Sustainable Economic Activity Research Articles

Analysis of the Decisive Factors of Government Attracting Tourists in Public Management from the Perspective of Environmental Protection

Tourism is a critical sustainable social and economic activity that can empower local communities. The current study strived to explore decisive factors that might be used it promotes environmental protection. Governments worldwide might employ to improve conservation and the tourism sector. There is a need to sponsor more publications on tourism and the environment that provide rigor, insight, and significance. There is also a need to address critical impacts, including greenhouse gases for airlines, liquid wastes for cruise ships, water and energy conservation for urban hotels, vegetation clearance, and wildlife displacement for rural resorts, and a range of direct and indirect local impacts on plants and animals for nature-based and adventure tourism in parks and wilderness areas. Governments need to work on economic models that address; currency exchange rates; airfares and taxes; land tenure and wildlife ownership laws; transport infrastructure; police, quarantine, and border security; investment law; public protected-area systems; and a variety of social pressures and fashions. The most effective means to improve environmental management in tourism is through laws and regulations for development planning, pollution control, and protected areas. In developed nations, tourism threatens conservation as property developers push to build private facilities inside public protected areas. In developing nations, tourism is a tool to fund conservation in public parks and private or communal lands. Visitors to the public, and protected areas contribute political and financial capital to park agencies. A few private tourism operators have converted areas of private and communal land to conservation.

Executive and hierarchical models for participatory response to health emergencies in the workplace: Lessons from COVID-19

IntroductionWorkplaces are high-risk environments for epidemic transmission, and the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the significant impacts that health emergencies can have on both the healthcare system and the economy. This study presents executive and hierarchical models for participatory response to health emergencies in the workplace, with a focus on COVID-19. MethodsThe study was conducted in three phases. Content analysis of interviews with 101 stakeholders and national documents was used to identify key themes and dimensions for an executive model. A focus group discussion and review of international documents were then used to refine and expand the executive and hierarchical models. The alignment and trustworthiness of the final models, as well as feedback, were gathered from 117 informants working in various workplaces. ResultsThe executive model highlighted that context understanding, management commitment, and participation play critical roles in developing tailored prevention and response plans, and adequate support is necessary for successful plan implementation. Monitoring and review processes should be established to ensure proper functioning. The hierarchical model emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts from various stakeholders to effectively implement pandemic prevention and participatory response plans. ConclusionOverall, the executive and hierarchical participatory models presented in this study provide a framework for effectively controlling pandemics and other health emergencies in the workplace, enhancing both health resilience and the sustainability of economic activities.

To treat wastewater with wastes: a highly efficient flocculant from fly ash and rice straw.

Water resources are vital for sustainable human life and economic activities. However, the issue of water pollution has reached alarming levels. Coking wastewater, known for its high concentrations of organic matter and toxic substances, poses significant environmental hazards. In response to this challenge, we developed a novel composite flocculant called polymeric aluminum ferric chloride (PAFC)/rice straw (PAFC/RS) from fly ash (a coal waste) and rice straw (an agricultural waste). The PAFC/RS was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR). The flocculation performance of PAFC/RS was studied utilizing humic acid simulated coking wastewater as the target by measuring the chemical oxygen demand (COD), UV254, and turbidity. A removal efficiency of 97.3% for turbidity, 79.7% for COD, and 98.2% for UV254 was reached for the PAFC/RS with an optimal composition. It demonstrated a better flocculation effect compared to the traditional aluminum-iron-based inorganic flocculant. The PAFC/RS possesses great potential for a straightforward, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly water treatment material.

The Rise and Fall of the EU Taxonomy: Lessons in the Implementation of Sustainability Accounting and Accountability

The initial purpose of the EU Taxonomy was to establish a framework that defines environmentally sustainable economic activities within the European Union (EU), designed to address the urgent need for a common language and criteria to identify and classify sustainable investments. Its offspring, the EU-CSRD and European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS), would aim to provide clarity and transparency to investors, businesses, and policymakers regarding the environmental performance of economic activities. Lofty goals notwithstanding, the daunting task to catalogize all business activity in terms of its environmental and social footprint, has been branded as a failure. The regulatory capture by business groups and member state interests has led to a dilution of initial targets, that it no more satisfies the requirements on which the EU Taxonomy was originally based. The way forward is unclear and entails further time-wasting, or delegating pressing environmental needs to private standard setting bodies. Initiatives led by the ISSB through the IFRS foundation, SASB and the TCFD, to develop globally recognized sustainability reporting standards, provide for a viable and more effective, alternative regime.

Strategic Capabilities in Sustainability-oriented Value Chains in the Northern German Agri-Food Ecosystem – a Natural-Resource-based View Perspective

Strategic Capabilities in Sustainability-oriented Value Chains in the Northern German Agri-Food Ecosystem – a Natural-Resource-based View Perspective

Investigation on Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Cultivation in Aquaponic Aquaculture (Carp, Cyprinus carpio L.)

Aquaponic production system, which creates a sustainable production ecosystem by bringing water, fish, and plants together in a closed system, is a reflection of sustainable economic activities in aquaculture. In this context, the aim of the study was to investigate the cultivation possibilities of carp, lavender, and basil in two different grow beds (water and mollusc shell) created in the aquaponic production system. Basil and lavender as plant material and carp as fish material were used in the study. The experimental design was formed from 12 pots of 90 L volume, and the experiment was continued for 60 days with 3 replications. In the study, reasonably high values for specific growth rate (1.96±0.01 g), condition factor (1.5), and survival rate (97.05%) were obtained in carp. While basil (23.5 cm, 23.5 cm, and 16.5 cm) and lavender (16.57 cm, 15.14 cm end 9.73 cm) grown in water media performed better in terms of plant height, root length, and dry herb yield, the green herb yields of basil (49 cm) and Levander (19 cm) were found to be high for both plants in the mollusc shell media. The maximum NH4, NO3+NO2, and PO4 values were determined as 1.30 mg L-1 (in 3. quarter and fish tank), 40.07 mg/L (in 3. quarter and Levander shell group), and 0.37 mg L-1 (in 1. quarter and basil shell group) respectively.

녹색분류체계 적용6 프로세스 및 적합성 평가 방법론 연구 - 고속도로 부문 중심으로

The green taxonomy has been developed to provide clear criteria for identifying sustainable economic activities to prevent greenwashing. Many investors and companies use green taxonomy as a tool for making informed decisions about sustainable economic activities. This study investigated a methodology for companies to identify their eligible and aligned economic activities of green taxonomy through alignment assessment with technical screening criteria. The study identified green economic activities suitable for both the European Union and Korean Green Taxonomy of the expressway industry. This study offers insights for companies to identify their sustainable economic activities aligned with green taxonomy, facilitating sustainable informstion disclosure and access green-financing.

Nuclear perceptions from radioactive blue to sustainable green: The EU taxonomy as reflection of a divided public

Following the Fukushima disaster, several European countries revisited their policies and decided to phase out nuclear energy production. More recently, however, the EU taxonomy proposed a classification system of environmentally sustainable economic activities and consequently reopened the debate regarding nuclear energy. This study analyses public comments about the inclusion or exclusion of nuclear energy as a response to climate change, in the conceptual frameworks of ecological modernization, sustainability and technological neutrality. The study highlights the challenge of shaping energy policies amid dynamic circumstances and diverse viewpoints. Proponents of nuclear energy emphasised its low‐carbon emissions and climate change mitigation potential, while opponents focused on issues of radioactive waste and environmental risks. The study reveals that sustainability emerges as a potential reconciling framework to match arguments to influence the EU's decision‐making, while it reflects the political primacy of this process. Finally, this research recommends improving feedback visibility and enhancing clear communication, and suggests further research directions to understand future EU nuclear energy policies.

A view on ecological and social taxonomy in the EU

The article examines the views in the European Union on ecological and social taxonomy and Reports on this topic submitted to the European Commission. The author shows how the scope of the «Taxonomy Ordinance» is expanding beyond environmentally sustainable economic activities and transferred to the social goals of sustainability. The connection between ecological and social taxonomy is shown and it is noted that social taxonomy was developed in the European Union according to the model of ecological taxonomy. The tasks facing the authors of the Social Taxonomy Report are highlighted. It is emphasized that there are three very important differences between ecological and social taxonomy, which sometimes make it difficult to apply some of the approaches used in ecological taxonomy to social phenomena. The article notes that the social taxonomy is not intended to replace national regulation and must respect the contractual separation that exists in different countries, which means recognition by the EU governing bodies of differences in national labor market models and collective bargaining systems. The author concludes that social taxonomy is designed to support investment in activities that contribute significantly to social goals, in much the same way that environmental taxonomy is designed to support investment in environmentally sound activities.

The EU Taxonomy: Financing the Transition through Sustainable Investing

The EU Taxonomy is the cornerstone of the European Sustainable Finance Strategy. It is a robust, science-based transparency tool for determining environmentally sustainable economic activities. It plays a crucial role in enabling informed investment decisions and driving additional investments towards a climate-neutral and sustainable economy. But the Taxonomy is, first and foremost, a tool for companies to access the capital they need to finance their transition to net zero and green their activities.

Economic complexity, property rights and the judicial system as drivers of eco-innovations: An analysis of OECD countries

Rising global temperatures and the increase in natural disasters in recent years have raised concerns regarding the sustainability of economic activity. In this context, eco-innovation has become increasingly important. Nevertheless, countries are heterogeneous in terms of their eco-innovation production. Our study contributes to the understanding of the drivers of eco-innovation by analyzing the determinants of green patent production at the country level. We focus on the specific characteristics of green innovations, namely their complexity and appropriability problem, and explain how these characteristics affect firms’ incentives to produce green innovations. We then select three external dimensions related to these characteristics and examine how they affect the number of green patents produced. These three dimensions are economic complexity, protection of property rights, and effectiveness of the judicial system. Using the Furman et al. (2001) model as a starting point, this study focuses on green patent production in OECD countries for the period 2007–2016. The results show that economic complexity and intellectual property rights are key determinants of green patent production.

Conservation and Education in Spanish Geoparks: Exploratory Analysis of Land Stewardship Experiences and Valuation Proposal through Outdoor Education

Advances in research on environmental problems and public awareness of them have led to renewed concern about the need to establish mechanisms and figures to protect and manage sites so that geoecological processes remain outside the dynamics of anthropic occupation. This research has been approached from an inductive and qualitative perspective based on case studies to examine the articulation of the Spanish geoparks, their dynamics, and the experiences of private valorization in them. Geological heritage is seen as a lever for the promotion of the territory. In all cases, although the geological–geomorphological–paleontological–environmental resources must be significant, this designation aims to enhance the value of all assets, both natural and cultural, conceiving the geopark not as a figure of environmental protection but as a “figure to promote local development”. A total of 48 land stewardship initiatives were identified in 11 of the 15 Spanish geoparks. The most significant presence of initiatives was found in the geoparks of Catalonia, followed by the Lanzarote Geopark. No nature-based schools are located within geoparks, except for Wild Me in Central Catalonia. However, the presence of nature-based schools in biosphere reserves (BRs) seems to be more common. Framing alternative proposals, such as nature-based schools in these areas and using land stewardship in their operation, can become an opportunity to protect a region’s geological and cultural heritage and improve local communities’ quality of life through sustainable and responsible economic and tourism activities. Early-years education in the natural environment facilitates the acquisition of long-term pro-environmental skills, competencies, and behaviors that last into adulthood and act as multipliers for others.

A deeper dive into the blue economy: the role of the diving sector in conservation and sustainable development goals

Attaining an equitable Blue Economy requires reconsidering historical extractive usages of natural ocean capital in favor of more sustainable activities. Scuba diving is an expanding industry, and several examples illustrate how the diving sector has assisted with transitions to sustainable economic activities. In certain countries diving tourism generates revenues comparable with fishing industries, yet the sector remains underrepresented within marine conservation efforts. Therefore, we present five actions tailored to enhance the diving sector’s participation in the Blue Economy: i) Organize the fragmented sector via international associations and federations; ii) Recognize usage rights for natural capital equal to extractive activities; iii) Modernize the sector using technology to improve connectivity and data sharing; iv) Invest in the sector by engaging private and public funding and subsidizing critical infrastructure to enable equitable access; v) Foster a sense of community by training and supporting local leaders, thereby ensuring more equitable participation by including women, indigenous people, and the youth. Diving represents one of the only endeavors that enables citizens to actively support the Blue Economy and help to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14, “Life Below Water”; therefore, the diving sector is uniquely poised to help address conservation goals and sustainable development.

Waste Management Practices for Mushroom Cultivation in Malaysia

Mushroom cultivation can be considered one of the best presentations of sustainable and circular economy activities. The growth substrate used for mushroom cultivation consists of other agricultural waste and its post-harvested waste. The waste product, Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS), could also be used for animal feeding, plant fertilizer, and feedstock for biogas. It is then essential to determine whether the SMS produced is being used for other purposes to ensure that mushroom agriculture activity is a sustainable and circular economy activity. Therefore, this study explores the mushroom industry's waste management practices in the Malaysian context. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 89 mushroom farmers. The results found that 60.7% of them manage SMS eco-friendly while only 16.9% handle plastic waste eco-friendly. This finding indicates that not all mushroom cultivation in Malaysia can be considered a sustainable and circular economic activity. Therefore, strategies should be formulated to increase the sustainable approach to managing SMS, such as workshops or providing comprehensive infrastructure and networks.

Green technology, exports, and CO2 emissions in Malaysia

The pressing global effort to tackle CO2 emissions has brought about a strong emphasis on adopting green technology by economies striving for low-carbon development. Within this context, this research investigates the environmental significance of green technology and exports in Malaysia. By examining 30-year data from 1989 to 2019 and utilising the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL), this study explores these variables' long-run and short-run effects on Malaysia's environment. The outcomes reveal noteworthy insights: population growth and green technology negatively impact environmental degradation, whereas exports and economic expansion contribute to environmental depletion over the long term. However, the influences of a higher population and exports are inconsequential in the short term. Additionally, the study captures the influences of transient economic challenges, such as the COVID-19 outbreak. Consequently, the study emphasises crucial policy implications for the Malaysian government. Firstly, it strongly recommends increasing investment in sustainable technology, especially within the manufacturing sector, to mitigate the adverse environmental impact of exports. Furthermore, it suggests incentivizing companies to embrace green technology through subsidies for acquiring renewable energy and imposing higher taxes on non-renewable energy sources. Additionally, policymakers are urged to prioritise human capital development by raising public awareness about the dangers of heightened CO2 emissions. Malaysia can leverage its expertise to foster economic expansion without compromising the environment by engaging the working population in environmentally sustainable economic activities. These policy recommendations aim to expedite the shift towards a decarbonised economy, promote sustainable development, and safeguard Malaysia's natural resources.

Peran Mahasiswa MSIB Batch 4 dalam Corporate Social Responsibility Perusahaan Melalui Sembako Ramadhan Kepada Masyarakat di Sekitar PT Petrokimia Gresik

Based on the Katadata.com survey, basic prices ahead of Ramadhan in Indonesia tend to increase as of March 17 2023. Seeing these conditions, the purpose of this community service, PT Petrokimia Gresik and its Certified Independent Study Internship students (MSIB) get around a Ramadhan Sembako program as a form of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) company. This program involved 6 East Java "Veteran" UPN students and PT Petrokimia Gresik CSR department staff with a target of 8 sub-districts around PT Petrokimia Gresik. The results achieved with this program are the fulfillment of the basic needs of the community in order to achieve sustainable economic activity in an industrial area.

Creating A Green Economic Ecosystem Through Lean Canvas Model: BIPV System Achieving Net Zero Emission

Green Economy is a sustainable economic activity to be able to improve people's welfare without neglecting the impact that causes damage to the environment. This concept prioritizes economic activities with low carbon emissions. Currently, the largest carbon emissions are caused by power plants that still use non-renewable natural resources. One of the efforts made to reduce carbon emissions is to use a solar power plant, known as PV Solarcell. However, with new developments and discoveries for solar power plants, BIPV is perfected. BIPV is a solar power plant where the existing solar panels are attached to buildings or buildings. The aim of this research is to be able to create a new green economy business model for BIPV power plants by using lean canvas tools. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. This research starts from May to October 2022. The results of this study using the lean canvas concept can create an integrated and sustainable green economy business model ecosystem to be able to create new value.

HARMONIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING - TOOL FOR MANAGING ECONOMIC RECONFIGURATION

The market economy implies the permanent optimization of an accounting system that ensures: modern methods, policies, and strategies compatible with the requirements of the current economy oriented towards the support of long-term sustainable economic activities. The increase in business relations' complexity has determined a profound revolution in management and implicitly in accounting as the main source of information and assistance in the decision-making process. Also, the awareness of the effects of economic activity on the environment leads to the reconsideration of the financial accounting system, by integrating environmental aspects, thus environmental managerial accounting contributes to providing relevant solutions and reporting adequate information. In this sense, this research presents the importance of streamlining all stages of organizing environmental management accounting to identify relevant solutions for managing adequate information and all existing resources available to economic entities.

Assessment of geological diversity, geosites, and geotourism potencies at Menoreh Mountain for designation of geopark area

Menoreh Mountain area is an area with very high geological uniqueness. One of the statuses that is contextually determined is a geopark because it provides a framework for conservation, education, and sustainable local economic activities as its pillars that are relevant to the agenda of economic development. It is necessary to characterize the existing geotourism potential in Menoreh Mountain area. This research attempts to identify and develop this potential using spatial and regional complex approaches. Technically, the method used is the Modified Geosites Assessment Model (M-GAM) combined with Hot-Spot Analysis to obtain spatial and non-spatial geotourism potential clustering. Clustering is done using K-Means Cluster Analysis. The results show that the existing geosites, spatially formed a cluster and can be used to determine the theme of the tourism activity to strengthen the geopark pillars. The development of geopark is hindered by several constraints including the division of administration and the disparity of each administrative region's capability. In general, a strategy to tighten the stakeholder and optimize the research is required to initially strengthen the geopark's pilars. It is also important to build a linkage of the geodiversity with the biodiversity and cultural diversity to enhance the significance value of Menoreh Mountain.

Effect of Municipal Solid Waste Compost on Yield, Plant Growth and Nutrient Elements in Strawberry Cultivation

In terms of sustainable economic activities, environmental and production costs of plant nutrition material in agricultural production and wastes that harm the environment, humans and living beings are two important problems. This study, which combines these two problems into a common denominator, aimed to obtain plant nutrition input with low environmental and production costs by using the wastes generated during the domestic consumption process in strawberry cultivation. Municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) for plant nutrition input and an Albion strawberry variety as a trial plant were used as research materials. In the study, where the random block trial design method was used, the effects of MSWC on plant growth, fruit quality characteristics and plant nutrient parameters were investigated. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the examined parameters (number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit taste, macro and micronutrient content in plant leaves) were positively affected according to the rate of use of MSWC. In the parameters evaluated within the scope of the study, 4 tons of MSWC applications in fruit weight, stem number, root length, plant width, leaf area, K and Ca parameters; 1.2 tons of MSWC applications in the number of fruits per plant and TA parameters; all MSWC applications in fruit yield per plant, pH, plant height, N, Mn and Cu parameters; 2 tons of MSWC applications in the TSS parameter and 1, 2 and 4 tons of MSWC applications in P and number of leaves per plant parameters gave better results compared to the control. Research findings support the idea that the use of MSWC as a plant nutrition input will provide both the production of plant nutrition input with low environmental and production costs and the prevention of the harms of waste to the environment, humans and living creatures.