Survey Of Accidents Research Articles

Epidemiological survey of accidents with venomous animals treated at the Regional Hospital of Bom Jesus, Piauí, Northeast Brazil

Aim: Venomous animals are responsible for 26.8% of all poisonings occurring in people registered in Brazil, reflecting serious economic, medical, and social public health issues in tropical countries. The objective of this work was to characterize the cases notified of accidents involving venomous animals in humans in a Public Regional Hospital located in Piauí state, Northeast Brazil. Methods: We analyzed the notification forms registered at the National Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), provided by the Hospital Regional Manoel de Souza from July 2009 to December 2017. The data were organized in spreadsheets and were exported to SPSS v. 24 for statistical analysis. A linear regression analysis was performed, and variables were considered significant when the estimated regression model presented P ≤ 0.05. Results: From 2009 to 2017, 833 cases of accidents caused by venomous animals treated were reported on SINAN. Accidents caused by scorpions were the most frequent, accounting for 69.7% (n = 269) of cases, followed by snakes at 17.6% (n = 68) and insects at 12.7% (n = 49). The people most affected by venomous animals were men (53.9%; n = 208) between the ages of 20 and 39 (42.5%; n = 164). The most frequent bite site was on the extremities, with the feet being the most affected region at 39.3% (n = 235), followed by the hands at 25.8% (n = 154) and the legs at 8% (n = 48). The study showed that despite the Regional Hospital covering 18 cities, the municipality of Bom Jesus had the highest incidence of accidents caused by venomous animals, mainly scorpions. Therefore, this investigation is a starting point for understanding the spatial distribution of these accidents. The data show that there are still flaws in the SINAN information flow. In the serotherapy variable, for example, 51.1% of cases were not completed. Conclusion: It is necessary to provide guidance and carry out educational work in order to improve official data records, so that they can be incorporated into the care routine.

Accidental Survey of Different Intersection of Junagadh City

Abstract: Intersections are known to be high-risk areas for traffic accidents due to the convergence of different streams of traffic. By conducting an accidental survey, identify patterns and common causes of accidents. This study attempts investigation and analysis to prevent accidents at intersection which have high number of accidents. To get an insight into the trend of road accidents we collect last 3 years of accident data of different intersection of Junagadh city from District Traffic Office of Junagadh by taking permission from SP office Junagadh. And selected intersection is “Majevadi gate” Because in last 3 years, maximum number of accidents have occurred at this intersection. To reduce accidents at this intersection, we design a rotary intersection at the Intersection.

Differences in sports activity participation and sports safety awareness based on the severity of an injury experienced among Korean men

This study aimed to identify differences in sports participation and sports safety awareness based on the severity of an injury experienced among Korean men. To achieve this, the data of 1484 men were extracted from the 2019 Sports Safety Accident Survey conducted by the Korea Sports Safety Foundation. We used data on the characteristics of the study population, variables related to sports participation (exercise frequency, duration, the use of dedicated sports facilities and the duration of injury treatment), and variables related to sports safety awareness (the awareness of sports safety rules, perceived importance of sports safety, completion of injury prevention training, and purchase of insurance with injury coverage). The collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (post-hoc test). The results showed that no differences existed in exercise frequency and duration depending on the severity of the injury experienced (p > 0.05), but there were differences in the use of dedicated sports facilities (p = 0.010) and the duration of injury treatment (p < 0.001). The results also showed that there were differences in the awareness of sports safety rules (p = 0.004), perceived importance of sports safety (p < 0.001), completion of injury prevention training (p < 0.001), and purchase of insurance with injury coverage (p < 0.001). Overall, the results showed that the severity of the injury experienced affects sports safety awareness among men who have experienced injuries. There is a need to provide education on sports safety and implement programs on sports injuries and sports safety to increase awareness of sports safety, especially among men who have not experienced a sports injury.

Research on the Testing and Evaluation of Active Safety System for Turning Cars in Two wheeler Traffic Scenarios

China In-depth Traffic Accident Survey (CIDAS) shows that two wheeler has the highest accident fatality rate, more than 38%, which is far more than cars and pedestrians. In this paper, the characteristics of traffic accidents in China, the types of two wheeler, and traffic characteristics of two wheeler are taken into account. There are typical hazardous scenarios in the case of crossing, longitudinal, turning, mixed, etc. In the existing collision scenarios design of cars and two wheeler, the testing methods of crossing and longitudinal have been basically mature. Therefore, combining with the functional testing of the current automobile active safety system, to recurrent the traffic scenarios of two wheeler objectively, the active safety test and evaluation scenarios of turning cars under the two wheeler traffic scenarios are designed. Test paths, test speeds, and impact position are proposed. it complements the test scenarios for active safety function.

Mediating Effect of Sports Safety Awareness between Sports Activity Habits and the Intention to Complete Safety Education among Korean Adolescents

Background: As the importance of safety during sports activities continues to gain emphasis socially, the interest in creating a culture of safety and safety education to support this is also increasing. However, no study has examined the willingness of adolescents to complete safety education voluntarily. To identify methods of building a culture of sports safety among adolescents, this study investigated the structural relationship among three related variables: sports activity habits, intention to complete safety education, and sports safety awareness of Korean adolescents. Methods: Data on 3928 adolescents aged 13–18 years old from the 2019 Sports Safety Accident Survey conducted by the Korea Sports Safety Foundation were analyzed. This encompassed frequency analysis, scale reliability, validity verification, descriptive statistics analysis, path analysis, and mediating effect verification. Results: The results indicated that sports activity habits among these adolescents had a positive effect on their sports safety awareness and on their intention to complete safety education; further, their sports safety awareness had a positive effect on their intention to complete safety education. The results also showed that sports safety awareness had a partial mediating effect between sports activity habits and intention to complete safety education. The willingness of adolescents to voluntarily complete safety education is particularly important, as adolescence is a critical period when lifelong safety habits can be formed. Conclusions: Based on the results, discussions on creating safe sports activity habits for adolescents and continuous education on sports safety awareness are needed. Ultimately, we need to improve sports safety awareness by paying attention to the development and implementation of sports safety education programs for adolescents as a national policy and, through this, increase their willingness to complete safety education.

A survey of fire accidents during the process of highway tunnel operation in China from 2010 to 2021: Characteristics and countermeasures

China has the largest number of highway tunnels in the world and the most rapid development in this scope. Along with the advancement of highway tunnels, fire incidents continue increasing, causing significant damages to life and property safety. The knowledge of characteristics of highway tunnel fire accidents is essential for the fire authorities to update their safety policies on tunnels and also useful for the scholars to carry out basic and applicable researches. Previous studies have been performed on fire accident statistics in highway tunnels before 2016. The dataset after 2016 are unknown. To solve this problem, the present study examined total 256 fire incidents in Chinese highway tunnels during 2010–2021 based on police-reported database. The results showed that the fire number in 2017–2021 is almost three times that in 2010–2016. The fires occur more in spring and summer. The majority of fires occur in the long and extra-long tunnels (80%), in the one-way tunnels (90%), in the curved tunnels (70%), in the interior zone of tunnels (67.2%) and in the low altitude areas (60%). The top two burning vehicle types are heavy goods vehicles (HGVs, 38.1%) and passenger cars (37.2%). A total of 81.2% of fatalities in highway tunnel fires are associated with HGVs. The head of vehicle (41.8%), tire (25.3%) and goods (15.3%) are the top three causes of fire. Despite the fact that 92.7% of cases are single fire category while spread fire category only accounts for 7.3%, the spread fire has a more than 7 times higher casualty rate than the single fire. Based on the results, some useful fire safety measures for highway tunnels are proposed. It is hoped that this work could provide some data supports and references for tunnel fire safety and relative policy-making.

Fire risks in electrical installations: the review

In India, fire poses a significant risk to a variety of industries. Media outlets across the nation report on fires virtually every day. Not only these fires result in the loss of numerous lives and injury to a large number of people, but they also caused extensive property damage. During the past two decades, India's construction industry has flourished, notably for highrise structures. As a result of their special character, fires in residential structures, particularly high-rise buildings, become more complicated and salvaging activities more difficult, sometimes resulting in a large number of fatalities and substantial property losses. The scenario has become more complex due to the fast modernization of Indian industry. A fire is a mishap may at times result in loss of life and property. We have strong regulatory measures, standards, good material specifications and national building construction codes. However, we are facing fire accidents on regular basis. After the investigation fire authorities are concluded that 80% of fire accidents happened due to electric short-circuits. Fire safety norms mandated by National Building code (Ref Indian National Building code 2016 part 4) is not given any significance of fire loads related to electrical installation and its components. More over National building code given lesser importance to the quality aspects of materials and components which can play a significance role of origination of fire accidents. The National building code considering only fire load related to cable and insulation failures. During my recent survey and analysis of few fire accidents pointing out that the failure in the electrical components and equipment’s are related to the appliances are the major cause of fire. This review intends to understand the gap in the existing system and extend to further studies to find out a proper solution.

Analysis of influencing factors and anti-pinch measures for door pinch accidents in conventional public transportation

A safe and convenient bus service is important for improving the bus mode share. However, during the morning and evening peak travel periods, hurrying passengers may get caught in closing doors when they squeeze into a bus. We conducted a survey of bus door pinch accidents that occurred in Harbin, China for the past five years to investigate the factors contributing to such accidents. A total of 1465 samples were collected to explore the effects of passenger age, gender, and other factors on pinching accidents. The results of the logit regression analysis revealed that all six influencing factors significantly affect the occurrence of door pinch accidents. Juveniles, females, and slow-moving people are more susceptible to pinch accidents. Additionally, situations such as door congestion, rushing to get on or off the bus, and inappropriately located cameras increase the likelihood of such accidents. To further investigate the effects of variables on different scenarios, the accidents were classified into four categories based on their occurrence process and object and analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The results show that juveniles and females are more likely to be involved in accidents in which objects are pinched, slow-moving people are more prone to be pinched while boarding and rushing to get on or off the bus, and congestion at the doors increases the probability of all four types of pinch accidents. Therefore, we recommend modifying the door position, eliminating the front door seat, and adjusting the handrail distribution to alleviate door congestion. Moreover, the door-closing warning sound must be amplified to remind passengers that the door is about to close, potentially reducing the number of pinching accidents caused by rushing to get on or off the bus.

수상레저스포츠 참여자의 스포츠 상해 빈도 결정요인

The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of sports injuries caused by participating in water leisure sports, focusing on the preventive aspect. To achieve the purpose of this study, a decision tree analysis was conducted using the data of 2019 Sports Safety Accident Survey data provided from Korea Sports Safety Foundation's. As a result of the analysis, injury time, sports skill level, injury experience(severity), pre-injury condition, sports participation time, average sleeping time, intention to spend protective equipment, recognition of prevention methods, weather check, injury season were derived as a determinant of sports injury caused by participation in water leisure sports. The implications of this result are as follows. First, in order to reduce the frequency of injuries of participants in water leisure sports, it is necessary to increase participants' safety awareness and induce safety practice behavior. Second, the occurrence of injury to participants in water leisure sports is related to the level of proficiency and immersion of the participants.

The trade-off between the risk of disclosure and data utility in SDC: A case of data from a survey of accidents at work1

One of the key problems associated with Statistical Disclosure Control is ensuring an optimal trade-off between minimizing the risk of unit identification and maximizing the utility of data to be disseminated (which means minimizing information loss due to the application of SDC methods). In practice, it is usually achieved by defining how much risk can be accepted for any given unit, and then doing the best to modify the data set so that the risk is below the preset threshold while maximising the utility. Moreover, variables from statistical surveys vary not only in terms of their measurement scale but also as regards the role they play in the SDC process. All these aspects should therefore be taken into account when one tries to find this trade-off. In the paper we present a way of assessing whether an optimal trade-off has been achieved. Two main aspects of measuring the risk of disclosure are discussed. The first one is internal risk, i.e. the risk of disclosing confidential information only on the basis on disseminated microdata after the application of SDC (i.e. no attempt of combining data with external information is made); the second one is external risk, when the user has access to an alternative data set containing information that can be linked with statistical data in order to identify a unit. We show that it is possible to measure external risk and information loss while accounting for the measurement scale of variables. In our empirical study we used data from an annual survey of accidents at work for 2017. We compared complex information loss and the risk of disclosure in the original data files and those subjected to SDC using methods implemented in the new working version of the sdcMicro R package. We present the underlying assumptions and results of the SDC process, highlighting the benefits and drawbacks of the tools used in the study, which was conducted in 2020 and 2021 in the Centre for Small Area Estimation at the Statistical Office in Poznań.

2020년 산업재해로 발생한 재해자의 특성요인 분석을 통한 산업재해저감방안 도출

Objective: This study aims to provide foundation data to prevent industrial accidents by extracting insights from the analysis of the Characteristics of the victims of Industrial Accidents in 2020.BRBRBackground: South Korea faced various industrial accident occurrences and the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) conducts an industrial accident survey every year to produce statistical data related to various industrial accidents. However, since the report is mainly composed of descriptive statistical analysis and provided, it is difficult to conduct an in-depth analysis to prevent industrial accidents. In order to prevent industrial accidents, not only a basic analysis of industrial accidents but also a detailed analysis of the victims of the industrial accidents is required. Therefore, this study intends to provide basic data for the prevention of industrial accidents in the future by analyzing the characteristics of the victims of industrial accidents based on the 2020 Industrial Accident Report.BRBRMethod: To analyze the data from the Industrial Accident Cause Investigation Report in 2020 of KOSHA, the cross-tabulation analysis by the Pearson

Occupational health and safety risk assessment using a fuzzy multi-criteria approach in a hospital in Chennai, India

Objectives. Hospitals provide direct and indirect employment benefits to medical professionals. Accidents in hospitals often lead to disastrous consequences such as fatalities, property damage and economic losses. It is, therefore, imperative to have an occupational health and safety (OHS) policy that aims to reduce work-related accidents to acceptable levels. This study aims to investigate health risks to staff from various hazards and suggest control measures to prevent recurrence of accidents. Methods. A two-stage fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach incorporating the fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (FAHP) and fuzzy technique for order preference for similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) was applied to assess the hazards in a leading multi-speciality hospital in Chennai. Results. The top three hazards identified in the workplace were electrical hazards, faulty medical equipment, and ventilation and air conditioning hazards. Subsequently, control measures were suggested to reduce the recurrence of hazards. Finally, a survey of hospital accidents occurring in India between 2010 and 2020 was conducted and compared with the results of this study. Conclusions. The survey findings show similarity to the hazard rankings obtained in this work, thus validating the methodology used for the assessment of hazards in hospitals. Electrical hazards and faulty medical equipment should be monitored.

Numerical study of tornado-induced unsteady crosswind response of railway vehicle using multibody dynamic simulations

The tornado-induced unsteady crosswind responses of railway vehicles are investigated by using multibody dynamic simulations. Firstly, a tornado-induced aerodynamic force model is proposed by using the equivalent wind force method and the quasi-steady theory and validated by the experimental data. The Uetsu line railway accident caused by tornado winds on December 25, 2005 is then investigated by the proposed tornado-induced aerodynamic force model and the multi-body dynamic simulation. The predicted accident scenes show favorably agreement with those obtained from the accident survey when the maximum tangential velocity of tornado is around 41 m/s and the core radius is 30m. Finally, the dynamic amplification factor (DAF) for railway vehicles in tornado winds is systematically studied and it increases as the passing time decreases. It is found that the DAF can be effectively suppressed as the damping parameters increase while it decreases slightly as the natural frequency increases. A simple method to predict the DAF is also proposed based on simulation results.

Epidemiological survey of fatal road traffic accident in Imphal, Manipur

Epidemiological survey of fatal road traffic accident in Imphal, Manipur

테니스 동호인의 부상부위별 부상위험요인 분석

This study was conducted using raw data from the 2019 Survey and Recognition of Life Sports Safety Accidents in Korea. The total number of respondents to the survey was 7,725, of whom 245 said they played tennis. Respondents under the age of 19 were excluded. 108 people said they had experience in injuries. Using this data, we analyzed the injured area of a tennis player. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to observe exercise habits and which factors affect injuries through analysis on the five most frequently injured areas. The analysis showed that the frequency of injuries of tennis players was high in the order of wrists, elbows, knees, ankles, and shoulders. Chronic injuries caused by excessive use mainly appeared in the upper body, and acute injuries caused by lack of warm-up exercise mainly occurred in the lower body. To prevent injuries in the top 5 parts, warm-up exercises and especially flexibility exercises are needed. On the other hand, the risk of occurrence differed depending on proficiency. The better the tennis skills, the lower the risk of injury to the wrist and knee. However, the risk of injury to the shoulder increased. In summarize, thorough warm-up and cool-down exercises, and reducing activity time to less than two hours will reduce injuries during tennis exercise.

Problems Related to the Planimetric Survey of Road Accidents

By its nature, the scene of a road accident is a particularly difficult scenario to deal with from the point of view of its topographical reconstruction since a high rate of risk of alteration and loss of evidence is accompanied by a high rate of irregularity of both the place where the event may happen and the elements present in it. These two types of risk create two different types of problems. The first concerns the difficulty of promptly and completely identifying all of the pieces of evidence, while the second one concerns the difficulty of fixing their position inside the planimetry as precisely as possible through measurement operations.

MORTALITY DUE TO TRANSPORT ACCIDENTS IN THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO: 2005-2015.

ABSTRACTObjective: To characterize cases of land transport accidents in the macro-regions of city of São Paulo in 2005, 2010, and 2015.Methods: This is a population-based, longitudinal and retrospective study of time series, based on a quantitative survey of land transport accidents that occurred in the city of São Paulo in 2005, 2010 and 2015 using data from the Mortality Information System of the City of São Paulo.Results: A total of 1,343, 1,567 and 1,088 deaths by accident recorded in the city’ population in the years 2005, 2010 and 2015 respectively. The highest occurrences were in the age groups 15 to 24 years and 24 to 34 years. The highest number of deaths due to accidents was among males. The mortality rates observed in the macro-regions were South (23.8%), East (22%), North (21.6%), West (7.1%), and Center (3%). In comparing the years examined, there was a decline in the mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants in most macro-regions.Conclusion: Despite the decrease in overall accident mortality in most macro-regions, it still deserves attention on preventive traffic actions focused on young males living in peripheral neighborhoods, since they represent the most susceptible group. Level of evidence II; Retrospective Study.

Promoting older adult fall prevention education and awareness in a community setting: A nurse-led intervention

Background and objectivesFalls are costly and one of the most expensive medical conditions to treat. The implementation of fall prevention toolkits (FPTs), such as fall risk screenings and fall prevention education (FPE), have become progressively important in reducing fall incidences. Nurses have a greater role and responsibility to care for the aging population. The purpose of this project was to implement a FPT to adults age 65 and older that attended mobile IPE community clinics. Research design and methodsThis project used quantitative pretest-posttests and an open-ended participant feedback survey. The Missouri Alliance for Home Care 10-question survey and components of the CDC's Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) FPE were used to assess and educate participants on fall risks and fall prevention. An initial baseline fall assessment and fall education score was obtained at the mobile IPE clinics. Follow-up assessments occurred one month after the initial assessment and compared to the initial fall assessment and fall education scores with an additional open-ended participant survey. ResultsIn both fall risk assessment tools, lower scores indicated a lower fall risk; both fall risk assessment tool mean scores decreased over the one-month period. Discussion and implicationsFuture FPE implementation projects should consider providing needed resources the participants may need so there is no delay in increasing fall prevention and safety measures. The follow-up time period should also be increased to fortify FPE and keep participants engaged in fall prevention safety.

Experimental study on individual risk in crowds based on exerted force and human perceptions

Frequent and intense interactions between individuals inevitably occur in crowd disasters. Previous studies indicate that the primary risk evaluation parameters for individuals in crowds during these interactions are exerted force and its duration. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments simulating static and fluctuant loads were conducted to obtain real-time exerted force data and the associated individual subjective feelings. An individual risk evaluation method is then established to assign a specific individual risk value to each data set of exerted force and its duration according to the individuals’ feelings. This method divides the range of risk value into three zones: comfortable zone, uncomfortable zone and crisis zone. The transition from an uncomfortable zone to crisis zone is not a single numerical value but a range that considers individual differences. The method presented in this paper can assist in developing pedestrian simulation models as well as managing crowd events. Practitioner summary: Accident surveys indicate that casualties and injuries usually occur under a long-term static load or heavy dynamic load. We tested human body extrusion experiments in four conditions, measured the real-time load intensity and duration of the individual’s action on the thoracic cavity during the mutual extrusion process, and an individual risk evaluation method has been established based on the force exerted on the body and its duration to prevent crowd disasters. Abbreviations: NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology; IREM: individual risk evaluation method; CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A 6-year survey of road traffic accidents in Southwest China: Emphasis on traumatic brain injury

Background: The objective of this study is to provide an up-to-date overview of the patterns of injuries, especially traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by RTAs and to discuss some of the public health consequences. Methods: A scientific team was established to collect road traffic accidents occurring between 2013 and 2018 in Chongqing, Southwest China. For each accident, the environment-, vehicle-, and person- variables were analyzed and determined. The overall injury distribution and TBI patterns of four types of road users (driver, passenger, motorcyclist and pedestrian) were compared. The environmental and time distribution of accidents with TBI were shown by bar and pie chart. The risks of severe brain injury whether motorcyclist wearing helmets or not were compared and the risk factors of severe TBI in pedestrian were determined by odds ratio analysis. Results: This study enrolled 2131 accidents with 2741 persons of all kind of traffic participants, 1149 of them suffered AIS1+ head injury and 1598(58%) died in 7 days. The most common cause of deaths is due to head injury with 714(85%) and 1266(79%) persons died within 2 hours. Among 423 persons suffered both skull fracture and intracranial injury, 102 (24.1%) have an intracranial injury but no skull fractures, while none of the skull fractures without intracranial injury was found. Besides, motorcyclists without a helmet were at higher risks for all the brain injury categories. The risk of pedestrian suffering severe TBI at an impact speed of more than 70 km/h is 100 times higher than that with an impact speed of less than 40 km/h. Conclusion: It is urgently needed to develop a more reliable brain injury evaluation criterion for better protection of the road users. We believe that strengthening the emergency care to head injury at the scene is the most effective way to reduce traffic fatality.