technology due to its advantages of high efficiency, low emissions, and fuel adaptability. Addressing the balance between efficiency and longevity is crucial for their application on a large scale. Accurate estimation and prediction of the health state of SOFC systems is essential for the study of optimization between system efficiency and degradation. In this work, the influence law of degradation, the relationship between efficiency and longevity, and their joint optimization, alongside the state of health (SOH) estimation of the SOFC system have been deeply investigated, based on a rigorously validated model of a degraded SOFC system. First, the influential variables that predominantly influence system degradation are identified and analyzed via principal component analysis, including stack average temperature, stack temperature gradient, and fuel utilization. Then, the exploration of the trade-off relationship between system efficiency and longevity under all operating conditions is conducted, and the influence laws of influential variables on system degradation are revealed. In light of the lack of accuracy during load changes and the high time cost for existing SOH estimation methodologies, a novel improved SOH estimation strategy, considering both stack voltage and current-related states, is proposed for real-time estimation of system SOH under varying fuel compositions and dynamic power scenarios. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing with existing methodologies. This comprehensive study lays the groundwork for the effective and sustainable health management of SOFC systems, ensuring their efficiency and longevity are maintained at an optimal balance.

Optimizing removal of elemental mercury from flue gas using halide‐impregnated red mud

AbstractMercury (Hg0) emission from coal‐fired industrial plants poses severe threats to ecosystem sustainability and human health, urging the development of novel and cost‐effective adsorbents to treat industrial flue gas. Herein, the modification of industrial residual red mud (RM) through the impregnation of hydrogen halides (HH) and its adsorption characteristics for removing elemental mercury from combustion flue gas was reported. Experimental investigation of HH‐modified RM reveals that the hydrogen iodide (HI)‐modified RM with a concentration of 1.5 M had a maximum Hg0 removal efficiency of 98%, whereas hydrogen bromide (HBr) 1.5 M modified RM had a maximum Hg0 removal efficiency of 90%. The effect of various parameters, such as reaction temperature and halide concentrations, were also found to be influential for the adsorption efficiency of the modified RM. Moreover, it is important to highlight the chemisorption characteristics of HI‐modified RM, which significantly enhances the efficiency of the removal process. The Hg0 removal efficiency increases with the increase in HI concentration (1.5 M @ 93%) with an optimal reaction temperature of 140°C. Furthermore, the maximum Hg0 removal attained with a change in NO concentration was 98% at 200 ppm. However, increasing the SO2 concentration reduces the efficiency of RM for removing Hg0 in simulated coal combustion flue gas. The pseudo‐second‐order model (R2 = 0.98) accurately describes the adsorption of in kinetic investigations, indicating a chemisorption mechanism. This analysis of the chemisorption mechanism highlights the efficiency of halide‐modified industrial solid waste, which has the potential to be used in the design of economical and innovative adsorbents for reducing environmental pollution. The present study employed specific reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, halide loading contents, and different flue gas compositions, which had not been extensively explored.

The moderating role of food involvement: An application of the theory of planned behaviour model in reducing red meat consumption

Reducing red meat intake is crucial for both planetary sustainability and human health. However, various psychosocial barriers impede this dietary shift, necessitating the application of psychological models such as the Theory of Planned behaviours (TPB) to predict individuals’ inclination to reduce red meat consumption. Despite TPB’s widespread use, there is a need for a more refined model addressing emotional variables. This study aims to assess TPB’s effectiveness in understanding intentions and behaviours regarding red meat reduction, while investigating food involvement’s role as a moderator between intention and behaviours. Data were collected through two questionnaires (n = 963, Time 1; n = 541, Time 2) filled out by a representative sample of the Italian population. Using descriptive statistics and structural equation models, findings reveal that attitudes and subjective norms explain 22.2 % of the variance in intentions to reduce red meat consumption. Additionally, perceived behavioural control and intention account for 39.7 % of the variance in self-reported meat consumption behaviours six months later. Moreover, high levels of food involvement hinder the translation of intention into behaviour, highlighting its moderating effect. These results emphasize the necessity of reshaping red meat reduction strategies and promoting alternative consumption choices, fostering habitual practices linked to positive emotions. It is crucial for reducing red meat consumption that this behaviour becomes a cultural symbol of change, identifying individuals as “new consumers” within a society adapting to environmental and health challenges. By integrating emotional factors into behavioural models, interventions can better address barriers and promote sustainable dietary habits.

Five Underutilized Ecuadorian Fruits and Their Bioactive Potential as Functional Foods and in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review.

The Ecuadorian Amazon harbors numerous wild and cultivated species used as food, many of which are underutilized. This review explores the bioactive potential of five such fruits-Borojó (Alibertia patinoi); Chonta (Bactris gasipaes); Arazá (Eugenia stipitata); Amazon grape (Pourouma cecropiifolia), a wild edible plant; and Cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum)-and their applications against metabolic syndrome. This study highlights their health-promoting ingredients and validates traditional medicinal properties, emphasizing their significance in improving health and mitigating the effects of the Western diet. These fruits, integral to Ecuadorian cuisine, are consumed fresh and processed. Chonta is widely cultivated but less prominent than in pre-Hispanic times, Borojó is known for its aphrodisiac properties, Cocona is traditional in northern provinces, Arazá is economically significant in food products, and Amazon grape is the least utilized and researched. The fruits are rich in phenolics (A. patinoi, E. stipitata) and carotenoids (B. gasipaes, E. stipitata), which are beneficial in controlling metabolic syndrome. This study advocates for more research and product development, especially for lesser-known species with high phenolic and anthocyanin content. This research underscores the economic, cultural, and nutritional value of these fruits, promoting their integration into modern diets and contributing to sustainable agriculture, cultural preservation, and public health through functional foods and nutraceuticals.

School-based learning about sugary drinks: possibilities and potential for curriculum approaches supporting health promotion in New Zealand.

Achieving greater alignment with national curriculum and local school and teacher objectives alongside a deeper understanding of student needs can enhance the impact and reach of health promotion interventions. This study reports on teacher perspectives of a multi-pathway curriculum outline supporting learning (Grades 7-9) about sugary drinks. The outline was developed to support scale-up and sustainability of a successful sugary drink intervention trialed in four New Zealand secondary schools. Sixteen teachers from a range of subjects provided input via focus groups. Inductive qualitative thematic analysis was used to identify and interpret patterns within the data. Sugary drinks were perceived to be an important and engaging learning context. Teachers valued the potential long-term societal benefits of health-based learning and benefits to individual students and their families. They recognised students as health communicators and influencers within families and communities. Relevance to students' lives and alignment with national curriculum and assessment objectives and teacher subject expertise were key factors in learning pathway selection. Teacher support is crucial in facilitating sustainable school-based health promotion, which often does not sit within a single curriculum area. Factors such as these, that teachers prioritise in their curriculum decision-making, must be understood and leveraged in school-based health promotion research.

Epistemological aspects of participatory design studies conducted in the field of health science.

To discuss the methodological aspects of participatory design, arguing for a three-phase approach and the suitability of situating participatory design within a phenomenological-hermeneutical tradition in health science. Methodological discussion based on participatory design theory, epistemology and research studies. The epistemological and methodological discussions show how the core values and key elements of participatory design align with the phenomenological-hermeneutical approach. In addition, examples of participatory design studies are provided to illustrate how it can be conducted in health science. Participatory design is a flexible framework based on genuine participation, defined by three core values: having a say, mutual learning and democratization. The iterative processes allow for adjustments in alignment with the core values and the scientific stance that defines the choice of methods, tools and techniques. A phenomenological-hermeneutic approach in participatory design studies is relevant and aligned with the core values of participatory design. Thus, this paper argues for a close integration between the participatory design methodology and the phenomenological-hermeneutic scientific approach within health science. Participatory design is a powerful methodology with core values that can co-design sustainable health technologies with potential to impact patient care and the clinical practice of nurses. When combined with qualitative research methods, patients' lived experiences serve as the foundation for improving clinical nursing practice. Discussing the epistemological aspects of participatory design provides nurse researchers with a coherent methodological understanding, essential for the continual development of nursing research. This paper discusses the research methodology of participatory design within health sciences. It aims to address the lack of understanding of the methodology, particularly within a specific scientific stance. The main finding is the elaboration on participatory design and the relevance of a phenomenological-hermeneutical approach. The paper has the potential to impact researchers, master's and PhD students, as well as others engaged in participatory design or other methodologies related to user involvement within health science. No available EQUATOR guidelines were applicable to this methodological paper, as no new data were created or analysed. There was no direct patient or public contribution, as this is a methodological paper.

Psychological wellbeing with music therapy: the moderating role of health awareness, and strategic health management in post Covid-19 era

BackgroundPsychological problems are common among the people of every community. These psychological issues are leading people to mental health issues. Human well-being is required to be improved appropriately for the better health of the public. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of music therapy on the sustainable psychological well-being of the Chinese community. Furthermore, this research determines that moderating role of health awareness and strategic health management between music therapy and sustainable psychological well-being.MethodThe research used a sample of 384 collected with a random sampling method. For data collection, a cross-sectional method was adopted to collect data on a Likert scale questionnaire. The Health Awareness Scale, Music Therapy Scale, Sustainable Health Management Scale and Sustainable Psychological Wellbeing Scale was used in this research.ResultsThe findings of the research highlighted that there is a significant and positive influence of music therapy on the sustainable psychological well-being of the Chinese community. This research also concluded that there is a significant and positive moderating role of health awareness and strategic health management between music therapy and sustainable psychological well-being. The findings of this research are new and novel in the literature on psychological well-being.ConclusionThis research has some theoretical and practical implications to advance the literature and practice for sustainable psychological well-being respectively. In clinical practice, music therapy can be effectively used to improve the psychological well-being of individuals with sustainability. The information related to health awareness and practice for strategic health management is also necessary for the clinical patients to improve their psychological well-being.

Fostering Critical Nurse Observation as a Source of Research Topics: ‘Listen to your Nurse’

As healthcare systems develop, there is an explicit call towards interprofessional learning and working, valuing observations and perspectives of all disciplines. Such a multi-perspective is pivotal for innovation, leading to optimal and sustainable health care. In such an interprofessional work environment, it is obvious that the nurses engage in the formulation of research questions within clinical practice settings. This case report describes a case in which nurses observed important issues that no physician or midwife on the team would have noticed. In collaboration with other team members, the nurses subsequently engaged in research which resulted in new information to improve care. The aim of this paper is to explore strategies to promote nurse participation in at least the formulation of research questions based on their observation and perspectives. For fostering critical nurse observation as a source of research topics, we propose four strategies. First, cultivating awareness through a culture of evidence-based practice and critical reflection on common practice. Second, stimulating persistence in addressing moral dilemmas concerning better care despite resistance. Third, facilitating interprofessional learning in an open culture, where diverse perspectives are valued, and it is psychologically safe to bring them in. Fourth, overcoming funding disparities and facilitating nurse-led research, acknowledging the underrepresentation of nurses in funding agencies. These measures aim to empower nurses to observe critically, use their unique perspectives, and bring in research topics.

A national-scale assessment on the spatial and temporal variations in water color for urban lakes in China

Monitoring the variations of lake water quality is essential for urban water security and sustainable eco-environment health. However, it is challenging to investigate the water quality of urban lakes at large scales due to the need for large-amount in situ data with diverse optical properties for developing the remote sensing inversion algorithms. Forel-Ule Index (FUI), a proxy of quantifying water color, whose calculation does not require in situ data of specific properties, can comprehensively reflect water quality conditions. However, the spatial and temporal distribution of water color in Chinese urban lakes is still poorly understood. To fill this research gap, this study investigated the spatial distribution of water color in 523 urban lakes (area > 0.5 km2) in China using the FUI derived from the high-quality Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) data onboard Sentinel-2 during the ice-free period (April–October) from 2019 to 2022. The monthly and seasonal variation patterns of water color in urban lakes were also analyzed. Our results show that green domain is the most common color of urban lakes, with about 86 % of urban lakes in China being green, and non-green lakes accounting for only 14 % of the total number of lakes. The monthly variation of FUI in urban lakes across the country and multiple geographic regions is basically the same. The monthly average FUI first increases, then decreases, and then rebounds. We also found that the seasonal variation of water color in most urban lakes in southern and northern China is opposite. This study helps to comprehensively understand the spatial and temporal variation of water color and quality of urban lakes in China, providing key basic information for the protection and governance of urban lakes.

Quantifying sustained health system benefits of primary care-based integrated disease management for COPD: a 6-year interrupted time series study

BackgroundSevere exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a trajectory-changing life event for patients and a major contributor to health system costs. This study evaluates the real-world impact of...

Biodiversity Conservation Strategies and their Impact on Ecosystem Health in Mozambique

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the biodiversity conservation strategies and their impact on ecosystem health in Mozambique. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Biodiversity conservation strategies in Mozambique have enhanced ecosystem health, promoting species richness and habitat preservation. Through protected area management and community-based initiatives, threatened species and ecosystems have shown signs of recovery. Sustainable land management and habitat restoration projects have bolstered ecosystem resilience. However, challenges like habitat fragmentation and illegal wildlife trade persist, demanding ongoing research and integrated conservation approaches for sustained biodiversity and ecosystem health. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Resilience theory, community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) & political ecology may be used to anchor future studies on biodiversity conservation strategies and their impact on ecosystem health in Mozambique. Implement community-based conservation initiatives that empower local communities to actively participate in biodiversity conservation efforts. Ensure that biodiversity conservation is mainstreamed into national development policies and strategies in Mozambique

When cellulosomes meet humans

Cellulosomes are intricate molecular machines that efficiently degrade lignocellulose. Previous studies have proposed that cellulosomes are mainly produced by microorganisms from the soil environment and from the rumen environment of ruminants, and are therefore related to the carbon cycle in nature, the feeding efficiency of livestock, and the emission of the greenhouse gas methane. A recent study showed that cellulosome-producing strains of the genus Ruminococcus also exist in the human gut, and that their prevalence is closely related to the dietary habits of the host, thus having potential relevance and impact on human nutrition and health. Research on cellulosomes may thus significantly contribute to the fields of environmental sustainability, livestock agriculture, and human nutritive health.