Sustainable Marketing Strategies Research Articles

Sustainable Marketing Strategies and Their Role in Enhancing Marketing Effectiveness-An Exploratory Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Workers in the Mosul Dairy Factory

This research aims to demonstrate the contribution of sustainable marketing strategies in enhancing the marketing effectiveness in the Mosul Dairy Factory, as well as clarifying the correlation and impact relationships between the two variables. The research was conducted based on two main aspects, the first being documentary and descriptive represented by reviewing much literature to clarify the theoretical background of each of the marketing strategies. Sustainable and effective marketing is presented by writers and researchers in their scientific products. As for the second method, it is an exploratory and analytical method, through an exploratory study in the light of preparing a questionnaire form prepared for collecting data and information related to the research. The most important of which is the main question: Do sustainable marketing strategies contribute to enhancing marketing effectiveness, and to answer these questions, a hypothesis plan for the research was formulated through which the relationships and influences between the two variables of the research were formulated, which resulted in a set of main and sub-hypotheses that were tested using some statistical methods for the data collected. With the questionnaire, which was distributed to (39) individuals researched in the research organization, which was represented by the Dairy Factory laboratory, the research reached a set of conclusions, the most important The results of the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon test analysis showed that sustainable marketing strategies contribute to enhancing marketing effectiveness in light of the responses of the individuals surveyed, which confirms the importance of these strategies in enhancing the marketing effectiveness of the researched organization. And based on the conclusions reached by the research, both theoretical and field, proposals consistent with these conclusions were presented, in addition to proposals for future studies related to the two current research dimensions.

The impact of stakeholder market orientation on sustainability performance at tourism destinations

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to establish the relationship between stakeholder market orientation (StMO) and sustainability performance (SP) at tourism destinations (TDs).Design/methodology/approachUsing a quantitative survey, data was collected from 313 tourism business managers, who are the owners or managers of the tourism businesses at the TDs, and was analysed using the partial least square structural equation model.FindingsFindings indicate that environmental performance is the highest sustainability management practice adhered to at the TDs. Also, community and visitor orientations predicted SP most, with all its hypotheses supported.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focuses on the impact of StMO dimensions on SP within the TDs, thereby limiting generalisation to other sectors.Practical implicationsTourism marketing managers are given the knowledge that StMO strategy is a precondition for effective implementation and adoption of SP strategy.Social implicationsThe results have key social implications, in that a sustainability marketing strategy that will assist in the increase acceptance of sustainability programs within the tourism sector has been noted.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is believed to be the first empirical study to test the relationship between StMO dimensions and three SP dimensions. This study will improve the sustainability management of tourism resources in Ghana. It will further aid in meeting some of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

A Guest at Home: The Experience of Chinese Pilgrims on the Camino de Santiago

This study identifies the main dimensions and attributes that shape the experience of the Camino de Santiago for Chinese travelers as a tourism product. By exploring the similarities and differences between their experiences and that of Western pilgrims, it also reflects on the sustainable marketing strategies of the Camino among Chinese travelers. The research adopts a phenomenological approach and gathers data from 112 online travel journals posted by Chinese Camino pilgrims, and from in-depth interviews with twelve Chinese pilgrims. The results reveal that the Camino is experienced by Chinese pilgrims as a personal journey of well-being and growth, as well as a cross-cultural experience. Authenticity and harmony are observed to be the key elements that contribute to a satisfying and transformative experience for Chinese pilgrims, where they find a cultural-spiritual center close to their traditional values, yet distant from their everyday social practices. Both Chinese and Western pilgrims undergo similar external and internal journeys, although each group travels in its respective sociocultural framework. The study is based on Cohen’s (1979) five travel-mode theory and enriches the discussion from a cross-cultural point of view. The implications for the sustainable management of the Camino as a global cultural heritage route, and for effectively marketing it among Chinese tourists, are also discussed.

INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION TO BRAND AWARENESS AND BRAND IMAGE TOWARD PURCHASE INTENTION OF LOCAL FASHION PRODUCT

Many young Indonesian entrepreneurs have opened clothing brands to introduce local fashion products that are not inferior to other well-known brands. Business owners are still confused about how they can increase brand awareness and brand image through effective information dissemination methods. This really affects several things in the business they have, such as sales, followers on social media, consumers, etc. Therefore, this research aims to identify Integrated marketing communications methods can affect brand awareness and brand image toward the purchase intention of local fashion products by using smart PLS analysis. This time, the object of the questionnaire this time is using a local brand from Dama Kara. Six hypotheses are proposed based on the needs you want to analyse and a quantitative approach was adopted with 215 respondents. This study confirmed that one of the most influential factors on purchase intention towards local fashion products is sales promotion, in which people will purchase local fashion products if they get many promotions that are offered from the local fashion brand they want to buy. According to the data processing results, there are two aspects that influence brand image and brand awareness: advertising and sales promotion. Thus, this finding highlights the need to analyse many local fashion brands in Indonesia more deeply and more specifically so that they can find out the problems that occur in each local fashion brand in Indonesia and get perspectives from various consumers from various local fashion brands. These findings from this research will be used as a recommendation for the Look at Me brand to develop a sustainable marketing strategy for the more specific Indonesian target market with methods from integrated marketing communication.

Organizational communication and social marketing strategies targeting Spanish consumers of fashion. Sustainability as a form of happiness management

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand the perception and purchase intentions of Spanish consumers towards sustainable fashion and to see if this can guide the marketing strategy for sustainable fashion.Design/methodology/approachA mixed methodology has been designed to test the categories: knowledge, environmental concern, product-related features and social influence.FindingsThe results of this study suggest that some implications and advice on sustainability marketing strategy could help companies to develop sustainable fashion for Spanish consumers.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in the focus on sustainability to achieve happiness and satisfaction of people as a form of governance from a social point of view.

Intergenerational influence on sustainable consumer attitudes and behaviors: Roles of family communication and peer influence in environmental consumer socialization

Intergenerational research on sustainable consumption remains scarce, particularly in relation to which factors may affect the level of intergenerational similarity and the direction of intergenerational transmission. The present study addresses these gaps and adds to the growing body of literature in environmental consumer socialization by examining intergenerational influence on sustainable consumer attitudes and behaviors in a sample of 146 dyads comprised of mothers and college-age daughters. In the domain of intergenerational influence, we study two potential moderating factors suggested in past consumer research: communication effectiveness and peer conformity. Using the co-orientational model and nominal dyad method, we reveal the existence of intergenerational similarity in dyads' sustainable consumer attitudes and behaviors—after accounting for nominal effects— and show that stronger parent–child communication between mother–daughter pairs leads to greater intergenerational similarity, whereas stronger peer influence on daughters reduces intergenerational agreement. Our analysis further suggests the presence of reverse environmental socialization, in which intergenerational influence predominantly occurs from daughter to mother. Dyads' subjective knowledge regarding sustainable consumption provides empirical insights for this co-orientational model finding on reverse intergenerational transfer. Overall, outcomes of this study encourage marketing managers to leverage young-adult offspring in the process of communicating sustainable marketing strategies.

Investigating the Negative Effects of Emojis in Facebook Sponsored Ads for Establishing Sustainable Marketing in Social Media

Emojis are prevalent in modern social media advertising. Despite this fact, little research can be found on its effects on consumer purchase intentions. This study seeks to examine purchase intentions in the context of Sponsored Ads on Facebook News Feeds, their perceived intrusiveness, and how the added factor of emoji presence can further affect consumer perception in order to suggest a pathway for establishing sustainable marketing strategies. We investigated the effect of emojis on consumers and then the extent to which ad personalization can attenuate intrusiveness to the point of influencing purchase intentions. In the empirical investigations (an online study) conducted, the study revealed several interesting findings. First, the emoji presence in Sponsored Ads on the News Feed did not prompt the users’ perceived intrusiveness. Second, the emoji use led to decreased purchase intentions. Third, the perceived intrusiveness did not mediate the relationship between emoji presence (vs. absence) and purchase intentions. Lastly, the emoji presence decreased perceived intrusiveness and also increased purchase intentions when consumers perceived ads to be less personalized. The findings of this research provide both theoretical and managerial implications of the effects of emojis, and the reasons as to why their usage affects the desired ad goals when used in Sponsored Ads on Facebook from the perspective of sustainable marketing.

How Sustainable Marketing Strategies Apply Digital Economy Innovations in Cyber Marketing and Digital Communications for Colleges

Cyber marketing, digital communications, and social media practices for branding and marketing purposes have allowed colleges and universities to engage in sustainable/green marketing. For colleges, this means reducing advertising, marketing, and promotions costs in conjunction with lessening previous environmental impacts of printing, paper waste, mailing brochures, and college recruiter travel and transportation. Digital economy innovations in cyber marketing create channels for advertising and promotion without the carbon footprint issues of previous recruiting approaches. This paper uses a content analysis of the literature to explore how sustainable marketing approaches apply digital economy innovations in cyber marketing and digital communications for student global student marketing and recruiting. The goal is to gain actionable and applied knowledge about how sustainable marketing strategies apply digital economy innovations in cyber marketing and digital communication can influence the world of practice.

Planning and Marketing the City for Sustainability: The Madrid Nuevo Norte Project

Madrid Nuevo Norte (Madrid New North) is an urban redevelopment program applied in the city of Madrid in Spain. Regarding this, the aim of this paper is twofold: firstly, the project examines if the Nuevo Norte project is aligned with the principles of sustainability. Secondly, the paper investigates the impact of Nuevo Norte on the application of city marketing strategies in Madrid. For those purposes, questionnaires were distributed through the Internet to 122 urban developers and planners located in the Spanish capital. The results indicated that overall, Nuevo Norte contributes to the sustainable development of Madrid; however, concerns were identified regarding the budget and the timeline of the project. In addition, Madrid Nuevo Norte provides significant opportunities to local authorities to implement sustainable city marketing strategies, aiming to improve the competitiveness and the quality of life in the city of Madrid. To this end, it seems that city marketing, through the construction of mega projects, should contribute to sustainability, ensuring a better life for local residents and communities in general. The research is expected to assist local authorities in Spain to harness the potential of mega projects such as Nuevo Norte in designing city marketing strategies and to promote Madrid in an international context as a city that gives emphasis in urban sustainability.

Pelatihan Strategi Pemasaran di Era New Normal pada Kalangan Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Bumigora

The purpose of this training is to increase the knowledge of students during “new normal” era through training on sustainable marketing strategies. They are expected to survive and to produce product or service competitiveness that is able to compete in competitive competition. In addition, training is carried out to provide added value and increases various marketing mixed strategies which include 4P’s (Product, Place, Price, and Promotion). The method of implementing this service program is carried out by early identification of students who are related to the problems and obstacles faced by students. Therefore, both parties carry out the program in three steps which are preparation of materials, training or socialization, and recommendations.

Attracting Green Consumers as a Basis for Creating Sustainable Marketing Strategy on the Organic Market-Relevance for Sustainable Agriculture Business Development.

The aim of this paper was to analyze the main factors that affect green consumers’ choice regarding the purchase of organic agriculture products. The data collected through a survey of 559 green consumers were analyzed using explanatory factor analysis, the Relative Importance Index, and logistic regression. The results point out eleven main factors related to the offerings on the organic agriculture market that predominantly drive green consumers’ purchasing decisions. The Relative Importance Index identified health benefits that stem from a specific way of production as the main purchasing motive. This was also confirmed by the results of logistic regression, which showed that a respondent who buys organic agricultural products on a daily basis is approximately 71.5% less likely to disagree with the claim that organic products are healthier than non-organic, compared to a consumer who purchases organic products several times a week or month. However, as these benefits cannot be empirically confirmed, green consumers look for official labels on the product packaging. In order to assure the product quality, more than half of them find out very important information about producers: whether they have a product quality certificate (69.5%), how many years they are engaged in production (56.2%), and whether they have specific product packaging (54.9%). The Relative Importance Index also revealed that the main purchasing barriers that consumers face are scarce offerings and an insufficient development of the distribution channel, which were ranked in first and second place. The price as a barrier is of less importance. About 30.8% of the respondents are willing to pay up to 20% higher prices for organic food compared to conventional food, while 39.4% of them would pay even up to 40% higher prices. Based on the given results, there are clear suggestions for creating a sustainable marketing strategy for organic agriculture products as the main prerequisite for an increase of healthy food choices and fostering the future development of organic agriculture businesses at the local and global levels.

Green marketing and the SDGs: emerging market perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how consumers in emerging market respond to sustainable development goals initiatives by marketers and firms. The study seeks to identify how sustainable marketing strategies contribute to attaining the SDGs in Ghana, a developing and emerging country in sub-Saharan Africa.Design/methodology/approachA positivist methodological framework was used for the collection of data, analysis and theoretical development in this research. A total of 780 questionnaires were handed out. Out of this number, a total of 650 were returned. However, due to missing values, 622 valid responses were used for analysis. Of the valid responses, 306 (about 49.23%) were males while 316 were females, representing about 50.8%. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse data and investigate the relationship amongst advertising, packaging, pricing, green marketing strategies and purchasing behaviour.FindingsStudy findings provide insight into how marketing strategies affect consumer purchasing decisions and brand loyalty. Findings revealed positive relationship between green marketing and purchase behaviour. Empirical results from this study also confirm the mediating role of price on the relationship between green marketing strategies and purchase behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsWhile this study is limited to a single country Ghana, the findings can have far-reaching implications for many countries in the emerging markets sector. The study provides a vivid illustration of how environmental concerns can affect consumers' attitude towards products or services.Practical implicationsPolicy on environmental issues can be developed from this study. Marketers can be more effective at how to effect consumer behaviour using findings from this research.Social implicationsFirms employing green marketing strategies must be aware of the importance the youth places on sustainability and develop strategies that enhance social acceptance by the youth.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, sustainable and environmental issues have been researched on, but pricing and advertising have not been used as a mediating variable on purchasing behaviour in Ghana. Moreover investigation of green marketing strategies and purchase behaviour, advertising packaging and brand loyalty using structural equation modelling analysis within the Ghanaian public space is unique.

The Effect of Natural Celebrity–Brand Association and Para-Social Interaction in Advertising Endorsement for Sustainable Marketing

Celebrity endorsement has been regarded as an effective strategy for enterprises to implement sustainable marketing strategies. However, frequent use of celebrity ads renders consumers skeptical of the ads’ and celebrity’s profit-making intent, which may adversely affect the sustainable marketing of the brand. This has given rise to “natural celebrity-brand association” that features celebrities using the brand in real-life settings, which is usually presented on social media rather than mass media. Using a boot-strapping approach, the study contrasts the effects of natural and commercial endorsements (i.e., natural vs. advertising, natural vs. product placement) on consumer brand responses. Results showed that natural celebrity–brand association exerts superior effects. Further, the mediating variables, para-social interaction (PSI) and its drivers (celebrity attractiveness, consumers’ perceived homophily with the celebrity), which reflect consumer’s emotional connection with a celebrity, also exert significantly stronger effects in the natural (vs. commercial) endorsement context. This research provides insights for advertisers and marketers in exploring new patterns of brand presentation forms in advertisements and gaining competitive advantage in sustainable marketing.

Discovering the Role of Emotional and Rational Appeals and Hidden Heterogeneity of Consumers in Advertising Copies for Sustainable Marketing

Advertising copies have been considered as a fundamental strategy for firms to continue sustainable marketing strategies. In order to provide the advancement of previous research and practical implication to marketers in the field for sustainable marketing strategy, this research tried to reveal the role of emotional and rational appeals as well as hidden heterogeneity of consumers in the appeal–value–trust–satisfaction–WOM framework. By applying the PLS-SEM and PLS-POS approach to 230 valid questionnaire samples, we could discover the role of appeals in the framework as well as three types of unobserved heterogeneity among the respondents. Both emotional and rational appeals had significant influences on the value–satisfaction–trust–WOM context. In addition, for hidden consumer traits in advertising copies, we revealed three types of consumer groups: Type 1, the consumer group with a rational orientation (n = 68); Type 2, the group with an emotional orientation (n = 74) and Type 3, the group with a utilitarian orientation. This research provided contributions by offering some insight into ways to establish sustainable marketing strategies in advertisements and to address unobserved heterogeneity consumers in advertising copy appeals.

Estrategias de marketing sostenible para el posicionamiento turístico en destino de sol y playa parroquia Crucita Ecuador

Las estrategias de marketing sostenible son potentes herramientas que pueden ayudar a posicionar un producto de manera sostenible y mucho mejor si se trata de un producto turístico, en las últimas décadas el turismo se ha mostrado como un potencial de crecimiento económico en varios países. El objetivo de este estudio, es diseñar estrategias de marketing sostenible, para posicionar a la ciudad de Portoviejo parroquia Crucita, Ecuador; como destino turístico. Por ello se hizo necesario identificar la ventaja competitiva por medio de los productos turísticos que se ofertan en esta ciudad, habiendo la necesidad de utilizar la metodología: FODA, PEST, EFI EFE. Además de revisión sistemática exploratoria con un enfoque cualitativo, realización de la revisión bibliográfica sintetizada sobre las variables de estudio; la exposición teórica de las variables y esquematización de la información, la misma que se basó principalmente en el documento: modelo de gestión para la evaluación de la sostenibilidad y competitividad en el destino turístico sol y playa Crucita. Los resultados de la revisión sistémica permiten concluir que la parroquia antes mencionada es un potencial destino y atractivo turístico; finalmente se desarrolló una estrategia de marketing para el posicionamiento turístico en destino de sol y playa parroquia Crucita.

Assessing sustainability marketing from macromarketing perspective: a multistakeholder approach

PurposeThe paper examines three main stakeholders in the market and their roles toward achieving sustainability marketing. Those stakeholders are consumers, companies and policymakers. The current study is examining consumers’ attitudes toward sustainability marketing and their purchase intentions of sustainable products through the use of theory of planned behavior. The paper is also examining the role of companies and policymakers in encouraging consumers to consider sustainability in their purchasing decisions.Design/methodology/approachConcurrent research study is applied, where qualitative and quantitative research methods are conducted at the same time for different purposes with equal weights. Qualitative interviews were applied with fast-moving consumer goods companies and policymakers, while quantitative surveys were applied with Egyptian consumers.FindingsThe results showed that companies are taking serious and effective steps in transforming their marketing strategies into sustainable marketing ones. The government role is still limited as there are no strict laws and regulations that force companies and factories in Egypt to develop sustainability marketing strategies. Consumers’ attitudes were highly affected by firms' sustainable practices as well as subjective norms that led to influencing their intentions toward purchasing sustainable products.Originality/valueAlthough the topic of sustainability marketing is considered by a plenty of researchers in the academic discipline, there are no studies that have combined the main three stakeholders' roles in achieving sustainability marketing in one study. The study highlights the impact of government role and firms' role on consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions toward sustainable products, especially convenient products. This was done through the adoption of the theory of planned behavior.

The Influence of Xenocentrism on Purchase Intentions of the Consumer: The Mediating Role of Product Attitudes

Globally, xenocentrism has emerged as a significant concept to understand consumer behavior regarding local and foreign products. In this context and based on a sample of Colombian customers, this investigation aims to analyze both the direct and indirect effects of xenocentrism on the consumer purchase intentions of imported products through product attitudes and perceived product quality. Xenocentrism was measured using the XSCALE, and the research model was analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modeling. The result indicates that xenocentrism has a positive direct effect on purchase intentions, perceived product quality, and product attitudes. The analysis also shows that product attitudes will partially mediate the effect between xenocentrism and purchase intentions. In light of these findings, xenocentrism in Latin America arises as a solid construction to explain consumer behavior, mainly when individuals’ beliefs generate a positive appreciation of the purchase of imported products that compete in local markets. Moreover, these results permit designing sustainable marketing strategies that are more suited to the xenocentrism of Latin American consumers.

Why do millennials use Facebook? Enduring insights

PurposeThis study aims to address the following questions: What is enduring about consumer behavior on social media given that digital and social media (DSM) technologies change rapidly? Why do millennials use social media to the extent they do? The authors’ review revealed that a prevailing theoretical approach that may help answer these questions is inadequate. The technology acceptance model (TAM) from information systems was grafted into marketing to explain consumer technology adoption. TAM predicts Facebook adoption effectively, as demonstrated in the authors’ first study, but does not go beyond that in explaining the why’s behind its use. In a second study, the authors used the means-end approach (MEC) complementarily to unearth the why’s of millennials’ use of Facebook.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a mixed-methods design combining the structural modeling of TAM with the probing one-on-one interviews and laddering of MEC.FindingsThe authors found that the laddering process both widened and deepened TAM’s scope. It not only confirmed the importance of the TAM attributes, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, but it also revealed others, in determining adoption. It was also able to dig deeper from these to uncover a mesh of fundamental values that millennials used Facebook to satisfy, such as belongingness, pleasure, social acceptance and inner harmony, in their quest for inner and relational contentment. The authors also found negative aspects that kept consumers away, such as its lack of privacy and the overwhelming nature of unwanted video in its feed, tying these back to important values.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors build on prior exploratory work relating to DSM use and uncover psychological drivers of consumer behavior on social media, by blending TAM in a consumer context, and the MEC approach. The TAM-MEC framework used here offers a technology-independent template for other DSM research, by focusing on how and why consumers use media socially.Practical implicationsManagerially, the authors discuss the building of sustainable marketing strategy on enduring consumer values rather than on transient attributes or technologies. The authors also discuss potential areas of vulnerability for Facebook, such as its increasing use of video and live content, which creates negative consumer sentiment and which may drive consumers to competitors.Originality/valueBy blending the quantitative TAM and the qualitative MEC, something that has not been done before in marketing, this research provides trustworthy answers to the research questions. In so doing, this study also contributes some cohesion to the fragmented DSM research field, as called for recently in prominent journals, by anchoring DSM study in well-established theories in marketing.

Sustainable marketing strategy under globalization: a comparison between p-KIBS and t-KIBS sectors

The recognition of the relevance of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) is becoming especially acute in the European Union and even more important for many emerging economies. The objective of this paper is to explore what are the differences in marketing strategy to sustain the competitiveness of KIBS in the local and global markets in the last five years. In addition, this research compares what are the differences between the technology-based (t-KIBS) and professional-based (p-KIBS) business services. The empirical evidence is based on quantitative and firm-level data gathered through an email questionnaire which yielded 128 qualified responses from the small enterprises in Czech Republic. The analysis is based on descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests to compare the differences between the two groups of enterprises. The empirical evidence displays a diversity between t-KIBS and p-KIBS in usage of marketing policy such as pricing policy, brand or company presentation as well as the markets they operate on in the last five years. The research contributions of this study are twofold. First, the results have implications for managers involved in business development of service industry and second, results could be useful for government efforts to support the development (export) activities of KIBS as a heterogeneous category.

Predicting the Helpfulness of Online Restaurant Reviews Using Different Machine Learning Algorithms: A Case Study of Yelp

Helpful online reviews could be utilized to create sustainable marketing strategies in the restaurant industry, which contributes to national sustainable economic development. This study, the main aspects (including food/taste, experience, location, and value) from 294,034 reviews on Yelp.com were extracted empirically using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and positive and negative sentiment were assigned to each extracted aspect. Positive sentiments were associated with food/taste, while negative sentiments were associated with value. This study further proves a robust classification algorithm based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a Fuzzy Domain Ontology (FDO) algorithm outperforms other traditional classification algorithms such as Naïve Bayes (MB) and SVM ontology in predicting the helpfulness of online reviews. This study enriches the literature on managerial aspects of sustainability by analyzing a large amount of plain text data that customers generated. The results of this study could be used as sustainable marketing strategy for review website developers to design sophisticated, intelligence review systems by enabling customers to sort and filter helpful reviews based on their preferences. The extracted aspects and their assigned sentiment could also help restaurateurs better understand how to meet diverse customers’ needs and maintain sustainable competitive advantages.