Sustainable Development In Brazil Research Articles

Modeling the influence of mineral rents and low‐carbon energy on environmental quality: New insights from a sustainability perspective

AbstractIn recent decades, the detrimental impacts of climate change have been increasingly felt worldwide. This is due to the extreme consumption of natural resources to fuel economic activity. Confronting a widening ecological deficit, humanity must urgently accelerate its journey toward sustainable development goals (SDGs). This demands active efforts to curb environmental pollution and protect natural resources, safeguarding the planet for future generations. Since Brazil has high biocapacity and ecological areas, the impact of energy resources on ecological sustainability policies cannot be excluded. Moreover, Brazil holds a vital position in the world for global foreign direct investment flows. In this regard, this paper considers the asymmetric impact of mineral rents and foreign direct investments when investigating Brazil's environmental sustainability. In addition, it evaluates elements like economic growth and low‐carbon energy consumption from 1970 to 2021. To this end, the research applies the Fourier nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model and draws three significant conclusions. First, resource extraction undermines environmental sustainability. Second, the inflow of foreign direct investment reduces the load capacity factor, implying that the pollution haven hypothesis holds for Brazil. Third, low‐carbon energy consumption contributes to environmental sustainability. Our findings highlight the critical role of regulating mineral resource rents in achieving SDGs in Brazil. Moreover, increasing investment in clean energy sources and transitioning toward low‐carbon energy can promote sustainable development in Brazil. The Brazilian government should abandon mineral extraction, focus on low‐carbon energy consumption, and prevent companies from destroying nature by introducing strict environmental regulations for foreign investment flows.

Examining the Impact of External Debt, Natural Resources, Foreign Direct Investment, and Economic Growth on Ecological Sustainability in Brazil

Although some recent papers have explored the impacts of external debt on environmental sustainability, the impacts of external debt on the load capacity factor (LCF) have been ignored. In this regard, this work aims to examine the influence of renewable energy, FDI, and external debt on the LCF in Brazil over the period 1970–2021; this indicator implies the country’s strength to promote the population based on current lifestyles. This paper uses the novel augmented autoregressive distributive lag (A-ARDL) technique. The findings from the A-ARDL show that renewable energy positively influenced ecological sustainability by promoting the LCF by 0.451% in the short run and 0.038% in the long run. In addition, the findings show that an increase in the rent of natural resources promotes the LCF. In contrast, the outcomes illustrate that an increase in the external debt led to an adverse impact on ecological sustainability by decreasing the level of LCF by 0.093% in the short run and 0.162% in the long run. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that FDI negatively affects the ecological sustainability quality by reducing the LCF in the country. The study provides beneficial recommendations to policymakers in Brazil for achieving sustainable development in Brazil.

The Institutional Dimension of Sustainable Development in Brazil

This article aims to review the ‘state of the art’ of the institutional dimension of sustainable development, focusing on the portrayal of this dimension through indicators in Brazil. The research employs a theoretical-argumentative methodology for exploratory analysis of sustainable development in Brazil, from an institutional perspective. The procedures of bibliographic research and document analysis are used in the discussion. As a result, it is confirmed that the institutional dimension of sustainable development reveals a generic framework of institutional efforts and capacities. This dimension is poorly portrayed by sustainability indicators, due to its complexity and difficulty in collecting primary data. Accordingly, the strengthening of governance is suggested as a solution for the improvement of the institutional framework in the country.

Between the Power of the "Satanic Mill of Production" and the "Counter-Movements" for Land Reform

Objective: The aim of the essay is to discuss the agrarian issue in Brazil, articulating it in the mainstream of sustainable development, as an opportunity to democratize access and use of land, and especially to inhibit chronic problems that generate opulence and deprivation of freedoms, such as those emphasized by the COVID-19 crisis. Theoretical framework: It is based on the perspectives of two renowned researchers, Navarro and Medeiros. While Navarro questions the options for agrarian reform in democratic contexts, emphasizing the business perspective, Medeiros highlights the evolution of the agrarian issue, addressing struggles for land and cultural identity. Method: This essay is characterized by its qualitative nature, according to the methodology of content analysis in the style of a theoretical essay, and is focused on the debate on agrarian reform, based on two renowned researchers: Navarro (2014) and Medeiros (2015). Result and conclusion: It is concluded that abuses of power to invade the lands of citizens who have rightfully earned that space are crimes, given that the discussion suggests that they should be resolved by Brazilian land reform, so the judgment is positive related to the total relevance of land reform. Originality/value: The originality of this essay lies in the critical analysis of the perspectives of Navarro and Medeiros, contextualized in the post-COVID-19 crisis. The innovative approach underscores agrarian reform as a relevant solution to urgent social issues, adding value to the academic debate on sustainable development in Brazil.

Rio de Janeiro’s ocean economy as a key vector for sustainable development in Brazil

The ocean economy is becoming more than ever a key to job creation, value addition, and sustainable development of countries and regions. Given the growth of the world population and the pressure on onshore resources, the demand for marine resource exploration and maritime activities is growing, leading to different policies around the world. In the case of Brazil, a country with an extensive coastline, there are still few public policies and official definitions/data capable of fostering the ocean economy. Hence, this paper aims to map the sectors of the ocean economy of the state of Rio de Janeiro (SRJ), highlighting its potential for recovery of the local economic dynamics. To this end, the methodology considers the economic sectors that present a direct influence from the sea, encompassing 89 economic activities that were divided into 6 sectors. The treatment, cleaning, graphics, and maps created from R 4.2.2 used the following packages: tidyverse, basedosdados, paletteer, ggthemes, systemfonts, ggtext, sf, geobr. 2021 is the base year for the data, which used two main official Brazilian bases: Annual Social Information Report (RAIS) and tax data from the Internal Revenue Service, compiled by Datalake Neoway. Among the main results, we highlight the relevance of the service sector, particularly those related to the oil and gas industry (P&G) and tourism.

A contribuição da universidade com o desenvolvimento sustentável no Brasil: análise da institucionalização do HIDS-Unicamp

Este artigo tem como objetivo dissertar sobre o Hub Internacional para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (HIDS), integrado à Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp/Brasil) e ao contexto regional do município de Campinas, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Em outras palavras, busca-se apresentar e analisar a experiência de formulação e implementação do HIDS, tendo em vista seu histórico de constituição, atores participantes, estruturação e sua visão relativa aos conceitos de sustentabilidade e de desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico. O HIDS diz respeito a uma parceria realizada entre 14 instituições, que correspondem a categorias jurídicas como empresas públicas, instituições de ensino superior, autarquias estaduais, organizações sociais, fundações de direito privado, instituições de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação, empresas multinacionais, entre outras. Além disso, possui como objetivo contribuir para o processo do desenvolvimento sustentável, considerando-se a produção de conhecimento e tecnologias por meio de cooperações nacionais e internacionais, de modo a mitigar e solucionar situações-problema da sociedade contemporânea. Metodologicamente, este artigo constitui-se a partir de revisões bibliográficas e acesso aos documentos e informações publicadas pelo site institucional da experiência pesquisada. Em razão do HIDS se constituir em um projeto ainda em fase de estruturação e implementação, o foco da análise está em apresentar a trajetória de formulação da iniciativa, seu contexto e processo de constituição, bem como seu alinhamento em relação às principais temáticas mobilizadas. Além disso, importa discutir quais modelos de experiências internacionais são citados em seu processo de constituição e de que forma tais experiências impactam o surgimento e estrutura atual do HIDS. Dessa maneira, este artigo visa contribuir para a reflexão em torno de iniciativas institucionais inovadoras, cuja missão principal esteja orientada para a promoção de tecnologias e empreendimentos transformadores, desenvolvimento urbano integrado e sustentabilidade.

Reflections and meanings built on Sustainable Development

The last twenty years, after the shift in the logic of Sustainable Development in Brazil, there has been a concern in the scientific community to understand the relationship of this context to the State and its power and duty to discipline the use and appropriation of the environment, with a focus on optimizing of economic development. However, the silence about the political power relations of government actions and the lack of debate about how decisions are made and for whom, raise doubts and reflections emerge on the paths of DS. The objective of this work was to reflect and discuss the epistemology associated with the historical path and the effects of this mode of social development, with environmental relations, which can promote responsive resources to new decision-making in favor of the community. Results showed gaps in the achievement of goals, as well as the disruption of the public machine in the construction and implementation of actions in favor of Sustainable Development.

CONTRIBUIÇÕES DAS PRÁTICAS DE LOGÍSTICA REVERSA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL

Solid waste has a significant negative impact on the environment, also harming social development. Factors such as industrialization, urban population growth, rural exodus, and economic growth are the main factors that generate large volumes of this waste. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the relationship between Reverse Logistics, Circular Economy and sustainable development in Brazil, taking into account the international commitments that the country has assumed with an ecologically balanced environment. Methodologically, the study was developed from a literature review using virtual libraries. The results obtained indicate that reverse logistics has a strong relationship with the Circular Economy regarding the restoration and circularity of materials, and both are associated with sustainable development. In addition, the Circular Economy suggests that reverse logistics be thought of beyond the company's supply chain, and should not be restricted to waste collection and recycling actions in order to preserve the value as well as the usefulness of the material for as long as possible. possible. For this reason, it is necessary to have a holistic approach to reverse logistics, considering that it is a possible driving force for the circularity of the four components of the circular supply chain and the processes of sustainable development, enabling the Circular Economy.

From isolated actions to systemic transformations: Exploring innovative initiatives on engineering education for sustainable development in Brazil

The engineering profession has been highlighted in the context of a growing need for professionals capable of addressing the pressing challenges of sustainability. The purpose of this study is to present innovative experiences in engineering education for sustainable development in Brazil. This research was conducted in three stages: first, innovative initiatives were mapped through document research, literature review, grey literature, and the press; second, 37 academics who created and/or participated in these initiatives were interviewed, including professors, program coordinators, department heads, engineering school directors, and university chancellors; and third, the initiatives were analyzed and discussed with a team of specialists. The initiatives can be categorized into two types: innovative actions, projects, and structures (i.e., isolated actions, institutional projects, and institutional structure) and engineering programs with innovative characteristics (i.e., innovative curricula and pedagogical approaches, and new organizational paradigms to support engineering schools). Key characteristics, conceptual foundations, examples, and contributions to the sustainable development goals are discussed for each type of initiative. Emerging topics related to engineering education for sustainable development were identified and related to real cases. A shift towards a sustainability paradigm in engineering education is dependent on university top management commitment and can be accelerated by integrating initiatives at multiple levels of the university system.

Do clean development mechanisms promote sustainable development in Brazil? a cross-sectoral investigation

PurposeThis paper intends to verify the extent to which Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects intend to contribute to sustainable development (SD) in Brazil, one of the top three leading countries in terms of the number of CDM projects. The authors assess the impact of CDMs not only in environmental aspects, but also social and economic ones.Design/methodology/approachThe authors define a set of qualitative sustainability indicators and scrutinize documents regarding a sample of almost half of all the projects registered in Brazil between 2004 and 2020 (219 projects).FindingsThe findings of this study contradict many previous studies finding very limited evidence of SD in CDMs in many different countries: most projects in Brazil intend to contribute to some extent with SD, with 91% and 75% claiming to improve social and economic aspects, respectively.Practical implicationsThe authors derive lessons from Brazil that can be used in other researches.Social implicationsThe authors derive lessons from Brazil and propose paths for public policy toward encouraging sustainable development.Originality/valueThe empirical data set relies on data collected directly from each of the projects in Brazil (roughly half of all of them) between 2004 and 2020. This is not only up to date, but pushes further the analytical scope of previous works.

Agenda 2030 in Brazil

The health crisis at COVID-19 resulted in damage to human life and inevitable economic consequences, requiring immediate responses from governments. In this context, this work carried out an analysis on the Federal Development Strategy of Brazil, 2020 – 2031 in light of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Exploratory methodology was used and descriptive research was used to analyze and interpret the facts, in order to develop concepts and ideas needed to formulate new approaches on the same topic. Thus, an examination was carried out on the actions of economic recovery, according to the Federal Decree, which listed five axes to increase the income and quality of life of the Brazilian population, aiming at sustained economic growth and job creation. This work was complemented with the exploration of the results presented in the V Light Report of Civil Society Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Brazil, which studied the fulfillment of the goals of Agenda 2030 in Brazil, by the Federal Government. The results achieved showed that the economic growth in the country, today and for the next few years, lacks a national articulation with clear guidelines and defined scopes, whose achievement of the goals established by the UN-SDGs will take place without stagnation and setbacks. The contribution of this study is the urgent need to look at the 2030 Agenda, to ensure social inclusion and sustainable development in Brazil.

Conservation units seen as drivers of sustainable development in Brazil and their correlations with the 2030 Agenda

Thinking about sustainable development is increasingly necessary for the continuity of all species in the biosphere. Over time, natural resources become scarcer, enabling conflicts and wars to be generated. Thus, this study aims to show the relevance of conservation units as territories that are necessary and supported by Law 9,985/2000 for the promotion of a sustainable culture in the country. But also, the aim was to prove the relationship of conservation units with the Sustainable Development Goals, proposed by the United Nations in 2015. For this study, the bibliographic and documentary research technique was used. At the end of the analysis, we can observe that the existence of conservation units and knowledge about them stimulates economic development linked to environmental care, facilitating the maintenance of social homeostasis and ecosystems. In addition to being directly linked to the SDGs and the concern for current and future generations.

Participatory Guarantee System and Social Capital for Sustainable Development in Brazil: The Case Study of OPAC Orgânicos Sul de Minas

In recent years there has been a growing international interest in alternative certification strategies for organic products. Specifically, participatory guarantee systems (PGS) have proved to be particularly suitable not only to simplify bureaucratic procedures for small organic producers and reduce the cost of certification, but also to generate empowerment, social inclusion and mutual support among farmers. The purpose of this paper is to study the elements of social capital (SC) found in a PGS through the use of social network indicators using the Organizaçao Participativa de Acreditaçao e Certificaçao “Orgânicos Sul de Minas” (OPAC-OSM) as a case study. The research was carried out in the southern part of Minas Gerais, one of the states of the Brazilian Federation, where organic production represents a viable alternative for small and medium-sized farmers. In particular, a survey was carried out to capture the opinions of managers (presidents or directors) about their participation in the OPAC-OSM, and about the level of interaction and degree of trust between members. Relational skills, which are the basis of structural SC, were analyzed both at the level of individual units and at the level of the general network of the OPAC-OSM. An in-degree centrality score assigned to OPAC-OSM members was obtained from each network. These scores have been correlated with variables of the database that were chosen due to their relevance in assessing the level of social capital. According to the results, the factors that most reinforced the proof of SC among the OPAC-OSM members were the level of information and the degree of trust and collaboration networks, with special emphasis on female participation. From the analysis carried out, it is possible to conclude that PGS are powerful tools in the strengthening of SC far beyond the aspect of quality assurance, which remains the main objective of the OPAC.

Energy transition and diversification: A pathway to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Brazil

This is a study of Brazil's sustainable development with respect to its environmental performance amidst its great emission and renewable energy potentials. Brazil has striking features of large renewable sector and at the same time identified as among the highest carbon emission countries in the likes of India and Russia. Following the position of Brazil in both emissions ranking and its potentials in curbing the emission through renewable source, we utilized Brazil data of 1970–2018 for a scientific research into the possibility of achieving sustainable development in Brazil. Instruments such as renewable policies (renewable energy consumption and fossil fuels), foreign direct investments (FDI) and income growth (GDP per capita, 2010) are utilized in this study. We adopt scientific methods like structural break test, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test and granger causality in this study. This will give a clear and holistic insight into the best strategy for achieving sustainable development in Brazil. Findings from both ARDL short run and long run established a U-shape environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) instead of the popular inverted U-shape EKC. A negative and significant relationships are found between renewable energy consumption, FDI and carbon emission (CO2), while a positive and significant association is established between fossil fuels and carbon emissions. This points that renewable energy and FDI are impacting positively on Brazil's environment quality while fossil fuels are impacting negatively on the environment. Findings from granger causality support the findings from ARDL by establishing both two ways and one way nexus among the energy policies (renewable and fossil fuels, FDI and income growth). The findings show that policies to curb carbon emission and achieve sustainable development should be framed around the energy policies (energy transmission to more clean energies).

Dados cientométricos no contexto “desenvolvimento sustentável no Brasil” nos últimos 10 anos

A preocupação com o desenvolvimento sustentável representa a possibilidade de garantir mudanças sociopolíticas que não comprometam os sistemas ecológicos e sociais que sustentam a vida. Neste contexto, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico e cientométrico em termos de desenvolvimento sustentável, ferramentas importantes para estudar e mensurar o progresso da ciência em análises quantitativas e qualitativas. A produtividade foi averiguada por meio das avaliações bibliométrica, utilizando bancos de dados de acesso a documentos da ciência, “Elsevier Scopus” entre o período: de 2009 a 2019, envolvendo as palavras-chave “Desenvolvimento Sustentável no Brasil”. A análise estatística foi expressa pelo programa GraphPad Prism 6. Em análise aos dados publicados no banco de dados da “SCOPUS”, foi possível observar que o primeiro trabalho publicado com o conceito “desenvolvimento sustentável no Brasil” foi em 1982, e ao longo os anos foi aumentando cada vez mais os estudos referente a este tema, tendo hoje 3.520 trabalhos registrados nesta plataforma. O Brasil se destaca com o maior número de trabalhos nestes últimos 10 anos, totalizando em torno de 1976 trabalhos, onde o ranking é liderado pela “USP- Universidade de São Paulo” uma Universidade consideravelmente importante no país, com atualmente 324. Dados como estes são promissores para averiguar como está a produtividade num respectivo assunto pelo país.

The water-energy-food nexus research in the Brazilian context: What are we missing?

The water-energy-food nexus has gained particular momentum in the fields of sustainable development and resource security in the last years. However, some scholars critically question the nexus by arguing that research is strongly shaped by western knowledge with a bias towards natural scientific, engineering and economic perspectives; whereas there is a lack of attention on local socio-political aspects and little contribution from social sciences. This paper provides a critical analysis of studies focused on the nexus in the Brazilian context or by Brazilian institutions. The main objectives are to assess whether research on the nexus in the Brazilian context shares common features with the international research; to identify the main nexus topics in this geographic context; and to examine if socio-economic challenges are considered, specifically regarding urbanization and poverty. Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis, the results show that Brazilian institutions lead research on the nexus in the Brazilian context, however the contribution from the social sciences remains marginal. Furthermore, quantitative methods are predominantly used over qualitative and hybrid methods. The research largely focuses on connections between water and energy in the hydropower and biofuels sectors, and it is based on discourses of efficiency, optimization, modelling and technological innovation. In addition, scholars have so far failed to address other important issues for sustainable development in Brazil and the Global South.

Research in Environmental Education and Sustainable Development: an overview of publications in Brazilian journals of Qualis A2

This article aims to present an overview of the research in Environmental Education and Sustainable Development in Brazil with four Qualis A2 journals as a locus. From the information obtained in the research locus was constructed a State of the Art and, later, the material obtained, an amount above forty-eight surveys, was analyzed in the light of Bardin. The analysis proceeded in the following categories: Year of publication; Institution of Higher Education; Empirical or Theoretical Work; Instrument of data collection; Area or discipline involved in the research; Objective of the Research; Achievement achieved with Environmental Education and/or Sustainable Development and Classification of work in EE and / or DS. The results obtained in the analysis indicate that the academic production for this subject has presented an increasing and that its discussions are based on multiple biases. We therefore point out the need to conduct studies, including to obtain more data, in order to better characterize the research carried out in the area of ​​Environmental Education.

A INTERFACE ESTADO – ECONOMIA E REGULAÇÃO JURÍDICA DO MERCADO: DESAFIOS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL NO BRASIL

O presente artigo versa sobre a interface Estado e Economia, tendo como objeto a Constituição Federal e o Direito Econômico. Investigar-se-ão as faces positiva e negativa dessa relação sistemática. O corte epistemológico desenha-se a partir da análise entre os valores constitucionais, como justiça, ética e humanismo e sua imbricação com o capitalismo enquanto elemento primordial ao progresso material. Justifica-se falar de axiologia constitucional e capitalismo, haja vista as profundas desigualdades sociais e regionais havidas no País, e também pelo fato de ambos serem essenciais à realização do ser humano e ao desenvolvimento sustentável brasileiro. A problemática que emerge é investigar se ocorre uma análise jurídica da economia ou se há submissão do direito à economia. Hipoteticamente, a implantação de um capitalismo humanista é fator de desenvolvimento. O marco teórico assenta-se em modernas teorias humanistas, com utilização do método dedutivo e exaustiva investigação bibliográfica.

The Contribution and Challenges of Family Agriculture in the Practice of Sustainable Development in Brazil

This dissertation examines the impacts of the agricultural production of foods in the environment considering that this production have to rise due to population increase causing in most cases intensive cultivation of monocultures, with excessive use of fertilizers, biodiversity losses, deforestation, groundwater contamination, etc... Mainly in Brazil that it has 60% of its territory consisting of natural vegetation is necessary to search for more sustainable production, therefore will be evaluated a family farming as a more sustainable form of production meeting present needs using a more sustainable form of production while provide less space for cultivation, diversity of plant species in the crop and the less use of industrial inputs such as pesticides. Brazil is now one of the countries that use pesticides the most in the world. At the same time, the present study will evaluate the diversity of Brazilian family agriculture, which includes families living in extreme poverty as producers inserted in the modern agribusiness, showing that the agricultural cooperatives are the way for these poorer producers to excel. The time period studied in this dissertation includes a visitation of family farmers who participate of agricultural cooperatives in the state of Ceara in Brazil. In particular, we have shown that despite the government's incentive to purchase products from family agriculture for the national school feeding program and the preference for producers selling organic products, this farmer does not have access to the final consumer to sell his production, in addition they do not have ample access to techniques of sustainable production. In this way, it is necessary to raise awareness among the population to buy products from family farmers, as well as greater government investment in free courses of sustainable production and technology that can be used by these small producers.

TRIBUTAÇÃO DO AGRONEGÓCIO (ITR, ICMS E FUNRURAL) E DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL

O artigo tem por objetivo examinar e questionar a influência dos tributos no desenvolvimento sustentável do Brasil, mais especificamente no que concerne à incidência de tributação sobre o agronegócio. A partir de metodologia de revisão bibliográfica e da análise de dados publicados, o texto inicia pela compreensão do desenvolvimento nacional como um dos objetivos fundamentais da República Federativa do Brasil, e da função do Direito Tributário na sua promoção. Em seguida, passa ao exame individual de três dos principais tributos incidentes no agronegócio, a saber, o Imposto sobre a Propriedade Territorial Rural – ITR, Imposto sobre a Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços de Transporte Interestadual e Intermunicipal e de Comunicação – ICMS e a Contribuição ao Fundo de Assistência ao Trabalhador Rural – Funrural. Ao final, conclui que o sistema tributário nacional, para estar adequado aos objetivos previstos no texto constitucional, deve promover o desenvolvimento, o que não tem ocorrido nos casos examinados.