Survival-of-the-fittest Research Articles

Impact of Covid-19 on education scenario and digital divide in India

The present paper is an attempt to explore the impact of Covid-19 on the education system and digital divided in India. The pandemic has not only derailed economy, but also has affected the education system of the world and particularly India. Since more than one and a half years, all the educational institutions have closed and those few, which are having better infrastructure facility for digitalization, are only able to survive to some extent. Various educational institutes, which are not able to cope with the time, are forced to close their institutes. This is survival of the fittest. This scenario of uncertainty is unprecedented over recent times. The present VUCA environment has inspired the present paper. To do so, secondary data were applied and the aim was to undertake a research project on digital divide in higher education system in this eastern part of country, i.e. Odisha.

The Power of Exercise to Influence Cardiovascular and Oncologic Outcomes-Survival of the Fittest.

The Power of Exercise to Influence Cardiovascular and Oncologic Outcomes-Survival of the Fittest.

What doesn’t kill her, will make her depressed

In this paper we study the long run effects of the 1959–61 Chinese Famine on mental health outcomes. We focus on cohorts that were born during the famine and examine their mental health as adults, when they are roughly 55 years of age. We find that early-life exposure to this famine leads to a large statistically significant negative impact on women’s mental health, while there is limited effect on men. This gender differential effect is observed because male fetuses experience a stronger natural selection as compared to female fetuses, which implies that in the longer run, surviving females may exhibit larger detrimental effects of early-life famine exposure. Thus, the observed effects are a composite of two well-established factors, the survival of the fittest and the Fetal Origins hypothesis.

The Influencing Factors of Bacterial Resistance Related to Livestock Farm: Sources and Mechanisms

Bacterial resistance is a complex scientific issue. To manage this issue, we need to deeply understand the influencing factors and mechanisms. Based on the background of livestock husbandry, this paper reviews the factors that affect the acquisition of bacterial resistance. Meanwhile, the resistance mechanism is also discussed. “Survival of the fittest” is the result of genetic plasticity of bacterial pathogens, which brings about specific response, such as producing adaptive mutation, gaining genetic material or changing gene expression. To a large extent, bacterial populations acquire resistance genes directly caused by the selective pressure of antibiotics. However, mobile resistance genes may be co-selected by other existing substances (such as heavy metals and biocides) without direct selection pressure from antibiotics. This is because the same mobile genetic elements as antibiotic resistance genes can be co-located by the resistance determinants of some of these compounds. Furthermore, environmental factors are a source of resistance gene acquisition. Here, we describe some of the key measures that should be taken to mitigate the risk of antibiotic resistance. We call on the relevant governments or organizations around the world to formulate and improve the monitoring policies of antibiotic resistance, strengthen the supervision, strengthen the international cooperation and exchange, and curb the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains.

Multidimensional Prognostic Index and Outcomes in Older Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Survival of the Fittest.

Selecting patients with a high chance of endured benefit from transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is becoming relevant with changing indications and increasing number of TAVI being performed. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of the multidimensional prognostic index (MPI) based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) on survival. The TAVI Care & Cure program is a prospective, observational registry of patients referred for TAVI at the Erasmus MC University Medical Center. Consecutive patients who underwent a complete CGA and TAVI were included. CGA components were used to calculate the MPI score. The impact of the MPI score on survival was evaluated using Cox regression. Furthermore, 376 patients were included, 143 (38.0%) patients belonged to the MPI-1 group and 233 (61.9%) patients to the MPI-2–3 group. After 3 years, 14.9% of the patients in the MPI-1 group and 30.5% of the patients in the MPI-2–3 group died (p = 0.001). Patients in MPI-1 had increased chances of overall survival in comparison with patients in MPI group 2–3 Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.57, (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.33–0.98)). In this study we found that the MPI tool could be useful to assess frailty and to predict which patient will have a higher chance of enduring benefit from a TAVI procedure.

Mental Status of Youth During Covid-19: A Sociological Analysis

Happiness is a key to success. Being happy is a state of mind in the true sense when a person is mentally present at a place and sounds happy from within. It is observed that a happy person can solve many difficult problems in a couple of minutes. So, it will not be wrong to say that happiness is positivity because when a person is happy he is loaded with an enormous amount of energy which keeps him motivated. Every person passes through different stages of development; infancy, childhood, adolescence, youth, adulthood, and old age in which each stage has its own sweet as well as sour memories, but over time from infancy to childhood and then to adolescence almost everyone changes and is loaded with responsibilities. With time everything changes are its people, place, situation, society, technology, science, environment and the emergence of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, has proved it to be right that people have to modify themselves with the changing situations. This COVID-19 has also proved Charles Darwin’s concept the right that says “survival of the fittest”, meaning a fit person will only survive and the unhealthy will be eliminated. COVID-19 being a pandemic disease have scattered everything be it people’s life (emotions, state of mind, jobs, education, economic state, relationships, family, etc.), the economic crisis has occurred in overall all states, railways/airlines services have stopped, for instance, one can feel the sudden full stop to almost all the present essential services.

Self‐adaptation and distributed knowledge‐based service ecosystem evolution

SummaryWeb services (or Web APIs) on the Internet tends to encounter various unexpected runtime failures because of their dynamicity and distribution. Self‐adaptation technologies for the service‐based business process can effectively repair runtime failures and improve its success rate. However, the same failures may occur on subsequent invocations because relevant processes do not evolve after failures. This makes the response time of the business processes too long. We proposed a self‐adaptation and distributed knowledge‐based evolution model (SDKEM) to guarantee business processes' stabilities, that is, low failure rates and stable response time. SDKEM adopts a service knowledge base (SKB) to organize services from a provider and uses bridge rules to eliminate semantic conflicts among multiple distributed SKBs. It can automatically trigger the evolution of a service ecosystem through the designed self‐adaptation mechanism. We adopt the “survival of the fittest” principle for crucial elements in the ecosystem during evolution so that ultimately, service‐based processes and services with high stability remain. Experiments show that, with the developed evolution mechanism, runtime failures of business processes significantly reduce. In most cases, their response time and success rates are comparable to those under the running situation where no runtime failure occurs, meaning the runtime failures within a service‐based process are automatically repaired.

Survival of the fittest: Assessing incidents of building collapse and reduction practices in Lagos, Nigeria

Survival of the fittest: Assessing incidents of building collapse and reduction practices in Lagos, Nigeria

DARWINISME SOSIAL DAN KEAMANAN INTERNASIONAL: SEBUAH ANALISIS RINGKAS

The development of socio-biology science brings changes to the security of humansocial life. The biological theory about evolution made discussion that was identified as Social Darwinism. This thought was based on assumptions that human life through natural selection and always in conflict by competition to fight for life, keep the existence, and also survival of the fittest. Social Darwinism in its history produced ideology like Fascism and has made tragedies in the eras of World Wars I and II. As a thought, Social Darwinism still continues today.The competition between countries in the new Millennium era, both in the arms race and economic competition, are reflection of Darwinist thougt.

Survival of the fittest: Prokaryotic communities within a SWRO desalination plant

Water scarcity is known to affect 40% of the global population. By 2030, it is estimated that 700 million people will potentially become displaced due to drought. Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination is recognised as one of the most cost effective and efficient methods to produce freshwater. However, biofouling of the SWRO membranes is detrimental to the efficacy of the desalination plants. In this study, the bacterial community composition within the pre-treatment system at Penneshaw SWRO desalination plant (Kangaroo Island, Australia) and the biological fouling parameters on the SWRO membranes were characterised. Membrane autopsies were undertaken on stages 1 and 2 positioned membranes that were operational for two and four years. Results showed that the pre-treatment system allowed for the removal of microorganisms from the water, however niche communities were able to establish and proliferate within the plant due to environmental adaption. The communities associated with the SWRO membranes were stable and had the ability to flourish on the membranes within biofilms. This study provides insights into the community structure within the pre-treatment system of the desalination plant, as well as on the SWRO membranes and examines how they impact on the performance of the plant.

Self-Medication in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survival of the Fittest.

After the World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic, intense efforts to combat the novel coronavirus were undertaken, with many fatalities in most regions of the world. The high fatality rate and socioeconomic collapse affected the health of uninfected individuals because healthcare measures and scheduled clinical and hospital visits were avoided by people in an attempt to reduce their exposure to the contagion. The general population began self-medication practices as means to safeguard against exposure to the virus. The present study investigated the effectiveness of self-medication compliance among the general population. For this purpose, a questionnaire on the Zenodo scale was developed and adults and teen respondents were asked to complete it, after providing consent. The data gathered were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26. The study amazingly found high compliance with self-medication among the focused population during the period of COVID-19. Estimated results showed a highly significant correlation of 0.000, P < 0.05, between the adaptation of self-medication and pandemic situation, which was estimated from chi-squared and Fisher test results. However, the fear of coronavirus made the practice, or malpractice, a survival of the fittest, innate ability of human nature.

Timberlake Wertenbaker’s After Darwin: Identity and Ethics in the Interplay of Theatre and Science

After the success of Michael Frayne’s Copenhagen in 1998, a surge of interest was ignited among playwrights in writing about science by merging form and content to convey scientific ideas in a theatrical way. One of the best examples of the use of this interdependence of formal and thematic properties to theatrically communicate science is Timberlake Wertenbaker’s After Darwin. Wertenbaker introduces different aspects of the theory of evolution such as mutation, natural selection, extinction, and the survival of the fittest into the structure of the play to reveal the impact of Darwinism on the construction of identity and ethical imperatives in modern world. This study shows how these aspects of Darwinism are built into the structure of After Darwin, with reference to Wertenbaker’s treatment of identify and ethics. Prior studies have discussed ethics, identity, and evolution as separate entities. This study examines them as a single, integrated whole to reveal their interconnectedness and their significance in the theatrical and structural conveyance of science in After Darwin.

"The Descent of Man," 150 years on.

In 1871, Charles Darwin tackled “the highest and most interesting problem for the naturalist…the descent of man.” Challenging the status quo, Darwin deployed natural and sexual selection, and his recently adopted “survival of the fittest,” producing scenarios for the emergence of humankind. He explored evolutionary histories, anatomy, mental abilities, cultural capacities, race, and sex differences. Some conclusions were innovative and insightful. His recognition that differences between humans and other animals were of degree, not of kind, was trailblazing. His focus on cooperation, social learning, and cumulative culture remains core to human evolutionary studies. However, some of Darwin's other assertions were dismally, and dangerously, wrong. “Descent” is a text from which to learn, but not to venerate.

Evaluation of arable land suitability based on the suitability function - A case study of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Arable land suitability evaluation (ALSE) is one of the tools to ensure sustainable agricultural production and achieve the global food security goal. Determining the relationship between the suitability score of arable land (AL) and the corresponding influencing factors (e.g. precipitation and temperature) is the key step to ALSE. However, the traditional method gets discontinuous suitability scores by classification based on expert knowledge, which contains considerable subjective uncertainty. This study proposes a proportion-based method, aiming to construct the suitability function based on the rule of “survival of the fittest”, thus the suitability score can be expressed in continuous curves with less uncertainty. ALSE can be concluded in three steps. First, the evaluation objects, i.e., current arable land (CAL) and potential arable land (PAL), and influencing factors are determined by environmental constraints and screening principles respectively. Second, the suitability functions of the influencing factors are constructed by counting the proportion of CAL to AL. Third, the suitability order and class for AL are divided respectively by influencing factors and Jenks classification. The results show that: (1) The development of CAL basically adapts to local natural conditions in China's Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Suitable CAL is mainly distributed in the river valleys, where the elevation is low. Unsuitable CAL is mainly distributed in the Hengduan Mountains, where the slope is steep and the gravel content is high. (2) The area of suitable PAL is 5.3 times of suitable CAL, with grassland accounting for 95.2% and bare land accounting for 4.8%, meaning that there is great potential to exploit PAL. The proposed suitability function is easy to generalize and use, and ALSE in QTP can provide support for land use planning.

Perceptions оf “Vital Space” in the Worldview of Union and Progress Committee and the Armenian Genocide

Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1904), a prominent thinker of political geography, put forward an idea of vital space (Lebensraum) by an analogy between a plant and a state. Developing this idea in the 1890s Ratzel defi ned the vital space as a precondition for a given state to provide proper living conditions for its population, without which the existence, development and further expansion of the state would be impossible. Although Ratzel’s theory was predominantly attributed to the Nazi regime and German quest for land in the East, the theory of Lebensraum could be localized on the Ottoman Empire and the policy of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP). Juxtaposing the teachings of Ratzel with the ideological propaganda of the CUP as a ruling party from 1908-1918 and the practical steps taken towards the Turkifi cation of the country, the article argues that the Committee’s political vision was more than just a creation of a Turkish nation-state. The formation and development of the perception of the Asia Minor peninsula and the western part of the Armenian Highlands as a Turkish vital space and the practical steps taken towards the maintenance of this land led to the deliberate destruction of the native Christian populations. The article will present the theoretical framework of Lebensraum, the development of the idea of “homeland” among the Turkish intellectual elite, the geopolitical and historical context in which “Anatolia” was chosen as a Turkish vital space. Interwoven with Herbert Spencer’s doctrine of social Darwinism, and its main concepts “struggle for survival” and the “survival of the fi ttest,” Ratzel’s Lebensraum became more comprehensible to political circles, including high-ranking offi cials of the Committee of Union and Progress. The paper discusses the preconditions for the selection of an area, methods of its conquest and maintenance. While the physical cleansing of the vital space from the “opponent” or “alien” population is one of the methods for maintenance of Lebensraum. Taking the Armenian Genocide as a clear example of this method, the article discusses only the economic and cultural inner expansions. The article concludes that the Armenian Genocide was a set of state-planned deliberate measures by the Ottoman government aimed at the physical destruction and full eradication of the Armenians from the Turkish living space and the social and cultural system of the country.

Preparation of surface modified CsPbBr3@CsPb2Br5 nanocrystals with high stability by a pseudo-peritectic method

Lead halide perovskite CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted great interest in recent years owing to their excellent properties such as strong light absorption, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), good wavelength tunability, and narrow FWHM. However, their instability is still a bottleneck for their potential application. In this work, a pseudo-peritectic method, which is a peritectic reaction in solutions, was proposed. The phenomenon of “Survival of the fittest” was observed. The synthesized CsPb2Br5 phase greatly reduces the surface defects, and improves the stability and PL properties. The pseudo-peritectic method using for preparing surface modified CsPbBr3@CsPb2Br5 nanocrystals is a significant pathway to achieve long-term stable lead halide perovskite for optoelectronic devices.

The ecological approach to biologic drugs: survival of the fittest.

The ecological approach to biologic drugs: survival of the fittest.

SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST: A NATURAL EXPERIMENT FROM CRYPTO EXCHANGES

This paper explores the applicability of universal cryptocurrency exchange by analyzing crypto exchanges of Binance, Latoken, Kucoin and Qash, which also have their own cryptocurrencies in the crypto market. Results of the recursive Johansen cointegration test proved that even though all of the cryptocurrencies have cointegration among each other, Binance positively disassociated itself from the others after it moved to Malta on 23 March 2018. Based on the daily prices of cryptocurrencies over the period from 6 November 2017 to 10 November 2019, taken from coinmarketcap, we conclude that Binance can be considered as a survival of the fittest among all of the crypto exchanges in this natural experiment.

AN INDIVIDUAL LEVEL ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL IN COMBATING OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN JAIPUR

In India, a major part of the population does not have access to modern kind of teaching services. The main reason for this financial exclusion in India is the lack of regular or substantial income, excessive documentation for loans &amp; opening of accounts, lack of proximity of the financial institutions, high transportation cost &amp; loss of daily wage. Every person has a working life time period of about 35 years, normally between 25 to 65 years of age. In Indian Scenario of competitive market, over population and scarcity of good jobs, run on the theory of ‘Survival of the Fittest’, No profession is stress free. This has highlighted the fact that how much costs is associated with stress in the workplace and claims for psychological injury are spiraling. As a result, stress and workplace health have become major issues of great concern over the last decade, both internationally and nationally. &#x0D; The purpose of this study was to synthesize the vast array of literature that exists on the topic of work stress and draw some relevant conclusions regarding to it. The review also aimed to identify areas where further research was necessary and the methodological flaws in existing research that needed to be addressed in this research. To fully understand the phenomenon of work

A hypothesis for survival on the planet earth in present: Fittest and most aware ones

The hypothesis of “Survival of the fittest”, which was linked with Darwin’s natural selection has been in existence for several decades and had been challenged by various scholars from different schools of thought. Although it was accepted too at a particular time in evolution, as it lacks some basis for as long as today’s world is concerned. If technologies, economies, environmental problems and diseases are evolving and transforming, so do we have sufficient knowledge that who will be fit to survive in such a situation? Nobody has ever thought that the whole world will stop one at a particular time or day, but you could witness the helplessness of humankind within this year 2019 - 2020 as a result of COVID-19. Several questions have been raised in order to know that who is responsible for this and what should be done? How to tackle with the situation and many other problems are yet to address including climate change which is of utmost importance in present scenario As a result of these and many other reasons, it is important to reevaluate the hypothesis of survival of the fittest to be fit in our present world. Incorporating awareness in the hypothesis may bring about several aspects which seem to be excluded in the previous hypothesis. Awareness may include but not limited to one’s own life style (i.e. consciousness of the impact of their actions or activities on the environment), access to information, knowledge of current world trends and happenings and their timing. Here we represent an improved hypothesis of “Survival of the Fittest and tried to explore current aspects that suits in ongoing conditions.