The article investigates the essence of the concepts "competitiveness of an enterprise", "competitive ability", and "competitive sustainability". Based on the etymology of the concepts, it proves the incorrectness of using the term "competitiveness of an enterprise" in scientific circulation. By applying content analysis of scientific works, the existing approaches to interpreting an enterprise's competitive sustainability are generalized. The main features of competitive sustainability as an object of scientific analysis are studied, and it is established that it represents a characteristic that is dynamic over time and constant in relation to the object of determination. The author proposes a definition of an enterprise's competitive sustainability as an immanent, essential characteristic that determines its ability to effectively counteract destructive exogenous and endogenous influences, maintain/improve the enterprise's competitive position in the business environment in the long term. Competitive sustainability is the result of an internal ideology, philosophy, and practice of conscious, purposeful functioning and development of formed socio-economic systems in a dynamically changing, unpredictable world. The interrelation between competitive sustainability, competitiveness, and competitive ability is established. It is substantiated that competitiveness is an attribute of competitive sustainability. Competitiveness illustrates the presence of a competitive advantage (competitive advantages), i.e., the level of achieved success in the enterprise's activity, and has a static character. The basis and factor of competitive sustainability is ensuring competitiveness in the long and ultra-long term, and therefore, competitive sustainability is a dynamic phenomenon. Competitive sustainability implies prolonged retention of competitive advantages, while competitiveness refers to the potential ability to do so. Ensuring an enterprise's competitive sustainability is achieved by creating a set of favorable conditions. The practices of leading managers in ensuring it under conditions of uncertainty are analyzed.